Plant Growth and Development

Question 1. Question 4.
At the root apex the cells of the meristematic region are Growth can be measured in various ways. Which of these
not characterized by:- can be used as parameters to measure growth?
1. Being rich in protoplasm 1. increase in cell number
2. Abundant plasmodesmatal connections
3. A cell wall that is primary in nature 2. increase in cell size
4. Having small inconspicuous nuclei 3. increase in length and weight
4. All of these

Question 2.
The growth a root elongating at a constant rate will be
represented by:
Question 5.
Apples generally wrapped in waxed paper to
1. prevent sunlight for changing its colour
2. prevent aerobic respiration by checking the entry of
oxygen
3. prevent ethylene formation due to injury
4. makes the apples look attractive
1. A only
2. B only
3. Both A and B Question 6.
4. Neither A nor B Typical growth curve in plants is
1. sigmoid
2. linear
3. stair-steps shaped
Question 3. 4. parabolic
Consider the following statements regarding growth in
plants -
I. Cell enlargement requires water.
II. Oxygen helps in releasing metabolic energy for
growth activities. Question 7.
III. Nutrients are required for synthesis of protoplasm and Heterophyllous development due to environment is an
act as source of energy. example of:-
Which of the above statements are true?
1. I and II only 2. I and III only 1. Developmental noise
3. II and III only 4. I, II, and III 2. Norm of the reaction
3. Convergence
4. Plasticity

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Question 8. Question 11.
Plasticity in plant growth means that The application of synthetic plant hormone like IAA,
IBA and NAA are best described as:-
1. plant roots are extensible
(1) prevent early fruit fall before harvesting and is used
2. plant development is dependent on the environment to produce parthenocarpic fruit
3. stems can extend (2) prevent early fruit fall only
4. None of the above (3) to produce both seed less fruits and fruits with seeds
(4) to produce larger fruit

Question 9. Question 12.

Auxin was isolated by Auxin means
1.F. W. Went 1.To escape
2.Charles Darwin 2.To slow
3.Francis Darwin 3.To grow
4.F. Skoog 4.To fasten

Question 10. Question 13.

One of the synthetic auxin is
1. NAA
2. IAA
3. GA
4. IBA

Question 14.
Internodal segments of tobacco stems, the callus is
actually
1.An undifferentiated cell
2.A mass of differentiated cell
3.A mass of undifferentiated cell
4.A differentiated cell

This picture suggests that

1.Tip of the coleorrhiza is the source of Auxin
2.Tip of coleoptile is the source of Auxin
3.Base of coleoptile is the source of Auxin
4.Base of coleorrhiza is the source of Auxin
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Question 15. Question 18.
In the living plant body, the PGRs can be broadly divided
into two groups. This classification is actually based on
1.Function
2.Structure
3.Metabolism
4.Kinetin

Question 16.
……...is the site of transmittable influence that caused
the bending of the entire……..
1.Coleorrhiza
2.Coleoptile
3.Auxin
4.Scutellum

Here arrows indicate

Question 17. 1.Source of Auxin
The Discovery of PGRs 2.Direction of bending
1.Four discovery were accidental one was with a planned 3.Direction of light
experiment
4.Direction of cap removal
2.Three discovery were accidental Two were with a
planned experiment
3.Two discovery were accidental Three were with a Question 19.
planned experiment
Fruit and leaf drop at early stages can be prevented by the
4..All five we're accidental application of
1. Cytokinins
2. ethylene
3. auxins
4. gibberellic acid

Question 20.
Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) are not
1. Very less in number in plants
2. Small and simple molecules
3. Diverse chemical composition
4. Plant hormones or phytohormones

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Question 21. Question 25.
In most higher plants, the growing apical bud inhibits the Auxins
growth of …….. or axillary buds, a phenomenon
called…………. Find the odd one.

1.Lateral, lateral Dominance 1.Initiate rooting in stem cuttings

2.Lateral, Apical Dominance 2.Promote flowering e.g. Pineapples

3.Apical, Lateral Dominance 3.Prevent fruit and leaf drop at early stages

4.Apical, Apical Dominance 4.Prevent the abscission of older mature leaves and fruits

Question 22. Question 26.

