Handling Non-normal Situations

Page 1 / 6 – 03/01/2022 HU.ATO.0085

GENERAL

Management of non-normal situations is in the following order:

1. Fly, Navigate, Communicate!

Take control of the aircraft and if necessary, reach a stable or easily controllable state. When possible, make
sure you know where you are and which direction you are going by checking the ND and flight plan. Finally,
advise ATC about your non-normal situation and new track if different from the ATC clearance.

2. ECAM handling

When the aircraft is flying safely (no configuration change is expected and workload is low), identify and
confirm any failures on the ECAM and do their actions. For details, see SN_A32 ECAM Handling Manual.

3. Decision making

F-DODAR is the problem solving and decision-making tool we use in stressful situations. It guides us through
complex situations to prevent making mistakes. It also includes the NITS briefing on how to advise the affected
parties about the situation. See below the main tasks. For details, see SPA MCC Presentation.

F uel check Check for leaks and set x-feed accordingly, calculate remaining time in air from fuel flow

D iagnose Identify and summarize the mailfunctions, aircraft status or situation

O ptions Get weather, aircraft status details, RWY length and state, LAND ASAP colour, etc...

D ecision Make the decision based on the collected information and advise Cabin Crew, ATC, and
Passengers via the NITS format. Ask "ready" and "readback" from the Cabin Crew!

N ature Nature of the problem

I ntention The decision you made

T ime Time remaining until landing

S pecials Normal or emergency landing, and other specialities

A llocate Assign the tasks, prepare for the approach and brief it

R eview Check if everything was done or if any change occurred, make a new F-DODAR
Handling Non-normal Situations
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REJECTED TAKE-OFF (RTO) AND EMERGENCY EVACUATION (EVAC)

FAILURE DURING TAKE-OFF RUN

CAPTAIN'S DECISION
“STOP”
(Only before reaching V1! At this moment CPT becomes CM1, F/O becomes CM2 and CM1 has the controls)
CM1(CPT) CM2(FO)

KEEP RWY CENTRELINE

“REVERSER GREEN, DECEL” (when indicated)
THRUST LEVERS…FULL REVERSE

… “70 KTS” (Check remaining RWY!)

THRUST LEVERS…REVERSE IDLE (after 70kts callout) TO ATC: “-CALLSIGN- STOPPING”

THRUST LEVERS…IDLE (when fully stopped)

-
PARK BRK…ON

TO CABIN CREW:
-
2x “ATTENTION, CREW AT STATIONS”

PERFORM ECAM ACTIONS

“ECAM ACTIONS”
(Read & Do, no confirmations)

While the ECAM actions are being done by CM2, CM1 is building up his decision if EVAC is needed or
not. CM1 has radio communication and may ask further help from ATC, Fire Brigade etc.

If EVAC is surely NOT NEEDED Discuss with CM1!

CM1(CPT) CM2(FO)

TO CABIN CREW:
-
“CANCEL ALERT, CANCEL ALERT”

If EVAC is probably NEEDED Discuss with CM1! High possibility but this is still cancellable!

CM1(CPT) CM2(FO)

“EMER EVAC CHECKLIST” PERFORM EMER EVAC CHECKLIST

(Still building up decision) (Read & Do, no confirmations)

- “EVACUATION REQUIRED?” (checklist item)

If NO, TO CABIN CREW:

-
“CANCEL ALERT, CANCEL ALERT”

If YES, TO CABIN CREW:

“EVACUATE, EVACUATE” -
EVAC COMMAND…ON (on OVHD panel)
 REJECTED TAKEOFF (RTO)

CPT DECISION
„STOP” CPT
If not enough RWY: If enough RWY: Discuss: is the A/C safe?
Role changes Close REV
from PF / PM to CPT / F/O F/O F/O CPT
Set PARK BRAKE
CPT No callout „70 kts” YES:
To PA 2x: To PA 2x: „Cancel alert”
Set FULL REV CPT CPT „Attention Crew at Stations”
NO:
Keep centerline Keep FULL REV Set IDLE REV „ECAM actions” (if any) Ask for EMER EVAC CL

FULL STOP

RWY

F/O F/O F/O

To ATC: Does ECAM actions
Check, „Spoliers”
„-Callsign- stopping”
Check, „Reverse green” On ground no confirmations on
TL / MASTER SW / FIRE SW
Check, „Deceleration” SPD IND
Handling Non-normal Situations
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ENGINE FAILURE AFTER V1

