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States of Matter
questions,

Intermolecular Forces
lrepulsion
ntermoleculbetween
ar forces are forces of attraction and The Gas Laws
include interacting particles that
(A)dipole-dipole forces will
5
Which amongst the following options is correct
graphical representation of Boyle's Law?
(B) dipole-induced dipole
(C)hydrogen bonding forces T,>T,>T,
(D)covalent bonding
(E) dispersion forces. (a) p

Choose the most

options given below: appropriate answer from the
(a) A, B, C, E are
(b) A, C, D, E are correct.
(c) B, C, D, E are correct. V
(d) A, B, C, Dare correct.
correct. (2023) (b) P
Dipole-induced
which dipole interactions are present in
of the following pairs?
V,<V;<V,
(a) HCI and He atoms (b)
(c) H,0 and alcohol SiF, and He atoms
(d) Cl, and CCl, (2013)
3. Which one of the
interactions?
following is the correct order of P
T,> T,> T,
(c)
(a) Covalent <hydrogen bonding <
<dipole-dipole van der Waals'
(b) van der Waals' < hydrogen
dipole <covalent bonding < dipole V

(c) van der Waal' < dipole-dipole <

bonding <covalent hydrogen T
(d) Dipole-dipole < van der Waals' < hydrogen (d) p
bonding <covalent. (1993) I,>T,>T,
The Gaseous State 1/V
(2023)
4. Which of the 6 Choose the
option for
correct

