Sample Question Paper 12

Mathematics (Basic )
Class 10th
1. (c) Factors of 450 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 Let the point P (x, y ) divides the line segment joining
= 2 × 32 × 52 the points A and B.
m x + m2 x1
2. (b) Since, BD is a line and EC is ray on it. ∴ x= 1 2
m1 + m2
∴ ∠DEC + ∠BEC = 180 °
1× 6 + 3 × 0 6 3
⇒ ∠DEC + 115° = 180 ° = = =
1+ 3 4 2
⇒ ∠DEC = 180 ° − 115° = 65°
m1 y2 + m2 y1
3. (d) Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 8 + 4 + 7 = 24 and y=
m1 + m2
∴ Total number of elementary events = 24 1 × 0 + 3 × 6 18 9
There are 7 black balls in the bag. = = =
1+ 3 4 2
∴ Favourable number of elementary events = 7
 3 9
7 ∴ P ( x, y ) =  , 
Hence, P (getting a black ball) =  2 2
24
8. (d) Given, in right ∆ABC, right angled at A, AB = 5,
4. (b) Given, system of equation is
AC = 12 and BC = 13
x + 2 y = 5 and 3x + ky − 15 = 0 C
The above system of equations will have no solution, if
1 2 5 13
= ≠ 12
3 k 15
1 2
⇒ = [taking first two terms] B A
3 k 5
⇒ k=6 AC 12
∴ sin B = =
5. (a) Given, (x1, y1 ) = (4, 7 ) and (x2 , y2 ) = (0, 0 ) BC 13
∴ Distance between two points 3
9. (b) Given, sin2θ = ⇒ 2θ = 60 °
2
= (x 2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2 60 °
⇒ θ=
= (0 − 4)2 + (0 − 7 )2 2
= 16 + 49 ⇒ θ = 30 °
= 65 = 8.06 units 10. (c) Here, joining three cubes, we get cuboid whose
= 8 units (approx.) length, l = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 cm
breadth, b = 5 cm
6. (a) Given, (x1, y1 ) = (−6, 9) and (x2 , y2 ) = (−2, 5)
and height, h = 5 cm
x1 + x 2 −6 − 2 8 ∴ Required surface area of the resulting solid
∴ x= = = − = −4
2 2 2 = Surface area of new cuboid
y + y2 9 + 5 14
and y = 1 = = =7 = 2(lb + bh + hl )
2 2 2
= 2 (15 × 5 + 5 × 5 + 5 × 15)
Hence, mid-point is (−4, 7 ).
= 2 (75 + 25 + 75)
7. (c) Given, (x1, y1 ) = (0, 6) and (x2 , y2 ) = (6, 0 )
= 2 (175) = 350 cm 2
and m1 : m2 = 1 : 3
11. (a) Given sequence is 4, 7, 10, 13, …, 112 = 2 × π × r × (2 h ) + 2 × πr 2
Here, 7 − 4 = 10 − 7 = 13 − 10 =.... = 3 = 4πrh + 2 πr 2
So, it is an AP with first term, a = 4 17. (d) Total number of outcomes when two coins are
and common difference, d = 3 tossed = 2 2 = 2 × 2 = 4 i.e. (H, H), (H, T), (T, H), (T, T)
∴ an = 112 Number of favourable outcomes = 1
1
⇒ a + (n − 1)d = 112 ∴ Probability of getting both tails =
4
⇒ 4 + (n − 1)3 = 112
⇒ (n − 1)3 = 108
18. (d) All circles, squares and equilateral triangles are
similar figures.
⇒ n − 1 = 36 3
⇒ n = 36 + 1 = 37
19. (c) Since, 3 can be expressed as , where 3 and 1 are
1
Hence, the given sequence contains 37 terms. integers, so 3 is a rational number.
12. (d) We know that 2n represents the even number, so Hence, the given Assertion is true.
2 n + 1 will always represent an odd number. 16 = ± 4 is not an irrational number.
Let n = 2 ⇒ 2 n = 4 So, the given Reason is false.
Then, 2 n + 1 = 2 (2 ) + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 20. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is
13. (c)Q ∆PMN ~ ∆PQR not the correct explanation of Assertion.
PM PN 21. Calculation of mean
∴ =
PQ PR xi fi fi x i
3 6 6× 4 10 7 70
⇒ = ⇒ PR = = 8 cm
4 PR 3 30 8 240
14. (a) Given, angle of the sector, θ = 60 ° 50 10 500
θ
Area of sector = × πr 2 70 15 1050
360 °
60 ° 89 10 890
∴ Area of the sector with angle 60° = × πr 2 cm 2 N = Σfi = 50 Σfi xi = 2750
360 °
1 22
= × × 6× 6 (1)
6 7 Σf x 2750
132 ∴ Mean = i i = = 55
= cm 2 N 50 (1)
7
θ 22. Let there be x blue balls in the bag.
15. (b) Length of an arc = × 2 πr
360 ° Total number of balls in the bag = (5 + x )
30 ° 22 11 x
Length of arc AB = ×2 × × 7 = cm Now, P1 = Probability of drawing a blue ball =
360 ° 7 3 5+ x
A B 5
P2 = Probability of drawing a red ball = (1)
5+ x
30° It is given that P1 = 2 P2
x 5
O ⇒ =2 ×
5+ x 5+ x
16. (c) The shape formed will be cylinderical of height x 10
= h + h = 2h ⇒ =
5+ x 5+ x
and the radius will remain the same.
r ⇒ x = 10
Hence, there are 10 blue balls in the bag. (1)
h
Or
2h When a coin is tossed three times, possible outcomes
h are
r HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT
∴ Total number of elementary events = 8
Thus, total surface area of the shape so formed
Hanif will lose the game, if all the tosses do not give
= Curved surface area of cylinder with height 2h the same result i.e. all heads or all tails. (1)
+ 2 × area of two bases
 So, favourable outcomes are 25. Let the radius of the circle be r cm and the arc AB of
HHT, HTH, THH, TTH, HTT, THT length 5π cm subtends angle θ at the centre O of the
circle. Then,
∴ Favourable number of elementary events = 6 B
6 3
Hence, P (Hanif will lose the game) = =

