A REPUTED ACEHNESE "SARAKATA" OF THE JAMAL AL-LAIL DYNASTY

Author(s): DANIEL CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW

Source: Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society , 1979, Vol. 52, No.
2 (236) (1979), pp. 51-66
Published by: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492855

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 A REPUTED ACEHNESE S ARARAT A OF THE
JAMAL AL-LAIL DYNASTY1
by
DANIEL CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW

In their royal decrees, known as sarakatas ,2 the rulers of Aceh have

about their persons an aura of sublime authority and about their courts a
of royal majesty. The Sultans bear imposing titles such as zill Alläh fi a
(the shadow of God on earth) and berdaulat (Sovereign Lord), and su
themselves with court functionaries with such impressive titles as Kãrk
al-Mulük (Royal Secretary), Shãhbandar (Officer of the Port), and Qãdi a
al- Adii (Judge of the Righteous King, Chief Judge). Some of their mos
symbols of authority were the caps,3 or seals, which authenticated their s
In a general sense these types of titles and symbols are to be found else
Indonesia, but here they also reflect the grandeur of the great Islamic c
the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires which the Sultans of Aceh m
sciously have tried to emulate. But these forms of greatness and so
authority are deceiving, for the Acehnese rulers in actuality had little p
or military power and reigned only with the suffrance of their powerfu
military chiefs, known as ulèëbalangs ( = Ma. hulubalang). The most p
of these were the three Panglima Sagis.

*The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation to Dr. Aly Hasjmy, the
IAIN ar-Raniry, Dar al- Saiam, Banda Aceh, for sending a photocopy of the sarakata
here from his private collection and for clarifying many difficult points of Acehnese ter
The authors have contracted many scholarly debts while undertaking the research for t
and would like to thank the numerous colleagues in Holland and Australia who have
help with the Malay and Acehnese of the document reported here. The research for
was made possible by the Australian-American Education (Fulbright) Foundation whic
Dr. Crecelius to Australia during the 1977 academic year.
2The sarakata can best be defined as a type of royal edict issued by the Sultans of Ac
stressing their importance as "the only attempts at centralization of authority," the
Dutch scholar C. Snouck Hurgronje nevertheless maintained that "... hardly a sing
the innovations they comprise has passed from document into actuality." C. Snouck H
The Achehnese, translated by A. W. S. O'SuIlivan (Leyden: E. J. Brill, and London
Co., 1906), Volume I, 4-5. Not much work has been done on sarakatas since Snouck H
and his Dutch contemporary K. F. H. van Langen introduced them to the scholarly co
in the late nineteenth century. A translation of individual sarakatas can be found i
Hurgronje, op. cit., Vol. 1, 190-193 ; van Langen, "De Inrichting van het Atjehsche Staat
onder het Sultanaat," BKI 37 (1888), 463-471 ; G. L. Tichelman, "Een Atjehsche S
(Afschrift van een besluit van Sultan Iskandar Moeda)," TBG 73 (1933), 369-373 ; G.
man, "Samalangasche Sarakata's," TBG 78 (1938), 351-358.
3Snouck Hurgronje, op. cit., Vol. I, 129-130, and G. P. Rouffaer, De Hmdostansche Oo
van het "Negenvoudig" Sultans- Zegel van Atjeh," BKI 59 (1906), 349-384, discuss the
cap sikureueng. Snouck Hurgronje discusses points raised in Rouffaer's article in
keningen op G. P. Rouffaer's Opstel over Atjehsche Soeltanzegels," BKI 60 (1907), 52
cap sikureueng was the "nine-fold" seal usually attached to sarakatas, so called becau
the reigning Sultan's name in the centre were placed eight circles, each containing th
a previous Sultan. On the present sarakata, however, the seal attached is not the cap sik
but is in the form of the one pictured in Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I,
fortunately, both seals on the present sarakata are illegible in the photocopy.

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D. CREÇELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

Acehnese tradition assigns a preeminent place to Sultan Isk

(1607-1636), known as Makota 'Alam, who ruled a powerful ove
kingdom, is said to have established the fundamental laws (undan
Aceh and to have divided Aceh into the administrative units known as
To each mukim, which was made up of a number of gampõngs ,
assigned an ulèëbalang as military chief. By the end of the seven
however, political power had passed from the sultanate into th
ulèëbalangs, who were to dominate the kingdom until they were
class during the long series of Dutch -Acehnese wars which began
sudden emergence of the ulèëbalangs as powerful district lords, i
had been effectively controlled during the reign of Iskandar Muda
of the long period from 1641-1699 during which Aceh was ruled
of four Sultanahs, or queens. It is necessary to briefly review the p
in Aceh from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries to put
sarakata in proper historical perspective.
As mentioned above, the most powerful ulèëbalangs were the th
Sagis whose respective areas of control formed the three corners