gases?
following statements is wrong for representation of Boyle's law, which shows agraphical
graph of
(a) Confined gas exerts uniform pressure on the pressure
(P) vS volume of a gas at different
Pressure temperatures.
walls of its container in all directions. bar
(b)Volume of the gas is equal to volume ofcontainer
(a 600K
confining the gas.
(c) Gases do not have a definite shape and volume. 400 K
200 K
(d) Mass of a gas cannot be determined by
weighing a container in which it is Volume (V)’
enclosed. (1999) (dm)
hs chapter is not included in the latest NCERT textbook.
 10. 9.
8.
A
sidessume (d) (cP=My (a) Which
) (b) pressure for Equation mass
(c) 0°C(a) of Pressure
ldealGas absolutezerocentrigrade 265(cmL 569(aml
) was
10.0 p, its
) volume At 36
state x,=
gaseous P;=xp, p=p, Dalton's 25°Cand (d) (c)
the
= L = volume of colected. Pressure (P)
O, xp°, mole of one wil bar Pressure (p) (b)
RT
+P2 an
remaining har Pressute (P)
1 flask gas flask gaseous Law is the
in fractionwhere
mixture,where +P3 atrise ideal 730
is
Lbarcontains not V'()’
Ifolume |(200
RT
of in oxVgen the mm (dm) lolunne
()’ Volume(1)
behavi
bar isng pf= x p,
= mixturepartialcorrect temperature gas the (dm') K. (dm')
K = of
partial temperature pressure, 400
64g (d) (b) increasessame, occupy
621(dmL
) 365(bmL 40 K
pressure nole "gas RT pressure? ) 60 K K,
mathematical 600 200 R
ol-')ideally).
of in
fractionpressure its its the 600 K
400 K
gaseous
of Boyle
critical
by at 380 K)
oxygen 1" definite for
volume 760 is
The Here constant, mLof
gas of of temperature.
temperature every mm
in fh
mixture p
equation
pressure 27°C.at(2022) ga gas = of pressure? dry
pure s (1989) fractiondegree (1999) a Oxygen
in total given what (2021)
19. 18. 17. 16.
pressure
mixturemoles 6.50u
AMolecular 15. 14.
(respectively.
c)50.00(a) u through Two (c64) u(a)27
u as A(c)32(a)96gasunder
gaseous helium. seconds 50 g/m3.4L(1c) g/mL 13. 12. A
certain B mL pressure? 3/(a8)
1.4(a0) What 1/(c8) escape? in
botplaced
h Equal ChO0se11.the MbG
of gases the 3.96.66L
10(c) L(a) [Use374°C
The bar (c)15bar(a) [Use
9
partial
ofwas is the 2.602 (c)26.02(a )
|Given total atm) 49.(c8) (2.a5)
CO 36, of is mixture 7g
the mixture mass porous a A Its gas respectively each the time can moles in R= volume atomic mixture
of of NEET-AIPMT
nitrogenfound and The and moleculartakes similar
the (R= escape. a 0.083 and pressure volume in
ofB gas density requiredcontainer a
N2. B molecular 0.082 1 masses ofand N, R0.082
was molecular
partition
wil having of bar bar
occupied th e mixture
three conditions. A correct
(N,) 1 If 25.00(d) u for and
Whathydrogen LK-'mol-] pressure wi l be of 8 N, of Chapterwise
Soktons
Topicwise
atmosphere,prepared
the 12.25(b) u be mass L of fo r (in gases gand one
(d9u
) (b)36
u times (d)64 atm N, with N, of I.
in the 128(b) mass effusing of g/ml 0.2(9d)g/ml2.8(b1) fraction g atm litre option of
the total mass in will
b2)
gas 1/(d4) 1/(one-half by
mol):N=14, is in Ar. Ar
same
20 ga
(Karnataka s NEET
2013) K' m ol-!) a 5. 3 (7
d)
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(b) bar.(d18
) bar(b)12 g4
as of If at pin-hole 1.8 the gases
If 25.18(d)2.518 (b ) mol- at
mixturepressure by be
long molecular B and the s-K,T=
ofand gas through takes 227°C of (Odisha NEET
2019) cylinder 0°and O,for (d)4.9498.6(b)
the taking volume ofthe oxygen g total in Cis
A10(Mains 2012) to A th e of
is is will 150 (NEET-I
and 2016) oxygen through a pressYE 2gthe
total
partial equalof (2011) seconds effuse a hydrogen water Arpressure cylinder
the 49diffuse (2012) bemass pin and 5.0 0 gases 27 is 273
escapes vapour 40 1
u. out atm which (2020) bar,
ofhole 20 K
to are th
 28, 26. 25. 24. 23. 2. 1. 0 StaMattesterof
27
minutes 100°C373°C
(c) (would
a) At (c) (a)obeyWhich 41648 215216 pressure The (d) (c) b) (pressure
a ) surface
of and Aatm(c0)
.9 atm(0.a)5
Atconstant(a) (a) (c) (b) (a) PV=nRTSelect (d) (c) (b) (a) The (d) (R=0.082 (c) STP(a)At also idealUnderminutes (c) 8(a)32of of 50 C=12.01,
(c)Pa(a)PaH= inà
the
oxygen amL what O;Cl, Volume bubble
the
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Impossible a vessel, Dalton's 0.03 m factor VolumeVolume Volume
moles
denotes is concentration gas of be of bubble?
ratio gas the one what and and pressure
where
is
the litre' not hydrogen
to 1.625
temperature, the 2.5of
, of
temperature, is litre-atmosphere
litre-atmosphere
litre-atmosphere
correct value T= litre in CO, SO, will will 1.0 air
present. number
of diffuse law wil wi l
of pressure volume conditions 20 following 1.0vessel
pressure the under 12 atm only times 1 exerted become become
become
bar, the
atmosphere- of K minutes. of become 1.5 is
gas statement.
of the mol-' exhibit
of outdiffuses partial and at temperature what ünderwater
of of any than bar.
in the have a
molecules gas l the 6.0by
and one ) mole minutes will minutes
(d)12(b)64 is 173°C(620°C (dN, mixtures
) (b) (13409
d) (bPa) 129°C
R= greater
smaler greater
a gas conditions (bdeg)
a The d) (b) the pressure? greater wil If atm(d) 1atm0.(b)8
K- K out rate CO, 31684 8.314 the
volumegiven volume mole V K Kconstant When pressure a
litre-1? time rate happen
when In . mol!
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mass pure ofandO,and of JK- bybybyby temperature
of of the of masses: is
always the a V= taken effusion gases Pa (Atomic a a a a
of only gas gas R sampleof SO, He (Mains mol)methane(Mains gas 2011) factorfactorfactor 25°C
to
an gas is 22. 4 a the rises
one equation, close l by
small at does
remains ideal (1992) (1993) litres atm (1994) of of of
(1992) of 40(1996) 50°C? (1996) of 2010) 1.1. 1.6 .
volume and to (2011)
mole to mL hole 0.7 0. 15°C
gas but an N, not the the