5p
8 4 (1)

cm
23. We know that 20 p cm2
q
∠APB + ∠AOB = 180 ° O A
[Q sum of opposite angles of quadrilateral is 180°]
∴ ∠AOB = 180° − ∠APB = 180° − 50° = 130°
[given ∠APB = 50°] …(i) (1)
Now, in ∆OAB, we have Arc AB = 5π cm and area of sector OAB = 20π cm 2

OA = OB [radii of the same circle] θ

⇒ × 2 πr = 5π …(i)
∴ ∠OAB = ∠OBA …(ii) 360 °
[Q angles opposite to equal sides are equal] (1) θ
and × πr 2 = 20 π …(ii)
A 360 °
On dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq. (i), we get
P 50° O θ
× πr 2
360 ° 20 π r
⇒ = ⇒ = 4 ⇒ r = 8 cm
B θ 5π 2
× 2 πr
Also, ∠OAB + ∠OBA + ∠AOB = 180° 360 ° (1)
12
[Q sum of all angles of a triangle is 180°] 26. We have, tanθ =
5
⇒ ∠OAB + ∠OAB + 130° = 180°
∴ sec θ = 1 + tan 2 θ
[from Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
2
⇒ 2 ∠OAB = 180° − 130°  12 
= 1+   =
169 13
=
⇒ 2∠OAB = 50°  5 25 5
1 5
∴ ∠OAB = 25° (1) ∴ cos θ = = (1½)
sec θ 13
24. We have, tan θ + cot θ = 2 Now, sin θ = 1 − cos 2 θ
⇒ (tan θ + cot θ ) = 42
[squaring both sides] (1) 2
 5 144 12
⇒ tan θ + cot θ + 2 tan θ cot θ = 4
2 2 ⇒ sinθ = 1 −   = =
 13 169 13
⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ + 2 = 4 12 25
1+
 1  1 + sin θ 13 = 13 = 25
Q cot A = tan A ∴ tan Acot A = 1 Thus, =
1 − sin θ 1 − 12 1
(1½)

⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ = 2 (1) 13 13

27. Let 5 − 2 3 be a rational number.
Or
p
3 Then, 5 − 2 3 = ,
We have, cosθ = q
5
where p and q are coprime integers and q ≠ 0.
∴ sin θ = 1 − cos 2 θ p 5 p
∴ 5− =2 3 ⇒ − = 3
2 q 2 2q
 3 9 4
= 1−   = 1− = (1) p
 5 25 5 Here, is also a rational number. (1½)
2q
cos θ
Now, cot θ =
sin θ ∴
5 p
− is also a rational number.
3/ 5 3 2 2q
⇒ cot θ = =
4/ 5 4 ⇒ 3 is a rational number.
1 5 But this contradict the fact that 3 is an irrational number.
and cosec θ = ⇒ cosec θ =
sin θ 4 Hence, our assumption that (5 − 2 3 ) is a rational
3 5 8 number, is not correct.
∴ cotθ + cosec θ = + = = 2 (1)
4 4 4 ∴ (5 − 2 3 ) is an irrational number. Hence proved.
(1½)
 Or ⇒ a + (10 − 1)d = 52 and, a + (16 − 1)d = 82
Given, numbers are 180, 252 and 324. ⇒ a + 9d = 52 …(i)
Also, HCF (180, 252 and 324) = 36 and a + 15d = 82 …(ii) (1)
Now, HCF (180, 252) = 36 , On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
HCF (252, 324) = 36 −6d = − 30 ⇒ d = 5
and HCF (324, 180) = 36 On putting d = 5 in Eq. (i), we get
We know that a + 45 = 52 ⇒ a = 7
a × b × c × HCF(a, b, c ) ∴ a32 = a + (32 − 1)d = 7 + 31 × 5 = 162
LCM (a, b, c ) =
HCF(a, b) × HCF( b, c ) × HCF(c , a) (1) and an = a + (n − 1)d = 7 + (n − 1) × 5 = 5n + 2
∴ LCM (180, 252 and 324) Hence, a32 = 162 and an = 5n + 2 (2)
180 × 252 × 324 × 36 31. Let x be the digit at unit place and y be the digit at ten’s
=
36 × 36 × 36 place of the two-digit number.
= 5 × 7 × 324 = 11340 (2) Then, two-digit number = 10 y + x
According to the question,
28. We have,
AP 1 y = 3x …(i)
=
AB 3 and (10 y + x ) − 36 = 10 x + y
AP 1 ⇒ 9 y − 9x = 36
⇒ =
AP + PB 3 ⇒ y−x=4 …(ii) (1½)
⇒ 3AP = AP + BP On putting y = 3x in Eq. (ii), we get
⇒ 2 AP = BP 3x − x = 4 ⇒ 2 x = 4 ⇒ x = 2
AP 1
⇒ = Putting the value of x in Eq. (i), we get
BP 2 (1)
y = 3×2 ⇒ y = 6
So, P divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2. ∴ Required number = 10 y + x = 10 × 6 + 2 = 62 (1½)
1 2
Or
A (2,1) P B (5,–8) Given, PA and PB are two tangents drawn from a point P,
(1)
 1 × 5 + 2 × 2 1 × (−8) + 2 × 1 such that ∠APB = 70 °.
∴ Coordinates of P =  , 
 1+ 2 1+ 2 
B
= (3, − 2 )
70°
Since, P(3, − 2 ) lies on the line 2 x − y + k = 0
∴ 2 × 3 − (− 2 ) + k = 0 ⇒ 6 + 2 + k = 0 ⇒ k = − 8 (1) O P

