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To the instructor: Use this guide

with the Adventures in Diving manu-
al or Multimedia, Adventures in Div-
ing video, and Instructor Cue Cards
when instructing divers during in-
dividual Adventure Dives or when
teaching an entire course.
PADI
Adventures in Diving Program
Instructor Guide
© PADI 2008
Professional Association of Diving Instructors, Inc. (PADI)
All rights reserved.
Published by
PADI AMERICAS, Inc.
30151 Tomas Street
Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688-2125
Printed in U.S.A.
Product No. 79111 (Rev 11/08) Version 2.12
ii
Table of Contents
How to Use This Guide v
One
Course Standards and Overview 1-1
Program Options 1-2
Program Prerequisites 1-3
Training Considerations 1-4
Supervision 1-4
Exceptions 1-5
Instructor Materials 1-6
Student Diver Materials 1-6
Dive Depth Limits 1-7
Equipment 1-7
Knowledge Development 1-7
Confined Water Dry Suit Session 1-8
Practical Training Sessions 1-8
Referral and Training Procedures 1-9
Certification Procedures 1-9
Key Standards 1-9
Summary of Adventure Dive Requirements and Recommendations 1-10
Recommended Course Sequence 1-11
Two
Knowledge Development 2-1
Development Options 2-1
Enriched Air, National Geographic and Digital Underwater
Photography Dive Exception 2-2
Knowledge Review Answer Keys
Altitude Dive 2-3
AWARE Fish Identification 2-5
Boat Dive 2-7
Deep Dive 2-9
Level Two –Digital Underwater Photography 2-11
Diver Propulsion Vehicle 2-13
Drift Dive 2-15
Dry Suit Dive 2-17
Enriched Air Dive 2-19
Enriched Air Dive 2-21
Multilevel & Computer Dive 2-23
National Geographic Dive 2-25
Night Dive 2-27
Peak Performance Buoyancy 2-29
Search & Recovery Dive 2-31
Underwater Naturalist 2-33
Underwater Navigation 2-35
Underwater Photography 2-37
Underwater Videography 2-39
Wreck Dive 2-41
Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide iii

Three
Open Water Dives 3-1
Training Recommendations 3-1
Knowledge Review Answer Keys
Altitude 3-3
AWARE - Fish Identification 3-5
Boat 3-7
Deep 3-9
Digital Underwater Photography 3-11
Diver Propulsion Vehicle (DPV) 3-13
Drift 3-15
Dry Suit 3-17
Enriched Air 3-19
Multilevel and Computer 3-21
National Geographic 3-23
Night 3-25
Peak Performance Buoyancy 3-27
Search and Recovery 3-29
Underwater Naturalist 3-31
Underwater Navigation 3-33
Underwater Photography 3-37
Underwater Videography 3-39
Wreck 3-41
Download the most current forms

from padi.com/Pros’ Site
Check with your PADI Office for
region specific releases,
applications or forms
iv
How
to U s e
This
G u i d e This guide contains three sections,
each of which describes a differ-
ent aspect of the PADI Adventures
in Diving program. The following
synopsis explains where to find
specific standards, knowledge re-
views, recommendations and other
information you need to conduct
Adventure Dives.
All required standards, activities
and performance requirements for
the Adventures in Diving program
appear in blue boldface print.
The blue boldface assists you in
easily identifying those require-
ments that must be adhered to when
you conduct PADI Adventures in
Diving programs. Items not in
boldface are recommendations for
your information or consideration.
This clearly separates training
requirements from supporting ra-
tionale, general recommendations
and how-to information.
Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide v

Section One
Course Standards
and Overview
This first section lists PADI
Adventures in Diving program
requirements and describes
the different training paths
available to student divers.
Here you will find:
• Course prerequisites
and requirements
• Training considerations, Section Two
equipment and materials
• Certification procedures Knowledge
• Key course standards and Development
Adventure Dive summary This section explains the
• Course sequence options for developing
knowledge specific to each
Adventure Dive. It details
how to guide student divers
in self-directed learning and
how to enhance that learning
with instructor-led review ses-
sions. The bulk of this section
consists of Knowledge Review
Section Three
Answer Keys. You will use
these answer keys to review
the Knowledge Reviews that Open Water Training
student divers complete in This section contains the
their PADI Adventures in Diving general recommendations, as
manual or Multimedia. well as specific suggestions, for
conducting Adventure Dives.
Several pages are devoted to
each Adventure Dive and list
performance requirements
and training considerations.
Because each dive touches
on a special area of div-
ing interest, it’s important
to prepare equipment and
activities in advance to ensure
that student divers are able to
meet dive objectives. Use this
section to guide your pre-dive
preparation as well as all
training activities.
vi How to Use This Guide

One
Course Standards
and Overview
P r o g ram s to
D i v i n g ructured mean en-
t u r e i n
s vides divers withrticipating in an n. How- a st Adv
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PAD I Adventures in Dteirveisntgs apnd gain derivs etaekxe after theitrhienoitpiaportunity it prov
pro ce. Pa catio
rogram perien l certifi ides
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D ing in ce div ty and
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arn
r e fi a t h
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tur
ll diver
s ben on. stomiz he env
ever, a d e x plorati t d i v e rs to cu a r e n ess of t
a n studen w
covery allows their a
for dis g r a m h a t b r oaden
o t
The pr r tasks
s u n d erwate
variou ivers.
a b i l i t ies as d
cap
Program Philosophy
The PADI Adventures in Diving pro- PADI Specialty Diver course, the pro-
gram is based on the premise that gram motivates student divers to con-
diving is a means to explore other tinue training. Some may choose to
interests. Once comfortable with basic earn specialty diver certifications before
skills, divers want to conquer new completing the dives required for an
tasks, see different creatures, journey Adventure Diver or Advanced Open Wa-
into diverse environments and experi- ter Diver certification. No matter which
ence new adventures. training path they choose, the Adven-
Divers look for convenience and tures in Diving program encourages div-
flexibility in continuing their divers to gain practical diving experience
ing education. The program’s design under supervision.
allows divers to choose the dives that The PADI Adventures in Diving pro-
interest them and to sample activities gram is key to the success of any PADI
under the guidance of a PADI Instruc- Continuing Education program. It sets
tor. Some divers may choose to make the foundation for additional training,
only one Adventure Dive. Others may not only for PADI Specialties, but also
want additional recognition and com- for meeting other PADI course prereq-
plete several dives to earn a PADI cer- uisites. PADI Rescue Diver
tification. The variety of dives, sched- and leadership level
uling options and certification paths programs build upon
make this program appealing to all skills divers acquire
divers, especially Open Water Divers. during various Adven- n
sociatio
Because each Adventure Dive may ture Dives. ro fe s s ional As uctors
P tr g Ins
count as the first dive of the related of Divin
Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide

Rescue Diver
Program Options
The Adventures in Diving program offers two
certification options. A diver who completes any ▲
three Adventure Dives earns the PADI Adventure
Diver rating. A diver who completes the Deep
Dive, the Underwater Navigation Dive and three Advanced Open Water
additional Adventure Dives (five total) earns the Diver
Advanced Open Water Diver certification. Deep Dive and Underwater
Navigation Dive Plus Any Three
Adventure Dives (5 Total)
▲
▲
Adventure Diver Specialty Diver Courses
• Cavern
Any Three Adventure Dives • Ice
• Search and Recovery
• Semiclosed Rebreather -
▲
▲ Dolphin/Atlantis
• Semiclosed Rebreather - Ray
• Others - distinctives
Open Water Diver Specialty Diver Courses

• Deep
(or qualifying certification) • Wreck
• Others - distinctives
▲
Specialty Diver Courses
• Altitude
• AWARE - Fish Identification
• Boat
• Digital Underwater Photographer
• Diver Propulsion Vehicle
• Drift
• Dry Suit
• Enriched Air
• Multilevel Adventures in Diving Program and
• National Geographic
• Night
Specialty Diver Course Relationship
• Peak Performance Buoyancy Each Adventure Dive may be counted as the first dive
• Underwater Naturalist
• Underwater Navigator of the related PADI Specialty Diver course. Similarly,
• Underwater Photographer Dive 1 of a PADI Specialty Diver course may be
• Underwater Videographer
• Others - distinctives counted toward Adventures in Diving program dive
requirements. (See Exceptions.)
To allow credit for a particular dive, you
must verify that the student diver successfully
completed the dive performance requirements
and completed the associated Knowledge
Review.
Dive documentation may include an Adventure
Dive/Specialty Dive Training Record signed by a
PADI Instructor in the diver’s log book. A completed
and signed Knowledge Review from the Adventures in
Diving manual or Multimedia, related PADI Specialty
Diver manual, a copy from the PADI Specialty Diver
Course Instructor Outline or an eLearning Record-
may be accepted as proof of knowledge development.
Allowing credit for dives is at your discretion.
1-2 One: Course Standards and Overview

Rescue Training Sessions
Divers (age 12 and older) may participate in PADI Rescue Diver
Course – Rescue Training Sessions in confined water to earn
credit toward the PADI Rescue Diver course. Consider offer-
ing this training during any Adventure Dive practical session
that you conduct in confined water. Use the PADI Rescue Diver
Course Training Documentation and Referral form to docu-
ment training. Encourage divers to enroll in a PADI Rescue
Diver course within 12 months to apply their rescue training
credit. See the PADI Rescue Diver Course Instructor Guide for more
information.
Program Prerequisites
To participate in the Adventures in Diving program, an individual must:
1. Be certified as a PADI (Junior) Open Water Diver or have a qualifying certifica-
tion from another training organization. (This is defined as proof of an entry-
level scuba certification with a minimum of four open water training dives.)
2. Be at least 10 years of age to participate in the following Adventure Dives: Alti-
tude, AWARE - Fish Identification, Boat, Digital Underwater Photography, Dry
Suit, Peak Performance Buoyancy, Underwater Naturalist, Underwater Naviga-
tion, Underwater Photography and Underwater Videography.
Note: 10 and 11-year-old divers may earn a Junior Adventure Diver certification. Divers who are 12-14 years old may
obtain Junior Adventure Diver or Junior Advanced Open Water Diver certifications.
3. Be 12 years of age or older to participate in all other Adventure Dives except the
Enriched Air Adventure Dive.
4. Be at 15 years of age to participate in the Enriched Air Adventure Dive.
5. Prior to the start of a Junior Adventure Diver course, you must have both a par-
ent (legal guardian) and the child (aged 10-11) watch the Youth Diving: Respon-
sibility and Risks video or review the Youth Diving: Responsibility and Risks
Flipchart. Both parent and child must read and sign the Youth Diving: Respon-
sibility and Risks Acknowledgment form. (The Youth Diving: Responsibility and Risks
Flipchart and the Youth Diving: Responsibility and Risks Acknowledgment are found in the
Pros’ Site at padi.com.)
Note: If the child enrolls in another PADI course, involving confined open water or open water, at the same PADI Dive
Center or Resort within 12 months of the original course or program, the parent and child do not have to watch the Youth
Diving: Responsibility and Risks video or review the Youth Diving: Responsibility and Risk Flipchart. However, both parent
and child must read and sign a new Youth Diving: Responsibility and Risks Acknowledgement form.
Preassessment
As stated in PADI General Standards and Procedures, you must screen and
evaluate all student divers to ensure they meet the required prereq-
uisites and possess the necessary knowledge and skills to enter the
program.
The recommended method for preassessing basic diving knowledge is to
have student divers complete the 34 question Quick Review found in the Adven-
tures in Diving manual or Multimedia. To assess basic diving skills, consider hav-
ing student divers complete the PADI Skill Evaluation in confined water.
Remediate knowledge and skills as necessary.
Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-3

Training Considerations
Divers begin their training by choosing dives,
with your guidance, from the Adventure Dives
listed below. Ideally, you want to offer all
the various Adventure Dives, however, geo-
graphical differences and equipment avail- Supervision
ability may limit the number of dives you can During training, a Teaching status
conduct at your location. To best serve your PADI Instructor must be present and in
student divers’ needs, offer as many different control of all activities. The maximum
Adventure Dives as possible in the local area diver-to-instructor/certified assistant
and provide divers with options for making ratio is 8:1. When children aged 10-11
additional dives, such as on dive holidays to are participating, the maximum ratio is
other dive locations. 4:1. No more than two children aged 10-
Do not conduct the Deep Adventure 11 may be included in any group of four
Dive as the first or second dive of the student divers.
program. You (the instructor) must directly
Each Adventure Dive requires divers to supervise student divers on any Adven-
complete specific tasks related to the specialty ture Dive conducted deeper than 18
activity. To preserve the learning experi- metres/60 feet at a maximum diver-to-
ence, you cannot combine the perfor- instructor ratio of 8:1, unless all divers
mance requirements for two or more have successfully completed the Deep
dives into one training dive.* For ex- Adventure Dive. You can not increase
ample, when conducting the Deep Adventure this ratio with the use of certified assis-
Dive on a wreck, do not combine the Deep tants.
Dive requirements with those of the Wreck You may indirectly supervise all shal-
Adventure Dive and give credit for both dives. lower Adventure Dives conducted to 18
* See Exceptions
metres/60 feet or less (or divers with
The Adventure Dives outlined in this instructor Deep Adventure Dive experience) except
guide include: the Deep Dive, Dry Suit Dive, Night Dive
1. Altitude Dive and Wreck Dive (see below for clarifi-
cation.) You must directly supervise all
2. AWARE - Fish Identification Dive
dives that include 10-11 year olds.
3. Boat Dive
During the Deep Dive, you must be in
4. Deep Dive
the water directly supervising the diving
5. Digital Underwater Photography Dive activities. You may accompany a maxi-
6. Diver Propulsion Vehicle Dive mum of eight student divers (8:1) and
7. Drift Dive can not increase this ratio with the use
8. Dry Suit Dive of certified assistants.
9. Enriched Air Dive During the Dry Suit Dive, Night Dive
10. Multilevel and Computer Dive and Wreck Dive, either you or a certi-
11. National Geographic Dive fied assistant must accompany student
12. Night Dive divers. The maximum ratios are eight
13. Peak Performance Buoyancy Dive divers to one instructor — 8:1, or four
14. Search and Recovery Dive students to one certified assistant — 4:1.
During the Underwater Navigation Dive, it
15. Underwater Naturalist Dive
is recommended, but not required, that a certi-
16. Underwater Navigation Dive
fied assistant accompany each buddy team.
17. Underwater Photography Dive
You must ensure that all perfor-
18. Underwater Videography Dive mance requirements are met. Certified
19. Wreck Dive assistants are not authorized to assess student
Note: Other Adventure Dives may be added as additional performance, however, they can provide in-
standardized PADI Specialty Diver courses are developed.
water control and supervision.
Exceptions
Peak Performance Buoyancy
When a PADI Assistant Instructor con- both knowledge development sec-
ducts a Peak Performance Buoyancy tions as well as Practical Applica-
Specialty Diver course, a Teaching status tion 2 from the Enriched Air Diver
PADI Instructor must cosign the student course.
diver’s Adventure Dive Training Record af- Indirect supervision is allowed
ter verifying that all performance require- for an Enriched Air Adventure Dive
ments are met. The instructor who cosigns when you personally watch divers
the Training Record may certify the diver set their enriched air dive comput-
as an Adventure Diver or Advanced Open ers and verify settings for the correct
Water Diver if the Peak Performance blend. You may also indirectly su-
Buoyancy Dive is the final dive needed for pervise divers who have successfully
that certification. completed both Enriched Air Diver
course Knowledge Development sec-
Enriched Air Dive tions and the final exam.
To conduct an Enriched Air Adven- You must directly supervise an
ture Dive you must be a PADI En- enriched air dive when divers have
riched Air Specialty Instructor. not completed Knowledge Develop-
Divers participating in enriched ment Sections 1 and 2 and don’t
air diving must complete and sign have enriched air dive computers.
a Liability Release and Assumption Because dives are no longer required to
of Risk Agreement for Enriched Air earn an Enriched Air Diver Specialty certi-
(Nitrox) Diving in addition to other fication, divers with this specialty certifica-
required course documents. tion may also earn credit toward the PADI
Divers must have to study with Adventure Diver and Advanced Open
and retain all materials required for Water Diver certifications by showing that
the Enriched Air Diver course. they have logged at least one enriched
To credit as an Adventure Dive air-dedicated dive. This dive may be one of
toward Adventure Diver or Ad- the dives from the PADI Enriched Air Diver
vanced Open Water Diver certifica- course, or any enriched air dive as long as
tion, the Enriched Air Adventure not combined with any other PADI course
Dive must not be integrated with training dive. The dive must be verified by
any other Adventure Dive. the instructor via a log book or training
You may conduct either Dive 1 or Dive record, however, the dive does not have to
2 from the Enriched Air Diver Specialty be completed in a training scenario.
course as the Enriched Air Adventure
Dive. Use Dive 1 when student divers are Digital Underwater
just beginning their enriched air dive Photography Dive
training. Use Dive 2 for student divers Divers must successfully complete
who have already completed Enriched Air Level Two and receive the Digital
Dive 1 as part of their Enriched Air Diver Underwater Photographer certifica-
specialty course, or in conjunction with tion to credit Dive Two as an Adven-
another Adventure Dive, or integrated ture Dive toward the PADI Adventure
with Open Water Diver course Dive 4. Diver or Advanced Open Water Diver
Before participating in their first certifications.
enriched air dive, divers must com- Divers must have to study with
plete Practical Application 1 from and retain all materials required for
the Enriched Air Diver course. To the Digital Underwater Photogra-
participate in Enriched Air Dive 2, pher course.
student divers must have completed When PADI Assistant Instructors

and PADI Divemasters conduct the Concurrent Specialties
Digital Underwater Photographer When a PADI Specialty Diver course,
Specialty course, a Teaching status such as Altitude Diver, Boat Diver, Dry
PADI Instructor who is also certified Suit Diver or National Geographic Div-
as a PADI Digital Underwater Photog- er, is conducted concurrently with the
rapher Specialty Instructor must co- PADI Open Water Diver course, student
sign the student diver’s log book and divers must earn the specialty diver
Training Record form after verifying certification (completing the dedicated
that all performance requirements Specialty Dive 2 after the required four
are met. The instructor cosigning the log open water dives) to receive credit as
book may certify divers as Adventure Divers an Adventure Dive.
or Advanced Open Water Divers if Dive Two
is the final dive needed for certification.
Instructor Materials Student Diver Materials

Required Required
You must use the following when
The PADI Dive Center, Resort, and/or
conducting the Adventures in Diving
Instructor conducting a PADI Adven-
program:
tures in Diving program (Adventure
• PADI Adventures in Diving Program Diver and Advanced Open Water Diver)
Instructor Guide. must ensure that student divers have,
• PADI Adventures in Diving manual or in their possession, a personal set of
Multimedia (if available in a lan- materials for study and use during the
guage the diver understands). course and for reference afterward;
• Deluxe Data Carrier unless the materials are not available in a
• RDP – table or eRDPML including as- language understood by the student diver.
sociated Instructions for Use booklets Student divers must have a current ver-
(The eRDPML is required if conduct- sion of these required materials:
ing multilevel dives)
• PADI Adventures in Diving manual or
Recommended Multimedia
• PADI Adventures in Diving video • Deluxe Data Carrier
• Adventures in Diving Program Instructor • RDP – table or eRDPML including
Slates associated Instructions for Use book-
• PADI Specialty Diver manuals and videos lets (The eRDPML is required for
multilevel dives)
Recommended
• PADI Adventures in Diving video
• PADI Specialty Diver manuals and videos
• PADI Log Book

Dive Depth Limits
The maximum depth for any Adven- Knowledge Development
ture Dive is 30 metres/100 feet. For
Prior to an Adventure Dive, you must ensure
12-14 year olds, the maximum depth
that student divers understand the informa-
for any Adventure Dive is 21 me-
tion necessary to safely complete the dive.
tres/70 feet. For 10-11 year olds the
This is usually accomplished by having div-
maximum depth is 12 metres/40 feet.
ers complete the appropriate Knowledge Re-
At no time shall any dive exceed
view from the Adventures in Diving manual or
the limits of the Recreational Dive
Multimedia, but may also include thorough
Planner or the no decompression lim-
predive briefings or question and answer ses-
its of the student diver’s dive comput-
sions. When logistics dictate, Knowledge Re-
er (as outlined by the manufacturer’s
views may be completed and collected after
instructions).
the dive. (See Section Two for more informa-
Look under training considerations for
tion about knowledge development options.)
individual Adventure Dives (Section 3) for
Student divers must complete the
specific dive depth recommendations or re-
appropriate Knowledge Review before
fer to the Adventure Dive Summary Sheet
they receive credit for an Adventure
at the end of this section.
Dive. The student diver must either
Equipment complete all Knowledge Review ques-
tions correctly or you must thoroughly
During open water training, each
review each missed item until the diver
student diver must be equipped with
understands the information. You must
a mask, fins, snorkel, appropriate
document completion and review of
exposure protection, dive knife/tool,
the Knowledge Review in your records.
scuba tank, buoyancy control device
Having student divers sign and date
with low-pressure inflator, weight
the student statement at the end of the
system, regulator, alternate air
Knowledge Review verifies that any
source, submersible pressure gauge,
incorrect items were reviewed and un-
depth gauge, timing device and/or
derstood by student divers.
dive computer, compass, at least one
audible emergency surface signaling
device and Recreational Dive Plan- PADI Adventure Dive Training
ner (table or eRDPML). Records
For the Night Dive, student divers You document completion of an Adventure
must each have an underwater light Dive by signing the student diver’s Adventure
and whistle. A backup underwater light Dive Training Record. Student divers must
and marker/chemical lights are recom- meet all skill and knowledge perfor-
mended. mance requirements before you sign
the appropriate Training Record for
the dive. PADI Adventure Dive Training
Records may be used to verify completion of
Adventure Dives.
Adventure Dive Training Records are
found in PADI Log Books.