37. 36. 35. 34. 33. 32. 31. 30. 29.

that
Ifa molecule a)
(c) (molecule m"2(a) Root (a)
velocity Thehalved
get(remains
sc) same(a) 927°C. The 4.doubled?
(c0) molecule By (c) (a)Correct (a) an IfP
substance
Molecular
aTheKinetic
proportional (a) H,, The (c)1:2:3
to (d) (c) (b) V2:/3:y3/n (2.a)0 is Kinetic temperature (d) (c) (b)
gas 4.0 2.2 H,N,, root what ideal
PM RT constant.
remains the volume
energy mean HBr H,HBr ratio temperature V P V, pressure
expands x x <N, O, and The M,
10-20 10-19 per is <0,<<O,<N,<< mean gas gas,
N,=0,< and among root increasefactorEnergy Tand product
4.0 is
atomJ absorbed (b) m square <O, root equation (b) the and alwaysalways
at J x 4.4 HBrsquare does
10-1 H, < mean mean RT
densityP
constant will of gas are R of
x most when the and
remains
Theory
Gases of velocity <N, HBr H,HBr are a is remains
be J. 10by velocity in square square gas constant
pressure, pressure
(d) (b) The m-l/2(c) the 1:2:V3 (d) (b)probable (d) (b) the
(1.d4) (b)2.8 average Molecular (d) (b) (c) is
temperature, 2.0 each is given
2.0 kinetic and J of order gets gets speedraised temperature M constant
constant
a V2:V8/at velocity velocity volume,
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x x molecule
bond STP by
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27 of
energy (1990)(d) m velocity, from Speeds volume
molecule for is the (d)
it J J energy n:N3 given times (in aof molar
indicates the gas 27°C RT PM
(2009) of (A,) (1991) gaseous (1989) (1989) then (1991)
gases(1993) mean(1994)
by (2011) Kevin) mass, always
the per of
is to for 37
 (2015j (2013) are the
set-II
a, (2002) (1993 rea (1990)
fro writtem ab a from whi aof whenaexpect pressure is
forces 0, 3
and
expected of of CH,>,>H,
>0,>H, >CH,>H,
at H,
Soktions pressures. is are orderorder H>0,
order gas, behaviour
pressurepressure
pressure gas
pressure intermolecular NH,1.36
pressures
a
and
equatión gases ideal nRT?
PV=
equation you and and a
increasing CH,> pressurepressure
pressure ideal for (RT)-l
(b)
for 0.244,
is decreasing pressure high
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NHg where Select
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H, 0, an low high
high
do temperature
low.temperature state
Topicwiselowideal of the low an When
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ow sets (u)(W)()(W) as and and like is is of
Waals low highhighlowin and and idealtemperature temperature Gases 4.17,
ofLiquefaction
andand from
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temperature constant. equation
for
Chapterwise He in
set-I gas, temperature,
temperature, temperature behave
temperature
temperatures
temperatures der
=n
and
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He<0,<
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temperature,
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gases CO,,O, giveningven Waals'
conditions?
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NEET-AIPMT <
Maximum
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gases () When At At At At
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WG 46. A
47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52.
same (2000)
per (1996) unit the speed.
to (1992)from 20 the gas (2019)
same (2008) (1993) (1993)
states (1992) molecules.
proportional most
gas, situation,
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under
the
theincreases at per three will
remains decreasesN,
and KE,
volumes
ideal
10|gas
j
10-2 He energies gasP=E
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Deviation
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pressures
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increases.>KE,
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7.166.17 speeds of In moveis is
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I.0 2
of of kinetic pressure in water statestate. a PV has
molecules energy(b) Both energy 25°C rates. 0°C. threestate into Gases- an at high
(b)(d) and
volumes
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factor forces lawhigh
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gas kinctic anything at
