BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

50164-3:2006
+A1:2009

Lightning Protection
Licensed copy: I P, The University of Leeds, Version correct as of 28/05/2013 01:44, (c) The British Standards Institution 2013

Components (LPC) —
Part 3: Requirements for isolating
spark gaps

ICS 91.120.40

12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of

EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 50164-3:2006 which is
withdrawn.
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The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is

indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CENELEC
text carry the number of the CENELEC amendment. For example, text
altered by CENELEC amendment A1 is indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee GEL/81, Protection against lightning.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
on request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard was Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee Date Comments
on 31 October 2006
30 April 2010 Implementation of CENELEC amendment A1:2009
© BSI 2010

ISBN 978 0 580 62735 4

 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50164-3:2006+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM January 2009

ICS 91.120.40
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English version

Lightning Protection Components (LPC)

Part 3: Requirements for isolating spark gaps

Composants de protection Blitzschutzbauteile -

contre la foudre (CPF) Teil 3: Anforderungen
Partie 3: Prescriptions pour les éclateurs an Trennfunkenstrecken
d'isolement

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels

© 2006 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. EN 50164-3:2006 E

 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) –2–

Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 81X, Lightning
protection.

The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50164-3
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on 2006-03-01.

The following dates were fixed:

– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented

at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-03-01

– latest date by which the national standards conflicting

with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2009-03-01

__________

Foreword to amendment A1

This amendment was prepared by Technical Committee CENELEC TC 81X, Lightning protection.

The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as
amendment A1 to EN 50164-3:2006 on 2008-11-01.

The following dates were fixed:

– latest date by which the amendment has to be

implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-11-01

– latest date by which the national standards conflicting

with the amendment have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-11-01

__________

EN 50164 series is a family standard under the generic title “Lightning Protection Components (LPC)” and
consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Requirements for connection components
Part 2: Requirements for conductors and earth electrodes
Part 3: Requirements for isolating spark gaps
Part 4: Requirements for conductor fasteners
Part 5: Requirements for earth electrode inspection housings and earth electrode seals
Part 6: Requirements for lightning strike counters
Part 7: Requirements for earth enhancing compounds

.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
–3– EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

Contents

1 Scope............................................................................................................................. 4
2 Normative references ................................................................................................... 4
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3 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 4
4 Classification ................................................................................................................ 6
5 Requirements................................................................................................................ 6
5.1 General.......................................................................................................................................... 6
5.2 Environmental requirements ......................................................................................................... 6
5.3 Installation instructions .................................................................................................................. 6
5.4 Lightning current carrying capability.............................................................................................. 6
5.5 Rated impulse spark over voltage................................................................................................. 6
5.6 Rated withstand voltage ................................................................................................................ 7
5.7 Isolation resistance........................................................................................................................ 7
5.8 Marking.......................................................................................................................................... 7
5.9 UV resistance ................................................................................................................................ 7
6 Tests .............................................................................................................................. 7
6.1 General.......................................................................................................................................... 7
6.2 Electrical test ................................................................................................................................. 8
6.3 Marking test................................................................................................................................... 9

7 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .......................................................................... 9

!8 Structure and content of the test report ....................................................................10"

Annex A (normative) Conditioning of ISG's.......................................................................12

Annex B (normative) Flow chart of tests............................................................................13

Table 1 – Lightning impulse current [Iimp] parameters ............................................................................. 9

 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) –4–

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies the requirements and tests for isolating spark gaps (ISG) for
lightning protection systems.
ISG's can be used to indirectly bond a lightning protection system to other nearby metalwork where a
direct bond is not permissible for functional reasons.
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Typical applications include the connection to

- earth termination systems of power installations,
- earth termination systems of telecommunication systems,
A1 text deleted A1

- rail earth electrode of AC and DC railways,

- measuring earth electrodes for laboratories,
- installations with cathodic protection and stray current systems,
- service entry masts for low- voltage overhead cables,
- bypassing insulated flanges and insulated couplings of pipelines.
NOTE ISG’s may also be suitable for use in hazardous conditions such as fire and explosive atmosphere. Due regard should
be taken of the extra requirements necessary for the components to be installed in such conditions.