Confined Water Dry Suit Session
Student divers who have never used a dry suit must complete a con-
fined water training dive prior to making an Adventure Dive in a dry
suit. This confined water session allows student divers to become comfortable
with their dry suits, practice Adventure Dive skills and eliminate potential equip-
ment problems.
By the end of the confined water dive, student divers must be able to:
1. Put on and remove a dry suit with the aid of another diver if neces-
sary for that model dry suit.
2. Demonstrate how to conduct a buoyancy check at the surface while
wearing a dry suit with undergarments (when needed) and full
scuba equipment.
3. Demonstrate neutral buoyancy by pivoting on the fin tips, or when
appropriate, another point of contact for one minute.
4. Demonstrate neutral buoyancy by hovering (without kicking or
sculling) near the bottom for one minute.
5. Demonstrate one technique for recovering from excess gas in the
feet.
6. Disconnect and reconnect the low-pressure hose from the dry suit
inflator valve while underwater.
7. Perform a neutrally buoyant ascent from the bottom, at a rate no
faster then 18 metres/60 feet per minute.
8. Remove and replace both the scuba unit and weight system while
on the surface.
Practical Training Sessions

Most Adventure Dives introduce student divers to new dive tools and procedures.
Divers may benefit from predive practical training sessions that allow them to prac-
tice using new items and trying new techniques. These sessions may include land-
based rehearsals, confined water dives or a combination of both.
Practical training sessions should focus on the tools, skills and techniques used
during Adventure Dives. Organize sessions to allow discovery, maximum practice
and fun. If time and logistics allow, offer the following (or similar) sessions for the
corresponding Adventure Dives:
• View slides/video of local fish, aquatic life and ecosystems – AWARE - Fish Identi-
fication and Underwater Naturalist
• Tie knots and work with lines – Boat Dive, Deep Dive and Search & Recovery
Dive
• Compass use – Underwater Navigation Dive and Search & Recovery Dive
• Lift bag use – Search & Recovery Dive
• Buoyancy control obstacle course – Peak Performance Buoyancy Dive
• Diver propulsion vehicle preparation and use – DPV Dive
• Dry suit preparation and use – Dry Suit Dive
• Underwater light preparation and use – Night Dive
• Underwater camera preparation and use – Underwater Photography Dive
• Underwater videocamera preparation and use – Underwater Videography Dive
• Review specific dive computer use – Multilevel and Computer Dive.

Referral and Training Procedures Certification Procedures
Student divers may choose to complete one Any Teaching status PADI Instructor may con-
Adventure Dive at a time in various dive duct the PADI Adventures in Diving program
locations or choose to complete all dives for and certify PADI Adventure Divers and PADI
certification with one instructor. Due to this Advanced Open Water Divers. The certifying
flexibility, you may begin, continue or com- instructor obtains certifications by submitting
plete training with a diver by conducting completed and signed PICs to the appropriate
one or more dives. By evaluating the student PADI Office.
diver’s Adventure Dive Training Records, you The instructor who conducts the
can determine which dives the diver completed third Adventure Dive with a student
and how many more the diver needs for certifi- diver is the certifying instructor for the
cation. Adventure Diver rating. The instructor
Prior to conducting any Adventure who conducts the fifth (or final) dive
Dive with a new student diver, have the with a student diver is the certifying
diver complete the administrative re- instructor for the Advanced Open Water
quirements as outlined in the “General Diver rating. The certifying instructor
Standards and Procedures” section. must verify that all course performance
The Liability Release and Assumption of requirements have been satisfactorily
Risk (Certificate of Understanding) for Ad- completed.
ventures in Diving Program and Correlating Note: If a student diver completes three Adventure
Specialty Diver Programs (found in the Pros Dives, thus meeting the requirement for Adventure
section of padi.com) is valid for one year, at Diver, but decides to immediately complete the require-
ments for Advanced Open Water Diver, you may send
the same PADI Dive Center or Resort, from the in only one PIC for Advanced Open Water Diver certifi-
date the diver first signs it. Using this release cation – unless the diver requests both certifications.
allows you to conduct Adventure Dives with
a student diver for up to a year before new a
new release is necessary.
You may check the status of PADI Instruc-
tors who previously signed a student diver’s
Adventure Dive Training Record by contacting
your PADI Office.
Key Standards
Adventure Diver
Prerequisite Certification: PADI Open Water Diver or qualifying
certification
Minimum Age: 10
Minimum Open Water Training: 3 Adventure Dives
Minimum Instructor Rating: Teaching status PADI Instructor
Advanced Open Water Diver

Prerequisite Certification: PADI Open Water Diver or qualifying
certification
Minimum Age: 12
Minimum Open Water Training: 5 Adventure Dives including Deep and
Underwater Navigation Dives
Minimum Instructor Rating: Teaching status PADI Instructor

Summary of Adventure Dive Requirements
and Recommendations
Min. Recommended Maximum Diver-to-Instructor Indirect
+
Dive Age Depth Depth Ratio Supervision Definitions/Other Requirements
Altitude 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes altitude - 300-3000m/1000-10,000ft. Use special RDP rules.
Jr.-21m/70ft Higher than 2400m/8000ft - wait 6 hours before diving
(Jr.10-11) 12m/40ft (Jr.10-11) 4:1 NO No more than two 10-11 year olds per group
AWARE - Fish 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Identification (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Boat 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
(Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Deep 12 24-30m/80-100ft 30m/100ft 8:1 NO deep - 18-30m/60-100ft
Jr.-21m/70ft Required for Advanced Open Water Diver certification
Digital Underwater 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes Dive Two of specialty diver course
Photographer (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Diver Propulsion 12 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Vehicle Jr.-21m/70ft
Drift 12 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Jr.-21m/70ft
Dry Suit 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Must be No dry suit experience = confined water session required.
Jr.-21m/70ft accompanied Must use BCD.
(Jr.10-11) 12m/40ft (Jr.10-11) 4:1 No more than two 10-11 year olds per group
Enriched Air 15 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes* *Direct supervision required when divers have not completed EANx
(1.4ata PO2) course Knowledge Development 1 - 2 and do not have personal
enriched air dive computers.
Maximum blend – 40% oxygen

Multilevel and 12 Level 1 - 18m/60ft 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes multilevel and computer - dive starting at deepest depth
Computer Level 2 - 12m/40ft Jr.-21m/70ft and progressing through up to 3 decreasing levels
National 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes Must be conducted through a PADI National
Geographic (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft Geographic Dive Center
Night 12 18m/60ft 30m/100ft 8:1-instructor Must be night - anytime between sunset and sunrise
Jr.-21m/70ft 4:1-assistant accompanied
Peak Performance 10 9-12m/30-40ft 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Buoyancy (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Search & Recovery 12 6-9m/20-30ft 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Jr.-21m/70ft
Underwater 10 — 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes
Naturalist (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Underwater 10 6-9m/20-30ft 30m/100ft 8:1 Yes Required for Advanced Open Water Diver certification
Navigation Jr.-21m/70ft
Photography (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Videography (Jr.12-14) 21m/70ft
Wreck 12 — 30m/100ft 8:1-instructor Must be Wreck penetration is not allowed
Jr.-21m/70ft 4:1-assistant accompanied
+
Unless divers have completed the Deep Adventure Dive, dives conducted deeper than 18 metres/60 feet must be directly supervised at
a maximum diver-to-instructor ratio of 8:1 and this ratio can not increase with the use of certified assistants.

Recommended Course Sequence
Schedule Adventure Dives so that student divers can complete training quickly and conveniently.
By conducting three Adventure Dives in one day, student divers can earn the Adventure Diver
rating. Scheduling five dives over two days, including the Deep Dive and Underwater Navigation
Dive, allows divers to earn the Advanced Open Water Diver certification.
You may also choose to schedule various Adventure Dives separately throughout the month.
With this schedule, student divers may choose the dives that interest them on the dates that are
convenient. This allows flexibility for divers to complete training at their leisure.
(See example below)
Sample Schedule
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
Peak Underwater
Evening Performance Night Dive Navigation
Orientation Buoyancy
Search and
Recovery

DPV Dive
Deep Dive Deep Dive

Underwater Evening Underwater
Boat Dive Photography Orientation Naturalist AWARE Fish
Identification
Drift Dive
Underwater
Videography
Dry Suit Multilevel &

Dive Night Dive Search & Evening Computer Dive
Recovery Orientation
Altitude Dive Wreck Dive
Wreck Dive Night Dive
Deep Dive Drift Dive

Evening Dry Suit Underwater
Underwater Orientation Dive Videography Altitude Dive
Navigation
Underwater
Peak Naturalist
Performance
Buoyancy
AWARE Fish Deep Dive

Identification DPV Dive Underwater Evening
Navigation Orientation Multilevel &
Underwater Computer Dive
Photography
Boat Dive

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Knowledge Review Development Options

Answer Keys Knowledge Development for the
This section overviews knowl- PADI Adventures in Diving pro-
edge development options for the gram is usually handled through
Adventures in Diving program. student diver independent study
The bulk of this section con- using PADI eLearning, the PADI
tains Knowledge Review Answer Adventures in Diving manual or
Keys that correspond with the Multimedia (if available in a
Knowledge Reviews found in the language the diver understands)
Adventures in Diving manual and and the Adventures in Diving video.
Multimedia. The answers are given Divers read appropriate manual
for your reference, however, it’s sections and watch portions of the
important to note that student video that cover the specific Ad-
diver answers may vary. Use these venture Dives. After completing
keys to guide your knowledge each Adventure Dive Knowledge
overview sessions prior to Adven- Review, student divers meet with
ture Dives. their instructor for review and
clarification.
n
sociatio
ro fe s s ional As uctors
P g Instr
of Divin

You may assess student diver knowl- Occasionally, student divers may not
edge by conducting in-depth predive complete the Knowledge Review prior to
briefings, holding question and answer the dive. This may occur, for example,
sessions, or scheduling more structured when the Adventures in Diving manual or
discussions. The recommended method is Multimedia is not available in a language
to use prescriptive teaching. Start by going the diver understands, or when there is not
over the Knowledge Reviews, then elabo- enough time between when the diver signs
rate only on those areas where student up and the dive begins. Regardless of the
divers miss questions or need clarification. circumstances, prior to any Adventure
Focus on dive specific information and Dive, you must ensure that student
expand your discussions based on diver divers understand the information
questions. necessary to safely complete the
After student divers sign and date the dive.
Knowledge Review student diver state- When longer explanations are neces-
ment, acknowledging that they under- sary, consider using appropriate parts of
stand the information, overview the tasks the related Specialty Diver Course Instruc-
required to complete each Adventure Dive. tor Outline to guide your elaboration.
Provide tips and suggestions that apply Student divers may answer Knowledge
to the local environment or specific areas Review questions during these sessions
where training will occur. or complete them after the dive. Knowl-
edge Reviews must be completed and
reviewed before divers receive credit
for an Adventure Dive.
Enriched Air, National Geographic and Digital

Underwater Photography Dive Exception
Because the Adventures in Diving manual, Multimedia and video do not
include information about enriched air diving, digital underwater pho-
tography or cover material required for the National Geographic Dive,
student divers must gain this knowledge through other means. This
may include:
For the Enriched Air Dive:
1. Independent study using the PADI Enriched Air Diver Manual and
Enriched Air Diving video. Divers need to complete Section 1 – Knowl-
edge Review from the manual.
2. Attending an instructor-led session based on Knowledge Develop-
ment Section 1 from the Enriched Air Diver Specialty Course Instruc-
tor Outline. Divers need to complete the Enriched Air Dive Knowl-
edge Review included in this guide or Section 1 – Knowledge Review
from the Enriched Air Diver Manual.
For the National Geographic Dive, divers need to study independently
using the National Geographic Diver Almanac and DVD. Divers need to
complete the Knowledge Review in the Almanac.
As part of their PADI Digital Underwater Photographer course, divers
need to study independently using the Digital Underwater Photographer
Manual and complete Knowledge Review Level Two in preparation for
participating in Dive Two which will credit as an Adventure Dive.
2-2 Two: Knowledge Development

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Altitude Dive

To the student diver: Answer the following questions and bring this completed Knowledge Review
with you to your next training session.
1. Define “altitude dive” and briefly explain why there are special considerations when using
tables and dive computers at altitude.
Any dive made at 300 metres/1000 feet or greater above sea

level. Special dive table considerations are needed to account for
the difference in atmospheric pressure.
2. What’s the main difference between altitude diving and flying after diving?
In altitude diving, the exposure to lower atmospheric pressure

precedes the dive. The exposure to lower atmospheric pressure fol-
lows the dive when flying.
3. List the current recommendations for flying after diving.
For a single dive within the no decompression limit, a minimum

preflight surface interval of 12 hours is suggested. For repetitive
dives and/or multiday dives, a minimum preflight surface inter-
val of 18 hours is suggested. For dives requiring decompression
stops, a minimum preflight surface interval greater than 18 hours
is suggested.
4. List two possible detrimental physiological conditions, aside from decompression sickness, that
may be concerns for altitude divers, and explain how to avoid them.
1. Hypoxia – pace yourself, avoid strenuous work

2. Hypothermia – use adequate exposure protection
5. Describe how altitude affects each of the following instruments, and how to adjust for those
effects.
a. Digital electronic depth gauge:
Varies. Some adjust automatically – consult manufacturer’s
instructions.
b. Bourdon tube depth gauge:
Reads shallower than actual depth – use adjustment knob if avail-
able.
c. Capillary depth gauge:
Reads deeper than actual depth. Reads theoretical depth – no
adjustment necessary

d. Dive computer:
Varies. Some adjust automatically – consult manufacturer’s
instructions.
6. Identify the following when using the RDP at altitude.
a. Ascent rate: 9 metres/30 feet or slower

b. Safety stop time/depth: 3 minute stop at theoretical depth
c. Maximum depth: Theoretical depth of 40 metres/130 feet
d. Maximum altitude: 3000 metres/10,000 feet
7. What’s the generally recommended maximum number of dives in a day when using the RDP
at altitude. Two
8. You plan to dive to an actual depth of 18 metres/60 feet one hour after arriving to an altitude
of 1090 metres/3578 feet. If you were to dive to the no-decompression limit, what would your
no-decompression limit be for a repetitive dive to the same depth after a 45 minute surface
interval?
16 min metric 18 min imperial

9. You plan to dive to an actual depth of 24 metres/80 feet after spending seven hours at the dive
site altitude of 1226 metres/4023 feet. What is your no-decompression limit for this dive? If
your bottom time is 15 minutes, what would your no-decompression limit be for a repetitive
dive to an actual depth of 18 metres/60 feet after a one hour, five minute surface interval?
Part 1: 20 minutes
Part 2: Metric = 25 min
Imperial – Table = 20 min, eRDPML = 24 min
Student Diver Statement: I’ve completed this Knowledge Review to the best of my
ability and any questions I answered incorrectly or incompletely I’ve had explained
to me, and I understand what I missed.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _____________
Adventure Dive: Altitude

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Tour (time/air pressure permitting)
• Briefing • Ascent – Safety Stop
• Gearing Up • Exit
• Predive Safety Check • Debrief
• Entry • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• Descent Training Record
• Depth Gauge Comparisons at Depth

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – AWARE Fish Identification

1. Why are scuba divers and snorkelers the “natural” ambassadors for the aquatic environment?
Divers and snorkelers notice both short and long term changes in
the aquatic realm. This intimate familiarity with the underwater
world, makes them the natural ambassadors for the aquatic
environment.
2. A.W.A.R.E. is an acronym for:
Aquatic World Awareness, Responsibility and Education

3. True or False. Project AWARE’s mission includes teaching the world about the importance of
preserving the aquatic environment.
TRUE
4. The Project AWARE Foundation supports environmental efforts by:
❑ a. Encouraging aquatic ecology and education.
❑ b. Funding and assisting worthwhile projects that enrich humanity’s awareness

and understanding of the aquatic world’s fragile nature.
❑ c. Supporting environmental research
■ d. All of the above.
5. Approximately how many different fish species exist worldwide? 21,000
6. True or False. The simple strategy for identifying fish is to focus on families, rather than try-
ing to learn every fish species.
TRUE
7. Fish identification is a(n) __________ activity. Avoid _________ fish to get a better look.
❑ a. interactive/photographing
❑ b. passive/staring at
■ c. passive/chasing
❑ d. interactive/drawing

8. List at least four common fish groupings used to identify fish in your local area.
(Answers vary depending on location)

9. List some of the characteristics that assist in distinguishing between fish families.
Possible answers include:

1. Size
2. Color
3. Body shape
4. Fin configuration
5. Mouth/jaw shape
6. Habitat and behavior
7. Propulsion method
10. Describe the “roving diver” survey technique?
A technique that allows divers to swim along as usual, spotting

fish along the way. The divers do not have to alter or restrict their
normal dive pattern.
Name __________________________________________________ Date _________________
Adventure Dive: AWARE Fish Identification

Skills Overview
• Slate preparation • Post dive procedures
• Briefing • Use reference materials to identify
• Equipment preparation unfamiliar fish

Training Record
• Descent
• Observe and identify fish families
• Record sightings
• Sketch/describe unfamiliar fish
• Ascent and exit

Name ___________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Boat Dive

1. On the illustration, label the following: bow, stern, port, starboard, windward and leeward.
Starboard Windward
➞
Stern
➞
➞
Bow
➞
Port Leeward
2. List eight pieces of emergency equipment commonly found on dive boats.
1. PFDs (personal flotation devices) 5. First aid kit

2. Fire extinguishers 6. Oxygen equipment
3. Sound signaling devices 7. Marine radio
4. Visual distress signals 8. Bilge pump or bailer
3. Describe how to help prevent seasickness, and what to do if you become seasick.
Prevention: take a seasickness medication well in advance of boarding; avoid
greasy foods; stay on deck, or at least in the fresh air, as close to the cen-
ter of the boat as possible; look at something stationary on the horizon;
avoid intricate tasks; enter the water as soon as possible; avoid breathing
engine exhaust; and avoid using the head during rough weather.
If seasickness occurs: stay out of the boat’s head; go to the lee side (down-
wind) rail to vomit; and drink some room temperature water.
4. Describe the “general” boarding procedure for a typical charter boat.
Plan to board 1/2 hour prior to departure. Ask crew where to stow equip-
ment. Sign-in and listen to predive briefings.
5. On most dive boats be sure to work from your dive bag and not take up ___________ .
Excessive space
6. Explain the general guidelines for making proper entries from various types of boats.
When ready to enter the water, make sure your buddy is also ready. Check
in with the divemaster (if there is one). Partially inflate your BCD, put your
regulator in your mouth (unless you are putting your unit on in the water).
Make sure the entry area is clear and hold your mask firmly. Have your ac-
cessories handed down.