^Numerous aspects of seventeenth century Acehnese history, including the perio

of the first Jamal al-Lail Sultan, remain obscure. Among published sources used
for this period, in addition to the works cited in footnotes two and three, are
Voorhoeve, "Two Malay Letters in the National Archives of Denmark," BK
276, and "Three Old Acehnese Manuscripts," Bulletin of the School of Oriental S
335-345; G. W. J. Drewes and P. Voorhoeve, Adat Atjeh ('s-Gravenhage: M
1958); T. Braddel, "On the History of Acheen," Journal of the Indian Archipe
Asia, Series 1, 5 (1851), 15-33; "Translation of the Annals of Acheen," Journ
Archipelago and Eastern Asia , Series 1, 4 (1850), 598-606; Raden Hoesein
"Critisch Overzicht van de in Maleische Werken Vervatte Gegevens over de
het Soeltanaat van Atjeh," BKI 65 (1911), 135-265; M. Junus Djamil,
Keradjaan Atjeh (Banda Aceh: Adjdam-I/Iskandarmuda, 1968); H. M. Zainuddin, Tarich
Atjeh dan Nusantara (Medan: Pustaka Iskandar Muda, 1961); Mohammad Said, Atjeh Sepand-
jang Abad (Medan: privately published, 1961).
5 The Acehnese tended to attribute many aspects of their adat , or customary law, to the proclama-
tions of various Sultans, particularly to the famous undang-undang , or adat Makota ' Alam .
It is questionable that written decrees were of significance in originating customary laws. Snouck
Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I, 6, moreover points out that the alleged seventeenth century
codification of Makota 'Alam contains a reference to the tomb of the famous eighteenth century
saint Teungku Anjõng (d- 1782). "The general tendency," wrote Snouck Hurgronje in the
passage just cited, "is to refer all that has become customary law to the Sultans in general (adat
poteu meureuhom) , and to Meukuta Alam in particular."
6The mukim was a district originally ruled by an Imeum, whose traditional religious role seems to
have been largely replaced by the secular and administrative functions of district chief. See
C. Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I, 82-85, and van Langen, op. cit., 391, for comments
on the imeum mukim or imeum adat as opposed to the imeum sembahyang. The Arabic word
muqtm means "one who resides (in a place)." According to the Shafi'i madhhab, to which the
Acehnese adhere, the presence of 40 free male residents was required to hold a valid Friday
mosque service. The mukim was thus a unit composed of enough villages to permit the holding
of a valid Friday worship service. It is uncertain exactly when the division of Aceh into mukims
occurred. Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I, 80-81, thought it was of an ancient origin,
while Anthony Reid, The Contest for North Sumatra (Kuala Lumpur - Singapore : Oxford
University Press, 1969), 3-4, following Acehnese tradition, believes it was established by Sultan
Makota 'Alam in the seventeenth century.
7In addition to works already cited, background material for an understanding of the present
sarakata has been found in John Anderson, Acheen and the Ports on the North Coasts of Sumatra ,
reprint (Kuala Lumpur - Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1971); C. D. Cowan, "Early
Penang and the Rise of Singapore," JMBRAS 23, Part 2 (1950), 3-210; Paul van't Veer, De
Atjeh'Oorlag (Amsterdam: Uitgeverij De Arbeiderspers, 1969); T. J. Veltman, "Nota over de
Geschiedenis van het Landschap Pidie," TBG 58 (1919), 15-157.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

kingdom of Aceh. They were the Panglima Polëm

ulèëbalang of the XXII mukim and the most powerfu
Seutia Shaikh 'Ulama', ulèëbalang of the XXV mukim
Muda, ulèëbalang of the XXVI mukim* These three po
who are cited in the sarakata under discussion, may be s
traditional guardians of Aceh, with the power to depose
In view of the power of the Panglima Sagis, the Sulta
regarded as no more than lesser district ulèëbalangs , w
of royal titles and the right to represent Aceh to foreign
an area no larger than their own port of Bandar Aceh (al
and, inaccurately, as Kuta Raja by the Dutch), the villages
ing their dalam, or palace grounds, and a narrow strip o
the Aceh River.9 Since the time of Iskandar Muda the sultanate of Aceh had
become the pawn of powerful ulèëbalangs , on the one hand, and European maritime
powers, on the other. The Sultans were largely unsuccessful in their continuing
endeavors to expand their tax collection prerogatives and to regulate trade beyond
their own territories, but maintained their royal titles and other symbols of office.10
The sultanate itself embodied a legitimizing function which helped to maintain
it as an institution. Individual Sultans could be deposed, but the office of the
sultanate was always carefully preserved. The relative weakness of the Sultans
is masked in the sarakatas they issued, even in those of the late nineteenth century
such as the one reported below, by their continuing use of impressive royal titles
and by frequent references to their loyal court officials. In fact, many court
offices had become the hereditary prerogative of various ulèëbalangs who did not
even bother to reside at court, or fell by heredity to powerless court officials who
had no districts to govern.11
The sarakata reported in this article concerns a claim by an alleged descendant
of the Arab dynasty of Sultans known as Ä1 Jamal al-Lail to ownership of certain
lands originally reputed to be the property of Sultan Badr al-'Älam Sharif Häshim,

SPanglima Polêm means "Lord Elder Brother." According to Acehnese traditjjon the first
holder of this office was the elder brother of the first Sult^iah, Seri Ratu Taj al- 'Alam Çafiyat
al-Dîn (1641-1675). Their father was the famous Makota 'Alam, but the mother of the Panglima
Polëm was only a slave-girl. The Panglima Seutia Shaikh 'Ulama' apparently includes the word
shaikh (or siah in Acehnese) in his title because an earlier Panglima in this office was learned in
legal matters. The word Imeum. in the title of the Panglima Imeum Muda likewise indicates
that an earlier holder of this office was an imeum. See Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I,
133-137; Anthony Reid, op. cit., 4; van Langen, op. cit., 393; and J. Kreemer, Atjeh (Leiden:
E. J. Brill, 1923), Vol. II, 192.
9This narrow strip of territory, which Snouck Hurgronje identifies as being "seven great fathoms
wide on either side of the Aceh River, is called by the Acehnese wakeueh, indicating that at
some stage the area was probably encumbered in waqf by the Sultans as a means of maintaining
their control over it. See Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I, 121-125.
l°It was the continuing struggle between the Sultans of Bandar Aceh, their rivals, and the rajas
of other Acehnese ports that caused so many incidents with European merchants trying to carry
on trade in northern Sumatra and eventually led the latter to seek military intervention to protect
their economic interests.
1 !On the deterioration of the office of Qadî al- Malik al - Adii see Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese,
Vol. I, 98, He even suggests that by the late nineteenth century there was no longer any single
person who actually held the office Kãrkun KZttib al-Muluk, though sarakatas, including the
present one, continued to make reference to this office. The Achehnese, Vol. I, 124-125.

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D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