FAILURE AFTER V1

PF PM

KEEP RWY CENTRELINE

“POSITIVE CLIMB”
ROTATE SLOWLY TO 12.5 DEG PITCH
(if indicated by RA and V/S)
KEEP WINGS LEVEL

“GEAR UP” LDG GEAR…UP

- “GEAR UP, ENG 1 / 2 FAILED”

“PULL HEADING” HDG KNOB…PULL

RUDDER TRIM…SET (ca. 15 deg needed)

MONITOR FLIGHT PATH
AUTOPILOT…ON

AT 400 FT RA

PF PM

“ENG 1 / 2 FAIL CONFIRMED WITH FLAME OUT /

“I HAVE CONTROLS, I HAVE COMMUNICATION.
DAMAGE / FIRE, OTHER ENGINE PARAMETRES
CONFIRM FAILURE”
ARE OK” (after checking all indications)

TO ATC: “MAYDAY…” (short message) -

PERFORMS ECAM ACTIONS

“ECAM ACTIONS”
(confirm irreversible actions:
TL, ENG MASTER SW, FIRE PB)

AT ENGINE OUT ACCELERATION ALTITUDE OR ENGINE SECURED, WHICHEVER IS LATER

PF PM

“STOP ECAM” STOPS ECAM ACTIONS

V/S KNOB…PUSH (to level off) -

“ACTIVATE SECONDARY FLIGHT PLAN,

PERFORMS MCDU ACTIONS
SET DIRECT TO EO FIX”

ACCELERATE TO GREEN DOT SPEED, RETRACT FLAPS ON SHCEDULE

ALT KNOB…SET ABOVE MSA AND PULL

-
THRUST LEVERS…MCT

“CONTINUE ECAM ACTIONS” CONTINUES ECAM ACTIONS

F-DODAR AND NITS (when ECAM actions completed)

 ENGINE FAILURE AFTER V1

ALT above MSA

From here we may turn to EO FIX anytime: FDODAR

PF: „Activate secondary, set direct to XXX”.* NITS
PF communicates it to ATC too.

Retract Flaps PM „ECAM actions completed”

*Initiate turn with HDG SEL, then ask for direct! PF Set MCT thrust
on schedule

PF „Continue ECAM”

EO ACCEL ALT „Stop ECAM”

PF PF At Green Dot: pull ALT, set above MSA
Push Level off

PM „Engine secured”

„ECAM actions”
PF
Cross-confirmation on TL, ENG MASTER, FIRE SWITCH

Check all indications

PM
„ENG 1/2 failure confirmed with: flame out / damage / fire”

400’ RA PF To ATC: „Mayday, mayday, mayday, Callsign engine failure, standby”

PF „I have controls, I have communication, confirm failure”

ENG
V1 FAIL VR PF Set AP on

PF Trim rudder to ~15°

RWY
PF „Pull HDG”

PF Keep centerline PM „Positive climb”

PF „Gear up”
PF Target pitch 12.5°
PM „Gear up, ENG 1/2 failed”
Handling Non-normal Situations
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EMERGENCY DESCENT

DECOMPRESSION RECOGNIZED

PF PM

“OXYGEN MASKS ON” (either pilot may call out)

PUT ON MASKS AND CHECK COMMUNICATION READIBILITY

CPT DECISION

“EMERGENCY DESCENT”

PF PM

INITIATE EMERGENCY DESCEND: SEAT BELT SIGNS…ON

ALT KNOB….TURN, PULL TO CABIN CREW:

HDG KNOB…TURN, PULL 2x “CABIN CREW EMERGENCY DESCEND”
SPD KNOB............…PULL

SPD BRK…FULL

READ FMA CHECK FMA

REFINE ALT (FL100 or MORA) TO ATC: “-CALLSIGN- EMERGENCY DESCENT”

REFINE HDG (check country EMER PROC) SQUAWK…7700

“CONFIRM (NO) DAMAGE” “I CONFIRM, THERE IS (NO) DAMAGE”

(after checking all indications)

REFINE SPD TO ATC:

(if damage: keep present IAS, else max) “CALLSIGN DESCENDING FL100 ON HEADING”

ASK TO CONFORM THE FAILURE AND TO

DO THE ECAM ACTIONS
PERFORM THE ECAM ACTIONS

SPD BRK…RETRACT (at ALT*)