This does not cover applications where follow currents occur.

Protective devices according to EN 50122-1 and EN 50123-5 are not part of this European Standard.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 60068-2-52 1996 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic
(sodium chloride solution) (IEC 60068-2-52:1996)

EN 60529 1991 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

(IEC 60529:1989)

EN ISO 6988 1994 Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Sulfur dioxide test with
general condensation of moisture (ISO 6988:1985)

ISO 6957 1988 Copper alloys - Ammonia test for stress corrosion resistance
A1 EN 61643-11 Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 11: Surge protective devices
:2002 + A11:2007 connected to low-voltage power systems - Requirements and tests
(IEC 61643-1:1998, mod. + corr. Dec. 1998, mod.)

EN 62305-1 Protection against lightning – Part 1: General principles (IEC 62305-1)

EN 62305-3 Protection against lightning – Part 3: Physical damage to structures

and life hazard (IEC 62305-3, mod.)
EN 62305-4 Protection against lightning – Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems
within structures (IEC 62305-4) A 1

3 Definitions

For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:

3.1
Isolating Spark Gap (ISG)
component with discharge distance for isolating electrically conductive installation sections
NOTE In the event of a lightning strike, the installation sections are temporarily connected conductively as the result of
response of the discharge.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
–5– EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

3.2
electrodes
those parts where sparkover occur

3.3
sparkover voltage
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maximum voltage value before disruptive discharge between the electrodes of the ISG

3.4
withstand voltage
value of a voltage that the ISG can withstand during tests made under specified conditions and for a
specified time

3.4.1
power frequency withstand voltage
r.m.s value of a sinusoidal power frequency voltage that the ISG can withstand during tests made
under specified conditions and for a specified time

3.4.2
DC withstand voltage
value of a DC voltage that the ISG can withstand during tests made under specified conditions and for
a specified time

3.5
rated withstand voltage
value of a withstand voltage declared by the manufacturer to characterise the isolating behaviour of an
ISG

3.5.1
rated power frequency withstand voltage A [UwAC] A
1 1

value of a power frequency withstand voltage declared by the manufacturer to characterise the
isolating behaviour of an ISG

3.5.2
rated DC withstand voltage A [U wDC] A
1 1

value of a DC withstand voltage declared by the manufacturer to characterise the isolating behaviour
of an ISG

3.6
impulse sparkover voltage
the impulse voltage of the waveshape 1,2/50 to classify the sparkover behaviour of the ISG

3.7
rated impulse sparkover voltage A [Ur imp] A
1 1

manufacturers declaration of the ISG sparkover voltage

3.8
isolating resistance
ohmic resistance of the ISG between the active parts

3.9
lightning impulse current [Iimp]
an impulse current that classifies an ISG. Five parameters are to be considered; the peak value, the
charge, the duration, the specific energy and the rate of rise of the impulse current
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) –6–

4 Classification

According to its capability to withstand lightning current, as per Table 1:

- class H for heavy duty;
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- class N for normal duty;

- class 1L for light duty;
- class 2L for light duty;
- class 3L for light duty.

5 Requirements

5.1 General

ISG’s shall be designed in such a manner that when they are installed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions its performance shall be reliable, stable and safe to persons and
surrounding equipment.

5.2 Environmental requirements

ISG shall be designed in such way that they operate satisfactorily under the environmental conditions
given by the normal service conditions. Outdoors ISG’s shall be contained in a weather shield of glass
glazed ceramic or other acceptable material that is resistant to UV radiation, corrosion and erosion.

5.3 Installation instructions

The manufacturer of the ISG shall provide adequate instructions in his literature to ensure that the
installer of the ISG can select and install them in a suitable and safe manner.
These instructions shall contain at least the following information:
- classification and the lightning current capability [ Iimp];
- rated withstand voltage;
- rated impulse sparkover voltage A1 [Ur imp]; A1

- assembly instructions with installation location (if crucial to the function);

- appropriate connection components for the installation if not part of the ISG.
A1 - rated power frequency withstand voltage [UwAC];
- rated DC withstand voltage [UwDC]; A1

Compliance is checked by inspection.

5.4 Lightning current carrying capability

ISG’s shall have sufficient lightning current carrying capability.