the first of the Ã1 Jamal al-Lail rulers from Mecca.12 This f

sayyids, or descendants of the Prophet, arrived in Aceh in 168
of the third Sultanah, Seri Ratu Zakiyat al-Dïn Shãh (1678-16
from an unsuccessful mission to the Mughal ruler of India.13
by the Acehnese for their classical Arabic training and kn
practices as well as for their illustrious descent from the Pro
the family remained in Aceh when the delegation returned hom
accepted into Acehnese political circles. This was undoubt
the political uncertainty of the time, which led certain powe
seek stability and influence by grooming one of the family as
for the sultanate, an aspiration later to be realized.
The present sarakata specifies that Sayyid Sharif Ibrahim
held the office of Qãdi al-Malik al- Adii, or Chief Judge, app
reign of the fourth Sultanah, Seri Ratu Kamãlat Shãh (1
had apparently been supported by a faction of ulèëbalangs as
sultanate on the death of the third Sultanah.14 Both father a
were strategically placed within the circle of court functionar
when, eleven years later, a fatwã, or legal opinion, from the Ch
arrived, asserting that an Islamic kingdom should not be
Seri Ratu Kamãlat Shãh was deposed and 'Umar, the son of
al- Adii Ibrahim, was installed as Sultan Badr al-'Alam Sha
al-Din Bã' 'Alawi al-Husaini. He ruled from 1699-1702, es
Jamal al-Lail line, and is the Sultan whose property is referre
sarakata . He was eventually set aside because of a physical disab
kept him from performing his prayers properly and was succe
Sayyid Ja'far al-Sãdiq, who ruled as Sultan 'Alam Sharif L
for only one year (1702-1703) before being driven out by his
of Sultan Badr al-'Alam Sharif Hãshim.
The nephew, who ruled as Sultan Badr al-Munir ibn H
al-Lail, is generally listed as having reigned 1703-1726, but in
from the capital into an exile that lasted the rest of his long li
deposition in 1726 two representatives of the Jamal al-Lail fa
uíam 'Imãd al-Din and Shams al-'Alam Wandi Teubeeng, eac
days before the sultanate was passed to Maharaja Lela Ahmad
in Dãr al-Salãm during Badr al-Munïr's long exile. Mahara
from 1726-1735, established the dynasty known as the Bugis
the new ruler had a Bugis mother. Upon the death of Mah
Badr al-Munir established himself in Gampõng Jawa, a vill
walk of the ruling Sultan's own palace, in an attempt to re

12This Meccan dynasty has not received much attention from scholars. Amo
sources see R. H. Djajadiningrat. op. cit., and M. Junus, op. cit.
13For a cursory note on this Meccan embassy, see C. Snouck Hurgronje, "Een Mekkaansch
Gezantschap Naar Atjeh in 1683," BKI 37 (1888), 545-554. M. Junus, op. cit., 47, states that
the delegation visited Aceh to ascertain the truth about unfavorable reports concerning the state
of Islam under a woman ruler.
14M. Junus, op. cit., 48.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

His protracted struggle ended in failure, however, and the

Lela continued to produce legitimate rulers of Aceh up to t
incorporated into the modern Indonesian state.
Aceh remained an unsettled land throughout the eightee
centuries. No Sultan was able to extend his authority effecti
ports of Aceh or into the districts dominated by the ul
powers, particularly the English and Dutch, also constantly
economic advantage in the disrupted region. At one point t
in Penang tried to bring order to the weakened sultanate, an
own trading interests, by encouraging a rich Arab merchant
Husain, a descendant of the former dynasty, to establish his
a situation the ulèëbalangs evidently allowed in the hope of
gifts from Sayyid Husain. But the pretender, known as
(1815-1820), spent his entire reign locked in an indecisive y
with the exiled Sultan Jawhar al-'Alam (1795-1823), who cont
from exile, and was unable to obtain enduring support from
Because the political chaos in Aceh was causing serious damag
in Acehnese ports and because of the decision of Stamford
the exiled Jawhar al-'Alam, British policy made a dramatic s
ship drove the erstwhile protege Saif al-'Alam Shãh from B
sultanate was reclaimed by representatives of the Bugis fami
Jawhar al- 'Älam was never able to return to his former
his illegitimate sons were able to reestablish the family
second son, Dä'üd, ruled as 'Ala' al-Dïn Muhammad Sh
his third son, Ibrãhím, was actually the dominant force beh
1823-1870, although he ruled as uncontested Sultan only fr
in 1870. It was during his reign that the original sarakata wh
here was allegedly composed. He appears in the document b
Ibrãhím and as Sultan 'Alã' al-Dïn Shãh Jahãn. The copy
during the reign of his successor, 'Alã' al-Dïn Mahmüd Shãh
Snouck Hurgronje has correctly noted the imprecision of
dates in Acehnese traditional historical literature.15 The pr
instance, introduces into the list of Sultans a name hithert
claims that the well-known Sultan Badr al-Munïr was not the
al-'Alam Sharïf Hãshim as all other sources specify, but ('f
son of the Qädi al-Malik al- Adii Ibrãhím and brother of
Sharif Hãshim and Sultan Badr al-'Alam Sharif Lamtui al-Muta'awï. The
sarakata cites this hitherto unreported Sultan, whom it n$*nes as Sultan Badr
al-'Alam Zain al-'Abidïn-Al Jamal al-Lail, as having ruled for seven (and here
the copyist of the document has omitted the exact period Qf rule) in the year
1111 A.H. (1699 A.D.). Another sarakata from the same group (see below)
presents the same genealogy and notes that Sultan Zain al-'Abidïn reigned for
1 5 Snouck Hurgronje, The Achehnese, Vol. I, 6, ft. 1. See also R. H. Djajadiningrat, op. cit., for
a discussion on the varying dates relating to Acehnese events and reigns iti the various Malay
texts.

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D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEÀRDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

seven months in the year 1111 A.H. The insertion of a pr

Sultan into the genealogy of the Jamal al-Lail line introduce
to the authenticity of this document and others in the same g
A group of several dozen manuscripts has recently appeare
are all written in the same hand, and are said to be the work
Teungku di Mulè' In a recent article, Henri Chambert-Loi
documents, which are dated between c. 1840 and c. 1880 A
that they are forgeries composed during the last 25 years, and
three groups: historical notes; the role of Teungku di Mulé*
War; and prophecies.17 The circumstantial nature of the l
of the factors suggesting forgery to Chambert-Loir, and (he
di Mulé' is not a known historical figure, though he is re
Private Secretary to Sultan Ibrahim Mansûr Shãh.18
It is clear that the sarakata examined in this paper is part
di Mulé' documents; however, as the authors have acquired a
texts bearing his name, it seems likely that Chambert-Loir's c
be extended to include a category concerned with property i
latter documents bear the copyist's name Teungku di Mul
ibn Ahmad ibn 'Ali Ä1 Jamal al-Lail, who refers to himself i
al-miskïn al-faqïr al-gharïb. Virtually all of them make hi
properties purportedly belonging to the Jamal al-Lail family
teristic of the group is that Teungku di Mulé' 's handwritten s
ably said to be copies of originals from the reign of Sulta
Jahãn, the previous ruler.
Chambert- Loir's doubts about the authenticity of his docu
out by numerous inconsistencies in the property inheritance
has already been made to the previously unreported Sultan Z
is listed only in this group. There are also questions relating
in the documents and to specific claims made in them. Despit
in certain Malay texts of the period, one wonders whether suc
mayor or sekreteris (a term appearing in another of the sarak
possession) were actually known or used in Aceh in the middle
century. Most of the sarakatas in this group also are authent
to a trio of court ministers (the Ministers of Interior, Foreign Aff