7. Explain the location and purpose for trip line, gear line, tag line and current line:
Trip line:Buoyed from front of the anchor, used to release anchor – some-
times used for descent/ascent line.
Gear line: Usually near entry/exit area – used to secure gear when diving from
a small boat, or to suspend accessories.
Tag (swim) line: From stern or entry area to mooring/anchor line – used to pull
yourself from the entry area to the mooring/anchor line.
Current (trail or mermaid) line: Trailed behind boat – used to maintain position
in a current and pull yourself to the boat. Provides a larger target if you
have to swim across current to reach the boat.
8. Describe the procedures for making a free descent from a boat.
Take care to avoid disorientation. Watch descent rate – maintain buddy

contact.
9. What are the general guidelines for making a proper exit into a charter boat?
Wait your turn to exit, avoid positioning yourself under a diver on a ladder.
Time swells to assist with your exit – letting them carry you onto the plat-
form. Don’t remove fins until contact with the boat is made. Keep your mask
on and breathe through your snorkel or regulator until you’re aboard. Hand
up accessory equipment.
10. Explain why you should listen to post-dive roll calls by divemasters or crew members.
This procedure makes sure everyone is aboard and accounted for before
leaving the area.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Boat

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Dive for Fun and Pleasure
• Suiting Up • Boat Diving Exit
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) • Stow Equipment
• Boat Diving Entry • Debrief
• Descent • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
Training Record

Name ___________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Deep Dive

1. List five factors to consider when determining your personal deep diving depth limit.
1. Environmental conditions
2. Physical and psychological fitness
3. Surface interval – pressure group
4. Geographic location
5. Personal and buddy’s ability
2. Explain how to determine if your equipment is suitable for deep diving.
Consider equipment condition and appropriateness for use while

deep diving. Regulator and SPG serviced annually. BCD in good
working condition. Exposure suit used based on deep water tem-
peratures. Complete set of gauges – ideally on a console.
3. List five pieces of specialized equipment recommended for deep diving.
1. Reference line
2. Emergency breathing equipment
3. Wrist weights
4. Underwater light
5. First aid kit and emergency oxygen
4. Describe proper ascent and descent techniques for deep diving, including positioning, main-
taining a proper ascent rate and descending/ascending without a visual reference.
When possible, descend feet-first on deep dives. Estimate rate of

ascent using depth gauge and timer together or electronic depth
gauge/dive computer with ascent warning. Without a visual refer-
ence, ascend/descend in a feet-down position, face buddy, watch
rate of ascent, adjust buoyancy frequently. Make a safety stop.
5. Explain how to avoid low-on-air or out-of-air emergencies while deep diving.
Monitor SPG frequently – more often than on shallower dives.

6. Describe how to make a safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet with a usual reference (line or sloping
bottom).
Grasp line (or bottom) so that depth is at midchest level – body

vertical. Maintain neutral or slight negative buoyancy – watch
depth and time. Review dive time and depth limits.
7. Describe how to prevent narcosis, and how to treat it if it occurs.
Stay in shallower water. If it occurs, ascend with buddy to shal-

lower water until symptoms/signs subside.
8. List six symptoms and six signs of decompression illness.
Symptoms Signs
1. Pain in arms, legs or torso 1. Blotchy skin rash

2. Local numbness, tingling, paralysis 2. Tendency to favor an arm or leg
3. Dizziness and vertigo 3. Staggering
4. Unusual fatigue/weakness 4. Coughing spasms
5. Skin itch 5. Collapse
6. Shortness of breath 6. Unconsciousness
9. What is the primary reason divers get decompression illness.
Diver error
10. Explain how to minimize the risk of decompression sickness.
Use all decompression devices and tables (including the RDP)

accurately and never dive to their limits.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Deep

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Descent
• Briefing • Timed Task on Bottom
• Timed Task on Surface • Depth Gauge Comparisons at Depth
• Assembling and Positioning • Guided Tour (time/air pressure permitting)
Emergency Equipment • Ascent and Safety Stop
• Suiting Up • Debrief
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• Entry Training Record

Name ___________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review Level Two –

Digital Underwater Photography
Answer the following questions and hand them in to your instructor for review.
1. Which of the following format characteristics apply to JPEGs? (Check all that apply.)
■ a. compressed
q b. used mainly for printing photos
■ c. less quality than other formats
q d. unprocessed image data
q e. slow to write
2. What four settings affect exposure? (Check all that apply.)

■ a. aperture
q b. housing type
■ c. ISO
■ d. shutter speed
■ e. exposure compensation
3. Why do you need to be cautious about using your LCD monitor to assess your exposure under-
water? (Check all that apply.)
■ a. LCD screens tend to have high contrast.
■ b. LCD screens look more bright/colorful in dim conditions.
■ c. LCD screens may be hard to see in bright conditions.
4. What characteristics would you expect from a photograph with this histogram?
q a. underexposed
■ b. overexposed
q c. flat
q d. contrasty
5. What do you do if your histogram shows you your picture is too bright or too dark?
■ a. Adjust the exposure compensation, or use a different aperture or shutter speed if the
camera is on manual.
q b. Forget it and go elsewhere.
q c. Fix it in post processing.
6. Why is negative space important to good composition?

q a It prevents the image from having any tone or feeling.
■ b. It balances the subject in the image.

7. To use the Rule of Thirds (check all that apply):
■ a. mentally divide the frame into thirds both vertically and horizontally.
q b. keep your subject away from these lines or where they intersect.
■ c. put your subject on these lines or where they intersect.
8. What helps you get good results from built-in flash underwater? (Check all that apply.)
■ a. Only use built-in flash in very clear water.
q b. Don’t use the white balance.
■ c. Use a flash diffuser if your housing accepts one.
q d. Stay at least 3 metres/10 feet from your subject.
9. Where do you place an external strobe for good results?

q a. Place an external strobe directly next to the lens.
q b. Place an external strobe to the side and well below the subject.
■ c. Place an external strobe away from the camera at an approximately 45º angle to the
side or slightly above camera level.
10. What is the first thing you do after downloading your images?
q a. Adjust their quality.
q b. Email them to a friend.
■ c. Back them up to a separate medium.
Student Statement: Any questions I answered incorrectly or incompletely I have had explained to
me, and I understand what I missed.
Signature_________________________________________________________________Date______________
Adventure Dive: Digital Underwater Photography

Skills Overview
• Briefing • Practice composition through choice of
• Assemble and test camera equipment subject, subject positioning, negative
space and other compositional elements
• Gearing Up
• Demonstrate use of the PADI SEA Method
• Predive Safety Check
by using the LCD monitor and/or histo-
• Enter the water safely protecting gram to evaluate exposure, sharpness and
camera system composition
• Demonstrate care for the environment and • Ascent – Safety Stop
avoid damaging it
• Exit the water safely protecting
• Practice getting proper exposure, contrast camera system
and sharpness by using and controlling shut- • Debrief
ter, aperture, EV control, focus and flash
• Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• Practice getting good color by using white Training Record
balance, flash, filters and wide angle lenses

Name ________________________________________________ Date ________________
Knowledge Review – Diver Propulsion Vehicle

To the student diver: Answer the following questions and bring this knowledge review to your next
training session.
1. List two advantages of using a DPV.
1. You can cover significantly more area on a dive.

2. DPVs reduce exertion and air consumption.
2. What are five features common to all DPVs?
1. Thrust control/trigger mechanism

2. Propeller and housing
3. Handles
4. Battery access
5. Buoyancy characteristics
3. Explain why is it important to secure your DPV when traveling by boat?
If the DPV slides or rolls, this could damage the unit, other
equipment or cause injury.
4. What is a good guideline when using battery power or air supply to determine a
turnaround point for a dive?
The rule of thirds ‑ 1/3 air/power to reach your destination, 1/3 to

return and 1/3 for reserve.
5. True or False. In extreme situations, you may need to abandon your DPV.
True
6. True or False. When using a DPV, a diver should never exceed an ascent rate of 18 metres/60
feet per minute.
True
7. List two suggestions/recommendations for avoiding propeller entanglements and obstructions.
1. Keep all buckles, lanyards, hoses and other equipment firmly

secured and away from the propeller.
2. Be careful when maneuvering around areas with heavy
aquatic vegetation.

8. True or False. Riding tandem while diving with a DPV is neither a common nor acceptable
procedure.
False
9. Explain the procedures entries from shore when using a DPV.
Hold the vehicle in a way that the throttle control can not be
accidentally engaged. Do not operate vehicle until you are in the
water deep enough for it to tow you without obstruction from the
bottom (usually about chest deep). Be sure to keep prop shroud
completely below the surface of the water to prevent cavitation.
10. What are two things a diver can do to avoid damaging aquatic life while using a DPV?
1. Be aware of your fin position at all times when maneuvering

around fragile aquatic life.
2. Avoid disturbing the bottom. Sand or silt not only decreases
visibility, but can damage aquatic life and clog the propeller.
Name __________________________________________________ Date _________________
Adventure Dive: Diver Propulsion Vehicle

Skills Overview
• DPV Preparation • Tandem Riding
• Briefing • Parking
• Equipment Preparation • Towing a DPV
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) • Underwater Tour
• Appropriate Entry with DPV • Appropriate Ascent with DPV
• DPV Use at Surface • Appropriate Exit with DPV
• Appropriate Descent with DPV • Post Dive Procedures
• Riding Steady and Level • Debrief
• Adjusting Depth • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• Turning Training Record

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Drift Dive

1. List and explain four advantages and four considerations for drift diving.
Advantages:
1. Requires little effort
2. Allows diving even when strong currents exist
3. Can see more area
4. Don’t have to return to a specific exit point
Considerations:
1. Exit and entry must be coordinated
2. Extra vigilance in maintaining buddy contact
3. Coordination of surface support and supervision
4. Must be done where there’s a long extensive bottom
2. Explain why it’s recommended that you have some form of surface supervision for most forms
of drift diving.
Can lend assistance if necessary and if an emergency arises.

3. List seven considerations that should be part of planning a drift dive.
1. Surface conditions and current intensity

2. Depth and visibility
3. Dive objective
4. Number and size of dive teams
5. Diver experience levels
6. Bottom topography
7. Availability of surface support
4. Describe the difference between a buoyant and a negative drift diving entry, and explain when
you would use each.
Buoyant entry: Enter water with BCD partially inflated; used when
problem solving must be done at the surface prior to entry.
Negative entry: Enter water with BCD empty; used when dive must
begin on a small site.
5. Explain the procedure for descending with a float so that a group stays together on a drift dive.
Follow line down, using it as a visual guide. Maintain buddy con-

tact, don’t drop straight down. If having trouble equalizing follow
line up until problem is cleared, then follow it down. Swim around
divers having trouble descending.

6. Describe several techniques used to stay with the group during the underwater tour portion of
a drift dive.
Stay up-current from group leader/line handler. Watch for his

signals and if he stops, maintain position by swimming into cur-
rent or holding on.
7. Describe how to ascend as a group and as individual buddy teams. Explain when buddy
teams may ascend individually from a group drift dive.
Group ascent: Ascent begins when first diver signals low on air or
when planned bottom time is reached. Group makes normal as-
cent ahead of group leader/line handler. Make safety stop.
Individual buddy team ascent: Make a normal ascent and safety
stop. Individual ascents may be used when conditions are good
and with experienced divers.
8. Describe the procedures for safely exiting the water onto a boat after a drift dive.
Stay together with the group. Don’t swim toward boat until di-
rected to do so by crew. Keep clear of boarding ladder until it’s
your turn.
9. Explain how to avoid exhaustion in a current.
Keep exertion below levels that induce heavy breathing. Underwa-

ter, stay at or near the bottom. Don’t fight the current. At sur-
face inflate BCD and rest.
10. Define “being lost” in the context of drift diving, and how you might rejoin the group if you
were “lost.”
You’re lost when you can’t see the float line or the dive group –
even if you’re with your buddy. Look for the group for no more than
one minute before ascending. Look for group float and bubbles.
Student Diver Statement: I’ve completed this Knowledge Review to the best of my ability and
any questions I answered incorrectly or incompletely I’ve had explained to me, and I under-
stand what I missed.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Drift

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Drift Dive for Fun and Pleasure
• Gearing Up • Exit
Training Record
• Group Descent

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Dry Suit Dive

1. Explain why even mild hypothermia can be a problem for divers, and how to avoid it.
It interferes with clear thinking, saps away strength and endur-

ance. To avoid, always wear adequate thermal protection before,
during and after a dive.
2. How do you check for proper weighting when diving in your dry suit?
Wearing dry suit, undergarment and all regular equipment, you

should float at eye-level while holding a normal breath with an
empty BCD. When you exhale, you should sink.
3. Why is it important to not dive with an excessively tight neck seal?
Can cause carotid sinus reflex, which results in changes in your

heart rate and possible unconsciousness.
4. How do you attain positive buoyancy at the surface, attain and maintain neutral buoyancy
underwater, and prevent dry suit squeeze when dry suit diving?
At the surface, add air to BCD, not dry suit. Underwater, if you’re
wearing a shell dry suit add air to the dry suit to adjust for neu-
tral buoyancy. Underwater, if you are wearing a neoprene dry suit
or if you are wearing a dry suit for tec diving, add air to your buoy-
ancy compensator to adjust for neutral buoyancy. Add a little air
to your dry suit on descent to prevent dry suit squeeze.
5. Describe how to add air to your dry suit while underwater.
Short, light bursts of air.

6. How do you vent air from your dry suit while underwater?
In a feet-down position, vent air through the exhaust valve

regularly and gently.

7. What should you do if you become too buoyant due to excess air in your suit?
Disconnect inflator valve hose (if it started the problem).

Immediately dump air from exhaust valve or by pulling the neck or
wrist seals open – flair body while dumping air to create drag.
8. How do you cope with too much air in your dry suit legs/feet?
Rapidly tuck into a ball while rolling on to your back – dump air im-
mediately if needed.
9. What should you remember about breathing if caught in a runaway or rapid ascent?
Be sure not to hold your breath during the ascent

10. List what you should do if your dry suit floods.
Terminate dive immediately. Use BCD to regain buoyancy – drop

weights if necessary. Service your dry suit if necessary.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Dry Suit

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF)
• Entry
• Controlled descent
• Neutral Buoyancy – Fin Pivot
• Neutral Buoyancy – Hover
• Dry Suit Dive for Fun and Pleasure
• Ascent – Safety Stop
• Scuba Unit and Weight System Removal and Replace at Surface
• Exit
• Debrief
• Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive Training Record

•Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Enriched Air Dive

1. What is the primary purpose for using enriched air nitrox?
To extend the no stop limits beyond the normal air no stop limits.
2. How does using enriched air well within air no decompression limits affect safety?
It has no significant effect on safety, provided enriched air procedures are

followed.
3. What five potential drawbacks does enriched air have that air does not?
1. Potential for oxygen toxicity.

2. Special equipment.
3. Availability.
4. Proper gas blending and handling.
5. Somewhat more complex dive planning.
4. What are the requirements and recommendations for scuba equipment (other than cylinders)
used with enriched air with up to 40% oxygen?
Regular scuba equipment may be used with any modifications specified by

the manufacturer. Follow all manufacturer recommendations. Oxygen com-
patible lubricants and o-rings are generally recommended. Follow local laws
and regulations.
5. Why does enriched air diving require a dedicated cylinder, and what color coding, stickers and
tags should an enriched air cylinder have?
• Dedicated cylinder is required to prevent confusion with air cylinders, and to

ensure it is oxygen compatible if it will be used for partial pressure blending.
• Yellow cylinders: 10 centimetre/4 inch green band with yellow/white “Enriched
Air” or similar.
• Nonyellow: 15 centimetre/6 inch band; yellow 2.5 centimetre/1 inch band at
top and bottom, center 10 centimetre/6 inch green with yellow/white “En-
riched Air”, or similar.
• Dated annual visual inspection sticker for enriched air use. Contents sticker
or tag.
• Any markings required by local law.
6. What are the two primary concerns associated with filling enriched air cylinders, and how are
they avoided?
Two primary concerns: 1) fire/explosion hazard and 2) percentage of oxygen

in the blend.
To avoid concerns, always have an enriched air cylinder filled only by an en-
riched air blender, even if you want only air in it, and analyze your blend.

7. How do you recognize qualified enriched air blenders and enriched air service?
Look for: 1) gas quality verification, 2) proper procedures, cylinder markings,
analysis and record keeping and 3) documentation.
8. What are the maximum and contingency oxygen partial pressure limits?
• Maximum oxygen partial pressure limit is 1.4 ata.
• Contingency oxygen partial pressure limit is 1.6 ata.
9. What is the primary hazard of exceeding oxygen exposure limits, what six signs and symp-
toms may precede this hazard, and what should you do if you experience any of the signs and
symptoms?
• Primary hazard - a convulsion underwater caused by oxygen toxicity, leading
to drowning and a fatal accident.
• Warning signs for oxygen toxicity include: 1) visual disturbances, includ-
ing tunnel vision; 2) ear ringing or other sounds; 3) nausea; 4) twitching or
muscle spasms, especially in the face; 5) irritability, restlessness, euphoria
or anxiety; and 6) dizziness.
• If you experience symptoms, ascend immediately and end the dive.
10. Identify who must personally verify the analysis of the oxygen content in an enriched air cyl-
inder before it is used, state the maximum allowable variation in oxygen content, and explain
what must be done if the variation is greater.
• Diver who will use the cylinder must personally verify the oxygen content.
• Enriched air must be within 1% of the desired oxygen content.
• If the blend is more than 1% off, the diver must either recalculate the EADs
and oxygen exposure based on the actual oxygen percentage, or have the
cylinder refilled with the desired blend.
11. What action should you take if a diver is suspected of having decompression illness after a
dive using enriched air?
Administer 100% oxygen and first aid as necessary. Activate local emer-
gency medical services. Contact Divers Alert Network office that serves the
area. Inform medical personnel that the diver used enriched air, and provide
blend, depth and time.
Adventure Dive: Enriched Air

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Predive Safety Check
• Practical Application – analyze enriched • Entry
air cylinder • Descent
• Complete contents sticker/tag and fill log • Dive within planned depth and time limits
• Dive Planning – calculate maximum • Ascent – Safety Stop
depth and time, and set dive computer • Debrief
• Briefing
• Gear Up Training Record

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Multilevel & Computer Dive

1. Describe how no-decompression limits are determined.
Through the actual results of manned dives.

2. Because people vary in their physiology and susceptibility to decompression sickness, no
table or computer can guarantee decompression sickness will never occur, even when
diving within its limits.
3. Describe how you should ascend when diving with any table or computer.
Ascent should be no faster than 18 metres/60 feet per minute

(slower if specified by computer or table) with a three minute
safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet.
4. Why should a dive requiring a decompression stop be the last, and preferably only, dive of the
day?
Mathematical decompression models can’t adequately predict the

combination of a repetitive dive with a decompression dive.
5. List eight rules that apply to computer diving.
1. Stay within the computer’s limits.