29. We have,
4x 2 − 2(a2 + b2 )x + a2 b2 = 0 A
On comparing with standard form of quadratic
Joint OA and OB,
equation i.e. Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0, we get
Clearly, OA ⊥ PA and OB ⊥ PB
A = 4, B = −2 (a2 + b2 ) and C = a2 b2
[Q radius of a circle is perpendicular to the
Here, AC = 4a2 b2 , so factors are 2 a2 and 2 b2 . tangent at the point of contact]
∴ 4x 2 − (2 a2 + 2 b2 )x + a2 b2 = 0 (1) ∴ ∠OAP = 90 ° and ∠OBP = 90 °
⇒ 4x − 2 a x − 2 b x + a b = 0
2 2 2 2 2
Now, in quadrilateral OAPB,
⇒ (4x 2 − 2 a2 x ) − (2 b2 x − a2 b2 ) = 0 ∠OAP + ∠APB + ∠OBP + ∠AOB = 360 °
⇒ 2 x(2 x − a2 ) − b2 (2 x − a2 ) = 0 [Q sum of all interior angles in a quadrilateral is 360°]
⇒ (2 x − a2 )(2 x − b2 ) = 0 ⇒ 90 ° + 70 ° + 90 ° + ∠AOB = 360 °
⇒ (2 x − a ) = 0 or, (2 x − b2 ) = 0
2 ⇒ ∠AOB = 360 ° − 250 °
a2 b2 ⇒ ∠AOB = 110 ° (2)
⇒ x= or x = (2)
2 2 Since, tangents drawn to a circle from an external point
subtend equal angles at the centre.
30. Let a be the first term and d be the common difference
of the given AP. ∴ ∠POA = ∠POB
Let the AP be a1, a2 , a3 ,…, an , … 1 1
⇒ ∠POA = ∠AOB = × 110 ° = 55°
It is given that a10 = 52 and a16 = 82 2 2 (1)
32. Let BC be the tower and CD be the pole. Proof
D (i) In ∆APC and ∆DPB,
∠ APC = ∠ DPB [vertically opposite angles]
and ∠ CAP = ∠ BDP [angles in the same segment]
5m
∴ ∆APC ∼ ∆DPB [by AA similarity criterion] (2½)
(ii) We have, ∆APC ∼ ∆DPB [proved in part (i)]
C AP CP
45° ∴ =
DP BP
[since, corresponding sides of two
xm similar triangles are proportional]
⇒ AP ⋅ BP = CP ⋅ DP
or AP ⋅ PB = CP ⋅ DP Hence proved. (2½)
60°
45°
Or
B ym A
Given A quadrilateral ABCD whose diagonals AC and
Given, DC = 5 m DE CE
BD intersect at E such that =
Let BC = x m and AB = y m. EB EA
In right angled ∆ABC, we have To prove Quadrilateral ABCD is a trapezium. For this it
BC is sufficient to prove that AB || DC
tan 45° =
AB Construction Draw EF || BA, meeting AD at F.
x D C
⇒ 1= [Q tan 45° = 1]
y
⇒ y=x ... (i) (2)
F E
In right angled ∆ABD, we have
BD
tan 60° =
AB
x+5
⇒ 3= [Q tan 60 ° = 3 ] A B (1)
y
Proof In ∆ABD, we have
⇒ 3y = x + 5 EF || BA
⇒ 3x = x + 5 [from Eq. (i)] DF DE
⇒ = [by Thale’s Theorem] …(i)
⇒ 3x − x = 5 (1) FA EB
5 DE CE
⇒ ( 3 − 1)x = 5 ⇒ x = But = [given] …(ii) (1½)
3 −1 EB EA
5 3+1 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
⇒ x= × DF CE
3 −1 3+1 =
FA EA
5( 3 + 1) Thus, in ∆DCA, E and F are points on CA and DA
⇒ x=
3−1 respectively such that
5(1.732 + 1) DF CE
⇒ x= = (1)
2 FA EA
5(2 .732 )
⇒ x= Therefore, by the converse of basic proportionality
2 theorem, we have
⇒ x = 5 × 1. 366 = 6. 83 FE || DC
Hence, the height of the tower is 6.83 m (2) But FE || BA [by construction]
33. Given In figure, two chords AB and CD intersect each ∴ DC || BA
other at point P. ⇒ AB || DC
To prove (i) ∆APC ∼ ∆DPB (ii) AP ⋅ PB = CP ⋅ DP Hence, ABCD, is a trapezium. Hence proved.(1½)
34. Let the line BD intersects the bigger circle at E. According to the question, sum of areas of two squares
Now, join AE. = 468m 2
Let O be the centre of the bigger circle, then O is ∴ x 2 + y 2 = 468 …(i)
the mid-point of AB. and difference of their perimeters = 24 m
[Q AB is a diameter of the bigger circle] ∴ 4x − 4 y = 24 ⇒ x − y = 6 [on dividing by 4]
⇒ y = x−6 …(ii) (1)
A Put the value of y in Eq. (i), we get
O
x 2 + (x − 6)2 = 468
B E ⇒ x + x − 12 x + 36 − 468 = 0
2 2
D