16H. Chambert-Loir, "Rapport de Mission a Aceh avril-mai 1976", BE

310. He comments specifically on the Teunerku di Mule' documents on 308-309.
Ulbid., 309.
Wlbid.; by "Private Secretaiy", Chambert-Loir is presumably referring to the functionary whose
title appears frequently in sarakatas , i.e. the Kãrkun Katib al-Muluk (Ac. Keureukon Katibõy
Muluk). This official seems to have existed in this role at one time (see Tichelman, 1933, 370
n. 1 , where a European report refers to his scribal activities), but in the latter years of the sultanate
the secretarial functions seem to have disappeared. There is one reference to an Indian merchant
having the title bestowed upon him in 1752 (Drewes and Voorhoeve, Adat Atjeh, 23 ref. 119
text), thus possibly indicating a demise of the scribal functions bv that time.
19Another Teungku di Mulé' document in the authors* possession, for example, may be described
as a sarakata I waqfty ah. It purports to be a true copy, made in 1872, of a waqfahli or "family"
zvaqf, in the form of a sarakata of 'Ala' al-DTn Mansur Shãh, Sultan of Aceh, in the year 1850.
The Sultan sets aside some property in the village of Gampõng Jawa for the Muslim saint al-
Sayyid al-Hab"b Sayf al-DTn Teungku di Ahmad ibn 'Ali and his descendants.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

whose existence in the 1870's is not clear. Another sa

which is in the authors' possession lists a government of
the names of each minister), among whom are such imp
a Minister of Agriculture, a Minister of Education, a Min
a Minister of (Public) Works, and a Minister of Awqäf.
had elaborated such an extensive bureaucracy by the thr
nineteenth century.
Finally, the sarakata presented below contains a lis
Sultan Badr al-'Ãlam Sharif Hãshim (1699-1702) who
working his lands and who are therefore eligible to recei
which suddenly intrudes into the middle sections of thi
that this document, purportedly drawn up as an original
century and a half later should be able to identify 74 ind
period with such accuracy and often by no other appela
It is even more unusual to find this same list of 74 nam
intact from another document from an earlier period. H
reproduced with a few variations, but for the most par
precisely the same sequence, purports to represent the
that governed Aceh during the reign of Safïyat
There is no evidence outside this di Mulé' series of sarakatas that Aceh had
evolved a parliament in the seventeenth century or a bureaucracy with 21 separate
ministries in the nineteenth century, nor is it likely that 74 individuals of a
parliamentary class in the period of Safïyat al-Dïn would show up a generation
or more later, in a group, as the loyal peasants of Sultan Badr al-'Âlam Sharïf
Hãshim.
The aforementioned problems, seen in the light of Chambert-Loir's opinions
suggest that the sarakatas in the di Mulé* series must have their authenticity
subjected to careful analysis before the claims made in them can be accepted.
The sarakata transliterated and translated below, for instance, relates
to the claim by 'Abdallah ibn Ahmad ibn 'AH Ã1 Jamal al-Lail to property allegedly
belonging to Sultan Badr al-'Âlam Sharïf Hãshijn, the founder of the Jamal
al-Lail dynasty. It is characteristic of other sarakatas in the series in that it
was copied by Sayyid 'Abdallah in 1289 A.H. (1872) from the original document
dated 1266 A.H. (1849). At the same time he also copied a sarakatalwaqfiyah
which the authors are preparing for publication and which gave Sayyid 'Abdullah
exclusive ownership of Badr al-Munïr's fort in Gampõng Jawa. In the present
sarakata Sayyid 'Abdallah, referred to as Sayyid 'Abdallah Teungku di Mulé1
Cadië' Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, is one of four inheritors. In the introduction to the
copy made in 1289 A.H. it is stressed that the original sarakata of 1266 A.H. is
the personal property of Sayyid 'Abdallah, and his descent stretching as far as
Sultan Badr al-Munïr and the hitherto unreported Zain al-'Âbidïn is specified.
It is unusual that his descent does not appear to be in a direct blood relationship,

20See Aly Hasjmy, 59 Tahun Aceh Met deka di bawah Pemerintahan Ratu (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang,
1977), 124-125. The evidence appears to come from another Teungku di Mulé' document.

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D. CREGELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

but seems to be traced to court ushers (muhdirün) in the courts of t

Be that as it may, the statement of this genealogy is intended to s
legitimization of his claim. Within the sarakata one also finds a br
of the origins of the founder of the Jamal al-Lail dynasty of Arab sa
The body of the sarakata is written in Malay mixed with numero
words and phrases, while the introduction and conclusion are writt
Most of the titles relating to the sultanate and the court are derived
Arabic ( Qãdi al-Malik al- Adii, Kãtib al-Mulük, ahi warïth, zill Allä
or Persian (Shãhbandar, Kãrkun, (ber) daulat), but the sarakata a
sizable number of Acehnese titles of rank worth mentioning. 21 The
Bã' - Head of a group of sayyids .
Bangta - Abbrev. of abangta, meaning "our elder brother". A
( Banta ) princely title ; in general, the title of those younger brothers
or relatives of an ulèëbalang who assist in his administration.
Cut - Generally indicates younger members of a family; has
wide application in titles, etc.
Di - Short for Sidi; a title for male descendants of the Prophet.
When followed by a place name, however, di is a pre-
position.
KeuchV - Title which designates a village head, of one or more
gampõngs, and indicates temporal as opposed to religious
authority.
Meurah - Title of territorial chiefs during pre-sultanate Aceh;
later used as a female title, or as a male or female personal
name, for those decended from these chiefs.
Nya' - General form of address and designatory word for those
(Manya') without titles; also a form of address to or part of the
name of a child.
Pocut - A general title of princes and princesses of the Royal
House of Aceh.
Teungku - Generally a title of those notable for piety or religious
learning, or of those who hold religious offices.
Wan - Title of the daughters of sayyids .
Wandt - Combination of Wan and Di, presumably applying to
males and females.