2. When multilevel diving – start deep, work shallower.
3. Control rate of ascent – 18 metres/60 feet or slower.
4. Make a safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet for three minutes.
5. Take a 60 minute surface interval between dives.
6. Limit repetitive dives to 30 metres/100 feet or shallower.
7. Watch air supply.
8. Beware of predisposing factors leading to decompression
sickness – dive conservatively.
6. List the three pieces of dive equipment for any multilevel dive (in addition to the regular gear
you need for the local environment).
1. The eRDPML
2. Depth gauge
3. Timer

7. List three potential hazards of multilevel diving.
1. Hypothermia
2. Running out of air
3. Disorientation
8. What are the two common mistakes to avoid while multilevel diving, with and without a com-
puter?
1. Sharing a computer
2. Sawtooth diving
9. What three considerations do you include in planning a multilevel dive?
1. Topography
2. Air supply
3. Contingency plans
10. You can use the eRDPML to estimate the time your computer will allow on a first dive
and repetitive dives.
11. Describe what to do if your computer fails during a dive.
Immediately stop dive and make a normal ascent to 5 metres/15

feet. Make a safety stop for as long as your air supply permits.
Do not dive again for 24 hours.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Multilevel and Computer

Skills Overview
• Briefing – Plan Dive with the eRDPML and (optional) Computer
• Gearing Up
• Entry
• Descent to Deepest Depth-Level
• Ascent to Second Depth-Level
• Exit
• Debrief

Knowledge Review – National Geographic Dive
After reading the National Geographic Diver Almanac, please answer the following questions:
1. What unifies adventure, conservation, and exploration in diving?
Education
scientific and
2. The National Geographic Society is one of the world’s largest nonprofit
educational institutions that supports vital exploration, conservation, research,
and education programs.
3. The National Geographic Society’s current focus is guided by a keen awareness that our
need protection
natural resources and that better educating youngsters is key to the
planet’s future.
4. The worldwide PADI organization is dedicated to: (choose all that apply)
■ a. quality diver education programs
■ b. preserving the aquatic environment
■ c. protecting our underwater cultural heritage
■ d. diver safety
5. Diving on a wreck provides an opportunity to: (choose all that apply)

■ a. delve into the past and learn about maritime history
■ b. explore an artificial aquatic life habitat
❑ c. collect ancient souvenirs and salvage sunken maritime history treasures
❑ d. safely swim into an overhead environment
6. As a diver, you can help protect the world’s coral reefs by: (choose all that apply)
■ a. Controlling your buoyancy and securing your equipment to avoid accidental contact
■ b. Using a camera to bring back memories and leaving everything else in place
■ c. Not purchasing souvenirs made from coral or any endangered species
■ d. Choosing resorts and tour operators that follow good environmental practices
7. What issues most affect the stability of marine mammal populations?
Fishing and hunting practices, oil spills, plastic garbage, pollution,

and noise pollution
8. True or False? Sharks are key predators that play a vital role in balancing the complex aquatic
food chain and need to be protected.
■ True ❑ False

9. List at least four activities that divers enjoy at freshwater dive sites.
1. Artifact collecting
2. Visiting submerged structures or forests
3. Drifting down rivers
4. Ice diving
5. Aquatic life identification
10. In the future, underwater scientists hope to discover: (choose all that apply)
■ a. the origins of life – history and evolution
■ b. new medicines
■ c. new energy sources
■ d. how to more effectively conserve the aquatic world
Adventure Dive: National Geographic

Skills Overview
• Weight System Assembly
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Buoyancy Check
• Descent – Neutral Buoyancy
• Hover
• Exploration Project
• Exit
• Debrief

Name ___________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Night Dive

1. What’s the recommendation regarding the use of new or unfamiliar equipment on a night
dive?
When possible, avoid using unfamiliar equipment on night dives.

2. List three uses for marker lights and where you would attach them for those uses.
1. Marking buddy’s location - on tank valve, snorkel, etc.

2. Marking boats/buoys - on anchor line, swim step, etc.
3. Marking ascent/descent lines - float, mid-line, near bottom, etc.
3. Describe what to consider when evaluating a potential night dive site.
Dive familiar sites; try to dive the site the day before the night dive.
Night dive when conditions are good
4. What are the six environmental conditions you should avoid when night diving?
1. Moderate to high surf

2. Moderate to strong currents
3. Poor visibility
4. Thick kelp – or other entanglements
5. Heavy surge
6. Overhead environments
5. What are four general night diving planning considerations?
1. Prepare equipment ahead of time in daylight

2. Eat a proper meal a few hours before the dive
3. Dive with familiar buddies
4. Bring a nondiver friend
6. Briefly describe what you should do if you experience stress, light failure, buddy separation or
disorientation while night diving.
a. Stress: Stop, think and then act; breathe slow, deep and regular
b. Light failure: Switch to backup light and signal your buddy

c. Buddy separation: Look for glow of buddy’s light; search for one
minute, then surface
d. Disorientation: Without a reference line, hold on to your buddy, hug self,
watch your bubbles or look for the bottom in the visibility allows.
7. Briefly describe the procedures for entering the water at night from a boat and from shore.
Predive safety check: check lights and backups. From boat: check entry
area, turn on light, enter water, signal “okay.” Clear entry area. From
shore: check entry area with light, stay close to buddy, move quickly
through surf, be cautious where you step. Swim when water is deep
enough.
8. Describe the proper technique for descending and ascending at night so as to avoid disorienta-
tion and undue stress.
Use a reference line for both descent and ascent. Descend feet-first
pointing light downward to watch for bottom. During ascent, point light
upward watching above, swim slowly (18 metres/60 feet per minute or
slower).
9. List the methods of communication while night diving.
Rapping on tank. Waving light or moving light in a predetermined pat-

tern. Gently touch your buddy. Shining light on hand signals at waist
level. Using a slate. Using a whistle on the surface.
10. Briefly describe the navigation techniques to use at night to avoid disorientation and loss of
direction.
Dive site during the day. Before descent, take a compass heading to
shore or back to boat. Keep navigation patterns simple. Don’t stray far
from entry/exit and reference line.
Student Diver Statement: I’ve completed this Knowledge Review to the best of my abil-
ity and any questions I answered incorrectly or incompletely I’ve had explained to me,
and I understand what I missed.
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ________________
Adventure Dive: Night

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Navigation Exercise
• Briefing • Guided Tour (time/air pressure permitting)
• Suiting Up • Ascent – Safety Stop
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) • Exit
• Entry • Debrief
• Descent • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• Acclimatization on the Bottom Training Record

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Peak Performance Buoyancy

1. Using the Basic Weighting Guidelines, estimate the amount of weight (based on your present
body weight), you want to begin a buoyancy check with if you plan to use:
a. Neoprene dry suit, 12 l/80 cf cylinder in salt water: (Varies)

b. 7mm/1/4in wetsuit with hood and boots, 12 l/80 cf cylinder in fresh water: (Varies)
c. 3mm/1/16in one piece wet suit, steel tank in salt water: (Varies)
2. Under what three circumstances should you conduct a buoyancy check before diving?
1. When I change dive equipment

2 When I change diving environments
3. When I haven’t been diving for a while
3. A buoyancy check at the surface includes five steps. Arrange the following into order by put-
ting a 1 next to the first, a 2 next to the second and so on.
5 As a test, exhale. You should sink slowly.

3 Hang vertical and motionless while holding a normal breath.
1 Put on all equipment.
2 Enter water too deep to stand, and deflate your BCD (and dry suit) completely.
4 Add or subtract weight until you float at eye level while holding a normal breath.
4. Select those instances in which you need to adjust buoyancy during a dive.
■ To compensate for buoyancy changes as you use your air.
■ To compensate for buoyancy changes due to exposure suit compression.
❑ To begin an ascent.
■ To compensate for increased buoyancy during ascent.
5. When you’re neutrally buoyant, you rise slightly as you inhale and sink slightly as you
exhale.
6. Proper weight and distribution give you greater control in the water.
7. List four reasons for being streamlined while diving.
1. Encourages an efficient kicking style

2. Provides comfort
3. Reduces energy needed to move
4. Keeps equipment off the bottom
8. True or False. Overweighting drags down the lower half of your body, so you want to avoid be-
ing overweighted.
True
9. To improve your buoyancy control, visualization techniques can help you:
(Check all that apply.)
■ relax.
■ establish a comfortable breathing pattern.
■ move more gracefully through the water.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Peak Performance Buoyancy

Skills Overview
• Briefing
• Assembly of weight system
• Visualization practice
• Gearing Up
• Entry
• Predive buoyancy check
• Neutral buoyancy during slow descent
• Hovering practice
• Fine-tune with breath control
• Maneuver close to bottom – no touching
• Buoyancy game
• Ascent – safety stop
• Post-dive buoyancy check
• Exit
• Debrief

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Search & Recovery Dive

1. Describe a recreational search and recovery diver.
Recreational search and recovery divers use simple equipment

to find small to medium objects within recreational depths and
environments.
2. List the six potential hazards of search and recovery diving.
1. Sharp objects and debris

2. Entanglement
3. Low visibility
4. Currents
5. Sinking recovered objects
6. Boat traffic
3. List the five general steps in planning a search and recovery dive.
1. Define objective
2. Collect and analyze information
3. Choose scuba or snorkel
4. Select a buddy or team
5. Briefing
4. Briefly describe when to use an expanded square and a U search pattern.
Expanded Square: Well-suited for finding medium-sized objects

missing in rough terrain in calm water.
“U” Search: Well-suited for finding small or larger objects primarily
in calm water over flat, unobstructed bottoms.
5. Briefly describe when to use and how to execute a circular rope search.
Useful for finding a small object in a small area, over a flat

bottom (even currents). One buddy stays in center, acts as pivot.
Searcher has other end of rope and swims circle around pivot
looking for object.

6. Explain why you should never use your BCD for lifting objects.
Excess buoyancy could cause a runaway ascent if object is

dropped or breaks free.
7. Identify the weight at which use of a lift bag become mandatory.
4 kilograms/10 pounds
8. List three reasons why commercially-made lift bags should be used for recovering underwater
objects.
1. Constructed from heavy-duty materials

2. Have exhaust valves
3. Have loops, slings for rigging
9. Explain the procedures for controlling, rigging and lifting an object while using a lift bag.
Rig the bag to the object using a bowline, sheet bend or two half-
hitches knot. Attach marker buoy. Use alternate air source to fill
lift bag – use just enough air to lift off bottom for neutral buoy-
ancy. Position self away from bag – not under it during ascent.
10. Identify which air source should you use to filling a lift bag?
Alternate air source

Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Search and Recovery

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Small Area Search
• Briefing • Large Area Search
• Practice Search Patterns on Land • Rigging and Lifting an Object – Ascent
• Practice Object Rigging on Land and Safety Stop
• Suiting Up • Exit
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) • Debrief

Training Record
• Descent

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Underwater Naturalist

1. Define the terms “ecology” and “ecosystem.”
Ecology:
Study of the interrelationship of living things and their

environment.
Ecosystem:
The complex of living things and their environment functioning

as a unit.
2. List three physical/structural differences between aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial
ecosystems.
(Answers vary)
3. What’s the most common cause of aquatic animal “attacks”?
Defensive reactions
4. Describe an accurate view of potentially dangerous aquatic animals.
Animals rarely attack unprovoked. They do not attack out of

malice. Because we are vulnerable in the water, aquatic animal
attacks seem worse than they are. (answers may vary)
5. List four inaccurate ways people may perceive aquatic animals.
1. As dangerous and harmful

2. As harmless – much like domestic animals
3. As nonliving, inanimate objects
4. As having human characteristics
6. Explain how to interact passively with aquatic organisms.
Actions having least effect on aquatic life. Avoid touching and

handling, riding, spearfishing, gathering and feeding aquatic life.
Secure dangling equipment and use good diving techniques.

7. Explain how and when you can responsibly touch or handle aquatic organisms.
May be done by those experienced with a particular organism.

Action should not interrupt its natural behavior.
8. Explain why you shouldn’t ride aquatic animals.
There are no circumstances in which it benefits the animal.

9. Why should divers avoid feeding aquatic animals?
Feeding aquatic animals disrupts normal behaviors. It causes

them to associate humans with food, and they may stop feeding
on natural prey. It can cause the fed species to overpopulate, and
to lose their natural fears. Animals can get sick from eating un-
natural foods, or suffer internal blockages by eating plastic con-
tainers.
10. Describe the dive techniques to use to preserve bottom dwelling organisms and to minimize
disturbing all aquatic life.
Stay neutrally buoyant – off the bottom in a horizontal position.

Minimize fin movement – use them gently. Rise off bottom to
kick hard.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Underwater Naturalist

Skills Overview
• Briefing
• Gearing Up
• Entry
• Descent
• Identification of Aquatic Plant Life
• Identification and Observation of Aquatic Invertebrate Animals
• Identification and Observation of Aquatic Vertebrate Animals
• Exit
• Debrief

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Underwater Navigation

1. List five benefits of learning to navigate underwater.
1. Reduce confusion and anxiety.

2. Avoid long surface swims at the end of a dive.
3. Increase effectiveness of planning a dive.
4. Avoid buddy separation.
5. Conserve air.
2. Describe how to estimate distance with kick cycles and with elapsed time.
Kick cycles:
Each time both your legs complete one fin stroke.
Elapsed time:
Measure how long it takes to cover a fixed distance. Swim at a
normal relaxed pace preferably timing with a digital or sweep
second hand stopwatch.
3. List four predive observations that can assist you with natural navigation.
1. Waves, currents and tidal movement

2. Sun angle
3. Offshore objects and formations
4. Fathometer readings
4. Describe how to descend so as to benefit natural navigation.
Feet-first; facing the direction you intend to travel

5. What six natural references can help you navigate during a dive?
1. Light and shadows

2. Water movement
3. Bottom composition and formations
4. Bottom contour
5. Plants and animals
6. Noise

6. To maintain an accurate heading, describe how to hold and swim with an underwater com-
pass.
Hold compass squarely in front. Keep lubberline centered with

body’s centerline, looking over the compass face. Keep compass
level and needle inside the index marks on the bezel.
7. Describe how to set a compass heading and how to set a reciprocal heading.
a. Setting a heading:
Point lubberline in desired direction of travel, rotate bezel
until index marks are set over compass needle.
b. Setting a reciprocal (return) heading:
First turn bezel so that the index marks are 180 degrees from
original heading. Next, turn your body so the compass needle
centers between index marks.
8. List several tips for using your compass.
Trust the compass. Use natural references. Practice on land. Allow

for effects of currents. Be prepared to navigate around obstacles.
Share responsibilities midwater. Understand the limits. Swim
slowly.
Name _________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Adventure Dive: Underwater Navigation

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Navigate a Straight Line and its Reciprocal
• Compass Use on Land Underwater Using a Compass
• Briefing • Navigate a Square Pattern Underwater

Using a Compass
• Suiting Up
• Exit
• Entry
• Debrief
• Descent
• Distance/Time-Estimation Swim
Training Record
• Navigate a Straight Line Underwater
Using Natural Navigation Techniques

Name ___________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Underwater Photography

1. List six ways to overcome light loss and four ways to overcome color loss underwater:
Light loss:
1. Take pictures with sun overhead
2. Take pictures in clear, bright water
3. Use a strobe
4. Use high-speed film
5. Take pictures in shallow water
6. Get close to subject
Color loss:
1. Get close
2. Stay shallow
3. Use a color-correcting filter
4. Use a strobe
2. Define “depth of field” and explain the relationship between aperture and depth of field.
How much of the scene, from front to back, is in focus. The smaller
the aperture (high f/number) the greater the depth of field.
3. Write three equivalent exposures for the two examples provided.
f/16 at 1/60 = f/11 at 1/125 = f/8 at 1/250 = f/5.6 at 1/500

f/8 at 1/30 = f/5.6 at 1/60 = f/4 at 1/125 = f/2.8 at 1/250
4. Describe how to set a nonautomatic light meter and how to program the electronics of an au-
tomatic camera for proper exposures.
Nonautomatic:Set film ISO number, set desired shutter speed and

match meter needle by turning f/stop.
Automatic: Change ISO settings or use provided controls.
5. Explain how to bracket exposure with nonautomatic and automatic cameras.
Nonautomatic: Vary shutter speeds or f/stops or strobe distance.

Automatic: Change ISO settings or use provided controls.

6. Describe the differences between a TTL strobe and a manual strobe, and explain how to set a
camera for proper exposure with each.
TTL strobe couples with camera’s electronic automatic exposure

device. Manual strobes have no automation. Set camera on “A”
to get proper exposure with a TTL strobe. Manual strobe requires
camera set at synchronization speed (1/60 or 1/90) and f/stop
set by test roll data or exposure guide.
7. Describe the best way to aim a strobe, and how to hold a camera to avoid blurring and paral-
lax error.
Aim strobe on bracket (for new photographers). Positioned off

to side from 45 degree angle. Steady camera with both hands,
squeeze trigger slowly and steadily.
8. Define “photographic composition” and describe basic principles for better composition.
The arrangement of objects in a photograph. Image completeness,

clear foreground, clear background, subject direction, subject posi-
tion and complimentary colors are basic principles.
9. Describe the recommended five-step procedure for removing, inspecting, cleaning, lubricating
and replacing an O-ring.
Remove O-ring – without sharp objects. Wipe clean – using soft

cloth and inspect. Lubricate O-ring – thin coat. Clean groove. Re-
seat O-ring carefully.
10. The most important step in caring for underwater photo equipment is to rinse it in cool
fresh water immediately after a dive.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Underwater Photography

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Expose a Complete Roll of Film (macro or still-life photos)
• Prepare and Assemble Underwater • Exit
Camera System • Debrief
• Gearing Up • Post-Dive Care and Disassemble Underwater
• Predive Safety Check Camera System
• Entry • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive Training Record
• Descent

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Underwater Videography

1. Explain why the combination of a wide angle lens and dome port gives you the best sharpness,
color and focus.
Dome allows wide lens to stay wide, you get close and reduce
amount of water light travels through preserving sharpness and
color. Wide lenses have great depth of focus, so you don’t need to
focus it much or at all.
2. What is the best general angle for all-round underwater videography?
Get close to and slightly below your subject, shooting with an up-
ward angle.
3. List four common errors to avoid while shooting underwater videos:
1. Failing to hold the shot.