-
SET PROPER SPD…XXXkts

REMOVE MASKS ONE AFTER ANOTHER WITH CONTROL AND COMMUNICATION HANDOVER

ASK CABIN CREW ABOUT THEIR OWN AND PASSENGER'S STATE

F-DODAR AND NITS

 DECOMPRESSION

PF

CPT DECISION TURN + PULL (ALT) / TURN + PULL (HDG) / PULL (SPD)

„Emergency descend” Pull SPD BRK out

PM
Signs ON
DECOMPRESSION PA: 2x „Cabin crew emergency descend”

PF OR PM
PF
„Oxygen masks on”
„ECAM actions”
PF
Read FMA

PM
Check FMA

CPT DECISION
PF
„Remove oxygen masks”
Refine ALT
MORA or FL100
Refine HDG FDODAR
Check country EMER PROC / TERRAIN / WEATHER

Refine SPD
- DAMAGE: change to IAS and keep present speed
- NO DAMAGE: max speed FL100
PM
„ECAM actions completed”
NITS

CPT
PA: „Cabin crew to the cockpit”.
Ask about damages, injuries.
Handling Non-normal Situations
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GO-AROUND

ALL ENGINES OPERATING

PF PM

“GO AROUND, FLAPS”

THRUST LEVERS…TOGA
FLAPS…1 STEP UP (from any position)
PITCH 15 DEG
“POSITIVE CLIMB” (if indicated by RA and V/S)
“GEAR UP” LDG GEAR…UP

AUTOPILOT…ON -

THRUST LEVERS…CL (at THR RED/ACC ALT) -

RETRACT FLAPS ON SCHEDULE (passing F speed, select Flaps 1 from any position)

CLIMB TO G/A ALTITUDE

ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE

PF PM
“GO AROUND, FLAPS”
THRUST LEVERS…
TOGA PITCH 10 DEG FLAPS…1 STEP UP (from any position)

“POSITIVE CLIMB” (if indicated by RA and V/S)

“GEAR UP” LDG GEAR…UP

RUDDER TRIM…SET (ca. 18-20 deg needed!) -

AUTOPILOT…ON -

CLIMB TO G/A ALTITUDE (THR RED/ACC ALT not applicable when single engine G/A)

RETRACT FLAPS ON SCHEDULE

(after reaching G/A altitude. Passing F speed, select Flaps 1 from any position)

THRUST LEVERS…MCT (when Flaps 0) -

 GO-AROUND

PF PF PF
At F speed: At S speed: Thrust levers
„Flaps 1” „Flaps Zero” MCT detent

G/A ALT

/A
G
G
EN
LE
NG
PM PF

SI
„Positive climb” „Gear up”
THR RED ACCEL ALT
FINAL (AGL+1000’)

PF PF PF

DA Thrust levers
CLB detent
At F speed:
„Flaps 1”
At S speed:
„Flaps Zero”

PF
„Go Around, Flaps”
Thrust levers to TOGA
PF
PM Read FMA
-----
Flap one step up RWY
Handling Non-normal Situations
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TCAS HANDLING

 EMPTY WHITE DIAMOND Normal operation

PF PM

MONITOR TRAFFIC

◆ FULL WHITE DIAMOND Attention needed (traffic within 6 nm and 1000 feet)

PF PM

“PROXIMITY TRAFFIC” (either pilot may call out)

⚫ YELLOW FULL CIRCLE WITH AUTO CALLOUT “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC!” Traffic Advisory

PF PM

“TCAS, I HAVE CONTROLS”

-
(place hands on sidestick and thrust levers)

BOTH PILOTS WATCH TRAFFIC CLOSELY (reduce range on the ND)

BE READY FOR RA

◼ RED FULL SQUARE WITH AUTO CALLOUT “CLIMB” or “DESCEND” Resolution Advisory

PF PM

AUTOPILOT…DISENGAGE -

“FLIGHT DIRECTORS OFF” SET FLIGHT DIRECTORS…OFF

FLY THE GREEN (V/S needle in the green band) TO ATC: “-CALLSIGN- TCAS RA”

 EMPTY WHITE DIAMOND WITH AUTO CALLOUT “CLEAR OF CONFLICT” Normal operation

PF PM

“FLIGHT DIRECTORS ON” SET FLIGHT DIRECTORS…ON

AUTOPILOT…ON TO ATC: “-CALLSIGN- CLEAR OF CONFLICT,

SELECT APPROPRIATE AP MODES RESUMING...."(Previous ATC Clearance)