UNIVERSITY OF SAN JOSE-RECOLETOS

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

BASAK PARDO, CEBU CITY

Performance Task in General Chemistry 1

Product Proposal

“Glow Green, Eco Sunscreen”

Prepared By:

Macabale, Xedny Rhiane S.

Almaria, Anne Chloe O.
Dela Cerna, Bryenon Don
Modequillo, Steven A.
Sta Cruz, Karl Vincent N.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Chapter 1: OBJECTIVES
1.1. General Chemistry Objectives…………….…………………………………3
1.2. Earth Science Objectives…………….………………………………………3
2. Chapter 2: INTRODUCTION
2.1. Background of the Product…………...………………………………………3
2.2. Benefits…………...……………………………………………………………4
2.3. Overview of the present situation (Gen Chem & Earth Sci).....................5
3. Chapter 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT
3.1. Explanation of the Product………………………………………...…………6
3.2. Materials………………….…………………………………………………….7
3.3. Earth Science Environmental Description………………………………...10
3.4. Procedures………………………………………………………………..….11
3.5. Outline/Samples/Visuals…….…………………………………………..….13
4. Chapter 4: PRODUCT TIMELINE
4.1. Time Table [Preparation Stage]……………………………...……………..15
4.2. Time Table [Experimentation Stage]……………………………………….16
5. Chapter 5: NAMES OF THE RESEARCHERS
5.1. Description of tasks (w/ pictures)............................................................18
6. Chapter 6: INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENT FORM
6.1. General Chemistry Individual Scoring....................................................19
6.2. Earth Science Individual Scoring…….....................................................19

References....................................................................................................................20

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Tables
Table 1: Materials (w/ Estimated Amount, Description, Chemical Formula).........7
Table 2: New Compounds Formed........................................................................8
Table 3: Compounds (w/ No. of Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, Atomic Number,
and Atomic Mass)..................................................................................................9
Table 4: Compounds with Percent Composition..................................................10
Table 5: Product Timeline on Preparation............................................................15
Table 6: Product Timeline on Proposed Experimentation Stage..........................16
Figures
Fig. 1: Global Temperature Anomaly......................................................................5
Fig. 2: Skin Cancer Rates in the Philippines..........................................................6
Fig. 3: Procedure Diagram...................................................................................13

2
 OBJECTIVES
Given its surge in popularity over the years, sunscreen has become a
sought-after skincare product among all age groups. Within the market, many brands
are promoting sunscreens that fail to meet the necessary safety standards and, at that,
are priced significantly higher than their actual value. After extensive and thorough
research, our team is driven to propose to the market our very own unique sunscreen,
that aims to; (1) create a health-conscious formula composed of precisely selected
chemicals and ingredients, (2) achieve a balance between affordability and skin
protection, and (3) ensure its efficacy and to introduce to the general public a safely
formulated product made out of sustainable materials that is also cost-efficient.
Regardless of age or skin type, the researchers envision our sunscreen becoming a
dependable ally in safeguarding skin health. The researchers aspire to have this newly
created and sustainable sunscreen accessible to everyone worldwide, promoting our
chemically safe self-care product on a global scale.

In modern industries, a myriad of sunscreen companies typically generate

significant waste during production. Therefore, the researchers worked towards
developing a sunscreen that reduces waste in both its manufacturing process and
when used because a product that is sustainably processed is very helpful in reducing
negative environmental effects. Being able to value waste reduction and ecological
friendliness has further prompted us to utilize safe, organic chemicals, which are very
beneficial to our environment and consumers’ health and well-being as a whole, and
that is what we consider most important. In addition to that, should the product be
approved by public health protection agencies, the researchers will then implement
community sunscreen refill stations by providing a convenient location for residents
and visitors to refill their sunscreen containers. Through this, the community can actively
contribute to waste reduction, and resource conservation while fostering a greater
sense of environmental responsibility among its members. Through these methods, the
team continues to promote our sunscreen as a trove in the current market, as we are
confident in its value and potential.

INTRODUCTION

I. Background of the product

EcoShield SunCare is a product born out of increasing consumer awareness and
demand for safer and more environmentally friendly sun protection options. Traditional
sunscreens often contain a range of synthetic chemicals, such as oxybenzone and
octinoxate, which have raised concerns due to their potential harm to both human
health and aquatic ecosystems (Gonzalez, 2020). In response to these concerns, the
researchers have delved into various aspects of production in order to create the safest,
most effective, and cost-efficient sunscreen there is on the market. We aim to dedicate
research to choosing the purest chemicals that also provide maximal skin protection.
Further, UV radiation analysis and SPF testing have also been looked into in order to
guarantee the potency of the product. Considerable time and thorough research have
been invested in carefully selecting substances that carry minimal skin damage risks
and harmful environmental impact. EcoShield SunCare is an exceptionally formulated
product, focused on safe ingredients, free from microplastics and dangerous
nanoparticles, non-comedogenic, and 100% cruelty-free. These factors keep our

3
environment unaffected, as well. The commitment to ensuring the success in
scrutinizing these components emphasized the value of safety for the users.
Furthermore, these compounds have been chosen to be affordably viable in production,
allowing us to market the sunscreen at a fair price to customers.