2. Holding a shot too long.
3. Moving the camera rapidly.
4. Shotgun videotaping everything without thought.
4. Describe how to prepare and check an underwater video system.
[The answer will be specific to the system to some degree, but

should include maintaining O-rings and settings for focus, expo-
sure and filters.] Check by operating all functions and immersing
and watching for bubbles or moisture in the housing.
5. Describe post-dive care for an underwater video system.
Immediately immerse the system in fresh water, agitating gently

for 30 seconds to 1 minute. If making another dive, change the
battery and tape if needed, and maintain O-rings. If not, disas-
semble and store in a cool, safe place.
6. Explain how to enter/exit the water with a video system.
From boats, have someone hand you the system after you enter,
or suspend if from a line to retrieve after you enter. You can also
put it on the swim step. After the dive, hand the system up, put
on the line for retrieval after you’re aboard, or put on the swim
step. From shore, use a wrist lanyard and cover the lens port. Do

not set the system down in the sand. If conditions are bad, don’t
take the system diving.
7. Explain how video systems may affect buoyancy, drag and air consumption.
They may make you more buoyant or less buoyant, and they add
drag. This can make you use your air faster as you swim around
with the system.
8. How often should you check your gauges when shooting underwater videos?
You should check your air, depth, time and direction about twice
as often when diving with a video system as when diving without
one.
9. What should you do with a video system in a diving emergency, such as having to assist a
buddy who’s out of air?
In an emergency, ditch the video system.

10. Explain what to do if a video system has a major flood, and why.
Make a normal ascent. There is no urgency because a flooded

camcorder is usually beyond repair.
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Underwater Videographer

Skills Overview
• Video system preparation • holding takes five to twelve seconds,
• Briefing depending on subject – all shots
• Gearing Up • camera motion very slow and steady
• Predive Safety Check all camera moves
• Entry – retrieve video system • checking depth, time, air supply and
location frequently – throughout dive
• Descent
• maintaining proper buoyancy
• Shooting with video system (assigned or
– throughout dive
student-selected subjects; all students
• Ascent
should practice each of the following)
• standing • Safety stop
• sitting • Exit
• kneeling • Post dive procedures
• lying • Video system disassembly
• swimming • Debriefing and review video
• holding steady – at all times • Log Dive – Complete Adventure Dive
• staying close to subjects, using upward angle Training Record

Name _______________________________________________________________ Date ______________
Knowledge Review – Wreck Dive

1. List two reasons why artifact recovery is discouraged when wreck diving.
1. Wrecks that are stripped are much less interesting.

2. Historical wrecks must be left undisturbed for research
purposes.
2. Explain why divers must pay close attention to local laws before planning a wreck dive.
A permit may be required and it may be illegal to either dive on the

wreck or remove artifacts.
3. Describe how to avoid the following potential hazards common to wrecks:
Sharp objects:
Wear protective coverings and use good buoyancy control.
Entanglement:
Watch where you go, avoid swimming into or under potential
entanglement, carry a knife
4. List five dive planning and equipment considerations for wreck diving deeper than 18
metres/60 feet.
1. PADI Deep Diver training

2. Extra tank at 5 metres/15 feet
3. Nitrogen narcosis
4. Short time limits
5. Become trained as a PADI Enriched Air Diver
5. List two reasons for obtaining a local orientation to an unfamiliar wreck before diving on it.
1. Dive techniques vary on wrecks

2. Unique hazards or points of interest
6. Explain why special training and equipment are necessary for shipwreck penetration. In your
explanation, include the five hazards of entering a wreck.
Special training is necessary because it is extremely hazardous.

You can lose direction, there’s no direct access to surface,
restricted passages, falling objects and silt.

7. List three aspects of a wreck that should be evaluated when diving on it.
1. Possible hazards
2. Points of interest
3. General condition
8. Describe the three methods of navigating on a shipwreck.
1. Following the wreck’s layout

2. Feature reference
3. Using a base line
Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _______________
Adventure Dive: Wreck

Skills Overview
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Descent
• Navigating the Wreck
• Returning to Ascent Point
• Exit
• Debrief

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Overview Training Recommendations

This section outlines the open water For most Adventure Dives, you will
training requirements specific to need to prepare equipment or coordi-
each Adventure Dive. Information nate features of the dive in advance
about the dives is divided into four to ensure that student divers can meet
segments: dive objectives. An example of this
• General Open Water is placing an object to find and lift
Considerations — standards during the Search and Recovery Dive
and recommendations specific to and making sure lift bags and lines
the Adventure Dive. are ready.
• Skills Overview — list of dive Consider the following tips and sug-
skills for easy reference. gestions as you prepare for and then
conduct open water training activi-
• Performance Requirements
ties:
— specific to each skill and
1. When possible, have certified
stated as instructional objectives.
assistants help with
• Recommended Training organization
Sequence and Techniques and training.
— explanation and suggestions Assign logisti-
for organizing and conducting cal duties to staff n
sociatio
skills during the dive. and review emer- ro fe s s ional As uctors
P g Instr
gency protocols. of Divin

The duties assigned to certified Selecting Training Locations
assistants may change depending Choose sites that are appropriate for
on Adventure Dive requirements. the particular specialty dive and allow
Reference the individual dives for all dive performance requirements
suggestions. to be met. Review specific Adventure
2. If appropriate, coordinate activities Dive recommendations as you evalu-
with other support/safety person- ate and choose dive sites. Locations
nel (boat captains/crew, lifeguards, should also represent areas divers may
police, etc.). return to after training is completed.
3. Check that you and/or student div- When conducting several Adven-
ers have all specialty equipment ture Dives with student divers, use as
necessary to meet performance many different training locations as
requirements. Consider having possible. Variety and exploring new
back up equipment available and sites under your guidance is one rea-
have emergency equipment (first son divers continue training.
aid kit, oxygen, etc.) onsite, as
appropriate. When possible, use
an anchored reference line with a
surface float to centralize activities,
provide support and facilitate the
completion of various descent and
ascent skills.
4. Involve student divers in
dive planning activities.
Ask them to apply what
they have learned and
have them assist with
equipment prepara-
tion. Besides
completing
tasks spe-
cific to the
Adventure
Dive, student divers
should also:
• Consult the Recreational Dive
Planner.
• Agree on a dive plan with a
buddy
• Conduct a predive safety check
(BWRAF)
• Log the dive
5. Follow safe diving practices and
counsel staff to set a good example
for student divers. Avoid the do as I
say, not as I do syndrome.
6. Encourage divers to fine-tune their
buoyancy control skills on every
Adventure Dive.
7. If time, air supplies, and conditions
allow it, suggest that student divers
extend each dive with a tour.
3-2 Three: Adventure Dives

Adventure Dive: Altitude
General Open Water Considerations
1. For the purpose of training, altitude is defined as ranging from 300
to 3000 metres/1000 to 10,000 feet above sea level.
2. Student divers must plan and conduct the Altitude Dive using the
special altitude rules and procedures for the Recreational Dive
Planner.
3. When conducting this dive at altitudes between 300-2400 metres/1000-8000
feet, it is recommended that student divers wait six hours after arrival at
altitude before diving. At altitudes between 2400-3000
metres /8000-10,000 feet, student divers must wait a
Skills Overview minimum of six hours before diving.
• Knowledge Review 4. Due to the nature of altitude diving, be aware of poten-
tial problems caused by elevation and cooler tempera-
• Briefing tures, such as hypothermia and hypoxia.
• Suiting Up 5. If student divers intend to drive to higher altitude after
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) the dive, such as crossing a mountain pass, plan ac-
cordingly. Refer to the flying after diving guidelines.
• Entry
6. Student divers should ascend no faster than 9 metres
• Descent /30 feet per minute. Also, have student divers conduct
• Depth Gauge Comparisons a safety stop prior to surfacing. Remember, safety stop
depth (theoretical) is determined by the dive’s altitude.
• Tour
7. For the depth gauge comparison at depth exercise, have
• Ascent – Safety Stop as many types of depth gauges available as possible
• Exit — computers, capillary depth gauge, different types of
bourdon tube depth gauges, etc.
• Debrief
8. Have student divers perform a buoyancy check and
• Log Dive – Complete Adventure adjust their weights, especially if they are using thicker
Dive Training Record exposure protection than usual or do not regularly dive
in fresh water.
Performance Requirements
By the end of this dive, the student diver will be able to:
1. Calculate a no decompression profile for the theoretical depth
and altitude at which the dive will take place, using the Recre-
ational Dive Planner.
2. Execute a descent using a reference as a tactile or visual guide
(line or sloping bottom).
3. Compare a depth gauge to the instructor’s and/or other student
diver’s depth gauges.
4. Use a depth gauge and timing device (or dive computer) to mea-
sure an ascent rate that is not faster than 9 metres/30 feet per
minute.
5. Perform an ascent using a reference as a tactile or visual guide
(line or sloping bottom).
6. Perform at least a three-minute safety stop at a theoretical depth
of 5 metres/15 feet before surfacing.

Recommended Training
Sequence and Techniques
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 8. Tour — time/air pressure permit-
Knowledge Review questions from ting
the Altitude Diving section of the 9. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
Adventures In Diving manual or S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
Multimedia dive.)
2. Briefing — Review how to perform a. Control buoyancy during
altitude no decompression calcula- ascent — ascent should not
tions, descent and ascent instruc- exceed 9 metres/30 feet per
tions, and buoyancy control. minute. Determine ascent rate
3. Suiting Up using depth gauge and timer
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF or dive computer.
5. Entry b. Perform a safety stop — at
6. Descent least three minutes at a theo-
retical depth of 5 metres/15
a. Note time and tank pressure.
feet.
b. Control buoyancy – descend no
10. Exit
faster than buddy, assistant or
11. Debrief — Review RDP use and
instructor.
the special rules for calculating no
c. Maintain buddy contact.
decompression altitude dives. Dis-
d. Use reference line as a tactile
cuss comparison of personal depth
or visual guide (descend feet
gauge with other depth gauges.
first when possible).
Emphasize the need to enroll in an
e. Equalize air spaces.
Altitude Diver Specialty course.
f. Demonstrate anti-silting tech-
12. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
niques near bottom.
Dive Training Record
7. Depth Gauge Comparisons
— Have student divers write down
readings on their slate: instructor’s,
buddy’s, own, etc.

Adventure Dive:
AWARE - Fish Identification
1. The AWARE - Fish Identification Dive familiarizes divers with common fish
families and species found in the local area.
a. If student divers have previous fish watching experience, this dive may
focus on collecting fish survey data that could be submitted to organiza-
tions, such as the REEF Fish Survey project.
b. If student divers have little previous experience, it’s recommended that
you concentrate on basic fish identification techniques.
2. Encourage students to carry fish identification slates/
Skills Overview field guides, if available for the local area, and have
reference materials on hand at the dive site. This allows
divers to quickly verify that their observations are cor-
• Slate Preparation rect.
• Briefing 3. Emphasize that student divers should interact responsi-
bly with aquatic life by maintaining neutral buoyancy,
• Suiting Up
avoiding unnecessary contact, securing dangling equip-
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) ment and moving slowly to minimize disturbing the
• Entry aquatic life.
4. Have certified assistants help with predive and postdive
• Descent
activities, and underwater supervision. Assistants can
• Observe and Identify Fish Fami- help divers find particular fish, identify them, and point
lies out unique behaviors and interesting interactions.
• Record Sightings Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum
depth for 10-11 year olds is 12 m/40 ft. You must directly supervise
• Sketch/Describe Unfamiliar Fish
young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1 with no more than two of the
• Ascent – Safety Stop four divers being 10-11 years old.
• Exit
• Use Reference Materials to Iden-
tify Unfamiliar Fish
• Debrief
• Log Dive – Complete Adventure
1. Identify fish by placing them in appropriate family groups, and
identify specific species when possible.
2. Record sightings on a slate, including abundance and habitat
information when possible.
3. Draw diagrams and describe characteristics of unfamiliar fish,
then attempt to determine their identities after the dive.
4. Demonstrate appropriate and responsible diving practices and
behaviors to minimize negative environmental effects.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss c. Maintain buddy contact.
Knowledge Review questions from d. Use reference line as a tactile
the AWARE - Fish Identification or visual guide (descend feet
Diving section of the Adventures In first when possible).
Diving manual or Multimedia e. Equalize air spaces.
2. Introduce student divers to fish f. Demonstrate anti-silting tech-
common to the local area. If pos- niques near bottom.
sible, show photos or videos of 8. Identify fish families and species
the fish species divers are likely to 9. Record sightings on slate
see and have reference materials 10. Sketch and describe unfamiliar fish
available for review. 11. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
3. Briefing – Evaluate conditions and S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
review interesting and helpful dive.)
facts about the dive site. Discuss 12. Exit
appropriate fish watching tech- 13. Use reference materials to identify
niques and responsible behavior to unfamiliar fish
protect the environment. 14. Debrief – Discuss fish observed and
4. Suiting Up and Equipment Prepa- explain how student divers may
ration – Prepare underwater slates build “life list” of their sightings.
and fish identification field guides. Emphasize the need to enroll in an
5. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF AWARE - Fish Identification Spe-
6. Entry – Appropriate for environ- cialty course.
ment 15. Log dive – Complete Adventure
7. Descent Dive Training Record
a. Note time and tank pressure.
instructor.

Adventure Dive: Boat
1. Vessels used to conduct this dive may range from small inflatables to large,
live-aboard charter boats. When possible, dive from a boat that student div-
ers are most likely to dive from again in the future.
2. Orient student divers to the boat and discuss proper boat diving etiquette,
common boat terminology, specific boat diving entries and exits, local boat
diving laws and overview of the vessel’s safety and emergency equipment.
3. Be sensitive to potential problems with seasickness.
4. If appropriate for the vessel, have student divers assist with basic boating
duties — securing lines or the anchor, using the radio, docking assistance,
rigging the diver down flag for display, etc.
Skills Overview 5. When possible, have student divers conduct the safety
stop on a weighted line or safety stop bar hanging from
• Knowledge Review the boat, or on the anchor line.
• Briefing Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum
• Suiting Up depth for 10-11 year olds is 12 m/40 ft. You must directly supervise
young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1 with no more than two of the
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) four divers being 10-11 years old.
• Boat Diving Entry

• Descent
• Tour
• Ascent - Safety Stop
• Boat Diving Exit
• Stow Equipment
• Debrief
• Log Dive — Complete Adventure
1. Identify the following areas of the specific boat being used for
the dive: bow, stern, starboard, port, entry area, exit area and
area to stow dive equipment.
2. Locate important emergency/safety equipment aboard the boat
(such as: first aid kit, oxygen, life preservers, dive flag, radio and
fire extinguisher).
3. Perform a proper entry, specific to the type of dive boat being
used for the dive.
4. Perform a safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet for at least three
minutes.
5. Perform a proper exit, specific to the type of dive boat being used
for the dive.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 8. Ascent — Safety Stop
Knowledge Review questions from a. Control buoyancy during
the Boat Diving section of the ascent — remember S.A.F.E.
Adventures In Diving manual or (Slowly Ascend From Every
Multimedia. dive.)
2. Briefing — Review proper boat b. If available, ascend using a
diving etiquette, common boat reference line.
terminology, specific boat diving c. Maintain buddy contact.
entries and exits, local boat diving d. Perform a safety stop at 5
laws and overview of the vessel’s metres/15 feet for at least three
safety and emergency equipment. minutes. Point out specific ar-
3. Suiting Up eas near the boat to make the
safety stop — weighted stop
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF
lines, safety stop “bars”, etc.
5. Boat Diving Entry — Have student
9. Exit — Have student divers make
divers make an entry specific to
an exit specific to the type of boat
the type of boat being used.
being used.
6. Descent — At Anchor or While
10. Stow Equipment — On most boats
Drifting
this is an important postdive activ-
a. At anchor – have student
ity.
divers use the anchor line for
11. Debrief — Review specific naviga-
descent or a nearby reference
line. tion techniques needed to stay
near the boat and specific entries
b. When drift diving – discuss
specific techniques and proce- and exits. Emphasize the need to
dures. enroll in a Boat Diver Specialty
7. Tour — Take student divers on a course.
guided tour or allow them to dive 12. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
independently with a buddy. Em- Dive Training Record
phasize the need to navigate (us-
ing compass or natural references)
and return to the boat in a relaxed
state.

Adventure Dive: Deep
(required for Advanced Open Water Diver certification)

1. Do not conduct the Deep Adventure Dive as the first or second dive
of the program.
2. For the purpose of training, a deep dive is defined as a dive conducted be-
tween 18 to 30 metres/60 to 100 feet. The maximum depth is 30 me-
tres/100 feet and for Junior Divers (12-14 years old) the maximum
depth is 21 metres/70 feet.
3. A Teaching status PADI Instructor must accompany student divers
at a maximum ratio of eight student divers to one instructor — 8:1.
The instructor must be in the water directly supervising the diving
activities. The ratio may not be increased with the use of certified
assistants.
4. It is recommended that you have certified assistants help with in-water activi-
ties. You may have an assistant accompany the first buddy team down the
reference line and organize the group as others descend. Another assistant
could remain on the boat/shore to administrate the check-in and check-out
procedures and assist student divers.
5. Student divers must plan the dive using the Recreational Dive Plan-
ner or their personal dive computers, and conduct the dive within
the limits of their plan.
6. Due to the nature of deep diving, be aware of potential problems, such as hy-
pothermia, nitrogen narcosis, buoyancy control in deep water, student diver
anxiety and stress.
7. When possible, have student divers descend and as-
Skills Overview cend using a reference line as a visual or tactile guide.
This helps with control and may decrease student
• Knowledge Review diver anxiety while in midwater.
• Briefing
8. For the depth gauge comparison exercise,
• Color Change on Surface have as many types of
• Assembling and Positioning depth gauges available
Emergency Equipment as possible — comput-
(if appropriate) ers, capillary depth
gauge, different types
• Suiting Up
of bourdon tube depth
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) gauges, etc.
• Entry 9. For the color change
• Descent comparison, choose a
• Color Change on Bottom red, orange, pink or
yellow object, so that
• Depth Gauge Comparisons the color change is
• Tour obvious between the
• Ascent — Safety Stop surface and bottom.
• Exit
• Debrief