The original document of the photocopy from which the authors worked is
reported to be slightly damaged and dirty. Sections of the document are smudged,
the scribe has had to write over some mistakes he has made, and the document
has lost approximately one centimeter along the whole right hand side, leaving
parts or all of the first word of each line missing, on both sides. It has neverthe-
less been possible to reconstruct the missing letters or words for most lines on

21 The following definitions have been derived mainly from Raden Hoesein Djajadiningrat, Atjehsch-
Nederlandsch Woordenboek (Batavia: 1934), 2 vols. Also consulted were Snouck Hurgronje's
The Achehnese and J. Kreemer, Atjeh (Leiden: Brill, 1923), 2 vols.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

the basis of internal evidence. Where we are not entirely c

structed word we have suggested the word, followed by a
we have been unable to ascertain the missing word we h
with the notation (obsc.), a designation we have also used t
smudged and unreadable in the text.
Since the document is written in Arabic, Malay and Aceh
systems of transliteration have had to be employed. It will
which parts of the document are in each particular languag
rendered as it appears, so sipa'il and warith , for example, h
sipahi and waris, and doubtful Arabic constructions, such a
or al-Rabi ' al-Awwal , have been preserved.

Transliteration

To the left and right of cap at top of front page:

Sultan 'Ala' al-Dln Mahmud Shãh ibn al-marfrôm Paduka Seri Sultan
'Ala' al-Dîn Sulaimãn 'Al! Iskandãr Shãh. Di bawah kekuasaan ahi warïth
Kerajaan Aceh Yang Dipertuan Besar Seri Paduka Bangta Keď (read Keuchi*
throughout the text) Tuanku Mafrmüd ibn Tuanku Qãdir Shãh ibn Tuanku
Zain al-'Âbidïn ibn al-marhum Paduka Seri Sultãn 'Alã' al-Dîn Mahmud Shãh
Johan (read Jahãn or Jihãn throughout the text) berdaulat zill Allah fì al-'âlam.
Shahadan sebermula maka ketahui olehmu hai talib bahwa surat éseuteumi ini
telah ditahkikkan dengan sahlh saht mu'tamad oleh Yang Dipertuan Besar al-
Wazïrah (read Wizãrah throughout) al-Mïzân, al-Wazïrah al-Dakhilïyah (read
al-DãkhilIyah), al-Wazïrah al-Khãrijíyah, Seri Paduka Bangta Keď Tuanku
Mahmud ibn Tuanku Qãdir Shãh Johan berdaulat zill Allãh fì al-'âlam. Sanat
1289 hijrah fi (obsc.) Muharram. Intahã al-kalãm.
To the left and right of cap on reverse side of document:
Bismillãh al-Rahmãn al-Rahïm. Wa man lam yabkum bimã anzala Allah
fa üla'ika hum al-kãfirõn. Fa üla'ika hum al-zãlimun. Fa üla'ika hum al-
fäsiqün. Inna Allãh lã yughayyir mã bi qaumin hattã yughayyirû mã bi
anfusihim, ya'nï Allãh ta'âlâ tiada mengubahkan ia (obsc.) dianugerahkan dia
bagi segala kaum hingga diubahkan mereka itu (obsc.) majlis mereka itu dengan
dia sendiri. Wajib usaha.
Surat éseuteumi ini hak milik ťabd al-miskîn al-faqïr al-gharïb Teungku Di
Mulé* Sayyid 'Abdallãh ibn Ahmad ibn 'Ali ibn 'Abd al-Rahmãn ibn 'Uthmãn
ibn Hasan ibn Wandi Mulè* Sïdï Lela al-Habïb Sharif 'Abdallãh ibn Sïd! 'Abdallãh
al-Hab!b Sharif Ibrãhlm Faisal 'Abd ál-Jalil al-Muhdirun Suhãn 'Alã* al-Dln
Jamãl al-'Älam Badr al-Munlr Ã1 Jamal al-Lail ibn Sultãn Badr al-'Alam Zain
al-'Âbidïn.

The text, beginning on front page:

Bismillãh al-Rahmãn al-Ra^ïm. Al-hamdu li Allãh, Rabb al-'Älimln, wa
al- salât wa al-salãm 'alã sayyidinã Muhammad, sayyid al-awwalîn wa al-ãkhirln
wa 'alã ãlihi wa sahbihi ajma'în. Qãla Allãh ta'älä: "Inna Allãh ya'murukum

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D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

an tu'addü al-amãnãt ila ahlihã." Qãla Allãh ta'älä: "Inna Allã

al-'adl wa al-ihsãn wa ïtâ'i dhï al-qurbã wa yanhã 'an al-fahshã' w
Qãla al-Nabï, sallã Allah 'alaihi wa sallam, "Man ista'malnähu m
'amalin fa katama mikhyatan (fa mã) fauqahã kãna ghulûlan ya'tï b
qiyãmah." "(Mã) ta'kulu amwãl al-nãs bi al-bãtal (read lã ta'kul
bainakum bi al-bãtal). M Wa f! hijrat al-Nabï, sallã Allãh 'alaih
sallam, sittah wa sittfn wa al-mâ'atan ba'd al-alf. Sanat 1266 hi
'ishrïn min shahr Muharram fï yaum al-arba', waqt zuhr, in shã
bi 'aun Allãh al-Malik al-'Älam.
Shahadan sebermula maka ketahui olehmu hai sekalian hamba Allã
yang ra'ayàt Aceh, tuha muda, besar kecil, kaya miskin, laki2 pere
sekalian hulubalang2, imeum2, keuchi'2, dan qadï2, timur barat, tu
khusus tiga mukim Kiadang (read Kayèë Adang throughout) ada
(na?) Raja Tuanku Ibrâhïm yaitu Yang Dipertuan pada masa sekar
negeri Aceh bi madïnat al-Sultãn al-Ashïyah al-Kubrã Bandar
Salãm dan jajahan ta'luknya yaitu Tuan kita al-mulaqqab Paduk
'Alã' al-Dïn Shãh Johan berdaulat zill Allãh fï al-'âlam. Maka in
éseuteumi menyatakan huma blang Sikeumeu, dan tanah tempat pa
dan tanah hutan kayu api, tempatnya dalam daerah tiga mukim Kia
di Lam Kruët Lambarõ dan di Lambarõ, mulai tempat kubur W
Sïdï al-Habïb Sharïf Mahmiìd Ã1 Jamal ál-Lail. Tandanya pada temp
itu cit pohon glumpang. Maka huma blang Sikeumeu, dan tanah pad
dan hutan kayu api, yaitu timur barat, tonong barõh, selatan utara
Kruëng Aceh dan jurõng kuala dan blang Lambarõ, dan Lheue,
empunya huma blang Sikeumeu, dan tanah padang lapang tempa
senjata, dan hutan kayu api, makasemuanya tanah2 tempat yang ter
harta hak milik khusus milik Paduka Seri Sultãn Badr al-'Âlam S
Jamãl al-Dïn Ã1 Jamal al-Lail Bã (read Bã* throughout) 'Alawï al-ïiu
jadi Raja dalam negeri Aceh Bandar Dãr al-Salãm pada tahun hijr
sampai pada tahun hijrah sanat 1121.
Maka dalam Gampõng Lheue, dan dalam Gampõng Lamb
Gampõng Lam Kruët Lambarõ* dalam tiga gampõng tersebut di
hamba (obsc.) menjaga mengurus huma, dan menanam teubèë, da
kayu apl. Maka tiap2 seorang diberikan tanah oleh Sultãn. Tiap
(obsc.) ringgit Aceh, dan belanja makanan tiap2 hari diberi oleh
pakaian tiap2 tahun empat kali, ya'ni tiga bulan sekali. Dan pada hari
(read memegang), yaitu medemegang puasa, dan medemegang hari r
dan medemegang hari raya Hajj, tiap2. seorang hambanya diberi dag
(sebab ?) karena hambanya ta'at kepada Tuannya.
Maka inilah nama2 hamba Paduka Seri Sultãn Badr al-ťAlam Shar
Jamãl al-Dïn Ã1 Jamal al-Lail Bã 'Alawï al-Husainï: 1. (obs
Jum'ah 3. Ahmad Bungsõ 4. ťAbd al-Yatïm 5. ťAbd al-Rashï
Sayyid 7. Iskandãr Shãh 8. Afemäd Dïwân 9. Mayor talib 1
11. (obsc.) Umarallãh 12. Si Khatófah 13. al-Maddãl 14. ťAb
15. ťAbd al-Majïd 16. Si Isah 17. Amurat Gata 18. Khoja ^îa

