BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 1 OF 21

BELEMA EXPORT PIPELINE AND OFFLOADING

PLATFORM PROJECT

Rev. Status Rev. Date Description Issued by Checked by Approved by

2 IFA 28-Dec-2017 Issued for Approval SI AFO TW

1 IFR 21-Sept-2017 Issued for Review SI AFO TW

00 IDC 01-June-2017 Issued for Interdiscipline Check SI AFO TW

This document has been generated by an Electronic Document System. When printed it is considered asfor information only copy. The” controlled copy” is the
screen version and it is the holder’s responsibility that he/she holds the latest valid version.

“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 2 OF 21

REVISION DESCRIPTION

Rev. index Revision Description

00

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 3 OF 21

CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 5

1.1 Project Description............................................................................................................... 5

1.2 Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Responsibilities .................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Performance, Control, Co-ordination and Approval of NDT ........................................ 6
1.3.2 Materials, Labour and Equipment for NDT .................................................................. 7
1.4 Definitions and Abbreviations .............................................................................................. 7

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................. 9

2.1 Codes and Standards .......................................................................................................... 9

3.0 NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) OF WELDS AND MATERIALS ............................. 10

3.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 10

3.2 Radiography ...................................................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Film Type .................................................................................................................... 10
3.2.2 Penetrameters ............................................................................................................ 11
3.2.3 Illuminators ................................................................................................................. 11
3.2.4 Qualification of Procedure .......................................................................................... 11
3.2.5 Production Radiography ............................................................................................. 12
3.2.6 Reports and Records ................................................................................................. 14
3.2.7 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................... 14
3.2.8 Disposition of Radiographs ........................................................................................ 14
3.3 Magnetic Particle Inspection.............................................................................................. 14
3.3.1 Surface Preparation ................................................................................................... 15
3.3.2 Inspection Medium ..................................................................................................... 15
3.3.3 Magnetization ............................................................................................................. 15
3.3.4 Inspection Procedure ................................................................................................. 15
3.3.5 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................... 16
3.4 Dye Penetrant Testing ....................................................................................................... 16

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 4 OF 21

3.4.1 Surface Preparation ................................................................................................... 16

3.4.2 Penetrant Application ................................................................................................. 16
3.4.3 Examination ................................................................................................................ 17
3.4.4 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................... 17
3.5 Ultrasonic Testing .............................................................................................................. 18
3.5.1 Specification for Ultrasonic Testing Procedure qualification ...................................... 18
3.5.2 Test Procedure ........................................................................................................... 18
3.5.3 Ultrasonic instrument/Calibration ............................................................................... 18
3.5.4 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................... 18
3.6 Repair and Removal of Defective Welds........................................................................... 19
3.6.1 Defects Other Than Cracks ........................................................................................ 19
3.6.1.1 Authorisation for repair........................................................................................ 19
3.6.2 Removal of defects and repair ................................................................................... 19
3.6.2.1 General................................................................................................................... 19
3.6.2.2 Repair procedure for sub-surface and root defects other than cracks .......... 20
3.6.2.3 Weld size adjustments ......................................................................................... 20
3.6.3 Testing of repairs ........................................................................................................ 20
3.7 Authorisation and Procedure for Repair of Cracks ............................................................ 20

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 5 OF 21

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
Belemaoil Producing Limited (BPL) is a world class indigenous independent exploration

and production (E&P) company operating in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria with a host

of strong partners across the globe. Belemaoil Producing Limited (BPL) is the operator of

the Oil Mining Lease OML 55, in the east of the country’s Niger Delta Basin.

OML 55 covers an area of approximately 840km² and is located in the swamp to shallow

water offshore areas in the south eastern Niger Delta. The block contains five producing

fields (Robertkiri, Inda, Belema North, Idama and Jokka). The majority of production on

the block is from the Robertkiri, Idama and Inda fields. The Robertkiri field is located in the

swamp at a water depth of five meters and has a production platform and utility platform

installed. Production capacity at the Robertkiri facilities is 20,000 bpd and 10 MMscfd.

Production facilities at the Idama field comprise a jack-up mobile offshore production unit

(‘MOPU’) and riser platform that have a capacity of 30,000 bpd of total fluids and 34

MMscfd. The Jokka field is produced through a manifold tied-back to the Idama facilities.

Production facilities at the Inda field comprise a MOPU with a capacity of 30,000 bpd of

total liquids and 34 MMscfd.

Overall, the infrastructure on OML 55 comprises three flow stations, a network of flowlines,

and two eight-inch pipelines that connect to the third party operated infrastructure.

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 6 OF 21

1.2 Objectives
This specification covers the minimum requirements for non-destructive testing of welds
and metallic materials in company installations of pipelines for the Belema Export Pipeline
and Offloading Platform Project.
Radiographic, ultrasonic, magnetic particle and dye-penetrant methods of non-destructive
testing are included within the scope of this specification.