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ldeal
Gas that
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repulsive
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carbon
idealtemperatures
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3
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42.
A A (a) (b)
43. 44. 45.
39 pressure
cooker pressurebeansin (2001)
cooking (d) a) (d)(d) (b)
the pressure
bar
pressureincreasing
increasing mol!
softens 10. 19. 29. 39. 49. 15
x
while K mol
=0.25
300 bar
P=4.986
’ atm total14.85mol
=0.lK- gas
(d) (b) (d) (a) (a) =0.55
in cooker T=nRT xfraction bar
L
each
lost 25.2 =
earlier withwith 18. 28. 38. 48. g, mol
=0.2 0.250.450.25+0.2 27 0.083 1/8
pressure
decreases
increases not
9.
64 = PV = 7 28
22.4 ofN,= x 1.8 18
= of =x
L
5.37 =
=RT =2.80
atm moles escaped
cooked (a)(b) (c) (a) (c) =
0, equation,
22.4
=
atm
mole0.55 R=
is
cooker.
pressure 300 law, +
=2.80 = M escaped
2
of energy 37. 47. of M
Dalton's
moles 40 0.25 = ’n=bar, 647 0.1x0.083
x of
State
Liquidare pointpointpressure 8. 17. 27. Explanations
&
HintsMass x
gas 10.083
PV 273 0.0821
x 273 PH, of Ar
=
=:
gas
N,
K,P=l number
hydrogen
8 oxygen
(b) (b) (d)(b) Applying
boiling internal L, 2
Numberof N, g
beans boiling 10 ideal 0.0821 to
x
according+ moles of of 1.8 the of
because extra 26. 36. 46. V= to 64 32 Po,
fraction
pressure m=
647
374°C= Let of
Mo, 1/!Mo, fraction
7. (None) (d):According : =
The (a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) Potal : ofNumber : nRT : Fraction
(a) (d) 32 2 (c) (d) (c) 2 Hence,
ANSWER c) c) Mole Partial
4
O, "H,
2 P
KEY Now,
54. 10. 11. Po, PH, 12. 13. T=
V=:
14.
16. 25. 35. 45.
6. |
easily cannot
(2018) negligible(1995) andmolecules).
existthat 0) covalent.
a the formed.cylinder. container law. "Theby of
(d) (b) (b) (d) a) = order of because, Boyle' s
600
KK 400K200 ( ) ’ decreases
fall
attractionthatforces (u that that or
most gases 54. non-polar
bonds. < than bond empty
small
size.
in 5. 15. 24. 34. 44. the dipole-dipole the states rise
are
liquid 0°C andforcesthe strongest the
is of of followslarger the cylinderweighing represents or
gases (d) theory molecules (d) (C) (d) (C) (b)
forces(atoms andcovalent
electrostatic is of =?, which
degree
increases
Co, a above
becoming ions interactions.
stronger Mass n.,
and
(b)
H, 14. 23. 33. 43. 53. is is gases. V,
kinetic its is relatively 4. the
are particles i.e., He
forces H-bond the by
interaction bond correctly (P
following < - mm, =365 law each P
mL
together, hydrogen-bonding
chargedand of gas determined law, gas constant
temperature (b) (d) (a) (d) (b) (a) the Mass including
for
=730 Charles'
between the covalent
overlapping, wrong Boyle's a for pressure."
obeying before are interacting 0) of (d) is
because 3. 13. 22. 32. 42. 52. incude #
(u dipole
oppositely of length = option V P, P,V,380 730x
PV of 0°C
the Intermolecular molecule gas is and to
mass at
acting molecules (a)(c) polar strength also be (d) to constant
T)
at mL, = 760 at constant
of gas, solidifes critical (d) (c) (d)
12. 31.
(b) (a)
41. (c) bondAnd the canenclosed.
dipole-induced in
According
P 380 mm.P,
V, According
givenvolume
one liquefied,
be not
between of of statement
liquehed?
s (b)
forces is
doestwoa HCl The< extent gas Graph between law,
Mater
olSiatos NH, O; ideal
(a) (c) its its 2.
21. 51.
(d)
50.
theof bond. Mass a is
Waalsbecause V,=
760Boyle's the at
its
which it term atomns of it (d): hyperbola. : of of
temperature
An (a) {c) (d) (a) (a) : repulsion
(a)
:
between(a)
(b):
der so covalent the :
(d) masswhich the :(a) :
(b) =P, (a) volume (d)
9.
greater Graph
hold gives van Thus, From 1/273
53. . 11. 20. 30. 40. 1.
This
2. 3. It
is So, in 5. 6. Poc 7. 8.
4.
 NEEAIPMT Chapterwine foplewina Soktion
I5, (): PVnRI Voume ofH, V 00 '
P\ RI Weight of the gas taken (4)
M
Mol mas of gas (MM)
dRT Mass
PVnRT
Volume M
A M
AJ4402
PM
41g / ml MV 003
RT 0082| S00
4|6477Pa 4I648 PA
l6. (None):Acvonding to Gabank law of dilusien.
A
22. (a) : , SO, Sunlight So,CH,
(Sulphuryl chlnrlde)
Daltons law of parthal pressure is applic able only those ease,
where gases are non-reacting. As CI, and SO, reacts (o
SO,C,o this law is not obeyed in given case.

