ORIGIN ACADEMY

ICSE – CLASS 10
BIOLOGY
HUMAN NUTRITION (FOOD & DIGESTIVE SYSTEM)
1. Which type of food is not digested before being absorbed by the body?
A carbohydrate
B fat
C protein
D water
2. The diagram shows the human alimentary canal. In which structure is most glucose
absorbed into the blood?

3. Which dietary component is unlikely to be deficient in a meat-free diet?

A fat
B fibre
C protein
D vitamin D
4. The bacterium Salmonella enterica can cause severe food poisoning and the lining of the
5. alimentary canal may be damaged. In these cases absorption of digested food products
cannot easily take place.
Which region of the alimentary canal is most affected?
A colon
B ileum
C oesophagus
D stomach
6. Which organ produces amylase?
A gall bladder
B liver
C oesophagus
D pancreas
7. The diagram shows a large food molecule changing into smaller molecules.

What is process X?
A absorption
B chewing
C digestion
D secretion
8. Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called rickets in which bones fail to develop
properly. The table shows some minerals and vitamins present in four foods.
Which food would be best for a child who has rickets?
9. Which components make up most of the dry mass of a balanced diet?
A calcium compounds, carbohydrates and fats
B carbohydrates, fats and proteins
C fats, proteins and vitamins
D proteins, vitamins and calcium compounds
10. A person ate food X. Food X was not affected by enzymes until it reached the
duodenum.
What was in food X?
A fat
B mineral ion
C protein
D starch
11. Scientists investigated digestion in different species of mammal. The mammals that
they studied ranged in size from an elephant shrew, Elephantulus edwardii, with a mass
of 50 g to an ox, Bos taurus, with a mass of 220 kg. The scientists added indigestible
particles to the animals’ food and timed how long the particles stayed in the digestive
system. The results for 24 different mammal species are shown in the figure.

The scientists concluded that food stays longer in the digestive systems of larger
mammals compared with smaller mammals. Discuss the evidence from the figure for and
against the statement that food stays longer in the digestive systems of larger mammals.

12. Fig. given below shows part of the thoracic and abdominal cavities of a human.

(a) (i) Name the structures labelled G, H and M

(ii) The table given below shows five functions of organs in the abdominal cavity.
Complete the table by: • naming the organ that carries out each function • using the
letters from the figure given above identify the organ named. One row has been
completed for you.
 (b) Fat is particularly difficult to digest as it is not water soluble and forms spherical
globules in the alimentary canal. The diagram shows what happens to fat globules
when mixed with bile.
.

(i) Name the process shown.

(ii) Explain the advantage of the process shown in the figure.
(c) Insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by the pancreas to control the concentration of
glucose in the blood.
(i) Complete the table given below to show how the uptake of glucose by cells and the
concentration of glucose in the blood respond when the two hormones are secreted. Use the
words increases, decreases and stays the same to complete the table.

(ii) State another hormone that influences the concentration of glucose in the blood.
(iii) Explain why the control of the concentration of glucose in the blood is an example of
negative feedback.

13.
a) Use the letters from the figure to complete the table to give the part of the human
digestive system that is identified by each function.
Write one letter only in each box. You may use the same letter more than once. There are some
letters that you will not use. The first one has been done for you.
The human diet provides nutrients for the synthesis of biological molecules that make up cells,
cell products and tissues.
b) (i) Complete the table given below to show the nutrients that are absorbed from food to
synthesise the large molecules listed.

(ii) Mineral ions are required in the human diet in small quantities. State the mineral ion
required for each process:
making bone
making haemoglobin
(iii) State another type of nutrient required in the human diet in small quantities.

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