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/';-=09 )(8* =-0/']

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Reproduction of a copy of the Text of this Sarakata.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

20. Hïdah 21. Si Bungan 22. Si Maninya 23. Sittï Cah

25. Si Bungkit 26. Nya' Saman 27. Ahmad 28. Jami
Khan Bahadur 30. Si Nya' Ugah 31. Khoja Nasfr 32.
Manya') Puan 33. 'Abd al-Wahid 34. Sãlih Malík 35. Sa
Khatïb 37. Mu^am Imam 38. Khatïb Mu'azzam 3
40. Badaya 41. 'Abd al-Rahmân 42. Bujang Arfasah 43. N
Muhammad 45. (obsc., Dhalmaransah ?) 46. Panglim
Dewa 48. Sâhidï 49. Bisähid 50. Si Menyaga (read Ma
(obsc., Rihai?) 52. Ahmad Ratïb 53. Si Manjannya 54.
Habïbah 56. Mustafa 57. Nya' Shaikh Shâdïn 58. (Obs
Aman Khan 60. Zamzamï 61. Abü Gaseh 62. Khoja R
Ma'tü' 64. Uli Puan 65. Seutia Awan 66. Si Nya' Ang
68. 'Abd al-Muqïm 68. (sic) Si Nya' Máwar 69. Si Mani
71. Si Nya' Bintang 72. 'Abd al-Müjid 73. Ibrahim Abïd
Maka dalam surat éseuteumi ini kami beritahukan dan kam
dengan keputusan sabda mupakat Kerajaan kami, dengan
sagi, dan hulubalang panglima tiga mukim Kiadang, Po
al-'azam (read al-Wazïr al-A'çam) Panglima Polëm Seri M
XXII dan Wazïr al-Ghazzï Seri (obsc.) Muda Panglima XX
al-'Älam Seri Seutia 'U Adam al-Shaikh 'Ulama' Panglim
Malik al-' Adïl, dan beserta 'ãlim 'ulama' shar'ï (dalam?) n
Bandãr Dar al-Salãm, bahwa sekalian tanah2 yang hak mil
Badr al-'Alam Sharïf Häshim Jamal al-Dïn Al Jamal al-La
telah tersebut, yaitu huma blang Sikeumeu, dan tanah te
dan hutan kayu api mulai cit ba' glumpang (mulai tempat ?)
Sayyid al-Habïb Sharïf Mahmud Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, yaitu
barõh, selatan utara, laut darat, sampai di tepi (reverse side
Berok, dan jurõng pergi ke kuala Aceh, dan sampai ke jurõn
panjang) Lamprik, dan Tunggul, dan Theun Taleu, dan b
sekalian tanah2 di atas dengan yang tersebut telah jatuh hak
orang ahi warïth anak сиси Sultan 'Ala' ai-Din Jamal al-'
Ã1 Jamal al-Lail dengan sahih sahb mu'tamad ijma' mupakat
walinya, di hadapan majlis sabda mupakat dalam masjid B
Dar al-Dõnya.
Pertama, Sïdï al-Habïb Saif al-Dïn Teungku Di Ahmad
Garõt Aceh. Kedua, Sayyid 'Abdallah Teungku Di Mu
al-Lail. Ketiga, Sïdï al-Habïb Sharïf Teungku Dï Hãsh
Blang Awé. Keempat Sïdï al-Habïb Sharïf Teungku Dï A
al-Lail Tungkõb Aceh. Hak turun menurun sampai kepa
Jamal al-Lail masing2 yang empat orang, yaitu walau ber
akan datang sekalipun, siapa2 yang memegang negeri (Aceh
tetap hak milik turun menurun hak pusaka, hingga hari qiy
Intahä wa katabahu Keuchi' 'Abd al-Jamal (read al-Jamäl) M
Shahadan sebermula maka ketahui olehmu hai talib bah
qadï) al-qudã', qadï al-Malik al-'Adïl Sayyid al-Mukammal

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 D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

Ibrahim Ã1 Jamal al-Lail (lima?) orang anaknya. Pertama, Say

Raja dalam negeri Aceh pada tahun sanat 1111 hijrah, tujuh lam
mulaqqab Sultan Badr al-'Ãlam Zain al-'Ãbidin Ã1 Jamal al-Lail.
Cut Wan Sharïfah Salmah. Ketiga, Sayyid 'Umar, jadi Raja dalam
pada tahun sanat 1111 hijrah sampai pada tahun sanat 1121 hijra
Sultan Badr al-'Ãlam Sharif Hãshim Jamal al-Din Ã1 Jamal al-L
Sayyid Muhammad Ja'far al-Sãdiq, jadi Raja dalam negeri Aceh
sanat 1121 hijrah sampai pada tahun sanat hijrah (obsc.) hijrah
Sultan Perkasa 'Ãlam Sharif Lamtui al-Muta'awi ÀI Jamal al-L
Sayyid Abdallah Sulaimãn Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, al-mulaqqab Teungk
Cat Ireu.