The phytohormone, which was first isolated from human For tea plantations, hedge-making which of the following
urine, shows PGR is used?
a. Bolting effect. 1.Auxins
b. Apical dominance.
c. Control of xylem differentiation. 2.Cytokinins
d. Promote leaf senescence. 3.GA3
e. Ripening of fruit.
f. Initiation of rooting is stem cuttings. 4.ABA
1. b, c and f
2. a, d and e Question 27.
3. b, e and f It takes very long time for pineapple plants to produce
4. a, b and d flowers. Which combination of hormones can be applied
to artificially induce flowering in pineapple plants
throughout the year to increase yield?

Question 23. 1. Cytokinin and Abscisic acid

Which of the given hormones is used to produce 2. Auxin and Ethylene

parthenocarpic or seedless banana and tomatoes? 3. Gibberellin and Cytokinin
1. Auxin 4. Gibberellin and Abscisic acid
2. Cytokinin
3. Abscisic acid
4. Kinetin

Question 24.
Removal of shoot tips is a very useful technique to boost
the production of tea- leaves. This is because
1. Gibberellins prevent bolting and are inactivated.
2. Auxins prevent leaf drop at early stages.
3. Effect of auxins is removed and growth of lateral buds
is enhanced.
4. Gibberellins delay senescence of leaves.
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Question 28. Question 32.
In a flowering plant if auxins are not synthesizing, then Which of the following statements about plant hormones
effects which would most probably be seen in this plant is false?
are
i. Dropping of fruits at early stage. 1. The growth of plants in nature is probably regulated by
ii. Inhibition in the growth of lateral buds. a combination of growth-stimulating and growth-
iii. Delayed abscission of older mature leaves. inhibiting hormones.
iv. Inhibition of cell division in cambium. 2. Abscisic acid generally promotes growth.
1. i, ii and iv 3. Gibberellins stimulate cell enlargement.
2. i, iii and iv 4. Cytokinins promote cell division.
3. ii and iv only
4. i and iii only
Question 33.
In which of the following options the PGR is correctly
Question 29. matched with its two functions?

In the process of apical dominance, lateral buds are 1. Abscisc acid - (i) Induce immediate stomatal closure in
unable to grow in the presence of apical bud. This is due leaves.
to:- (ii) Induce rooting is a twig.
(1) less amount of cytokinins in lateral buds 2. Gibberellins - (i) Bolting in rosette plant.
(2) more amount of cytokinins in lateral buds (ii) Speed up the malting process in
brewing industry.
(3) less amount of auxin in lateral buds
3. Ethylene - (i) Delay leaf senescence.
(4) more amount of auxin in lateral buds (ii) Controls xylem differentiation.
4. Auxin - (i) Used to kill mocotyledonous weeds.
(ii) Promotes nutrient mobilisation.
Question 30.
E. Kurosawa
Question 34.
1. Reported the appearance of symptoms of the disease in
rice seedlings In order to increase the yield of sugarcane crop, which of
the following plant growth regulators should be sprayed ?
2. In 1926
1. Ethylene
3. Used sterile filtrates of the fungus
2. Auxins
4. All of these
3. Gibberellins
4. Cytokinins
Question 31.
Find the wrong match.
Question 35.
1.F. W. Went - Oat seedlings
Foolish Seedling-
2.Charles Darwin - Canary Grass
Find the odd one.
3.Francis Darwin - Canary Grass
1.Bakane
4.E. Kurosawa- Orang
2.Disease of Rice seedlings
3.Caused by viral pathogen
4.Gibberella fujikuroi
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Question 36. Question 41.
Which of the following statements is correct? Cytokinesis promoting substance was crystallised by
1.All GAs are basic 1.Skoog and Darwin
2.All GAs are Acidic 2.Skoog and Miller
3.Most of the GAs are Acidic 3.Kurosawa
4.Most of the GAs are basic 4.Cousins

Question 37. Question 42.