II. Benefits

To LOCAL CITIZENS, this sunscreen contains natural ingredients that are

gentler on the skin, making it suitable for individuals with sensitive skin and reducing the
risk of skin irritation or allergic reactions. EcoShield SunCare avoids the use of
potentially harmful chemicals commonly found in conventional sunscreens, such as
Oxybenzone and Octinoxate, reducing citizens' exposure to these substances and their
potential health risks. Additionally, EcoShield SunCare supports environmentally friendly
practices, as this is produced with sustainable and eco-conscious methods (i.e. refillable
sunscreen stations). By opting for organically made sunscreen, local citizens not only
protect their skin but also contribute to a healthier planet.

To the ENVIRONMENT, with the rise of global warming and the thinning of our
ozone layer, using sunscreen has been essential to protect our skin from the harmful
effects of ultraviolet rays. The regular use of sunscreen plays a pivotal role in reducing
these risks, especially when it is formulated with meticulously chosen chemicals and
ingredients that ensure safety and protection. After undergoing product assessment, the
researchers regard it as true that our product is both suitable and healthy for use.
Introducing our sunscreen to the market will enable the public to access a self-care
product that is safely formulated and worth its price. Our sunscreen is made to be highly
accessible to a wide range of people, making it a practical choice for the masses.
Ecoshield Suncares’ team also intends to encourage more research into the
development of more sustainable skincare technology, looking forward to being at the
forefront of bringing safer and cutting-edge products to the market in the near future,
which is a current growing command of consumers. Not only will our sunscreen be a
cosmetic choice, but a healthcare product providing proficient care and protection to our
skin to preserve its longevity, and a medium for innovation and environmental
awareness.

To FUTURE RESEARCHERS, scientists can explore the safety and

effectiveness of our organic sunscreen, offering insights into their long-term viability and
capacity to shield against harmful UV radiation by using EcoShield SunCare as a basis.
This could pave the way for the development of safer and more efficient sunscreen
products. Additionally, researchers can investigate the environmental impact of our
organic sunscreen, shedding light on its eco-friendliness compared to conventional
counterparts, thus informing sustainability efforts. Moreover, studies can delve into the
impact of organic sunscreen on various skin types, highlighting potential benefits for
those with sensitive skin. By understanding consumer preferences and behaviors
related to organically made sunscreen, researchers can guide manufacturers in catering
to environmentally conscious consumers' needs. Lastly, global adoption and regulatory
assessments can help harmonize standards and promote safer sun protection options
worldwide. Overall, research into EcoShield promises a more holistic understanding of
sun protection, aligning it with sustainability and health considerations.

4
III. Overview of the Present Situation

In the modern world, the need for sunscreen has evolved into a global
imperative, shaped by a harmonious interplay of climatic and social forces. One of the
primary climatic issues is the increasing levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation due to factors
like climate change and ozone layer depletion. Climate change has led to more intense
and prolonged periods of sunshine in many parts of the world, exposing populations to
higher levels of UV radiation. Consequently, as the World Health Organization (WHO)
had it, the depletion of the ozone layer, primarily caused by human-made chemicals,
has allowed greater amounts of UV radiation to reach the Earth's surface. These
environmental changes have resulted in a higher risk of skin damage, sunburn, and an
increased incidence of skin cancer. Furthermore, the rise in skin cancer rates worldwide
is a significant social issue. Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers globally,
and its incidence is increasing. For instance, the American Cancer Society reports that
skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States, with over 5.4 million cases
diagnosed each year. In Australia, known for its high UV levels, skin cancer is a major
public health concern, with one of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world. This
demonstrates the global scope of the issue, as even countries not traditionally
associated with high UV levels are experiencing rising rates of skin cancer. Moreover,
social factors also play a role in the need for sunscreen. People are spending more time
outdoors, participating in activities like hiking, sports, and vacations. Additionally,
changing fashion trends have led to more skin exposure, increasing the risk of sun
damage. The desire for a tanned appearance remains prevalent in many societies,
driving people to spend time in the sun without adequate protection. This cultural
preference for tanned skin contributes to the social aspect of the demand for sunscreen.
As our world and the people in it continue to evolve, sunscreen remains a critical tool for
protecting against the harmful effects of UV radiation, reducing the risk of skin cancer,
and promoting skin health.