Passage accompanying the map on the reverse side of the document:

Shahadan sebermula, maka ketahui olehmu hai talib. Maka lihatlah angka
nombor masing2. Pertama angka 1. Kubur Wandi Kebo' Sidi al-Habib Sharif
Mahmüd Ã1 Jamal al-Lail. Angka 2. (Numbers 2-4 are missing from the photo-
copy). 5. Blang Sikeumeu. Angka 6. Gampõng Lheue. Angka 7. Aluë Bedil.
Angka 8. Lam Kruët Lambarõ. Angka 9. Gampõng Lambarõ. Angka 10. juröng
pergi pulang bali* ke kuala. Angka 1 1 . jurõng panyang pergi pulang bali* Lamprik,
Tunggul, Theun Taleu. Angka 12. Blang Lambarõ. Angka 13. huma ra'ayat.
Angka 14. huma ra'ayat.
Maka demikianlah memberitahukan harta Ä1 Jamal al-Lail oleh Keuchi'
Teungku Ibrahim Tuan kita Paduka Seri Sultan 'Alä1 al-Din Mansür Shãh
Johan berdaulat zill Allah fi al-'âlam. Disalin sebagaimana naskhah asal oleh
'abd al-miskin al-faqir al-gharib Teungku Di Sayyid 'Abdallah ibn Ahmad ibn
'Ali Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, pada tahun sanat 1289, pada zaman kerajaan Tuan kita
Paduka Seri ...

Translation

To the left and right of cap at top of front page:

Sultan 'Ala' al-Din Mahmüd Shãh, son of the deceased Paduka Sultan 'Ala*
al-Din Sulaimãn 'Ali Iskandãr Shãh.23 By the authority of the Inheritor22 of
the Kingdom of Aceh, the Ruler, Paduka Bangta Keuchi' Tuanku Mahmud,
the son of Tuanku Qãdir Shãh, the son of Tuanku Zain al-'Abidin, the son of
the deceased Paduka Seri Sultan 'Alã' al-Din Mahmüd Shãh Jahãn, Sovereign
Lord, the shadow of God on earth. Be it known by you, oh readers (students),
that this royal document has been fully validated by the Ruler, the Ministry of
Justice, the Ministry of Interior, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Seri
22This first sentence appears to be merely a statement of the name of the reigning Sultan ; cf. the
third of the sarakatas in Tichelman's 1938 publication. See Tichelman, 1938, 355 (transliter-
ation). 356 (translation). 360 (photograph of original).
23The phrase here is ahi warîth, which is a collective word (Arabic ahi indicating plurality) and is
used elsewhere in the text when referring to more than one person. Here, however, it appears
to refer to the Ruler and may indicate that the phrase was divorced from its grammatical origins
and could have, like some Arabic words accepted into Acehnese usage, singular or plural design-
ations.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

Paduka Bangta Keuchi' Tuanku Mafrmüd, the son of Tua

Sovereign Lord, the shadow of God on earth. The year 1
Muharram. Finis.
To the left and right of cap on reverse side of document:
In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. "Whose judgeth
not by that which Allah revealed, such are disbelievers, they are wrongdoers, they
are evil-livers.,, (al-Qur'än, V, 44, 45 and 47) "Allah changeth not the condition
of a folk until they (first) change that which is in their hearts." (al-Qur'an,
XIII, 11) That is to say, God, may He be exalted ...24 Let your endeavor
be earnest !
This royal document is the rightful property of the humble, poor and alien25
servant Teungku Di Mulé* Sayyid 'Abdallah, the son of Ahmad, the son of 'Alf,
the son of 'Abd al-Rahmãn, the son of 'Uthmãn, the son of IJasan, the son of
Wandi Mulè* Sïdï Lela al-Habïb Sharif 'Abdallah, the son of Sïdï Abdallah al-
IJabib Sharif Ibrahim Faisal 'Abd al-Jalïl, court ushers of Sultan' Ala' al-Dïn
Jamãl al-'Ãlam Badr al-Munïr Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, the son of Sultan Badr al-'Älam
Zain al-'Âbidïn.26

The text, beginning on front page:

In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. Praise be to God,
Lord of the worlds, and (God) bless and preserve our Lord Muhammad, lord
of the first and the last, and his family and all his companions. God, may He
be exalted, has said, "God commands you to restore deposits to their owners."
(al-Qur'ân, IV, 58) God, may He be exalted, has said, "God commands justice
and goodness, and the giving to kinfolk and forbids shameful deeds and abomina-
tion." (al-Qur'an, XVI, 90) The Prophet, (God) bless and preserve him, has
said, "Whoever among you we have apppinted to a position (of responsibility),
and he withholds from us (even) a needle, and nothing more, this will be like
fetters with which he will present himself on the day of resurrection." (Ibn
Sa'd, Tabãqãt, VII, ii, 176, line 11; Imam Muslim, Sähih Muslim, Imãrat)
"Squander not your wealth (among yourselves) in vanity." (al-Qur'an, II, 188,
and IV, 29) In the hijrah of the Prophet, God bless and preserve him, in the
year 1266 A.H., on 22 Muharram, Wednesday, (8 December, 1849), in the after-
noon, if God, may He be exalted, wills, with the permission of God, Ruler of
the world.
And be it known by you, all you servants of God, people of Aceh, old and
young, great and small, rich and poor, men and women, and all ulèëbalangs,
imeums, keuchťs , and qâdïs, east and west, highlands and lowlands, especially the

24The next three li nès are an attempt to translate the above Qur'anic verse into Malay. Too many
of the words are obscured to permit a meangingful translation from the Malay into English.
2$In the text, it first appears that the copyist has made the serious mistake of referring to himself
as "the worshipper, or servant, of the unfortunate one," But in Malay manuscripts the first
article of compounds is usually omitted. The word gharib seems to refer here to the foreign
origin of the writer's family.
26This genealogy of the beneficiary is at once revealing and suspect. _No other source verifies
this genealogical statement on the parentage of Sultan Badr al-Munîr. See the commentary
in the introduction.