Compliance is checked in accordance with Clause 6 following the manufacturer’s declaration for the
class of the ISG in accordance with Clause 4.

5.5 Rated impulse spark over voltage

The ISG shall always spark over at this value during the tests.
NOTE ISG may experience some variation of sparkover characteristic before and after the lightning current test. This shall be
included in the rated impulse sparkover voltage defined by the manufacturer.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
–7– EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

5.6 Rated withstand voltage

5.6.1 Rated DC withstand voltage

The ISG shall never spark over at this value during the tests even after performance of lightning
current test.
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5.6.2 Rated AC withstand voltage

The ISG shall never spark over at this value during the tests even after performance of lightning
current test.

5.7 Isolation resistance

Before the lightning current test the isolation resistance shall be higher than 100 MΩ and after the
lightning current test isolation resistance shall not be lower than 500 kΩ.

5.8 Marking

The ISG shall be marked at least with the following:

a) manufacturer’s or responsible vendor’s name or trade mark;
b) identifying symbol;
c) the classification in accordance with Clause 4.

In case if the marking in accordance with b) is not practical it may be given on the smallest package
unit.
The marking shall be durable and legible.
Compliance is checked in accordance with 6.3.
NOTE Marking may be applied for example by moulding, pressing, engraving, printing adhesive labels, or water slide transfers.

5.9 UV resistance

ISG housings shall be made of UV resistant material specified by the material’s supplier.
Compliance is checked by inspection of the documentation.

6 Tests

6.1 General

6.1.1 The tests in accordance with this standard are type tests.
6.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, tests are carried out with the specimens assembled and installed
as in normal use according to the manufacturer's or supplier's instructions.
6.1.3 Unless otherwise specified, three specimens are subjected to the tests and the requirements
are satisfied if all the tests are met.
If only one of the specimens does not satisfy a test due to an assembly or a manufacturing fault, that
test and any preceding one which may have influenced the results of the test shall be repeated and
also the tests which follow shall be carried out in the required sequence on another full set of
specimens, all of which shall comply with the requirements.
NOTE 1 The applicant, when submitting a set of specimens, may also submit an additional set of specimens which may be
necessary should one specimen fail. The testing station will then, without further request, test the additional set of specimens
and will reject only if a further failure occurs. If the additional set of specimens is not submitted at the same time, the failure of
one specimen will entail rejection.
NOTE 2 If the ISG has an integral connection component part with its design the ISG shall be subjected to the testing regime
of EN 50164-1 using the appropriate lightning current given in Table 1 of this standard.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) –8–

NOTE 3 Prior to the testing of the ISG and clamp assembly, suitable protection measures should be employed to ensure that
the housing is not exposed to the conditioning treatment.

6.2 Electrical test

6.2.1 Isolating resistance

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The test is conducted with a DC voltage of 0,5 times the rated withstand voltage, but with a maximum
of 500 V.
The required isolating resistance shall be recorded no later than 30 s after applying the test voltage.
8
The specimen is deemed to have passed the test if the value is equal or greater than 10 Ω.

6.2.2 Withstand voltage

The rated withstand voltage has to be tested according to the declaration of the rated withstand
voltage by the manufacturer according to 3.5.

6.2.2.1 Power frequency withstand voltage

The rated power frequency withstand voltage will be tested by applying an a.c. voltage at the terminals
of the ISG with a nominal frequency of 50 Hz and a r.m.s. value as declared by the manufacturer, for a
time period of 60 s.
The prospective short circuit current of the source may be limited to a minimum value of 5 mA. During
the application of the test voltage the ISG shall not operate. No operation of the ISG is given if the
r.m.s value of the ohmic components of the measured test current is below 1 mA during the whole test
period.
The specimen is deemed to have passed the test if no signs of cracks or punctures appear on the
enclosure.

6.2.2.2 DC withstand voltage

The rated DC withstand voltage will be tested by applying a DC voltage at the terminals of the ISG.
The voltage is increased continuously at a rate of 100 V/s until the value as declared by the
manufacturer is reached for a time of 60 s.
The prospective short circuit current of the source may be limited to a minimum value of 5 mA. During
the application of the test voltage the ISG shall not operate. No operation of the ISG is given if the
value of the measured test current is below 1 mA during the whole test period.
The specimen is deemed to have passed the test if no signs of cracks or punctures appear on the
enclosure.