[Fig. 1: Global Temperature Anomaly (Reproduced from NASA Earth Observatory)]

Aside from a global scale, the local nation also is in desperate need of organic
sunscreen. The Philippines, with its tropical location near the equator, experiences an
abundance of intense and unrelenting sunlight throughout the year, leading
to elevated levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical,
and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) reports that UV Index values
frequently soar to substantial levels, particularly during the summer months (PAGASA,
2017). This heightened UV exposure, however, has not come without consequences.
The Philippines faces an escalating risk of skin cancer, a concerning health issue that

5
has been on the rise, as
indicated by data from the
Philippine Dermatological
Society. This upward trajectory
in skin cancer rates underscores
the severity of the problem in a
nation where sunlight is an
ever-present companion.
Prolonged exposure to this
intense UV radiation takes its toll
on the skin, resulting in damage
and premature aging. The
deleterious effects manifest in various ways, from painful sunburns to the development
of sun spots and unsightly skin darkening. These dermatological concerns weigh
heavily in a country where individuals find themselves frequently exposed to the sun's
unrelenting rays. Furthermore, there is a growing apprehension regarding melanoma, a
particularly deadly form of skin cancer. The World Cancer Research Fund's findings
paint a worrisome picture, indicating an increasing incidence of melanoma cases in the
Philippines. In light of these environmental and health challenges, there arises a
compelling need for sun safety education and awareness campaigns in the Philippines.
Many Filipinos remain unaware of the critical importance of sunscreen application and
other sun-protective measures. Hence, the researchers introduce a newly formulated
sustainable sunscreen, EcoShield SunCare. The call to action is clear: to empower
individuals with the knowledge and tools to shield their skin from the harmful
repercussions of UV radiation, thereby fostering a culture of skin health and well-being
in a nation where the sun's intensity is a constant presence.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT

I. Explanation of the Product

EcoShield SunCare represents a premium organically made sunscreen crafted
with a commitment to effective sun protection, environmental sustainability, and skin
well-being. This sunscreen is thoughtfully formulated using a harmonious blend of
natural and organic ingredients, including zinc oxide, shea butter, botanical extracts,
and nourishing oils. What sets EcoShield SunCare apart is its dedication to providing
comprehensive sun defense. It offers broad-spectrum protection, shielding the skin from
both UVA and UVB rays, thereby minimizing the risk of sunburn, premature aging, and
skin cancer. Beyond its protective capabilities, EcoShield SunCare prioritizes
skin-friendliness, ensuring that it is gentle enough for individuals with sensitive skin. It
not only cares for your skin but also reflects a commitment to eco-conscious practices,
making it a stellar choice for those seeking effective, environmentally responsible sun
protection.

6
 II. Materials
The researchers have thoroughly researched each of these materials and have
selected those few that are sustainable, renewable, and are easy to obtain without
damaging the environment or causing pollution from the result of its processes. These
selected materials are eco-friendly and plastic-free, unlike other products that disregard
the status of our environment. EchoShield is one of the few products that is
manufactured with an awareness of the environment’s situation.

Materials Estimated Description Main Chemical Formula

Amount Ingredient

Zinc Oxide 119 g / ½ It is used to treat Zinc Oxide ZnO

Powder cup (adjust itching, skin
for desired infections,
SPF level) chapped skin, and
skin conditions.

Shea Butter 119 g / ½ It helps skin retain Stearic Acid C18H36O2

cup moisture, which
makes it soft and
smooth.

Cocoa 119 g / ½ It has the ability to Alpha-tocoph C29H50O2

Butter cup hydrate and erol
nourish the skin
and improve
elasticity.

Olive Oil 59 g / ¼ Olive oil can be Oleic Acid C18H34O2

cup used as part of a
daily skincare
regimen or as
needed when your
skin feels dry.

Beeswax 59 g / ¼ Beeswax has Cetyl C15H31CO2C30H61

cup fantastic Palmitate
skin-softening
properties and
enhances skin
elasticity, helping
reduce the signs
of aging.