1. Execute a descent using a reference as a tactile or visual guide
(line, wall or sloping bottom).
2. Compare changes in color on the surface and at depth.
3. Compare your own depth gauge to the instructor’s and/or other
student diver’s depth gauges.
4. Use a depth gauge and timing device (or a decompression com-
puter with an ascent-rate indicator) to measure an ascent rate
not to exceed 18 metres/60 feet per minute.
5. Perform a three-minute safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet before sur-
facing.
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss d. Use reference line as a tactile or
Knowledge Review questions from visual guide (descend feet first
the Deep Diving section of the when possible).
Adventures In Diving manual or e. Equalize air spaces.
Multimedia. 9. Color Change on Bottom — Note
2. Briefing — Review how to perform color of object on the bottom.
no decompression calculations and 10. Depth Gauge Comparisons At Depth
descent/ascent procedures. Dis- — Have student divers write down
cuss the dive’s limiting factors (air readings on their slates: instructor’s,
supply and/or time). Ask student buddy’s, own, etc.
divers to note how increased air 11. Tour — time/air pressure permitting.
density affects air consumption. 12. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
3. Color Change on Surface — For S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
comparison, have student divers dive.)
note the color of an object on the a. Control buoyancy and determine
surface ascent rate using depth gauge/
4. Assembling and Positioning Emer- timer or dive computer.
gency Equipment — Have student b. Perform a safety stop — at least
three minutes at 5 metres/15 feet.
divers help prepare any surface
Demonstrate use of emergency
floats, reference lines and emer-
decompression breathing equip-
gency decompression breathing ment, if applicable.
equipment (if appropriate). 13. Exit
5. Suiting Up — make sure student 14. Debrief
divers have a slate with no decom- a. Compare – surface
pression depth and times labeled, and underwater.
an RDP, a timing device/depth b. Discuss differences/similarities
gauge or dive computer. of personal depth gauge with
6. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF instructor’s and buddy’s.
7. Entry c. Compare air consumption of
8. Descent deep dives versus shallow dives.
a. Note time and tank pressure. d. Discuss limiting factor on dive —
b. Control buoyancy – descend no was it time or air supply?
faster than buddy, assistant or e. Emphasize the need to enroll in a
instructor. Deep Diver Specialty course.
c. Maintain buddy contact. 15. Log Dive — Complete Adventure

Adventure Dive:
Digital Underwater Photography
Skills Overview 1. The Digital Underwater Photography Dive
• Knowledge Review must be conducted as Dive Two of the PADI
• Assemble and test camera Digital Underwater Photographer Specialty
equipment course.
• Briefing and Suiting Up 2. You must conduct the Digital Photography
Workflow Workshop as part of the Digital
Underwater Photographer Specialty. Consider
• Entry protecting camera system conducting this workshop after Dive Two.
• Avoid damaging environment 3. Stay shallow for both light and time. Divers will
• Practice proper exposure, con- learn more if they can take 60 images at 6 me-
trast and sharpness by using tres/20 feet than if they dive to 30 metres/100 feet
and controlling shutter, aper- and only have time to shoot 10.
ture, EV control, focus and flash 4. Conduct the dive in the clearest water possible.
However, be sure divers adjust their shooting tech-
• Practice getting good color by niques to the conditions encountered.
using white balance, flash, 5. Choose an interesting dive site with a variety of
filters and wide angle lenses aquatic life and objects to photograph.
• Practice composition through 6. Emphasize safe diving practices. Caution divers to
choice of subject, subject po- avoid getting so distracted that they lose buddy con-
sitioning, negative space and tact and forget to monitor air supplies during the
other compositional elements dive.
• Demonstrate use of the PADI 7. Promote environmentally-friendly photography.
SEA Method by using the LCD Remind divers to maintain environmental aware-
monitor and/or histogram to ness and good buoyancy control to avoid damaging
evaluate exposure, sharpness aquatic life
and composition 8. Before the dive, show divers sample pictures to emu-
late. Have them try to replicate a similar shot with
• Exit protecting camera system
respect to lighting, angle, focus, etc.
• Postdive Procedures
9. If possible, have certified assistants help with pre-
• Debrief dive and postdive activities. Assistants can help with
• Log dive – Complete Adventure camera preparations, serve as photo subjects and
Dive Training Record supervise diver entries and exits.

1. Independently assemble and test camera equipment prior to the
dive.
2. Enter the water safely wearing snorkeling or scuba equipment in
a manner that protects the camera system from damage.
3. Dive with an underwater photo system demonstrating care for
the environment and techniques that avoid damaging it.
4. Practice getting proper exposure, contrast and sharpness by using
and controlling (as appropriate to the camera system) shutter,
aperture, EV control, focus and flash.
5. Practice getting good color by using (as appropriate to the cam-
era system) white balance, flash, filters and wide angle lenses.
6. Practice composition through choice of subject, subject position-
ing, negative space and other compositional elements.
7. Demonstrate use of the PADI SEA Method by using (as appropri-
ate to the camera system) the LCD monitor and/or histogram to
evaluate exposure, sharpness and composition.
8. At the end of the dive, exit the water safely in a manner that pro-
tects the camera system from damage.
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 7. Underwater Skills Practice – Dem-
Knowledge Review questions from onstrate and have divers prac-
the Digital Underwater Photogra- tice camera handling and photo
pher Manual. composition techniques, making
2 Camera Preparation – Guide stu- adjustment as necessary through-
dent divers through specific cam- out dive.
era assembly, sealing and testing. 8. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
3. Briefing – Evaluate conditions, S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
review entry/exit techniques and ery dive.) Control buoyancy, moni-
photo objectives. tor ascent rate while handling
4. Suiting Up and Predive Safety camera.
Check — BWRAF 9. Exit Protecting Camera – Appropri-
5. Entry Protecting Camera – Appro- ate for environment
priate for environment 10. Postdive procedures – Review cam-
6. Descent era maintenance procedures
a. Note time and tank pressure. 11. Debrief – Discuss performance and
b. Control buoyancy – descend no results.
faster than buddy, assistant or 12. Log dive – Complete Adventure
instructor. Dive Training Record
d. Equalize air spaces.

Adventure Dive:
Diver Propulsion Vehicle (DPV)
Skills Overview 1. The DPV Dive teaches basic handling and maneu-
• Knowledge Review vering techniques for using a diver propulsion ve-
• DPV Preparation hicle. It’s recommended that you personally demon-
• Briefing and Suiting Up strate the skills and supervise the diver practice.
2. If possible choose a dive site with a relatively flat
bottom. This provides an even contour to follow and
• Appropriate entry with DPV
helps student divers avoid rapid ascents and de-
• DPV Use at Surface scents.
• Appropriate Descent with DPV 3. Caution student divers about rapid descents and
• Riding Steady and Level ascents with a DPV. You may want to have them do
• Adjusting Depth normal descent/ascents (nonDPV assisted) for this
• Turning dive.
4. Involve student divers in dive planning activities.
• Tandem Riding
Discuss entry and exit techniques with the Diver
• Parking Propulsion Vehicle (DPV). Advise student divers to
• Towing a DPV carefully consider which procedures they will use.
• Tour 5. Have students prepare their DPVs and determine
• Appropriate Ascent and Exit their turnaround points under your guidance.
with DPV 6. If possible, have certified assistants help with pre-
• Postdive Procedures dive and postdive activities. Assistants can help with
vehicle preparations and supervise student diver
• Debrief
entries and exits.
• Log dive – Complete Adventure
1. Demonstrate appropriate predive preparation of the DPV used in
course.
2. Demonstrate an effective water entry with a DPV for the condi-
tions present.
3. Demonstrate how to operate a DPV while at the surface, includ-
ing proper body position, preventing clogging the propeller, snor-
keling under power and riding in tandem with a buddy.
4. Demonstrate how to make a proper descent with a DPV.
5. Demonstrate underwater maneuvering, including a straight,
steady course while gradually changing depth, and making pivot
and banking turns.
6. Demonstrate the ability to maintain proper buddy contact while
using a DPV.
7. Demonstrate the ability to follow safety guidelines and recom-
mendations previously discussed while using a DPV.
8. Demonstrate how to make a proper ascent and exit the water
when using a DPV based on the conditions present.
9. Demonstrate the proper post-dive maintenance of the DPV used
in course.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 8. Underwater Skills Practice – Dem-
Knowledge Review questions from onstrate and have divers practice
the DPV Diving section of the steady, level riding, adjusting
Adventures In Diving manual or depth, turning, tandem riding,
Multimedia. parking, and vehicle failure proce-
2 DPV Preparation – Guide student dures.
divers through specific DPV assem- 9. Tour – time/air supply permitting
bly, sealing and testing. 10. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
3. Briefing – Evaluate conditions, S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
review entry/exit techniques and ery dive.) Control buoyancy, moni-
DPV skills. tor ascent rate while handling DPV
4. Suiting Up and Predive Safety (consider having students conduct
Check — BWRAF normal, nonDPV assisted assents)
5. Entry – Appropriate for environ- 11. Exit – Appropriate for environment
ment 12. Postdive procedures – Review ve-
6. DPV Use at the Surface – Dem- hicle maintenance procedures
onstrate and have divers practice 13. Debrief – Discuss DPV performance
basic operating techniques, snor- and navigation with DPV. Empha-
keling under power, and riding size the need to enroll in a DPV
tandem. Diver Specialty course.
7. Descent 14. Log dive – Complete Adventure
a. Note time and tank pressure. Dive Training Record
instructor.

Adventure Dive: Drift
1. Consider conducting the Drift Dive from a boat because this is the most com-
mon application and easiest option.
2. It’s a good idea to drift with a highly visible float and line when appropriate
for the environment. The float allows boaters to see the group’s location and
the line is a reference for student divers during descents, ascents and safety
stops.
3. If possible, have certified assistants available to help supervise divers. Assign
an assistant to handle the dive float and line (if used).
4. Explain the entry/exit procedures and descent/ascent techniques student div-
ers will use on the dive. Also discuss the importance of maintaining buddy/
group contact during the dive.
Skills Overview
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Group Descent
• Tour
• Ascent - Safety Stop
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Perform an entry, specific to the particular environmental condi-
tions and plan for the drift dive.
2. Maintain dive buddy contact specific to the particular environ-
mental conditions and dive plan.
3. Maintain neutral buoyancy during the drift dive, avoiding unin-
tended and/or destructive contact with the bottom.
4. Perform a safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet for at least three min-
utes prior to surfacing from the drift dive.
5. Perform an exit, specific to the particular environmental condi-
tions and plan for the drift dive.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 7. Tour — control buoyancy and
Knowledge Review questions from maintain contact with group
the Drift Diving section of the 8. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
Adventures In Diving manual or S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
Multimedia. ery dive.)
2. Briefing — Review specific descent a. Follow procedures for dive
and ascent techniques, drift diving plan.
entries and exits, buddy contact b. Control buoyancy and moni-
and the need for maintaining neu- tor ascent rate. Use float line if
tral buoyancy throughout the dive. appropriate.
3. Suiting Up c. Perform a safety stop — at
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF least three minutes at 5
5. Entry — Appropriate for the en- metres/15 feet.
vironmental conditions and dive 9. Exit — Appropriate for the envi-
plan. ronmental conditions and dive
6. Group Descent — Appropriate for plan.
the environmental conditions and 10. Debrief — Review specific drift
dive plan. diving techniques and procedures.
a. Note time and tank pressure. Emphasize the need to enroll in a
b. Control buoyancy – descend no Drift Diver Specialty course.
faster than buddy, assistant or 11. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
c. Maintain buddy/group con-
tact.

Adventure Dive: Dry Suit
1. Student divers who have never used a dry suit must complete a con-
fined water dry suit training session prior to making the Dry Suit
Dive (see Section One regarding the performance requirements for
this session). This session allows beginning dry suit divers to practice impor-
tant skills and adjust buoyancy.
Skills Overview 2. Student divers must be accompanied by ei-
• Knowledge Review ther a Teaching status Instructor at a maxi-
mum ratio of eight student divers to one
• Briefing
instructor — 8:1, or by a certified assistant
• Suiting Up at a maximum ratio of four student divers
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) to one certified assistant — 4:1.
• Entry 3. Student divers must wear a BCD during the
Dry Suit Adventure Dive.
• Buoyancy Check with Dry Suit
4. Have student divers orient themselves to their dive
• Descent
buddy’s dry suit system (specifically knowing how
• Neutral Buoyancy — Pivoting to add and vent air).
• Neutral Buoyancy — Hovering 5. Evaluate the appropriateness of each student
• Tour diver’s insulation garment (if worn). Student divers
• Ascent - Safety Stop should use the correct amount of insulation for the
water temperature.
• Scuba Unit And Weights
Remove/Replace At Surface 6. Stress the importance of proper weighting. Student
divers should be able to make a safety stop at 5
• Exit metres/15 feet at the end of the dive
• Debrief 7. During the briefing, remind divers about prevent-
• Log Dive — Complete Adventure ing suit squeezes during descent and adjusting the
Dive Training Record air volume in their suits to control buoyancy.
1. Put on and remove a dry suit with the aid of another diver.
2. Adjust the amount of weight needed to be neutrally buoyant (float
at eye level) at the surface, while maintaining a full breath and
when both the dry suit and BCD are completely vented of air.
3. Perform a controlled descent, avoiding suit squeeze.
4. Demonstrate neutral buoyancy by pivoting on the fin tips, or when
appropriate, another point of contact for one minute.
5. Maintain neutral buoyancy near the bottom by hovering (without
kicking or sculling) for one minute.
6. Maintain neutral buoyancy during the dive and avoid accidentally
kicking up silt or touching the bottom.
7. Perform a neutrally buoyant ascent from the bottom, at a rate no
faster than 18 metres/60 feet per minute.
8. Perform a safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet for at least three minutes.
9. Remove and replace, on the surface, both the scuba unit and
weight system.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss of contact for one minute using
Knowledge Review questions from breath control.
the Dry Suit Diving section of the 8. Neutral Buoyancy while Hover-
Adventures In Diving manual or ing — Have student divers adjust
Multimedia. for neutral buoyancy and hover
2. Briefing — Review buoyancy con- motionless for one minute near the
trol techniques. bottom.
3. Suiting Up 9. Tour — Control buoyancy
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF. 10. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
Watch for zippers left open. S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
5. Entry – Appropriate for environ- ery dive.)
ment. a. Control buoyancy and moni-
6. Descent tor ascent rate. Use float line if
a. Note time and tank pressure. appropriate.
b. Control buoyancy – descend no b. Perform a safety stop — at
faster than buddy, assistant or least three minutes at 5
instructor. metres/15 feet.
c. Add air to avoid suit squeeze. 11. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
d. Use reference line as a tactile ment.
or visual guide (descend feet 12. Debrief — Review specific dry suit
first when possible). diving techniques. Emphasize the
e. Equalize other air spaces. need to enroll in a Dry Suit Diver
7. Neutral Buoyancy while Pivot- Specialty course.
ing — Have student divers adjust 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
for neutral buoyancy and pivot Dive Training Record
on their fin tips or another point

Adventure Dive: Enriched Air
1. To conduct this dive, you must be a PADI Enriched Air Specialty In-
structor.
2. Student divers must be at least 15 years old.
3. Divers must complete a Liability Release and Assumption of Risk
Agreement (Statement of Risks and Liability) for Enriched Air (Ni-
trox) Diving.
4. Maximum depth is 30 metres/100 feet or
PO2 of 1.4 ata for the blend — whichever is
Skills Overview shallowest.
• Knowledge Review 5. Maximum allowable enriched air oxygen
• Practical Application – analyze content is 40 percent.
enriched air cylinder 6. If student divers have not participated
• Complete contents sticker/tag and in Enriched Air Diver course knowledge
fill log development and have not completed the
Enriched Air Diver Knowledge Review, you
• Dive planning – calculate maxi-
must present the Enriched Air Dive Today
mum depth and dive time, and set
briefing prior to the dive.
enriched air dive computer
7. Direct supervision by an Enriched Air
• Briefing
Instructor is required when divers have
• Gear Up not completed Enriched Air Diver course
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) Knowledge Development Sections 1 and 2
and are not diving with personal enriched
• Entry
air computers.
• Descent
8. Student divers must complete the Enriched
• Dive within planned depth and Air Diver course Practical Application 1
time limits prior to their first enriched air dive. You
• Ascent – Safety Stop may conduct practical application as part of the
predive briefing and preparation.
• Debrief
9. If conducting Dive 2 from the Enriched
Air Diver course, student divers must have
complete Knowledge Development Sec-
tions 1 and 2 and Practical Application 2
prior to the dive.
10. If possible, have divers use enriched air dive computers. Supervise student
divers as they set their enriched air dive computers and confirm cor-
rect settings.
11. If making the dive without enriched air dive computers, provide
and review the dive plan, maximum depth, no
stop limits and use of the tables for accuracy.
12. Have buddy teams use the same enriched
air blend when possible. This gives each
diver approximately the same limits.
Emphasize the need to adhere to the most
conservative limits and to carefully moni-
tor depth, time and gas consumption.

1. Demonstrate how to use an oxygen analyzer to determine the
oxygen content in an enriched air blend.
2. Demonstrate how to verify cylinder content data and sign the
fill log.
3. Execute a dive within the no stop limits, maximum depth and
oxygen exposure limits established during predive planning.
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 5. Briefing — Review the need to
Knowledge Review questions from adhere to the most conservative
the Enriched Air Diver Manual - Sec- limits, particularly if buddies are
tion 1 or from the Enriched Air using different enriched air blends.
Dive Knowledge Review in this Remind divers to carefully moni-
guide. tor their pressure gauge because
2. Practical Application — Show longer no stop limits may mean
student divers how to analyze that gas consumption becomes
enriched air with oxygen analyzers the dive’s limiting factor.
and flow restrictors. Have divers 6. Gear Up
practice using the analyzer on dif- 7. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF
ferent cylinders. All divers should 8. Entry – appropriate for environ-
personally analyze one or more ment.
cylinders as well as watch each 9. Descent
other. 10. Dive within planned depth and
3. Complete contents sticker/tag time limits
and fill log — Have divers con- 11. Ascent to Safety Stop Depth. Re-
firm that their cylinder is properly member S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend
marked and the contents sticker/ From Every dive.)
tag includes their name and the a. Control buoyancy and monitor
maximum depth for the blend. ascent rate.
Also, have student divers practice b. Perform a safety stop — at
completing and signing an en- least three minutes at 5
riched air fill log. metres/15 feet.
4. Dive Planning — Have divers cal- 11. Exit – appropriate for environ-
culate, or calculate for them, the ment.
maximum depth, planned depth 12. Debrief — Confirm that divers
and no stop limits for the dive. stayed within planned limits.
If using enriched air computers, Emphasize the need to complete
supervise divers as they set their the Enriched Air Diver Specialty
computers and verify correct set- course to dive independently with
tings. enriched air.