TV T, - I50 see, T- 200 se, M, 36, M, ? 23. () 1,I.625r, and T, 50°C 323 K
'M 200
We knowthat M2, or L626
I50 VMA V28 323
36
4 36
or
4X4 36
or Ma x3x3 20.25
or I
(1.625) x28 x323 373.15K100.15°C
4X4
3 MA 3x3 M 64

17. (b):According to Grahams law of

diffusion, 24. (b) : Volume of hydrogen 50 ml.; Time for diffiusion (a
=20 min and volume of oxygen 40 mL.
M Rate of diffusion of hydrogen (r,) 50/20 2.5 mL/min
Rate of diffusion of oxygen (r,) =40/t mlL/min
Volume of gas diffused (V) Since the molecular mass of hydrogen (M) = 2 and that of
Rate of diffusion =
Time taken (t) Oxygen (M)) =32, therefore
2.5 32 = 4->tz64 mínutes
16
V,lt VM 40/t 2
lf same volume of two gases diffuse, then V, = V n
25. (c) : PV= nRT or P= RT = CRT
2 M,
Hence, l=1x 0.082 ×T ’ T= 0.082 = 12 K
Here t, = 3t,, M, = 4u, M, =?
26. (b)
|M2 ’9=2
4
’ M, =36 u 27. (c) : In ideal gas equation, PV= nRT
4 n moles of the gas have volume V.
18. (b) : We know that A A |M 28. (d) : According to Boyle's law at constant temperature,
VltB VMA or PV= Constant
'B_Mg 10
MB
2
20 V 49 29. (d) : Ideal gas equation is, PV = nRT=
m
mRTM
10 MB 100 or PM =RT = dRT [here d =density
49 400 49
49 X100 PM
=12.25 u ’ d=
400 RT
19. (a) : Pco+PN, = latm 30. (b) : PV = constant or 1 1 2
PN, = 1 ( nco = MN, T T, T
PN.=0.5 atm |8RT
2
31. (d) : Average velocity =
20. (a) : From ideal gas equation, y o TM
When Tbecomes 2T then
Given T, =15 + 273 = 288 K, P, = 1.5 bar
T, = 25 + 273 = 298 K, P, = l bar average velocity = 8R(2T)
288 298
1.5 ie., Vo« 192 and V, 1 i.e., V2 or 1.41 times increase.
298 32. (d) :T, = 27°C= 300 Kand T, = 927°C = 1200 K
=155 1.6
192
We know that root mean square speed (v) ox T. Theretore
SRsot Malter