Lavender 10-15 drops It is effective Linalool C10H18O

Essential (adjust for against a host of
Oil fragrance skin concerns,
preference) pain,
inflammation,
stress, and
anxiety.
[Table 1: Materials (w/ Estimated Amount, Description, Chemical Formula)]

7
As aforementioned in Table 1: Materials (w/ Estimated Amount, Description, Chemical
Formula), the compounds form and/or create various new compounds or complexes
through chemical reactions. These reactions involves processes like esterification,
complexation, or other chemical transformations, leading to the formation of distinct
molecular structures with unique properties and characteristics. [see Table 2]

Zinc Stearic Alpha-toc Oleic Cetyl Linalool

Oxide Acid opherol Acid Palmitate

Zinc Zinc Zinc

Oxide stearate oleate
Zn(C18H3
5O2)2 +
H2O

Stearic Ester Ester

Acid

Alpha-toc Alpha-toc Alpha-toc Alpha-toc

opherol opherol opherol opherol
ester of ester of ester of
stearic oleic acid. cetyl
acid palmitate

Oleic Oleic acid Oleic acid Oleic acid

Acid ester of ester of ester of
alpha-toc cetyl linalool
opherol palmitate

Cetyl Mixed Ester of Ester of Ester of

Palmitate ester of cetyl cetyl cetyl
cetyl palmitate palmitate palmitate
palmitate and and oleic and
and alpha-toc acid linalool
stearic opherol
acid

Linalool Ester of Ester of Ester of

linalool linalool linalool
and and oleic and cetyl
stearic acid palmitate
acid
[Table 2: New Compounds Formed]

These are the compounds, each accompanied by its number of protons, electrons,
neutrons, atomic number, and atomic mass. This information provides a fundamental
understanding of the composition and identity of each compound's constituent atoms.
This data is essential in chemistry and physics for characterizing elements and
compounds, helping us comprehend their properties and reactivity. [see Table 3]

8
 Chemical Elements Number Number Number Atomic Atomic
Name Present of of of Number Mass
Protons Electrons Neutrons

Zinc Oxide Zinc 30 30 36 30 66 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

Stearic Acid Carbon 6 6 6 6 12 amu

Hydrogen 1 1 0 1 1.008 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

Alpha-Tocopher Carbon 6 6 6 6 12 amu

ol
Hydrogen 1 1 0 1 1.008 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

Oleic Acid Carbon 6 6 6 6 12 amu

Hydrogen 1 1 0 1 1.008 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

Cetyl Palmitate Carbon 6 6 6 6 12 amu

Hydrogen 1 1 0 1 1.008 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

Linalool Carbon 6 6 6 6 12 amu

Hydrogen 1 1 0 1 1.008 amu

Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 amu

[Table 3: Compounds (w/ No. of Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, Atomic Number, and
Atomic Mass)]

Aside from those mentioned above, these are the compounds, each accompanied by its
percent composition. Percent composition reveals the proportion of each element within
a compound, expressed as a percentage of the compound's total mass. This
information provides valuable insights into the chemical makeup of each compound,
helping to understand its properties and behavior. [see Table 4]

9
 Chemical Elements Number of Total Mass Molar Mass %mass
Name Present atoms in of Element of
the Compound
compound

Zinc Oxide Zinc 1 65.38 81.38 ≈80.31%

Oxygen 1 16.00 81.38 ≈19.69%

Stearic Acid Carbon 18 216.18 284.49 ≈76.00%

Hydrogen 36 36.36 284.49 ≈12.00%

Oxygen 2 32.00 284.49 ≈12.00%

Alpha-Tocopher Carbon 29 348.29 430.71 ≈80.86%

ol
Hydrogen 50 50.50 430.71 ≈11.71%

Oxygen 2 32.00 430.71 ≈7.43%

Oleic Acid Carbon 18 216.18 282.5 ≈76.52%

Hydrogen 34 34.4 282.5 ≈12.16%

Oxygen 2 32 282.5 ≈11.32%

Cetyl Palmitate Carbon 32 384.32 480.8 ≈79.92%

Hydrogen 64 64.64 480.8 ≈13.43%

Oxygen 2 32.00 480.8 ≈6.65%

Linalool Carbon 10 120.1 154.25 ≈77.85%

Hydrogen 18 18.18 154.25 ≈11.78%

Oxygen 1 16.00 154.25 ≈10.37%

[Table 4: Compounds with Percent Composition (all equal to 100%)]

III. Earth Science Environmental Description

The sustainability of these materials is a critical consideration in today's environmentally

conscious world. It involves evaluating the ecological, social, and economic impact of
producing, using, and disposing of these compounds. Evaluating the sustainability of
these materials is essential for making responsible choices in industries such as
manufacturing, construction, and product design, with the goal of safeguarding our
planet's health for future generations.