Adventure Dive:
Multilevel and Computer
1. For the purpose of training, a multilevel dive is defined as a dive that
starts at the deepest depth and progresses to shallower depths to
a maximum of three depth levels (although only two levels are used for
this Adventure Dive).
2. Student divers must use the eRDPML to plan the Multilevel Dive
and stay within the maximum no decompression limits calculated
using the eRDPML. Divers may use dive computers to monitor the dive. En-
courage them to compare the eRDPML calculations to the dive profile allowed
by their computers.
3. The two recommended depth-levels for the Multilevel Dive are 18 metres/60
feet and 12 metres/40 feet. If you plan to conduct dives deeper than 18 me-
tres/60 feet, it’s recommended that student divers have previous deep diving
experience.
4. Choose a dive site with a bottom topography that has
two appropriate depth levels. The site should allow stu-
Skills Overview dent divers to stay above the planned depth levels while
• Knowledge Review providing something to look at and explore.
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Descent to Deepest Depth
• Ascent to Second Depth
• Ascent to Safety Stop
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Calculate the no decompression limits of a two depth-level dive
using the eRDPML.
2. Execute a no decompression, two depth-level dive that begins
with a direct descent to the deepest level, progresses to the sec-
ond depth level, followed by a direct ascent to 5 metres/15 feet
for at least a three minute safety stop.
3. Ascend between depth levels at a rate not to exceed 18 me-
tres/60 feet per minute using a depth gauge and timing device
or dive computer.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss c. Equalize air spaces.
Knowledge Review questions from d. Stay at this depth for planned
the Multilevel Diving section of time.
the Adventures In Diving manual or 7. Ascend to Second Depth-Level.
Multimedia. a. Note time and tank pressure.
2. Briefing — Provide student divers b. Ascend no faster than 18 me-
with the two depth-levels and ask tres/60 feet per minute.
them to perform the multilevel, c. Maintain buddy contact.
no decompression limit calcula- d. Stay at this depth for planned
tions with the eRDPML. Remind time.
student divers to use these limits 8. Ascent to Safety Stop Depth. Re-
during the dive even if their dive member S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend
computer allows more time. When From Every dive.)
students use a dive computer for a. Control buoyancy and monitor
this Adventure Dive, review spe- ascent rate.
cific manufacturer’s instructions to b. Perform a safety stop — at
assure an understanding of their least three minutes at 5 me-
unit. tres/15 feet.
3. Suiting Up 9. Exit – Appropriate for environ-
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF ment.
5. Entry – Appropriate for environ- 10. Debrief — Review multilevel diving
ment. procedures and discuss variations
6. Descent to Deepest Depth-Level in dive computers. Emphasize the
a. Note time and tank pressure. need to enroll in a Multilevel Diver
b. Control buoyancy – descend no Specialty course.
faster than buddy, assistant or 11. Log Dive — Complete Adventure

Adventure Dive:
National Geographic
1. To conduct this dive, you must work through a PADI National Geo-
graphic Dive Center.
2. Consider scheduling a confined water dive to allow divers to practice buoy-
ancy skills and better prepare for their open water adventure.
3. Select a dive site that is familiar to the divers, if possible, and allows them to
easily enter and exit the water while making weighting adjustments.
4. Well before the dive decide what aspect of the dive site will be the focus of
their Exploration Project and which media they will use to create the final
project. Encourage divers to gather as much background information as pos-
sible to help them identify animals, plants, and features while underwater.
5. Organize any equipment (slates, measuring devices,
Skills Overview cameras, lines, marker buoys, thermometers, etc.) nec-
• Knowledge Review essary to complete the Exploration Project.
• Weight System Assembly 6. If possible during the dive, point out places where each
• Briefing hovering technique may be useful.
• Suiting Up 7. Reference the PADI National Geographic Diver Instruc-
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) tor Guide for additional tips and suggestions.
• Entry Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum
• Buoyancy Check young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1 with no more than two of
• Descent – Neutral Buoyancy the four divers being 10-11 years old.
• Hover
• Exploration Project
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Rig a weight system distributing the weight for comfort and trim.
2. Adjust for proper weighting – float at eye-level at the surface with
an empty BCD and while holding a normal breath.
3. Make a controlled, slow descent to the bottom and adjust for neu-
tral buoyancy using the BCD.
4. Adjust weights (trim) and practice hovering in different positions
– horizontally, feet slightly elevated and head slightly elevated.
5. Complete the Exploration Project that includes gathering informa-
tion and/or images and creating a visual representation of the dive
site detailing special features.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss d. To hover feet slightly elevated,
Knowledge Review questions from remind divers that any air in
the National Geographic Diver Alma- the top of their BCDs needs to
nac. shift to the bottom. Sometimes
2. Weight System Assembly — Have this requires starting by kick-
student divers estimate the ing down slightly to shift into a
head lower position.
amount of weight needed for the
dive. Emphasize proper positioning e. To hover head slightly elevated,
encourage divers to arch their
and distribution of weights.
back slightly to keep their chest
3. Briefing — Review buoyancy con-
high and also point their toes
trol and hovering techniques. Dis- for better control.
cuss how the Exploration Project 11. Exploration Project — Student div-
will be completed. ers focus on an interesting aspect of
5. Suiting up the dive and record what they find.
a. Depending on the particular
7. Entry — Appropriate for environ- project, have divers survey,
ment. measure, record, map, sketch,
8. Buoyancy Check — Student divers photograph and/or videotape
add or subtract weight as needed the chosen dive site feature.
to float at eye level on the surface b. Encourage divers to explore
with the BCD completely deflated. and broaden their awareness.
9. Descent 12. Ascent – Safety Stop. Remember
a. Note time and tank pressure. S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
b. Begin by exhaling and con- dive.)
trol buoyancy – descend no a. Control buoyancy and monitor
faster than buddy, assistant or ascent rate.
instructor. b. Perform a safety stop — at least
c. Equalize air spaces. three minutes at 5 metres/15
10. Hovering — Student divers adjust feet.
for neutral buoyancy and hover in 13. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
three different positions. ment.
a. If appropriate, start by doing a 14. Debrief – Discuss buoyancy control
fin pivot. and hovering techniques. Explain
b. Emphasize the use of breath how divers will complete their Ex-
control to make minor depth ploration Projects and turn in their
adjustments. visual representations.
c. To hover horizontally, remind 15. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
divers to keep their hands in Dive Training Record.
close to their body and to point
their toes to better control their
leg position.

Adventure Dive: Night
1. For the purpose of training, night is considered any time between
sunset and sunrise.
2. Student divers must be accompanied by either a Teaching status In-
structor at a maximum ratio of eight student divers to one instruc-
tor — 8:1, or by a certified assistant at a maximum ratio of four
student divers to one certified assistant — 4:1.
3. Student divers must each have an underwater
light and a whistle. A backup light and chemical/
Skills Overview marker lights for every diver is also recommended.
4. When possible, conduct the Night Dive at a dive site
that student divers have explored during daylight
• Briefing hours. This helps decrease diver anxiety and aids in
• Suiting Up navigation.
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) 5. The recommended maximum depth for the Night Dive
is 18 metres/ 60 feet.
• Entry
6. Involve student divers in dive planning activities and
• Descent have them assist with placing shore/boat surface lights
• Acclimatization On the Bottom and underwater orientation lights (chemical lights,
• Navigation Exercise strobe beacons, etc.).
7. Due to the nature of night diving, pay attention to
• Tour
student diver anxiety, stress levels and equipment pre-
• Ascent — Safety Stop paredness.
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Execute a descent using a line or sloping bottom as a reference.
2. Demonstrate how to communicate with hand signals and dive
lights while night diving.
3. Demonstrate the proper use of a personal dive light, submers-
ible pressure gauge, compass, timing device and depth gauge at
night.
4. Navigate to a predetermined location using a compass/natural
features and return to within 8 metres/25 feet of the starting
point, surfacing for orientation only if necessary.
5. Demonstrate proper buddy procedures by maintaining buddy
contact throughout the night dive.
6. Perform an ascent using a line or a sloping bottom as a refer-
ence.

Recommended Training a. Rest and relax.
Sequence and Techniques b. Look for bottom hazards
(aquatic life and sharp ob-
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss jects).
Knowledge Review questions from c. Communicate with their
the Night Diving section of the buddy.
Adventures In Diving manual or d. Neutralize buoyancy.
Multimedia. e. Identify the instructor and/or
2. Briefing — Ask student divers to certified assistants.
note how the night environment f. Check depth, time and tank
affects performance, perception, pressure.
and anxiety/stress level. Also have 8. Navigation Exercise
them watch for changes to the en- a. Using a compass and/or
vironment and aquatic life. Have natural features, student divers
them focus on: navigate to a predetermined
location (approximately 30
a. Air-consumption rate.
metres/100 feet away) and re-
b. Differences in the ability to
turn to within 8 metres/25 feet
perceive time, depth or dis-
of the starting point.
tance.
b. Surface for orientation only if
c. Communication underwater.
necessary.
d. Buddy contact – easier or
c. Use kick cycles or timed swim
harder to maintain?
to estimate distance covered.
e. Behavioral changes in aquatic
9. Tour — Take student divers on a
organisms
guided tour. Point out behavioral
f. Organisms and phenomenon
changes in aquatic organisms at
not seen during the day
night and organisms/phenomenon
3. Suiting up — Inspect and make
not see during the day.
sure student divers have a whistle
10. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
and primary light. Set up surface
S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
and/or underwater orientation
ery dive.)
lights.
a. Control buoyancy and monitor
ascent rate.
5. Entry — Appropriate for environ-
b. Perform a safety stop — at
ment.
least three minutes at 5
6. Descent metres/15 feet.
a. When applicable, have student 11. Exit – Appropriate for environ-
divers note the compass head-
ment.
ing to their exit location (boat,
12. Debrief
shore, etc.).
a. Discuss performance on the
b. Note time and tank pressure.
navigation exercise.
c. Control buoyancy – descend no
b. Compare aspects with day div-
ing:
instructor.
• Air-consumption rate.
d. Use reference line as a tactile
or visual guide (descend feet • Perceptions of time, depth
first when possible). or distance.
e. Equalize air spaces. • Ability to stay with a dive
buddy.
f. Point lights downward, watch-
ing for the bottom and dem- • Night diving environment.
onstrate anti-silting techniques c. Emphasize the need to enroll
(proper buoyancy and control- in a Night Diver Specialty
ling fin movement). course.
7. Acclimatization on the Bottom — On 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
the bottom, encourage divers to: Dive Training Record

Adventure Dive:
Peak Performance Buoyancy
1. If possible, have student divers watch PADI’s Peak Perfor-
Skills Overview mance Buoyancy video and review the Peak Performance
• Knowledge Review Buoyancy booklet prior to the dive.
2. The recommended depth for the Peak Performance
• Weight System Assembly
Buoyancy Dive is 9-12 metres/30-40 feet. Although dives
• Visualization Practice may be deeper, changes in buoyancy are more appar-
• Briefing ent at shallower depths, thus giving student divers more
• Suiting Up frequent practice adjusting their buoyancy.
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) 3. Select a dive site that allows divers to easily enter/exit the
water while making weighting adjustments. Diving from
• Entry
a boat or near a dock, pier or floating platform provides
• Buoyancy Check more opportunity for divers to experiment with various
• Descent – Neutral Buoyancy weighting options.
• Hover 4. Have a variety of weight systems, buoyancy related ac-
• Buoyancy Game cessories and BCDs for student divers to try. Emphasize
proper weight positioning, distribution, trim, securing
weights, release and ditching in an emergency.
• Postdive Buoyancy Check 5. Incorporate buoyancy games to make the dive fun. Have
• Exit nonliving obstacles for the student divers to swim in and
• Debrief around. Stress streamlining to avoid drag.
Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum
Dive Training Record young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1 with no more than two of the
four divers being 10-11 years old.
1. Rig a weight system with the following considerations in mind:
a. Estimated weights using PADI’s “Basic Weighting Guidelines.”
b. Position and distribute the weight for comfort and desired body
position (trim) in the water.
2. Use visualization techniques prior to the dive to relax, establish a
comfortable breathing pattern and move gracefully.
3. Conduct a buoyancy check by adjusting weights to achieve neutral
buoyancy at the surface with the BCD deflated.
4. Make a controlled, slow descent to the bottom and adjust for neu-
tral buoyancy using the BCD.
5. Adjust for neutral buoyancy at a predetermined depth.
6. Using buoyancy control, hover motionless (without kicking or scull-
ing) for at least one minute.
7. Swim horizontally, while neutrally buoyant without touching the
bottom or breaking the surface with equipment or body.
8. Make minor depth adjustments using breath control only.
9. Demonstrate efficient fin kicks — long, slow strokes and gliding.
10. Navigate an obstacle course without touching obstacles, the bottom
or breaking the surface.
11. Adjust weights (trim) and practice hovering in different positions –
vertical, horizontal, feet elevated and head elevated.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 11. Buoyancy Game – Directly from the
Knowledge Review questions from hover, student divers swim along a
the Peak Performance Buoyancy course without touching the bot-
Diving section of the Adventures In tom or breaking the surface. While
Diving manual or Multimedia. swimming divers should:
2. Weight System Assembly — Using a. Make minor depth adjustment
PADI’s “Basic Weighting Guide- using breath control.
lines” as a reference, have student b. Adjust for neutral buoyancy as
divers estimate the amount of depth changes.
weight needed for the dive. Em- c. Concentrate on using an ef-
phasize proper positioning and ficient, relaxed kicking style.
distribution of weights. d. Practice gliding after kicks.
3. Visualization Practice — Instruct e. Streamline their bodies and
student divers to visualize attain- equipment as much as possible.
ing Peak Performance Buoyancy 12. Game Add-ons for student divers:
while diving. a. Swim through weighted PVC
4. Briefing — Review buoyancy con- pipe, hoops or other devices
trol. Explain where and how stu- positioned in midwater without
dent divers will navigate around touching the obstacles.
objects. b. Practice one-finger push offs
5. Suiting up without disturbing aquatic life.
6. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF c. Practice sculling forward and
7. Entry – Appropriate for environ- backward using minimal hand
ment. and fin movement.
8. Buoyancy Check – Student divers d. Streamline equipment to reduce
add or subtract weight as needed drag while swimming on the
to float at eye level on the surface surface after the ascent.
with the BCD completely deflated. 13. Ascent – Safety Stop. Remember
9. Descent S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
a. Note time and tank pressure. dive.)
b. Begin by exhaling and con- a. Control buoyancy and monitor
trol buoyancy – descend no ascent rate.
faster than buddy, assistant or b. Perform a safety stop — at least
instructor. three minutes at 5 metres/15
c. Equalize air spaces. feet.
10. Hovering – Student divers adjust 14. Postdive Buoyancy Check – check
for neutral buoyancy and hover for neutral buoyancy on the sur-
motionless for one minute. face while wearing a tank low on
air.
a. If appropriate, start by doing a
fin pivot. 15. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
ment.
b. Emphasize the use of breath
control to make minor depth 16. Debrief – Discuss differences be-
adjustments. tween buoyancy check at the
c. Have student divers adjust beginning and end of the dive. Em-
weights (if possible) and phasize the need to enroll in a Peak
practice hovering in different Performance Buoyancy Specialty
positions – vertical, horizontal, course.
feet slightly elevated and head 17. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
slightly elevated. Dive Training Record.

Adventure Dive:
Search and Recovery
1. The recommended depth for the Search and Recovery Adventure Dive is 6-9
metres/20-30 feet.
2. Equipment preparation and preplanning are important for this dive. Have
recoverable objects ready and know where you will place them within the
established search area.
a. For the first exercise, place small objects that can be hand-carried to the
surface (coins, sunglasses, eating utensils, etc.– size depends on visibility).
b. For the second exercise, place a larger, heavier object for student divers
to raise with a lift bag (bucket filled with sand/sediment, brick, concrete
block, small boat anchor, weight belt, engine parts, etc.). The object
should weigh approximately 10 kilograms/25 pounds.
3. If possible, place objects before student divers arrive at
the site. If not, have assistants place objects while stu-
Skills Overview dent divers participate in predive activities.
• Knowledge Review 4. Predive activities include practicing compass use and
• Briefing walking through search patterns. Also, involve student
divers in dive planning activities and ask them to help
• Practice Search Patterns
prepare buoys, reference lines and lifting devices.
• Practice Object Rigging 5. In addition to placing objects, have certified assistants
• Suiting Up help with predive and postdive activities, supervise
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) buddy teams during search patterns, while rigging and
• Entry lifting objects from the bottom. Assistants may also
help recover objects not located by student divers, thus
• Small Area Search
avoiding littering the bottom.
• Large Area Search 6. In some situations, it is better to evaluate student diver
• Rigging and Lifting an Object performance during this dive from the surface. Prior
• Exit to the dive, provide each buddy team with a colored
buoy and line to tow (small painted, plastic bottles
• Debrief
work well). Observe the buoys as student divers per-
• Log Dive – Complete Adventure form search patterns and instruct buddy teams to bring
Dive Training Record recovered objects to the surface.
1. Demonstrate a methodical search of an area approximately 15
metres by 15 metres/50 feet by 50 feet, or other dimension for the
same area of search to find a small submerged object.
2. Demonstrate a methodical search of an area approximately 30
metres by 30 metres/100 feet by 100 feet, or other dimension for
the same area of search to find a submerged object not more than
10 kilograms/25 pounds negatively buoyant.
3. Tie the following knots correctly while underwater: the bowline,
two half-hitches and a sheet bend.
4. Demonstrate how to safely rig and bring to the surface an object
not more than 10 kilograms/25 pounds negatively buoyant using
an appropriate lifting device.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 8. Small Area Search — Buddy teams
Knowledge Review questions from search for and recover a small
the Search and Recovery Diving object that has been placed in a
section of the Adventures In Diving predetermined area approximate-
manual or Multimedia. ly 15 x 15 metres/50 x 50 feet.
2. Briefing — Explain where and how a. Teams mark off the search
student divers will search for both area with buoys and initiate
small and large objects. a circular/rope pattern search
3. Practice Search Patterns for the small object.
a. Have student divers practice b. Teams surface and signal the
walking through a circular/ instructor after finding the
rope search pattern on the object.
shore (or boat deck). As- 9. Large Area Search — Buddy teams
sign one individual to be the search for and recover an object
“pivot” and one to be the (not more than 11 kilograms/25
“searcher.” pounds negatively buoyant) that
b. Practice a “U” search pattern has been placed in a predeter-
on the shore (or boat deck). mined area approximately 30 x
Assign one person to be the 30 metres/100 x 100 feet.
“navigator” and one to be the a. Teams mark off the search
“searcher.” Have student divers area with buoys and initiate
determine the approximate a “U” pattern search for the
time/kick cycles required to object.
complete the different legs of
b. Once the object is located,
the “U” pattern.
teams attach a marker buoy
4. Practice Object Rigging — Dem-
to it.
onstrate and have student divers
10. Rigging and Lifting an Object
practice tying the following knots:
a. Each student diver practices
bowline, two half-hitches and
rigging the lift bag by tying
sheet bend. Have them practice two half-hitches and a sheet
rigging an object similar to that bend.
being recovered on the shore (or b. Buddy teams use the lift bag
boat deck). to bring the object to the sur-
5. Suiting Up — Make sure each face and remove it from the
buddy team has: water.
a. an adequate lift bag and rig- 11. Exit – Appropriate for environ-
ging rope. ment.
b. bottom markers. 12. Debrief — Discuss the use of circu-
c. marker buoys. lar rope and “U” search patterns
d. line for the circular search pat- and lifting exercise. Emphasize
tern. the need to enroll in a Search and
6. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF Recovery Diver Specialty course.
7. Entry – Appropriate for environ- 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
ment. Dive Training Record

Adventure Dive:
Underwater Naturalist
1. Observation, discovery and identification are key features of the Underwater
Naturalist Adventure Dive. Encourage student divers to prepare by looking
through reference material available for the local environment. Have student
divers carry aquatic life identification slates, if available for the local area, or
make sketches of what they see on slates for later identification.
2. Remind student divers to interact responsibly with the aquatic life during the
dive by:
a. Passively observing behaviors.
Skills Overview b. Maintaining neutral buoyancy.
c. Keeping their body off the bottom
(especially knees and hands).
• Briefing d. Securing dangling hoses.
• Suiting Up e.
Moving and breathing slowly to
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) minimize disturbances.
• Entry 3. Have certified assistants help student divers find or-
ganisms, identify them, point out unique behaviors
• Descent
and call attention to interesting interactions.
• Identification of Aquatic Plant Life 4. If diving in fresh water, adjust performance require-
• Identification and Observation of ment for identifying aquatic animals and plants as
Aquatic Invertebrate Animals stated.
• Identification and Observation of Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum
Aquatic Vertebrate Animals young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1
• Ascent - Safety Stop with no more than two of the four
divers being 10-11 years old.
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Passively observe aquatic life.
2. Avoid touching the bottom by maintaining neutral buoyancy and
proper body position.
3. Locate and identify, by common or scientific name, at least two
aquatic plants (one for freshwater).
4. Locate, observe and identify, by common or scientific name, at
least four aquatic invertebrate animals (one for fresh water).
5. Locate, observe and identify, by common or scientific name, at
least five aquatic vertebrate animals (two for freshwater).