(2) [Q (a − b)2 = a2 − 2 ab + b2 ]
BD is a tangent to the smaller circle and OD is a radius ⇒ 2 x − 12 x − 432 = 0
2

through the point of contact D. Then, ⇒ x 2 − 6x − 216 = 0 [on dividing by 2]

OD ⊥ BD ⇒ x − (18x − 12 x ) − 216 = 0
2
⇒ OD ⊥ BE
[using factorisation method]
Since, OD is perpendicular to a chord BE of a bigger
circle. ⇒ x − 18x + 12 x − 216 = 0
2

∴ BD = DE ⇒ x (x − 18) + 12 (x − 18) = 0
[Q perpendicular draw from the centre to a chord ⇒ (x − 18) (x + 12 ) = 0 (1½)
bisects the chord]
If x − 18 = 0, then x = 18
⇒ D is the mid-point of BE.
∴ In ∆BAE, O is the mid-point of AB and D is the and if x + 12 = 0, then x = − 12
mid-point of BE. (1) Here, x ≠ −12, because side cannot be negative.
1 ∴ x = 18
∴ OD = AE
2 ∴ Side of first square = x m = 18 m
[Q segment joining the mid-points of any two sides of a and side of second square = y m = (18 − 6) = 12 m
triangle is half of the third side]
[from Eq. (ii)] (1½)
⇒ AE = 2(OD )
= 2 × 8 cm Or
34
= 16 cm We have, (x − 3)(x − 4) =
In right angled ∆OBD, use Pythagoras theorem, 332
34
OD 2 + BD 2 = OB 2 ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 12 − =0
332
⇒ BD = OB 2 − OD 2 13034
⇒ x 2 − 7x + =0
= (13) − 8
2 2
332
= 169 − 64 ⇒ x 2 − 7x +
98 133
× =0
= 105 33 33
∴ DE = BD = 105 231 98 133
⇒ x2 − x+ × =0 (2)
In right angled ∆AED, use Pythagoras theorem, we have 33 33 33
AD = AE 2 + DE 2  98 133 98 133
⇒ x2 −  + x + × =0
 33 33  33 33
= (16) + ( 105 )
2 2