Early seed production in…….. can be done by GAs Select the correct match
1. Auxin – Promote seed dormancy
1.Pineapple 2. Cytokinin – Overcoming apical dominance
2.Grapes 3. Ethylene – Bolting in beet
4. GA3 – Thinning of cherry and walnut
3.Tomatoes
4.Conifers
Question 43.
N6- furfurylamino purine and kinetin are derivative of
Question 38.
…….
Gibberellic acid is a/an:-
1.Indol compounds
1. lndole compound
2. Terpene 2.Adenine
3. Adenine derivative
4. Carotenoid 3.carotenoids
4.Terpenes

Question 39.
To increase sugar production in sugarcanes, they are Question 44.
sprayed with You are given a tissue with its potential for differentiation
1. IAA in an artificial culture. Which of the following pairs of
hormones would you add to the medium to secure shoots
2. cytokinin as well as roots?
3. gibberellin 1. IAA and gibberellin
4. ethylene 2. Auxin and cytokinin
3. Auxin and abscisic acid
4. Gibberellin & abscisic acid

Question 40.
Kinetin term was used for …..by…
1.Cytokinins, Darwin
2.Cytokinin, Skoog And Miller
3.ABA, Darwin
4.ABA, F. Skoog
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Question 45. Question 49.
Natural cytokinins are sythesized in tissue that are:- Coconut water contains
(1) senescent 1. ABA
(2) dividing rapidly 2. auxin
(3) storing food material 3. cytokinin
(4) differentiating 4. gibberellin

Question 46.
Cytokinin does not help in: Question 50.
1. Lateral shoot growth The effect of apical dominance can be overcome by
2. Overcoming apical dominance which of the following hormone?
3. Adventitious shoot formation
4. Promoting leaf senescence 1. IAA
2. Ethylene
3. Gibberellin

Question 47. 4. Cytokinin

Kinetin (cytokinin) was first discovered as a breakdown

products of
1. DNA
Question 51.
2. t-RNA
C2H4 or Ethylene are …...or derivative of….
3. Spindle fibres
1.Indol compounds
4. m-RNA
2.Gases
3.carotenoids
Question 48.
4.Terpenes
Find the incorrect statement.
F. Skoog and his co-workers obeserved that
Question 52.
1. Callus proliferated only if Auxin is there
Cousins confirmed the release of a volatile substance
2. Callus proliferated only if Auxin + extracts of vascular from ripened oranges that
tissue was there
1.Hastened the ripening of already ripened bananas
3. Callus proliferated only if Auxin + Yeast extract was
there 2.Hastened the ripening of unripened banana
4. Callus proliferated only if Auxin + coconut milk/DNA 3.Slowed the ripening of unripened bananas
was there
4.Slowed the ripening of oranges

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Question 53. Question 56.
Ethephon hastens the fruit ripening in tomatoes and apple Match the following :-
and accelerates abscission in flowers and fruits. Above
statement indicates that ethephon must release – Column A Column B
1. ABA
2. C2H4 (i) Auxin (a) Brewing industry
3. IAA
4. GA7 Gibbrelic
(ii) (b) Xylem differentiation
Acid

Question 54. (iii) Cytokinin (c) Fruit ripening

Which of the following is wrong?
Overcome Apical
1.ABA is Growth inhibiting regulator (iv) Ethylene (d)
dominance
2.Ethylene could fit either of the groups, inhibitors and
activators. 1. (i) (b), (ii) (a), (iii) (d), (iv) (c)
3.Auxins, GA and Cytokinins are plant promoters 2. (i) (b), (ii) (a), (iii) (c), (iv) (d)
4.Ethylene is largely a promotor of growth activities 3. (i) (a), (ii) (b), (iii) (d), (iv) (c)
4. (i) (b), (ii) (d), (iii) (a), (iv) (c)

Question 55.
Which of the following hormones is common in both the Question 57.
categories of plant promotor and plant inhibitor?
Thinning of cotton and promotion of femaleness in
1.GA cucumber are physiological effects of PGR which
2.ABA 1. Helps of withstand desiccation conditions and is
antagonistic to GAs
3.Auxin
2. Increases the market period of fruits by delaying
4.Ethylene senescence
3. Is synthesized in large amounts in ripening fruits and
tissues undergoing senescence
4. Prevents fruit and leaf drop at early stages and
produced by growing apices of stem