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 D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

three muktms Kayèë Adang. These are the words of Raja Tuanku
that is, the ruler at the present time in Aceh, in the city of the Sultan o
Aceh, Bandar Aceh, Dãr al-Salãm, and its dependencies, that is, our lord
as Paduka Seri Sultan 'Ala' al-Dïn (Mansür) Shãh Jahãn, Sovereign
shadow of God on earth. This is a royal document clarifying (the statu
dry fields (huma) and wet rice fields (blang) of Sikeumeu, the open fie
the forest land for (collecting) firewood, located in the area of the mu
Kayèë Adang, that is, in Lam Kruët Lambarõ and in Lambarõ, begi
the grave of Wandi Kebo' Sîdï al-IJabïb Sharif Mahmüd Al Jamal al
sign is at the grave, the marker (being) a glum pang tree. The huma an
the open fields, and the forest (for collecting) firewood, that is, east a
highland and lowland, north and south, and bordered by the Aceh River
leading to the estuary, and the blang of Lambarõ and Lheue, (that)
blang of Sikeumeu, and the open land where the sipahis train, and the
forest land, all the abovementioned lands are owned by and are the
property of Paduka Seri Sultan Badr al-'Alam Sharif Hãshim Jamal
Jamal al-Lail Bã* 'Alawï al-blusainï, who was king in the land of Aceh,
Dãr al-Salãm, from the year 1111 AH to the year 1121 AH.27
In the village of Lheue, in the village of Lambarõ, and in the village
Kruët Lambarõ, in these three villages, the people are (were) ordered to
look after the huma, to plant sugar cane, and to cut firewood. Every p
(to be) given land by the Sultan.28 Every month (obsc.) Aceh ringgits,
food expenses (will be) given by the Sultan, and clothing four times ev
that is, every three months. And on the "days preceding feasts, that is,
the Fast, preceding Shawwãl (breaking of the Fast), preceding the festi
Hajj, every subject (will be) given meat worth one rial because his (t
subjects are obedient to their lord (the ruler).
These are the names of the subjects of Paduka Seri Sultan Badr
Sharif Hãshim Jamãl al-Dïn Ã1 Jamal al-Lail Bã' 'Alawï al-Husainï:
remain the same as in the transliteration.)
In this royal document we make known and clarify, in accordance w
royal decision (and) with (that of) the ulèëbalangs of the three sagis and
balang panglima of the III mukim Kayèë Adang, Pocut Hajjï, and t
al-A'zam Panglima Polëm Seri Muda Perkasa Panglima XXII, and th
al-Ghazzï Seri Muda Panglima XXVI, and Qâdï Malik al-'Alam Se
CU Adam al-Shaikh 'Ulamã', Panglima XXV, and Qâdï al-Malik al-'A
the 'ulama* (obsc.) in the land of Aceh (and) the three sagis, Bandar
Salãm, that these lands which are the private property of Paduka Se

27Sultan Badr al-'Alam Sharif Hãshim ruled only from 1111-1113 AH (1699-170
king- lists, however, have him reigning to 1121 AH (1709), as does this sarakata.
Zainuddin, op. cit., 409.
28This statement may not mean that each subject was actually given his own private land
bering that the land is claimed as the private property of Sultan Badr al-'Älam Shar
and is being claimed by the four inheritors, this phrase probably indicates an allotmen
was assigned for the completion of duties specified in the sentence immediately above.

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PART 2, 1979 A REBUTED ACEHNESE SARAKATA

Badr al-'Alam Sharif Hãshim Jamal al-Dïn Ä1 Jamal al-L

above, the huma and blang of Sikeumeu, and the open f
forest, from the glumpang tree marker at the grave of
Habïb Sharif Mahmüd Ã1 Jamal al-Lail, that is, east
lowland, north and south, sea and land, up to the edg
document) path to Berok, and the path going to the est
and up to the long lane to Lamprik, Tunggul and Th
of Lambarõ, now all these above-mentioned lands are
property of four inheritors, descendants of Sultan 'Ala*
Badr al-Munïr Al Jamal al-Lail, with absolute validity
and agreement of all their representatives before a co
in the mosque of Bait al-Rahïm in (the royal compound
First, Sïdï al-ЦаЫЬ Saif al-Dïn Teungku Dï Ahmad
Aceh. Second, Sayyid 'Abdallah Teungku Di Mulé' Ca
Third Sïdï al-Habïb Sharïf Teungku Dï Hãshim Al J
Fourth, Sïdï al-Habïb Sharïf Teungku Abü Bakr Al J
Aceh. The rights extend to their descendants, of the
from generation to generation, for each of the four pe
changes occur in the kingship of Aceh, or whoever rule
of ownership is fixed, as an inheritance right, from gene
the day of resurrection. Peace. Finis. It was reco
al-Jamãl Mardüt.
Be it known by you, oh readers (students), that th
Malik al-'Adïl, Sayyid al-Mukammal Sïdï al-ЦаЬГЬ Ib
had (five?) children. First, Sayyid 'AH, who was Raj
1111 AH for seven (sic., the key word being missing
al-'Alam Zain al-'Abidïn Al Jamal al-Lail. Second, (ob
Salmah. Third, Sayyid 'Umar, who was Raja in Aceh
until the year 1121 AH, known as Sultan Badr al-cAla
al-Dïn Al Jamal al-Lail. Fourth, Sayyid Muhammad J
Raja in Aceh in the year 1121 AH until (obsc.), known
Sharïf Lamtui al-Muta'awï Al Jamal al-Lail. Fifth, Sa
Al Jamal al-Lail, known as Teungku Bã' Kharam Cat Ireu

Passage accompanying the map on the reverse side of do

Be it known by you, oh reader (student). Look at
1. The grave of Wandi Kebo* Sïdï al-ЦаЫЬ Sharïf Ma
2, - 4. are missing from the photocopy. 5. Blang of
Lheue. 7. The Bedil channel. 8. Lam Kruët Lambarõ.
10. Path to and from the estuary. 11. Long path to and
and Theun Taleu. 12. Blang of Lambarõ. 13. Comm
huma .

29ThÍ8 genealogy, as noted in the commentary, introduces a hitherto unknown Sultan.

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D. CRECELIUS and E. A. BEARDOW JMBRAS, VOL. 52

Thus are indicated the possessions of the family of Jamal

Teungku Ibrahim, our lord Paduka Seri Sultan1 Ala' al-Dïn Ma
Sovereign Lord, the shadow of God on earth. It was copied
document by the humble, poor, and alien servant Teungku D
the son of AJimad, the son of 'Al!, of the family of Jamal al-L
(1872), in the era of rule of our lord Paduka Seri ...30

30 The document ends here, though there is space on the page for comp
Sultan.

66

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