6.2.3 Rated sparkover voltage

An impulse voltage 1,2/50 with a peak value of the declared impulse sparkover voltage is applied at
the terminals of the ISG. The test is performed with five surges of positive and negative polarity and
the ISG has to operate at each test impulse with no visual cracks in the enclosure.

6.2.4 Lightning current

After 6.2.3 and the conditioning according to Annex A the specimen is pre-stressed with a test current
in accordance of 0,5 Iimp, followed by second test current of Iimp after the ISG has cooled down close to
ambient temperature. The test current shall reach the peak value Iimp within 50 µs or smaller.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
–9– EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

All the parameters are given in Table 1.

a
Table 1 – Lightning impulse current [Iimp] parameters

ISG Iimp Q W/R T1 td

Classification [kA] ± 10 % [As] ± 20 % [kJ/Ω] ± 35 % [µs] [ms]
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H 100 50 2 500 ≤ 50 ≤2
N 50 25 630 ≤ 50 ≤2
1L 25 12,5 160 ≤ 50 ≤2
2L 10 5 25 ≤ 50 ≤2
3L 5 2,5 6,3 ≤ 50 ≤2
a
These parameters are derived from EN 61643-11 Subclause 7.1.1.

NOTE When a lightning current flows in an arc, a shock wave is produced. The severity of the shock is dependent upon the
peak current and the rate of rise of the current. The shorter the rise time the greater the severity. In general, the acoustic shock
wave may cause damage to the surrounding components, such as the enclosure of the ISG.

The specimen is deemed to have passed the test if no signs of cracks or punctures appear on the
enclosure.
After the current test, the tests according to 6.2.4.1, 6.2.4.2 and 6.2.4.3 shall be carried out.

6.2.4.1 Isolating resistance

The isolating resistance is tested and recorded in accordance with 6.2.1. The specimen is deemed to
have passed the test if the value is equal or greater than ≥ 500 kΩ.

6.2.4.2 Withstand voltage

Repeat the test again as per 6.2.2.

6.2.4.3 Rated sparkover voltage

Repeat the test again as per 6.2.3.

6.3 Marking test

The marking is checked by inspection and by rubbing it by hand for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked
with water and again for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked with petroleum spirit.
After the test the marking shall be legible.
NOTE 1 The petroleum spirit is defined as an aliphatic solvent hexane with a content of aromatics of maximum 0,1 volume
percentage, a kauributanol value of 29, an initial boiling point of approximately 65 °C, a dry point of approximately 69 °C and a
density of approximately 0,68 g/cm3.
NOTE 2 Marking made by moulding, pressing or engraving is not subjected to this test.

7 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Products covered by this standard are, in normal use, passive in respect of electromagnetic influences
(emission and immunity).
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) – 10 –

A1 8 Structure and content of the test report

The purpose of this instruction is to provide general requirements for laboratory test reports. This document
is intended to promote clear, complete reporting procedures for laboratories submitting test reports.
The results of each test carried out by the laboratory shall be reported accurately, clearly, unambiguously
and objectively, in accordance with any instructions in the test methods. The results shall be reported in a
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test report and shall include all the information necessary for the interpretation of the test results and all
information required by the method used.
Particular care and attention shall be paid to the arrangement of the report, especially with regard to
presentation of the test data and ease of assimilation by the reader. The format shall be carefully and
specifically designed for each type of test carried out, but the headings shall be standardized as indicated
herein.
The structure of each report shall include at least information according to 8.1 to 8.7.

8.1 Report identification

8.1.1 A title or subject of the report.
8.1.2 Name, address and telephone number of the test laboratory.
8.1.3 Name, address and telephone number of the sub test laboratory where the test was carried out if
different from company which has been assigned to perform the test.
8.1.4 Unique identification number (or serial number) of the test report.
8.1.5 Name and address of the vendor.
8.1.6 Report shall be paginated and the total number of pages indicated.
8.1.7 Date of issue of report.
8.1.8 Date(s) of performance of test(s).
8.1.9 Signature and title, or an equivalent identification of the person(s) authorized to sign for the testing
laboratory for the content of the report.
8.1.10 Signature and title of person(s) conducting the test.