Question 58.
Plant growth regulator, which promotes senescence and
abscission of plant organs, is also related to which of the
following physiological effects?
1. Thinning of cotton, cherry, and walnut
2. Overcome apical dominance
3. Early seed production in conifers
4. Formation of new leaves

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Question 59. Question 63.
The PGR used to initiate flowering and for synchronizing Which of the following is not ABA?
fruit-set in pineapples is:
1.Inhibitor-B
1. Abscisic acid
2. Cytokinin 2.Abcission II
3. Auxin 3.Dormin
4. Ethylene
4.Bakane

Question 60. Question 64.

A. _______ hormone is most widely used PGR in In most situations, which of the following acts as an
agriculture. antagonist to GAs?
B. _______ hormone is related with Richmond Lang 1. ABA
effect. 2. IAA
A B 3. Kinetin
1. Auxin CK 4. Ethylene
2. Auxin GA
3. Ethylene CK
4. ABA CK Question 65.
Abscisic acid is known as the stress hormone because it
Question 61. (1) breaks seed dormancy
The phytohormone which promotes rapid internode (2) induces flowering
elongation in deep water rice plant is
(3) promotes leaf fall
1. Gibberellins
2. Ethylene (4) promotes closure of stomata
3. Auxin
4. Cytokinin
Question 66.

Question 62. Identify the incorrect statement about ABA growth

regulator.
Ethylene is used for
(1) It increases the tolerance of plants against different
1. retarding ripening of tomatoes stresses.
2. the hastening of ripening of fruits (2) It acts as general plant growth inhibitor and inhibitor
of metabolism.
3. slowing down the ripening of apples
(3) It helps in seed maturation and dormancy.
4. Both 2. and 3.
(4) It promotes morphogenesis and differentiation of
shoots.

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Question 67. Question 71.
Which one of the following acids is a derivative of Match the Following:
carotenoids?
1. Indole-butyric acid Column I Column II

2. Indole-3-acetic acid
A. IAA 1. Herring sperm DNA.
3. Gibberellic acid
B. ABA 2. Bolting
4. Abscisic acid
C. Ethylene 3. Stomatal closure
D. GA 4. Weed-free lawns
Question 68. E. Cytokinin 5. Ripening of fruits.
Bud dormancy is induced by:-
Codes
1. ABA
A B C D E
2. ethylene
1) 4 3 5 2 1
3. IAA
2) 5 3 4 2 1
4. gibberellic acid.
3) 4 1 4 3 2
4) 5 3 2 4 4
Question 69.
ABA acts as antagonistic to
1. ethylene
Question 72.
2. cytokinin
If a plant needs exposure of light less than a defined
3. gibberellic acid period for flowering, such plant is called
4. IAA (1) Long day plants
(2) Short day plants
(3) Day neutral plants
Question 70. (4) Far red light plants
The term synergistic action of hormones refers to
1. When two hormones act together but bring about Question 73.
opposite effects.
If a plant needs exposure of light more than a well
2. When two Hormones act together and contribute to the defined critical period for flowering, it would be called
same function. as-
3. When one Hormone affects more than one function (1) Long day plants
4. When many hormones bring about anyone function (2) Short day plants
(3) Day neutral plants
(4) Red light plants

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Question 74. Question 77.
When there is no such relation between exposure to light Refer the given figures on photoperiodism and select the
duration and induction of flowering response such plants correct option.
are called
(1) Long day plants
(2) Short day plants
(3) Day neutral plants
(4) Far red light plants

Question 75.
Phototropism is firstly studied by
1.Charles Darwin and his son Francis Darwin
2.Charles Darwin and his friend Francis Darwin
3.Charles Darwin and his brother Francis Darwin
4.Charles Darwin and his colleague Francis Darwin

Question 76.
A physiological response of plants to the duration of light
and darkness is a:-
(1) daily phase cycle
(2) circadian rhythms
(3) biological clock
(4) photoperiodism

Question 78.
For the induction of flowering, some plants require a
(1) Periodic exposure to light
(2) Continuous exposure to light
(3) No exposure to light
(4) No exposure to night