● Zinc Oxide - Zinc oxide is a natural mineral that provides the safest and most
effective protection against UV rays. Unlike chemical sunscreens, zinc forms a
physical barrier on the skin, reflecting the sun's rays rather than absorbing them.
Zinc is maintenance-free, which means no additional investments are required in
the long term. Zinc oxide is used as a bulking agent and a colorant. The FDA has

10
 determined that this white, powdery mineral is safe for use in cosmetic products
in concentrations up to 25 percent.
● Shea Butter – is a naturally processed product that comes from shea nuts. It is
an ivory-colored fat that is extracted from the nut of a shea tree. It is a natural
product that can be sourced from sustainable sources. It is also biodegradable
and will do no harm to the environment. Traditional shea butter processing is
done by village women who gather, boil and sun-dry, and roast the nuts before
they are pounded and ground into a fine paste. The paste is mixed with water to
separate the fat, which is then manually churned into creamy butteCocoa Butter -
Cocoa butter is a type of fat that is naturally found in cocoa beans. It's extracted
and used as an ingredient in chocolate production, and it can be found in cakes,
cookies, lattes, and savory dishes. It is a naturally processed product that is
biodegradable so it is safe for the environment
● Olive Oil - Olive oil is made through a process known as extraction which
involves the harvesting, crushing, malaxation of the fruit then centrifuging,
separation, and filtration of the oil, Olive is produced from the fleshy part of the
ripened fruit of the olive tree, Olea europaea, it is safe from the environment
because you can extract it manually without harming the tree or the environment
● Beeswax – It is a natural product that is produced by bees in order to create
honeycombs for their hive, it is a renewable resource that is produced by honey
bees. Beeswax is also biodegradable and can be safely disposed of without
harming the environment. The Process of collecting beeswax. The honeycomb is
attached to the frame with beeswax. To get the wax cappings, scrape an
uncapping knife down the frame from top to bottom in one steady motion. The
Honeycomb should easily slide off the frame with moderate pressure. It is
environmentally safe as harvesting beeswax does not harm the bees or the
comb, and the bees will rebuild and refill the comb with honey.
● Lavender Essence Oil - Lavender is famous for its ability to subsist in low-water
conditions, this plant is a low-maintenance plant and only needs little watering.
The plant has a high tolerance to droughts and frosts, and minimizes the need for
irrigation, making it a sustainable option for arid or water-scarce regions. This
helps to conserve precious water resources and reduce agricultural water
pollution. To summarize, Lavender does not need high-quality soil or
maintenance to grow, it is very easy to grow and produce and is considered to be
the best flower for beginners who want to have a garden. Processing Lavender
Essential oil goes by harvesting the flower first, then the harvested lavender
flower and stem are compacted into a lavender still. A boiler is used to steam the
bottom of the still filled with Lavender flowers at a low pressure.

IV. Procedures
Materials needed during the process:
1. Safety Gear (Gloves and Masks)
2. Glass Bowl
3. Cooking Pot
4. Plate
5. Whisk
6. Measuring Scale
7. Spoon

11
Procedures

Step 1: Wear gloves and a mask when handling zinc oxide powder to avoid inhalation.

Step 2: Measure out a half cup (½) of Shea Butter and Cocoa Butter using a
measuring scale and place them in a glass bowl.

Step 3: Measure out a quarter cup (¼ ) of Beeswax and Olive Oil using a measuring
scale and place them in a glass bowl.

Step 4: Fill a pot with a couple of inches of water (approximately 1 - 2 inches of water
depth) and place a heat-resistant plate over the pot to create a double boiler.

Step 5: Put the glass bowl containing the measured ingredients (shea butter, cocoa
butter, olive oil, and beeswax) on top of the plate in the pot. This will allow for gentle
indirect heating.

Step 6: Heat the water in the pot over low-medium heat, bringing it to a simmer. Ensure
the water doesn't touch the bottom of the glass bowl.

Step 7: Stir the ingredients occasionally as they melt. The mixture should become a
smooth, liquid consistency.

Step 8:: Once all the ingredients are completely melted, remove the glass bowl from the
heat and allow it to cool to room temperature. This cooling process helps prevent the
essential oils and zinc oxide from evaporating due to excessive heat.

Step 9: Measure out 119 grams (½ cup) of Zinc Oxide and add it to the cooled mixture
in the glass bowl. Stir thoroughly until the zinc oxide is evenly distributed, and there are
no clumps

Step 10: Once the mixture has cooled slightly but is still liquid, add 10-15 drops (or
adjust to your preference) of Lavender Oil for fragrance and skin-soothing properties.

Step 11: Using a whisk, mix the zinc oxide and lavender oil into the buttery mixture
thoroughly. Ensure that the mixture is well combined and smooth.