8.2 Specimen description

8.2.1 Sample description.
8.2.2 Detailed description and unambiguous identification of the test sample and/or test assembly.
8.2.3 Characterization and condition of the test sample and/or test assembly.
8.2.4 Sampling procedure, where relevant.
8.2.5 Date of receipt of test items.
8.2.6 Photographs, drawings or any other visual documentation, if available.

8.3 Standards and references

8.3.1 Identification of the test standard used and the date of issue of the standard.
8.3.2 Other relevant documentation with the documentation date.

8.4 Test procedure

8.4.1 Description of the test procedure.
8.4.2 Justification for any deviations from, additions to or exclusions from the referenced standard.
8.4.3 Any other information relevant to a specific test such as environmental conditions.
8.4.4 Configuration of testing assembly.
8.4.5 Location of the arrangement in the testing area and measuring techniques. A1
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
– 11 – EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

A1 8.5 Testing equipment, description

8.5.1 Description of equipment used for every test conducted i.e. generator, conditioning/ageing device.

8.6 Measuring instruments description

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8.6.1 Characteristics and calibration date of all instruments used for measuring the values specified in the
standard i.e. shunts, oscilloscope, ohmmeter, torque meter.

8.7 Results and parameters recorded

8.7.1 The measured, observed or derived results shall be clearly identified at least for:
8.7.1.1 isolating resistance,
8.7.1.2 withstand voltage (power frequency withstand voltage, DC withstand voltage),
8.7.1.3 rated sparkover voltage,
8.7.1.4 lightning current carrying capability (current, charge, specific energy, duration),
8.7.1.5 connection component test results (ohmic resistance tightening and loosening torques),
8.7.1.6 marking,
8.7.1.7 UV resistant.
8.7.2 A statement of pass/fail identifying the part of the test for which the specimen has failed and also a
description of the failure.

The above shall be presented by tables, graphs, drawings, photographs or other documentation of visual
observations as appropriate. A 1
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) – 12 –

Annex A
(normative)

Conditioning of ISG’s
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The conditioning consists of a salt mist treatment according to A.1 followed by a humidity sulphurous
atmosphere treatment according to A.2, and an additional atmosphere treatment for specimen made
of copper alloy with a copper content less than 80 % according to A.3.

A.1 Salt mist treatment

Salt mist treatment according to EN 60068-2-52:1996 except for Clauses 7, 10 and 11 which are not
applicable.
The test is carried out using severity (2).

A.2 Humid sulphurous atmosphere treatment

Humid sulphurous atmosphere treatment according to EN ISO 6988:1994 with seven cycles with a
concentration of sulphur dioxide of 667 ppm (in volume).
Each cycle which has a duration of 24 h is composed of a heating period of 8 h at a temperature of
40 °C ± 3 °C in the humid saturated atmosphere which is followed by a rest period of 16 h. After that,
the humid sulphurous atmosphere is replaced.

A.3 Ammonia atmosphere treatment

Ammonia atmosphere treatment according to ISO 6957:1988 for a moderate atmosphere with the pH
value 10.
 BS EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009
– 13 – EN 50164-3:2006+A1:2009 (E)

Annex B
(normative)

Flow chart of tests

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Selection of three samples

8 8
≥ 10 Ω Isolating resistance < 10 Ω
according to 6.2.1 Failed

Withstand voltage according to Operation

Failed
6.2.2

Rated sparkover voltage No operation/cracks Failed

Passed
according to 6.2.3

Conditioning according to
Annex A

Lightning current according to

6.2.4

Damage
Visual inspection Failed

No damage
≥ 500 kΩ < 500 kΩ
Isolating resistance according
Failed
to 6.2.4.1

Withstand voltage according to Operation

6.2.4.2 Failed

Rated sparkover voltage No operation

Passed Failed
according to 6.2.4.3

Legible Illegible
Passed Marking test according to 6.3 Failed
 BS EN
50164-3:2006
+A1:2009 BSI - British Standards Institution
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