= 256 + 105 98 133 98 133

⇒ x2 −
x− x+ × =0
33 33 33 33
= 361 = 19 cm (2)
 98   133 98 133
35. Let the sides of both squares be x m and y m. ⇒ x2 − x −  x− ×  =0
 33   33 33 33  (1)
Then, area of first square = x 2 m 2  98 133  98
⇒ x x −  − x −  = 0
[Q area of square = (side) 2 ]  33 33  33
Area of second square = y 2 m 2  98  133
⇒ x −  x −  =0
and perimeter of first square = 4x m  33  33 
[Q perimeter of square = 4 × side] (1) 98 133
⇒ x= or x = (2)
Perimeter of second square = 4y m 33 33
36. (i) As, we know that hemisphere is a type of solid in N 
 − cf 
which radius is the height. So, radius = 21m 2 
Now, median weekly consumption = l + ×h
2 2 22 f
∴Required volume = πr 3 = × × 21 × 21 × 21 40 − 35 5
3 3 7 = 40 + × 10 = 40 + = 41.25 units
= 19404 m 3 40 4
(ii) Volume of cuboidal shape = lbh = 8 × 6 × 4 = 192 m 3 Or
(iii) Here, radius of hemispherical dome (r ) = 14 m Here, maximum frequency is 40 and class
Surface area of dome = 2 πr 2 corresponding to this frequency is 40-50.
22 So, modal class is 40-50.
=2× × 14 × 14 = 1232 m 2
7 Weekly
and CSA of cuboidal shaped top = 2 × h(l + b) + lb consumption 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
(in units)
= 2 × 4(8 + 6) + 8 × 6
Number of
= 8(14) + 48 0 5 10 20 (f0 ) 40(f1 ) 5(f2 )
families
= 112 + 48 = 160 m 2 ∴ l = 40, f1 = 40, f0 = 20, f2 = 5 and h = 10
∴Total surface area = 1232 + 160 = 1392 m 2 Now, modal weekly consumption
Or  f −f   40 − 20 
= l +  1 0  × h = 40 +   × 10
Given, radius (r ) = 14 m  2 f1 − f0 − f2   80 − 20 − 5
Curved surface area of hemisphere dome = 2 πr 2 20
22 = 40 + × 10 = 40 + 3.6 = 43.6 units
=2× × 14 × 14 = 1232 m 2 55
7 (i) Parabola
38.
∴ Cost of cloth required = ` 80 ×1232 = ` 98560
(ii) Since, the graph intersects the X-axis at −2 and 7, so
37. (i) the zeroes of the given polynomial are −2 and 7.
Class x f fx
(iii) (a) Let p(x ) = x 2 − 5x − 5
0-10 5 16 80
p(−2 ) = (−2 )2 − 5(−2 ) − 5
10-20 15 12 180
20-30 25 18 450 = 4 + 10 − 5 = 14 − 5 = 9 ≠ 0
30-40 35 6 210 So, −2 is not the zero of p(x ).
40-50 45 4 180 (b) Let p(x ) = x 2 + 5x − 6
50-60 55 0 0 p(−2 ) = (−2 )2 + 5(−2 ) − 6
Total Σ f = 56 Σ fx = 1100 = 4 − 10 − 6 = 4 − 16 = −12 ≠ 0
Σ f x 1100 So, −2 is not the zero of p(x ).
∴Mean = = = 19.64 units
Σf 56 (c) Let p(x ) = x 2 + 6x − 5
p(−2 ) = (−2 )2 + 6(−2 ) − 5
(ii) Here, maximum frequency is 18 and the class
corresponding to this frequency is 20-30. = 4 − 12 − 5 = 4 − 17 = −13 ≠ 0
So, −2 is not the zero of p(x ).
So, modal class is 20-30.
(d) Let p(x ) = x 2 + 5x + 6
(iii)
Weekly Number of Cumulative p(−2 ) = (−2 )2 + 5(−2 ) + 6
consumption families (f ) frequency (cf ) = 4 − 10 + 6 = 10 − 10 = 0
0-10 0 0 So, −2 is the zero of p(x ).
10-20 5 5 Now, p(−3) = (−3)2 + 5(−3) + 6
20-30 10 15 = 9 − 15 + 6 = 15 − 15 = 0
30-40 20 35 (cf ) So, −3 is the zero of p(x ).
40-50 40 (f ) 75
Hence, polynomial p(x ) = x 2 + 5x + 6 has −2 and −3
50-60 5 80 as its zeroes.
Total N = 80
Or
Here, N = 80 Given, f (x ) = (x − 3)2 + 9
N 80 According to the question,
∴ = = 40
2 2 f (x ) = 8 ⇒ (x − 3)2 + 9 = 8 ⇒ (x − 3)2 = −1
Since, cumulative frequency just greater than 35 is 75 1 1 6−1 5
⇒ x − 3 = − ⇒ x = 3− = =
and the corresponding class interval is 40-50. 2 2 2 2
∴ Median class = 40-50 5
So, for x = , f (x ) = 8
∴ l = 40, cf = 35, h = 10 and f = 40 2