Step 12: Leave the mixture to rest in the glass bowl on your kitchen counter for a few
hours, periodically giving it a gentle whisk every 30 minutes or so. This helps ensure a
consistent texture.

Step 13: Once the mixture has cooled and thickened to your liking, transfer it to a clean
and sterilized container or jar with an airtight lid.

12
 [Figure 3: Procedure Diagram]

V. Outline/Samples/Visuals

PRODUCT [Reusable Containers]

EcoShield SunCare is packaged in an eco-friendly, reusable container designed with

sustainability in mind. Unlike traditional single-use packaging, our container is built to be
used multiple times, reducing waste and environmental impact. What makes it even
better is that you can conveniently refill this container at designated locations. Instead of
discarding the packaging after use, simply bring it to one of our authorized refill stations,
where you can replenish the product without the need for a new container.

13
 TECHNICAL DETAILS

Manufacturer Cosywell Inc.

Product Dimensions 15.24 x 15.24 x 7.37 cm; 118 Grams

Size ‎500ml/16.9oz

Item Weight 118 g

ECOSHIELD SUNCARE REFILLING STATIONS

[Sample Work (Recovered from Metro Manila Refilling Station Event)]

14
In this project, the researchers will be determining suitable locations for refilling stations,
particularly those that have a significant need for sunscreen and are accessible to the
public. We will be negotiating bulk purchase agreements to keep costs reasonable and
invest in durable and user-friendly bulk dispensing equipment for our product. We will
also be including cleaning and sanitation protocols for the equipment.

PRODUCT TIMELINE
I. Preparation Stage
From the moment the Integrated Performance Task was provided to us by our
respective teachers, we first must know how our product, EcoShield SunCare came to
be— how it will start, how it will be processed, planned and executed. Breaking off each
of the given dates of what we have done during those days, we started Brainstorming
on August 15, wherein we shared ideas, product suggestions, and procedures before
we began writing off our Product Proposal. As we brainstormed and shared our
thoughts and suggestions we started to pick one product that would be the most
suitable for our plans and ideas that we have interlinked and discussed as a group of
researchers. The next day, August 16, The researchers started to research what our
product would look like, the contents of the products, the different parts of our product,
and how it would be eco-friendly and user-friendly. On August 22, The researchers
gathered together for a meeting to discuss what would be the future of our Product
Proposal and finalize the product that we would create.

After quite a few days on September 9, after the meeting, the researchers started
to obtain data on how our product should be processed, the safeness, and to collect
materials that are eco-friendly and can be used to be the component of our product. On
September 19, the researchers conducted another meeting to discuss the researchers'
progress in collecting data for our product and to finalize our decided product which is a
sunscreen brightening lotion. After finalizing the collected data and the decided product,
the team leader Xedny Macabale assigned other research members in their designated
area for the research proposal that is to be submitted. 29th of September, we finalized
the assigned task that is to be completed by other group members. The next day, The
product proposal was carefully checked for any errors and was finalized by the group
members and the leader. Then comes the final day, October 1, when we will be
submitting our Product Proposal.

DATE ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION

August 15 Groupings

August 15 Brainstorming The researchers

handpicked possible
products that we could
create.

August 16 Research The researchers started

looking into the product
idea, procedures, and
consumer and product

15
 safety as a group.

August 22 Meeting 1 The researchers

discussed and finalized
the product we will
create

September 9 Collecting the data Data was obtained on

processes, safety, and
goals, among other
things.

September 19 Meeting 2 The researchers recalled

our decided product.

September 19 Assigning Our group 3 leader,

Xedny Macabale,
assigned parts for the
proposal to each
member of the group.

September 23 Finalizing the assigned The group members

task complete their own
tasks.

September 29 Final Proposal The proposal was

finalized by the group's
members and its leader.

October 1 Proposal Approval The group submitted the

Proposal.

[Table 5: Product Timeline on Preparation]

II. Experimentation Stage [Proposal]

This timeline outlines the key stages in the experimentation and development of
EcoShield SunCare. Beginning with material gathering and formulation in the initial
weeks, it progresses to safety and efficacy testing, environmental impact assessments,
and consumer sensory evaluations. The timeline concludes with considerations for
eco-friendly packaging and marketing strategies. The researchers took into account the
maintenance of flexibility to adapt to unexpected developments, ensuring the creation of
a safe, effective, and environmentally conscious sunscreen product.

TIMESPAN (WEEKS) DAYS DESCRIPTION

Week 1: Preparation and Day 1-7 Compile the necessary materials and
Gathering of Materials equipment, and initiate procurement.

