Q1. Fill the blank and explain the reason of the given state.

(15p)
Mode I fracture toughness is more crucial than the other two fracture modes because of that fracture
toughness in mode I is certainly lower than the other two modes where friction of fracture surfaces
takes place in these modes.

Q2. Why does the compliance of a DCB specimen increase with the growth of a crack?
(15p)
DCB has two arms displacing opposite sides. Length of each arm increases with increase of crack
length. As the length of the beam increases, its compliance of DCB (or DCB am) increases also.

Q3. Four plates made with same material are loaded F1, F2, F3, and F4, respectively. The thickness of
each plate is same. Order the forces required to break the plates from biggest to smallest.
(10p)

F2>F1>F3>F4

Q4. There are two large plates made with same material. Plate 1 has a circular hole and plate 2 has an
elliptical hole. Radius of the hole is a. Minor radius of the elliptical hole is also a and major radius
is 2a. Both of the plates are stressed with . Then compare the maximum stresses (max) at the
vicinity of the holes. (20p)
Plate I Plate II

   

𝟐𝒂
𝝈𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝝈 (𝟏 + )
𝒃
𝟐𝒂
𝝈𝑰𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝝈 (𝟏 + ) = 𝟑𝝈
𝒂
𝟐(𝟐𝒂)
𝝈𝑰𝑰
𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝝈 (𝟏 + ) = 𝟓𝝈
𝒂

𝝈𝑰𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝟑
=
𝝈𝑰𝑰
𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝟓
Q5. Calculate KQ with the givens for a rectangular bar containing an edge crack loaded in three-point
bending. (20p)
PQ = 35.0 kN W = 50.8 mm B = 25 mm a/W = 0.2 S = 200 mm

𝑓(𝑥) = 4,7

𝐾𝑄 = 0,92

Q6. A thin sheet of mild-steel has a tensile strength of 850 MPa. It has a central crack with a full length
(2a) of 8 mm. The central crack is placed perpendicular to loading direction and caused to 25% strength
reduction in the sheet. Calculate the surface energy of the steel, if the sheet has a Young Modulus = 225
GPa and the work of plastic deformation of each crack tip is 2*10-2 J/m2 .
(20p)

𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ: 𝑆𝑡 = 850 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ: 𝑆𝑟 = 850 ∗ 0,75 = 637,5 ∗ 106 𝑁/𝑚2
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝛾𝑝 = 2 ∗ 10−2 𝐽⁄𝑚2

𝑌𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠: 𝐸 = 225 𝐺𝑃𝑎 = 225 ∗ 109 𝑁/𝑚2

2𝑎 = 8 𝑚𝑚 𝑎 = 4 ∗ 10−3 𝑚

2𝐸(𝛾𝑠 +𝛾𝑝 ) 2∗225∗109 (𝛾𝑠 +2∗10−2 ) 𝑘𝐽

𝜎𝑐 = √ 637,5 ∗ 106 = √ 𝛾𝑠 = 11,349 𝑚2
𝜋𝑎 𝜋∗4∗10−3