mean square speed of the gas, when t6 tempetiute 4, V V V 97Y42

44

td) Most probable veloity. (ugen)

VM
Mesneoty, (ii)
V M
Ret mean square veloty, (u, m) hetween N$t, jergien
M

VM VnM V M
1 molecules Theretye ndes ster
(b) We know, pV mnu'

VPVIM,AI STP u VM and molecular masses <of

H N, O, and HBr are 2, 28, 32 and 81 larye the spee wpiedty the n e s enis
n
35. ():PV-mNu2.
3
root mean square velocity. ts MIy ba
here u
3PV the real gas would stisty the pntults f IES
Now ? or u ternperture is raised, ttevnE Í he
mN
6. (d) : nergy absorbed by each molecule =4.4 x 10-"J we can onsider
Energy required to break the bond = 4.0 x 10 19 |
Remaining energy to get converted to kinetic energy (V - nb) terrn as V.
-(4.4 x 1o 19 - 4.0 x 10-9) J=0.4 x 10-19 J per molecule
Kinetic energy per atom = 0.2 x 109 J or 2 102 |
37. (a) : Theaverage translational K.E. of one molecule of an | p v -nh)=n2T (ven der Waiseer
ideal gas will be given by
K.E. 3/2 RT This equation becoes PV = nT
E, = NA 2 This isan ideal gas eqution.
N
where RN, = Boltzmann constant i.e. E, « T 49. (b) : At low temperature end high pressure, the s
deviation from the ideal behains in gases
So, at constant temperature, K.E. of molecules remains the
same.
50. (d) : At high temperzture end wpressre he e c t
38. (a) : K.E. = RT (for one mole of agas)
a/y and bis negigíbie.
As we know, PV = nkT (Ldeal gas equato)
2
PV
As temperatures are same and KE is independent of molecular PV= RT or
mass, so KE, = KE,. RT
39. (d) : Temperature (T) = 25°C=298 K. Z=i [Z is conpresibility iactor
Hence gas shows ideal behaviour.
Therefore, K.E. per molecule
51. (c) : van der Waals' equation for I mole s
3RT 3x8.314x 298
-=6.17 x10-21j
2N 2x (6.02 x1023)
40. (a) : Because average kinetic energy depends only on
temperature K.E. =kT e|P*represents
Here,
V
the intermolecular íorcsnd(V-b)
41 (a): PV= -mnu' = 3 Mu is the correct volume.
3 52. (a) van der Waals cOnstznt signifes the
intermolecular forces of attraction between the particie of gas
3 2 3 So, higher the value of 'a, easier will be the iquefactson of gs
P=E
3
per unit volume. 53. (b) : A gas can only be hquefed, f some forces of
42 (b) : Velocity and hence average K.E. of water molecules attraction are acting in its molecules. Accord1ng to kinetik
1S maximum in the gaseous state. theory, an ideal gas is devoid of force of attraction in its
43. (c) : Molecules in an idealgas move with different speeds. molecules, therefore it cannot be iquehed.
Due to collision between the particles their speed changes. 54. (a) : More is the pressure, greater will be the boiling point