Week 2: Ingredient Day 1-2 Research and select organic ingredients

Selection and Formulation such as zinc oxide, natural oils, and plant
extracts.

Day 3-4 Begin initial formulation experiments to

determine ingredient ratios.

16
 Day 5-7 Collect data on the effectiveness and
stability of different formulations.

Week 3: Safety and Skin Days 1-3 Conduct safety assessments on selected
Compatibility Testing ingredients.

Days 4-6 Perform patch tests to assess skin

compatibility.

Day 7 Analyze results and refine the formulation if

necessary.

Week 4: UV Protection Days 1-3 Begin testing the SPF (Sun Protection
Efficacy Testing Factor) of the sunscreen formulations

Days 4-6 Evaluate UVA and UVB protection levels.

Day 7 Analyze data and adjust formulations to

improve efficacy.

Week 5: Environmental Days 1-3 Conduct studies to assess the

Impact Assessment environmental impact of sunscreen
ingredients.

Days 4-6 Investigate the biodegradability and

eco-friendliness of the formulation.

Day 7 Summarize findings and consider

adjustments for sustainability

Week 6: Consumer Days 1-4 Organize consumer panels for sensory

Sensory Testing evaluations (e.g., scent, texture, and feel)

Days 5-7 Gather and analyze feedback to refine

product attributes

Week 7: Packaging and Days 1-3 Explore eco-friendly packaging options

Marketing Considerations
Days 4-6 Develop branding and marketing strategies

Day 7 Create a marketing plan and prepare for

product launch

[Table 6: Product Timeline on Proposed Experimentation Stage]

17
 NAME OF THE RESEARCHERS

Researchers Pictures Position Contributions

Macabale, Xedny Leader - Objectives

Rhiane S. - Introduction
(Overview of the
present situation &
Benefits)
- Explanation of the
Product
- Materials (Percent
Compositon)
- Product Timeline
(Experimentation
Stage)
- Visuals/Outline
- Proof-reading

Almaria, Chloe O. Member - Objective

(General Chemistry
& Earth Science)
- Introduction
(Overview of the
present situation &
Background of the
product)

Dela Cerna, Member - Product Timeline

Bryenon Don (inputs on figures,
graphics, table on
preparation stage)
- Procedures
- Name of the
researchers (table
and input))

Modequillo, Member - Description of the

Steven A. Product
(Description Inputs
on Procedures,
Earth Science
Environmental
Explanation
- Product Timeline
(Description Inputs
on Product Time
[Preparation &
Experimental
Stage]

18
Sta Cruz, Karl Member - Materials
Vincent N. (Researched and
listed Chemical
Formulas, created
Table, List of
materials)
- Procedures
(Methodology &
Graphics on
Procedures)

INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENT (General Chemistry)

Criteria Myself Almaria Dela Modequillo Sta Cruz

[Macabale] Cerna

Focus on task 4 4 4 4 4

Time Management 4 4 4 4 4

Quality of Work 4 4 4 4 4

Contributions 4 4 4 4 4

Problem-solving 4 4 4 4 4

TOTAL 20 20 20 20 20

PEER EVALUATION FORM (Earth Science)

Criteria Myself Almaria Dela Modequillo Sta Cruz

[Macabale] Cerna

Attends group meetings 4 4 4 4 4

regularly and arrives on
time

Contributed meaningfully 4 4 4 4 4
to group discussions

Helped keep the group on 4 4 4 4 4

task

Amount of work done 4 4 4 4 4

Quality of completed work 4 4 4 4 4

TOTAL 20 20 20 20 20

Comments: All members in Group 3 were able to contribute meaningful insights and
fulfill their respective tasks on time.

19
 REFERENCES

JOURNALS

Alonso, M.B., et al., Toxic heritage: Maternal transfer of pyrethroid insecticides and
sunscreen agents in dolphins from Brazil.Environmental pollution, 2015. 207: p.
391-402.

Ang, P., S.K. Ng, and C.L. Goh, Sunscreen allergy in Singapore.American Journal of
Contact Dermatitis, 1998. 9(1): p. 42-44.

Collaris, E.J. and J. Frank, Photoallergic contact dermatitis caused by ultraviolet filters
in different sunscreens.International journal of dermatology, 2008. 47: p. 35-37.

Cook, N. and S. Freeman, Report of 19 cases of photoallergic contact dermatitis to

sunscreens seen at the Skin and Cancer Foundation.Australasian journal of
dermatology, 2001. 42(4): p. 257-259.

Gonzalez, G., A. Farbrot, and O. Larkö, Percutaneous absorption of benzophenone‐3,

a
common component of topical sunscreens.Clinical and experimental
dermatology, 2002. 27(8): p. 691-694.

