SOCIAL MOBILITY SYSTEM (CHANGE)-

> SHIFT IN SOCIAL STATUS OR RANK OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITHIN THE FRAME OF SOCIAL
STRUCTURE. INDIVIDUALS WHO GAIN POSITION IN A CERTAIN SOCIAL CLASS MAY HAVE A
BETTER STATUS.

TYPES OF MOBILITY:
VERTICAL MOBILITY
> INVOLVES THE UPWARD AND DOWNWARD MOBILITY WHICH MEANS A PROGRESSION OF SOCIAL
STATUS RELATED TO CLASS, POWER AND PRESTIGE. INVOLVEMENT OF INCOME AND ECONOMIC
STATUS.

HORIZONTAL MOBILITY
> MOVEMENT FROM ONE STATUS TO ANOTHER WITHIN THE SAME SOCIAL CATEGORIES. IT MAY BE
A TRANSFER OF POSITION TO ANOTHER AREA BUT WITH NO OTHER CHANGES IN THE POSITION.
INVOLVEMENT OF ECONOMIC STATUS.
EXAMPLE: TEACHER RESIGNING FROM SCHOOL A TO APPLY AS A TEACHER IN SCHOOL B

4 TYPES OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS:

CLASS
> BEING CLASSIFIED BASED ON/USING 3 THINGS, WEALTH, ECONOMIC STATUS/OCCUPATION AND
POWER (HIGH/UPPER (NEW AND TRADITIONAL RICH), MIDDLE (PROFESSIONAL/WORKING CLASS
WHICH HAS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO THE MINIMUM WAGE AND LOW CLASS (UNEMPLOYED OR
CLASS WHICH HAS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM WAGE)

CASTE
> BEING CLASSIFIED BASED ON THE DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITY. SUCH AS THE PRIESTS AND
ACADEMIANS BEING THE HIGHEST, FOLLOWED BY THE RULERS/ADMIN/WARRIORS,
ARTISANS/FARMERS, MANUAL LABORERS THEN 'UNTOUCHABLES' OR STREET CLEANERS.

ESTATE
> PRACTICE OF FEUADLISM BASED WHEREAS INDIVIDUALS WERE RANKED ACCORDING TO 3
CATEGORIES: CLERGY, NOBILITY AND COMMONERS. FINAL AUTHORITY IN THIS SYSTEM IS KING.
LIKE CLASS SYSTEM BUT STATED.

> BASED ON EXISTING LEGAL STRUCTURES.

SLAVERY
> MOST EXTREME FORM OF INEQUALITY; PROPERTY OF PEOPLE; OFTEN MALTREATED BY THEIR
OWNERS; NO RIGHTS AND DEPRIVED EVERYTHING BECAUSE IT IS BELIEVED THAT THEY ARE
CREATED TO WORK ONLY FOR OTHERS.
>> ILLEGAL IN THE MODERN WORLD

SOCIAL INEQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION:

INEQUALITY - GAP BETWEEN THE RICH AND THE POORT
EXCLUSION - ALIENATING OR DIVIDING INDIVIDUALS OR A GROUP IN A CERTAIN SOCIETY.

OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION:

BUBBLES AND BAG EXPANSION PROVE THAT THERE IS RESPIRATION I.E. YEAST.

CELLULAR RESPIRATION TYPES:

> GLYCOLYSIS
> KREBS CYCLE
> ELECTRON TRANSPORT

NEEDING OXYGEN, WITHOUT IT YOU CANNOT MAKE ATP OR ENERGY THEN STUCK TO GLYCOLYSIS
(NO KREBS AND ELECTRON TRANSPORT)
STARTS WITH GLYCOLYSIS
GLYCOLYSIS
> NEEDS ATP AND GLUCOSE
> NO OXYGEN NEEDED

TECHNIQUES:

GLYCOLYSIS:
COUNT THE NUMBER OF CARBONS: 6 IN ONE LINE IS GLUCOSE
USING THE ATP IT BECOMES ADP

THEN IT BREAK DOWNS TO 2 PERUVIC ACID

ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC

> ANAEROBIC - NO OXYGEN NEEDED
> AEROBIC - OXYGEN NEEDED

ANAEROBIC:
> ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION: USED BY YEAST ONLY; PRODUCES ALCOHOL AND CO2. ONLY
UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS OR ONLY YEAST CAN HAVE THIS.
> LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: USED BY ANIMALS/BACTERIA: PRODUCES LACTIC ACID; REASON
FOR BURNING MUSCLES WHEN WORKING OUT
> > WHEN YOU WORK OUT, MAKE SURE TO STOP WHEN IT IS PAINFUL AS IT TOO MUCH LACTIC
ACID WHICH IS TOXIC AND LEAD TO DEATH.

IN LACTATE: MODERATE AMOUNT IN BLOOD, BUT WITH TOO MUCH CAN LEAD DEATH.