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Question 79. Question 82.
Which of the following is the site for perception of Flowering can be affected in certain plants
light/dark in plants?
1. Root apex (1) by quantitative exposure to low temperature
2. Shoot apex (2) by qualitative exposure to low temperature
3. Leaves
4. Flower (3) Both A and B
(4) It does not depend on low temperature exposure

Question 80.
With respect to photoperiodism, the short day plant, the Question 83.
long day plant and day neutral plant are represented All the following plants are biennials except:-
respectively by: 1. Sugarbeet
2. Cabbages
3. Carrots
4. Wheat

Question 84.
Vernalisation stimulates flowering in
1. Zamikand
2. Turmeric
3. Carrot
4. Ginger

Question 85.
1. A, B and C
Winter varieties should be planted in
2. B, A and C
3. C, B and A (1) Winter
4. A, C and B
(2) Autumn
(3) Spring
Question 81. (4) Summer
The photoperiod in plants is perceived at
1. meristem
Question 86.
2. flower
Vernalisation prevents
3. floral buds
(1) Precocious reproductive development late in growing
4. leaves season
(2) Late reproductive development
(3) Flowering
(4) Fruiting

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Question 87. Question 91.
Which of the following does not has two kinds of The spring varieties are normally planted in…...and come
varieties? to flower and produce grain……
(1) Wheat (1) Autumn season, after the end of growing season
(2) Radish (2) Spring season, at the end of growing season
(3) Barley (3) Spring season, before the end of growing season
(4) Rye (4) Autumn season, at the end of growing season

Question 88. Question 92.

Winter varieties resume their Growth in Monocarpic plants are those which
(1) Spring 1. bear flowers with one ovary
(2) Summer 2. flower once and die
(3) Winter 3. bear only one flower
(4) Autumn 4. All of these

Question 89.
Vernalization is the process of Question 93.
1. flower induction by high temperature treatment The formation of interfascicular cambium in plants is due
to:-
2. inhabitation of flowering by low temperature treatment
1. Non-differentiation
3. flower induction by light treatment 2. Re-differentiation
4. acceleration of the ability of a plant to produce flowers 3. Differentiation
by chilling treatment 4. De-differentiation

Question 90. Question 94.

What conditions are required for vernalisation in Interfascicular cambium and cork cambium are formed
plants? due to
1. Cell division
1. Low temperature, CO2. 2. Cell differentitation
2. Low temperature, O2, leaf. 3. Cell dedifferentiation
3. Optimum temperature, O2. 4. Redifferentiation
4. Low temperature, O2.

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Question 95. Question 98.
Read following statements and answer in suitable term Which of the following is not a natural mean to remove
given in option:- seed coat?
a. The promotion of flowering by a period of low (1) Microbial action
temperature
(2) Passage through Digestive tract
b. Hormonal substance migrates from leaves to shoot for
inducing flowering (3) Vigorous shaking

c. The general metabolic activity of the embryo slow (4) Both B and C
down or in inactive state
d. Formation of separation layer between tissue
Question 99.
1. Photoperiodism, vernalisation, abscission layer,
dormancy Plant growth promotors are not involved in

2. Vernalisation, photoperiodism, dormancy, abscission 1.Cell division, cell enlargement

layer 2.Pattern formation, seed formation
3. Dormancy, photoperiodism, vernalisation, abscission 3.Dormancy, Abscission
layer
4.Fruiting and Flowering
4. Abscission layer, vernalisation, dormancy,
photoperiodism

Question 100.
Inhibitory substances in dormant seeds cannot be
removed by subjecting seeds to:
Question 96.
1. Gibberellic acid
How many of the following can help in breaking seed
dormancy? 2. Nitrate
1. Changing the environmental condition like light & 3. Ascorbic acid
temperature.
2. Application of GA3 or nitrates. 4. Chilling conditions
3. Chilling condition.
4. All the above

Question 97.
Which of the following is not an inhibitory substance
governing seed dormancy?
1. Abscisic acid
2. Phenolic acid
3. Para-ascorbic acid
4. Gibberellic acid

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