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss e. Lobsters, crabs, shrimp, fresh
Knowledge Review questions from water crawfish
the Underwater Naturalist Diving f. Sea stars, urchins, cucumbers,
section of the Adventures In Diving brittlestars
manual or Multimedia. g. Sea squirts
2. Briefing — Describe specific local 9. Identification and Observation
aquatic plants and animals you of Aquatic Vertebrate Animals —
expect to see and discuss inter- Have student divers find, identify
relationships between organisms. and observe at least five aquatic
Remind student divers how to pas- vertebrates (two for freshwater).
sively observe aquatic organisms. The animals may be from any of
3. Suiting Up the following groupings:
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF a. Skates, rays and sharks
5. Entry — Appropriate for environ- b. Bony fishes
ment. c. Sea turtles, amphibians, rep-
6. Descent tiles
a. Note time and tank pressure. d. Manatees
b. Control buoyancy – descend no e. Dolphins
faster than buddy, assistant or f. Seals
instructor.
c. Equalize air spaces. S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
7. Identification of Aquatic Plant Life ery dive.)
— Have student divers find and
identify at least two (one for fresh- ascent rate.
water) aquatic plants. The plants
may be algae or flowering plants. least three minutes at 5
8. Identification and Observation of metres/15 feet.
Aquatic Invertebrate Animals — 11. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
Have student divers find, identify ment.
and observe at least four aquatic 12. Debrief — Compare student diver
invertebrates (one for freshwater). findings, identification and ob-
The four animals may be from any servations. Emphasize the need to
of the following groupings: enroll in an Underwater Naturalist
a. Sponges Specialty course.
b. Corals, anemones, jellyfishes 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
c. Segmented worms Dive Training Record
d. Snails, clams, octopus, squids

Adventure Dive:
Underwater Navigation
(required for Advanced Open Water Diver certification)

1. The recommended depth for the Underwater Navigation Dive is 6-9
metres/20-30 feet. At this depth, student divers should have sufficient air to
complete all the performance requirements.
2. Have certified assistants help by setting up the 30-metre/100-foot measured
course and other navigation buoys as needed. Certified assistants may also
assist with predive and postdive activities, and supervise buddy teams during
navigation exercises.
3. Prior to the dive, have student divers practice compass use and navigation
patterns. Also, involve student divers in dive planning activities and ask them
to help prepare buoys, floats and reference lines.
4. In some situations, it is better to evaluate student diver performance during
this dive from the surface. Prior to the dive, provide each buddy team with a
colored buoy and line to tow (small painted, plastic bottles work well). Ob-
serve the buoys as student divers perform navigation patterns. It is recom-
mended that a certified assistant accompany each buddy team.
5. To heighten the challenge and add some fun, provide
incentives for accurate navigation and recognize stu-
Skills Overview dent divers who return closest to the end points without
having to surface.
• Knowledge Review 6. During this dive, emphasize streamlining, correct body
• Compass Use positioning and maintaining neutral buoyancy.
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Distance/Time-Estimation Swim
• Navigate a Straight-line and its
Reciprocal Underwater Using
Natural Navigation Techniques
• Navigate a Straight-line and its
Reciprocal Underwater Using a
Compass
• Navigate a Square Pattern Un-
derwater Using a Compass
• Ascent — Safety Stop
• Exit
• Debrief
• Log Dive - Complete Adventure

1. Maintain neutral buoyancy during the dive.
2. Determine the average number of kick cycles AND average
amount of time required to cover a distance of approximately 30
metres/100 feet while swimming underwater at a normal, re-
laxed pace.
3. Navigate (surfacing only if necessary to verify direction or lo-
cation) to a predetermined location and return to within 15
metres/50 feet of the starting point using natural references and
estimated distance measurement (kick cycles or time).
4. Demonstrate the correct positioning and handling of a compass
needed to maintain an accurate heading while swimming under-
water.
5. Navigate (without surfacing) to a predetermined location and
return to within 6 metres/20 feet of the starting point using a
compass and estimated distance measurement (kick cycles or
time).
6. Swim a square pattern underwater returning to within 8
metres/25 feet of the starting point using a compass and begin-
ning from a fixed location. Recommended size of square – each side 30
metres/100 feet, or total combined length of approximately 120 metres/400
feet.
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 7. Distance/Time-Estimation Swim
Knowledge Review questions from — Measured course (a line
the Underwater Navigation Diving stretched between two buoys) of 30
section of the Adventures In Diving metres/100 feet.
manual or Multimedia. a. Have buddy teams descend
2. Compass Use — Explain and dem- down the reference line at
onstrate how to operate student one end of the course. As they
diver compasses. swim at a normal relaxed
a. Review how to hold the com- pace to the other end, have
pass, take a bearing and recip- them count the number of kick
rocal, operate the bezel, and cycles it takes to cover the dis-
keep the compass level while tance. They should record the
swimming. count on their slates.
b. Walk through the compass b. As they return to the starting
courses on shore (or boat deck) point, have them measure the
– straight-line course and its elapsed time needed to cover
reciprocal, and square pattern. the distance. They should re-
3. Briefing — Explain how student cord the time on their slates.
divers will complete distance 8. Navigate a Straight Line Under-
estimation swim and navigation water Using Natural Navigation
patterns. Techniques
4. Suiting Up a. Select a location approximate-
5. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF ly 30-90 metres/100-300 feet
from the starting point and
mark it with a buoy.
ment.

b. Ask one buddy to keep track of 30 metres/100 feet. One stu-
the distance (using either kick dent diver navigates with a
cycles or elapsed time). compass, the other estimates
c. Have the other buddy note distance.
and record significant under- b. Based on topography and
water topographical features depth, it’s acceptable to have
that may be used as references divers navigate a rectangle pat-
upon return. tern. Shorten two opposite legs
d. Explain that buddy teams may and lengthen the other two,
surface as often as they desire so that student divers swim a
to verify direction or location. combined total distance of 120
e. After reaching the location, metres/400 feet.
have buddy teams return to the c. At the conclusion of each leg,
starting point (surfacing only have teams turn 90° (consis-
once for orientation). tently right or left) for another
9. Navigate a Straight Line and Its 30 metres/100 feet (or appropri-
Reciprocal Using a Compass ate distance). After three turns,
a. Select a location approxi- the teams should be close to
mately 30-90 metres/100-300 the starting point.
feet from the starting point and d. Have the buddy teams ascend
mark it with a buoy. and check accuracy. If the team
b. Ask one student diver to take a is within 8 metres/25 feet of
compass bearing on the desti- the starting point, have them
nation at the surface. The other switch roles (compass navigat-
student diver will keep track of ing and estimating distance)
distance. and complete the exercise
again. If not, repeat the exer-
c. Have the buddy team descend
cise until student divers meet
and follow the compass head-
the performance requirement.
ing for the predetermined
distance — estimated by time
or number of kick cycles. S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Every
dive.)
d. At the end of time/kick cycles,
and without surfacing, have a. Control buoyancy and monitor
the student diver using the ascent rate.
compass calculate a recipro- b. Perform a safety stop — at least
cal course and navigate back three minutes at 5 metres/15
to the starting point while the feet.
other student diver estimates 12. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
distance. ment.
e. After covering the distance, 13. Debrief
have the buddy teams ascend a. Discuss completion of perfor-
and check accuracy. If the mance requirements.
team is within 6 metres/20 b. Compare maps drawn during
feet of the starting point, have natural navigation exercise.
them switch roles and complete
c. Compare and contrast the use
the exercise again. If not, re-
of kick cycles and elapsed time
peat the exercise until student
for distance estimation.
divers meet the performance
requirement. d. Discuss value/benefit of skills
as applied to other diving ac-
10. Navigate a Square Pattern Under-
tivities.
water Using a Compass
e. Emphasize the need to enroll
a. Using a fixed reference point,
in an Underwater Navigator
instruct teams to swim a
Specialty course.
predetermined heading for
a distance of approximately

Adventure Dive:
Underwater Photography
1. Because there are many different types of underwater cameras, how you
organize and conduct this dive will depend on what equipment student divers
have – housed cameras, amphibious cameras, snapshot cameras, etc.
2. It is recommended that this be a macro photography
dive because it is the easiest form of underwater pho-
Skills Overview tography for beginners. However, some cameras are not
suited for macro photography, thus there are two sets of
• Knowledge Review performance requirements. Choose the set that best fits
• Briefing the type of camera equipment used by student divers.
• Prepare and Assemble 3. For greater success, assign student divers a short list
Underwater Camera System of photo subjects. Describe the pictures or show them
actual photo examples of what you would like them to
• Suiting Up
take. Avoid overloading student divers with large as-
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) signments. Have them concentrate on a few shots.
• Entry 4. Have certified assistants help student divers prepare
their photo systems for the dive, aim strobes underwa-
• Descent
ter, set exposure estimations, adjust focus controls and
• Expose a Complete Roll of Film find subjects. Certified assistants may also assist with
(Macro or Still-Life Photos) general predive and postdive activities, and provide ad-
• Ascent - Safety Stop ditional supervision.
5. Caution student divers not to hold their breath when
• Exit
taking photos. Also, remind them to avoid accidentally
• Debrief damaging the aquatic environment. Emphasize buoy-
• Postdive Care and Disassemble ancy control and awareness of their surroundings.
Underwater Camera System 6. As soon as possible after the dive, view student diver
• Log Dive — Complete Adven- photos and provide constructive suggestions for im-
ture Dive Training Record provement.
Note: Junior Divers, ages 10-11, may participate in this dive. Maximum depth for 10-11 year olds is 12 m/40 ft. You must
directly supervise young divers at a maximum ratio of 4:1 with no more than two of the four divers being 10-11 years old.
Taking Macro Photographs
1. Prepare and assemble an underwater camera system for macro
photography.
2. Set the shutter speed, aperture and focus appropriately for macro
photography.
3. Frame and expose a complete roll of film, taking underwater
macro photos.
4. Bracket the exposure of each type of photo taken underwater by
varying either strobe-to-subject distance or on automatic cameras,
changing the ISO number.
5. Compose each macro photo with consideration of flash angle,
camera angle, subject position, image completeness, foreground,
background and complementary colors.

Taking Still-Life Photographs
1. Prepare and assemble an underwater camera system.
2. Set the shutter speed and aperture (if appropriate) for an ex-
posure based on manual meter readings, general film exposure
information or automatic programming information.
3. Focus the camera by varying subject-to-camera distance or focus
knob setting.
4. Frame and expose a complete roll of film, taking underwater
still-life pictures.
5. Bracket the exposure of each type of photo taken underwater by
varying either shutter speeds or f/stops (if appropriate).
6. Compose each still-life photo with consideration of camera
angle, subject position, image completeness, foreground, back-
ground and complementary colors.
1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 8. Expose a Complete Roll of Film —
Knowledge Review questions from have student diver work on shot
the Underwater Photography Div- list to meet performance require-
ing section of the Adventures In ments.
Diving manual or Multimedia. 9. Ascent — Safety Stop. Remember
2. Briefing — Assign student divers a S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
short list of photo subjects. ery dive.)
3. Prepare and Assemble Underwater a. Control buoyancy and monitor
Camera System — Assist student ascent rate.
divers with their systems. (This b. Perform a safety stop — at
may take place at the dive site or least three minutes at 5
prior to arrival.) metres/15 feet.
4. Suiting Up 10. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
5. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF ment.
6. Entry — Appropriate for environ- 11. Debrief — Discuss techniques and
ment. review dive objectives. Emphasize
7. Descent the need to enroll in an Underwa-
a. Note time and tank pressure. ter Photographer Specialty course.
b. Control buoyancy – descend no 12. Postdive Care and Disassemble
faster than buddy, assistant or Underwater Camera System
instructor. 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure
c. Equalize air spaces. Dive Training Record

Adventure Dive:
Underwater Videography
1. This dive emphasizes basic video equipment care and handling, plus steady
shooting. One goal of this program is to teach student divers to use video
equipment without harming the environment. Caution student divers about
accidentally damaging the aquatic environment. Emphasize buoyancy con-
trol and awareness of their surroundings.
2. Student divers may show up with different video systems. When feasible, it is
recommended that you allow student divers to use their personal equipment.
3. For greater success, assign student divers a list of video
Skills Overview shots. Describe what you expect or show them video ex-
amples of what you would like them to capture. Avoid
• Knowledge Review overloading student divers with large assignments.
• Video System Preparation Have them concentrate on a few shots.
• Briefing 4. Keep student divers in water as shallow as practically
possible. This provides more dive time for practice and
• Suiting Up more available light for shooting.
• Predive Safety Check (BWRAF) 5. Have certified assistants help student divers prepare
• Entry their video systems for the dive and find/act as subjects
underwater. Certified assistants may also assist with
• Descent
general predive and postdive activities, and provide ad-
• Shooting with Video System ditional supervision.
• Ascent — Safety stop 6. As soon as possible after the dive, view student diver
videos and provide constructive suggestions for im-
• Exit
provement.
• Video System Disassembly
• Debrief
1. Properly assemble an underwater video system for use.
2. Perform a predive check of an underwater video system.
3. Enter the water properly with a video system.
4. Maintain proper buoyancy while diving with a video system.
5. Check air supply, depth, time and direction at appropriate inter-
vals while diving with a video system.
6. Demonstrate basic underwater video shooting techniques, in-
cluding holding the camera steady while standing, sitting, lying,
kneeling and swimming, making smooth camera movements,
avoiding the common shooting errors and using the best “gen-
eral” shooting angle.
7. Exit the water properly with a video system.
8. Give an underwater video system proper postdive care.
9. Properly disassemble an underwater video system.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss a. Shooting video while standing,
Knowledge Review questions from sitting, kneeling, lying and
the Underwater Videography Div- swimming.
ing section of the Adventures In b. Practice holding steady, stay-
Diving manual or Multimedia. ing close to subjects using up-
2. Video System Preparation — Help ward angle, holding takes five
student divers assemble their video to twelve seconds and keeping
systems and demonstrate how to the camera motion very slow
and steady.
perform a predive check on the
system. c. While shooting, checking
depth, time, air supply and
3. Briefing — Assign student divers
location frequently and main-
a short list of video subjects and
taining proper buoyancy.
discuss shooting angles. Review en-
try/exit options with video systems.
S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend From Ev-
4. Suiting Up
ery dive.)
ascent rate.
ment either with video system or
securing it underwater and retriev-
least three minutes at 5
ing it. metres/15 feet.
7. Descent 10. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
a. Note time and tank pressure. ment either with video system or
b. Control buoyancy – descend no securing it underwater and retriev-
faster than buddy, assistant or ing it.
instructor. 11. Postdive Care and Disassemble
c. Control video system during Underwater Video System
descent. 12. Debrief — Discuss techniques and
d. Equalize air spaces. review dive objectives. Emphasize
8. Shooting with Video System — the need to enroll in an Underwa-
guide student divers through the ter Videographer Specialty course.
following: 13. Log Dive — Complete Adventure

Adventure Dive: Wreck
1. Student divers must be accompanied by a Teaching status PADI In-
structor at a maximum ratio of eight student divers to one instruc-
tor — 8:1 or by a certified assistant at a maximum ratio of four
student divers to one certified assistant - 4:1.
2. Wreck penetration is not allowed on this dive. The Wreck Dive is a
guided tour of a wreck that allows student divers to practice basic wreck div-
ing techniques.
3. If possible, provide student divers with information about the wreck’s back-
ground (date it sunk, previous use, historical significance, etc.). Also discuss
wreck’s size, structure, interesting features and depth underwater.
4. Discuss local laws that apply to wreck diving as appropriate.
5. It is recommended that you have certified assistants
help keep track of buddy teams, administer check-in/
check-out procedures and be prepared to help in an
Skills Overview emergency.
• Briefing
• Suiting Up
• Entry
• Descent
• Navigating the Wreck
• Returning to Ascent Point
• Ascent — Safety Stop
• Exit
• Debrief
1. Swim on the outside of a wreck, maintaining proper buoyancy
control, and identifying and avoiding potential hazards, under
the direct supervision of a PADI Instructor.
2. Navigate on a wreck so that the ascent point can be located with-
out surfacing, with the assistance of the instructor.
3. Maintain neutral buoyancy and body position so that the bottom
is avoided.

1. Knowledge Review — Discuss 7. Navigating the Wreck — Provide
Knowledge Review questions from student divers with an overview
the Wreck Diving section of the of the wreck’s exterior. Supervise
Adventures In Diving manual or as they explore and navigate the
Multimedia. wreck. Toward the end of the dive,
2. Briefing — Provide student divers navigate to the ascent point.
with information about the wreck’s 8. Ascent to Surface — Safety Stop.
location and depth. Have them Remember S.A.F.E. (Slowly Ascend
calculate the no decompression From Every dive.)
limit for the dive. Discuss potential a. Control buoyancy and monitor
hazards and how to avoid them. ascent rate.
3. Suiting Up b. Perform a safety stop — at
4. Predive Safety Check — BWRAF least three minutes at 5 me-
5. Entry — Appropriate for environ- tres/15 feet.
ment. 9. Exit — Appropriate for environ-
6. Descent ment.
a. Note time and tank pressure. 10. Debrief — Discuss the overall look
b. Control buoyancy – descend no of the wreck, possible structure and
faster than buddy, assistant or aquatic life hazards encountered
instructor. and navigation techniques used.
c. Equalize air spaces. 11. Log Dive — Complete Adventure

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Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide iii

Download the most current forms

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide v

vi How to Use This Guide

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide

Open Water Diver Specialty Diver Courses

1-2 One: Course Standards and Overview

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-3

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-5

Instructor Materials Student Diver Materials

1-6 One: Course Standards and Overview

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-7

Practical Training Sessions

1-8 One: Course Standards and Overview

Advanced Open Water Diver

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-9

Maximum blend – 40% oxygen

1-10 One: Course Standards and Overview

Deep Dive Deep Dive

Dry Suit Multilevel &

Wreck Dive Night Dive

Deep Dive Drift Dive

AWARE Fish Deep Dive

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 1-11

Knowledge Review Development Options

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide

Enriched Air, National Geographic and Digital

2-2 Two: Knowledge Development

Knowledge Review ­­– Altitude Dive

Any dive made at 300 metres/1000 feet or greater above sea

In altitude diving, the exposure to lower atmospheric pressure

For a single dive within the no decompression limit, a minimum

1. Hypoxia – pace yourself, avoid strenuous work

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 2-3

a. Ascent rate: 9 metres/30 feet or slower

16 min metric 18 min imperial

Name ______________________________________________________________ Date _____________

Adventure Dive: Altitude

• Depth Gauge Comparisons at Depth

2-4 Two: Knowledge Development

Knowledge Review – AWARE Fish Identification

Aquatic World Awareness, Responsibility and Education

❑ a. Encouraging aquatic ecology and education.

❑ b. Funding and assisting worthwhile projects that enrich humanity’s awareness

❑ c. Supporting environmental research

■ d. All of the above.

5. Approximately how many different fish species exist worldwide? 21,000

Adventures in Diving Program Instructor Guide 2-5

(Answers vary depending on location)

Possible answers include:

A technique that allows divers to swim along as usual, spotting

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Adventure Dive: AWARE Fish Identification

Knowledge Review – Altitude Dive

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