Huo, W., et al., The relationship between prenatal exposure to BP-3 and Hirschsprung's
disease.Chemosphere, 2016. 144: p. 1091-1097.

Meeker, J.D., et al., Distribution, variability, and predictors of urinary concentrations of

phenols and parabens among pregnant women in Puerto Rico.Environmental
science & technology, 2013. 47(7): p. 3439-3447.

Rodríguez, E., et al., Causal agents of photoallergic contact dermatitis diagnosed in the
national institute of dermatology of Colombia.Photodermatology,
photoimmunology & photomedicine, 2006. 22(4): p. 189-192.

Schauder, S. and H. Ippen, Contact and photocontact sensitivity to sunscreens: Review

of a 15‐year experience and of the literature.Contact dermatitis, 1997. 37(5): p.
221-232.

Schlumpf, M., et al., Exposure patterns of UV filters, fragrances, parabens, phthalates,

organochlor pesticides, PBDEs, and PCBs in human milk: correlation of UV filters
with use of cosmetics.Chemosphere, 2010. 81(10): p. 1171-1183.

Schmidt, T., J. Ring, and D. Abeck, Photoallergic contact dermatitis due to combined
UVB (4-methylbenzylidene camphor/octyl methoxycinnamate) and UVA
(benzophenone-3/butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane) absorber
sensitization.Dermatology, 1998. 196(3): p. 354-357.

Warshaw, E.M., et al., Patch test reactions associated with sunscreen products and the
importance of testing to an expanded series: retrospective analysis of North
American Contact Dermatitis Group data, 2001 to 2010.Dermatitis, 2013. 24(4):

20
 p. 176-182.

ONLINE ARTICLES

Climate Change Indicators: Oceans | US EPA. (2016, June 27). US EPA.

https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/oceans#:~:text=As%20greenhouse%20ga
ses%20trap%20more,climate%20patterns%20around%20the%20world.

Cosywell Travel Shampoo and Conditioner Bottles for Toiletries 16.9oz 2 Pack
Leakproof Plastic Squeeze Bottles Lotion Containers : Amazon.co.uk: Beauty.
(2023). Amazon.co.uk.
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Cosywell-Refillable-Containers-Toiletries-Conditioner
/dp/B0CBBD7MP6?th=1&fbclid=IwAR0F-7zD87h1eBHWQ1bmwL88GwsSqLM0
2-2oKGaxeYVwc1h8uhZTWM_Ak54

Hamblen, H. (2022, March 28). The Environmental Impacts of Reef-Safe Sunscreen

and How to Choose the Best One. Earth.org; Earth.org.
https://earth.org/reef-safe-sunscreen/

Mateo, J. (2023, March 23). 93% of Pinoys experienced impact of climate change –
SWS. Philstar.com; Philstar.com.
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/03/24/2254057/93-pinoys-experienced-i
mpact-climate-change-sws#:~:text=Over%20the%20years%2C%20the%20count
ry,number%2C%20have%20become%20more%20destructive.

Myrto Chatzigianni, Pavlou, P., Angeliki Siamidi, Marilena Vlachou, Athanasia

Varvaresou, & Papageorgiou, S. (2022). Environmental impacts due to the use of
sunscreen products: a mini-review. Ecotoxicology, 31(9), 1331–1345.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-022-02592-w

trvst. (2022, July 11). Environmental Impact of Sunscreen. TRVST.

https://www.trvst.world/environment/environmental-impact-of-sunscreen/

US. (2022). Sunscreen Chemicals and Coral Reefs. Noaa.gov.

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/sunscreen-corals.html#:~:text=How%20suns
creen%20chemicals%20can%20affect,deform%20young%2C%20and%20even
%20kill.

What’s in Your Sunscreen? Understanding Oxybenzone and Octinoxate. (2020,

December 24). People4Ocean Sun Care.
https://www.people4ocean.com/blogs/blog/whats-in-your-sunscreen-understandi
ng-oxybenzone-and-octinoxate#:~:text=Oxybenzone%20%26%20Octinoxate&te
xt=the%20benzophenone%20family.-,These%20chemicals%20are%20used%20i
n%2097%25%20of%20sunscreens%20and%2070,3)%20and%2For%20octinoxa
te.
Which Sunscreens Are Best for the Environment? (2020). Sierraclub.org.
https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2020-3-may-june/ask-ms-green/which-sunscree
ns-are-best-for-environment

World. (2019, August 9). Climate change. Who.int; World Health Organization: WHO.

21
https://www.who.int/health-topics/climate-change#tab=tab_1

22