1.3 Responsibilities

1.3.1 Performance, Control, Co-ordination and Approval of NDT

The Contract documents shall establish the responsibility under the Contract for the
performance of non-destructive testing and for the control, co-ordination and approval of
non-destructive testing hereinafter described.
The performance of NDT as well as the control, co-ordination and approval of NDT shall
be in accordance ISO 13847

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 7 OF 21

1.3.2 Materials, Labour and Equipment for NDT

All materials and equipment to be used for non-destructive testing shall be of a suitable
type, in good working order and shall be maintained and calibrated so as to preserve
operating efficiency throughout the course of the work.
The responsibility for the provision of all materials, labour and equipment for the
performance of non-destructive testing shall be:-

a) For performance by the Contractor: The Contractor shall supply all materials, labour
and equipment necessary for the execution of non-destructive testing and the
production of test results for issue to the Inspection Agency.

b) For performance by the Inspection Agency: The Inspection Agency shall supply all
materials, labour and equipment necessary for the execution of non-destructive
testing and the production of test results. Additionally the Inspection Agency shall
supply all materials, labour and equipment necessary for the interpretation,
acceptance, recording and storage of the test results.
The Contractor shall, in any event, be responsible for the provision of adequate
scaffolding, access and other facilities necessary for the safe and efficient performance of
the non-destructive testing.
Regardless of the delegation of responsibilities with respect to materials, labour and
equipment the Inspection Agency shall have the right at all times to carry out spot checks
on non-destructive testing techniques, materials, equipment and personnel to verify
compliance with this specification and with the contract documents.
The Inspection Agency shall also have the right to interpretation of all test results and the
right to reject the corresponding welds or construction materials without the Contractor
being thereby relieved in any way from his responsibility for satisfactory welding and
inspection.

1.4 Definitions and Abbreviations

Client Throughout this specification and attached documents the term

Client or Purchaser means “Final Client”.

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 8 OF 21

Client Representative Client Representative means any authority or person appointed

in writing by the final Client.

EPC Contractor Is the main contractor for EPC activities

Sub – Contractor Is the party who performs the works at site (if different from
EPC Contractor.

Supplier Is the party who produces /or supplies the materials and
equipment to perform the duties as specified by the Client

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

AUT Automated Ultrasonic Testing

NDE Nondestructive examination

GMAW Gas metal arc welding

WPS Welding Procedure Specification

NDT Non-Destructive Testing

ISO International Organization for Standardization

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 9 OF 21

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 Codes and Standards
BS 2910: Methods for Radiographic Examination of Fusion Welded
Circumferential Butt Joints in Steel Pipes.

BS-3971: Specification for Image Quality Indicators for Industrial Radiography

including Guidance on their use.

DIN 54109: Non-Destructive Testing (Image Quality Indicators

BS 6072 - Method for Magnetic Particle Flaw Detection.

BS 4416 Method for Penetrant Testing of Welded or Brazed Joints in Metals

BS 3923 Methods for Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (Part I. Manual Examination

of Fusion Welded Butt Joints in Ferritic Steels)(Part 2, Manual
Examination of Nozz1e Welds)

BS 4336 Methods for Non Destructive Testing of Plate Materials, Part 1 -

Ultrasonic Detection of Laminar Imperfections in Ferrous Wrought
Plate.

ASME V - Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - Non-destructive Examination -

Article 7 and SE-138: (Wet Magnetic Particle Inspection).

ISO 17636 Non-destructive testing of welds: Radiographic testing of fusion Joints

ISO 1106-3:1984, Recommended practice for radiographic examination of fusion welded

joints — Part 3: Fusion welded circumferential joints in steel pipes of
up to 50 mm wall thickness.

ISO 13847:2000 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation systems
– Welding of pipelines

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 10 OF 21

3.0 NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) OF WELDS AND MATERIALS

3.1 General
All complete weld and procedure qualification test welds shall first be subjected to non-
destructive tests by visual and radiographic methods and, at the discretion of the
Company representative, by ultrasonic and magnetic particle inspection methods.
Radiography of the welding procedure tests welds shall be carried out by the Contractor
and the developed films shall be submitted to the company representative for his
inspection, interpretation and approval.
The Contractor shall implement a Quality Control Programme that meets the requirements
of ISO – 9001.
Material receiving and identification procedures shall be submitted to BPL or his
Representative for review and approval prior to mobilization.
All equipment and materials supplied under the job specifications shall be new, of proven
design and in accordance with sound engineering, fabrication and construction practices.
Prototypes, new designs or extensive modification of standard designs are unacceptable.
External X-ray equipment shall be used to radiograph pipeline production welds of pipe.
External radiography may be used subject to approval by BPL

3.2 Radiography
All pipeline/piping weld radiographs shall be inspected in accordance with ISO 13847, ISO
1106-3. The Contractor shall be responsible for securing all necessary operational permits
needed to comply with the requirements of governing authorities related to the
performance of radiographic services.
In the event X-ray equipment is used, the Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that
there is sufficient regulated electrical power and adequate space to accommodate the use
of such equipment.
Gamma radiography may be substituted for X-radiography only with the agreement of the
Principal. For critical pipelines and non-critical pipelines, gamma radiography shall be
supplemented by manual ultrasonic examination.

3.2.1 Film Type

All film shall be fresh stock. Only Kodak or a BPL-approved alternate Class II fine grain

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 11 OF 21

and high contrast film shall be used for X-ray radiography. Class I extra fine grain and
high contrast film shall be used for gamma-radiography. The film shall be generally Type I
or 2 as described in ASME Section V; Article 22; SE-94, or as listed under BS 2910 for the
appropriate technique number.

3.2.2 Penetrameters
Wire type penetrameters shall be used and shall be in accordance with ISO 17636 Class
B and Section 8.5.3 Table 6 of ISO 13847.

3.2.3 Illuminators
Only viewing illuminators that can produce light intensity (110 volt-high intensity) sufficient
to provide the following result shall be used. All portions of the radiography of the weld
and base metal shall transmit sufficient light to reveal the pertinent details of the
radiographs having H&D densities up to 4.0.
Such equipment shall also be equipped with a variable intensity regulator.

3.2.4 Qualification of Procedure

Prior to the start of radiography, the contractor shall develop detailed radiographic
procedures and submit them for BPL approval. Such procedures shall be in accordance
with ISO 13847.

 Screens -.Front and back intensifying fluorometallic screens with a maximum

thickness of 0.02 mm may be used by agreement. Lead screens shall be used for
welds in off-site fabrication.

 Quality Indicators - Three radiographs shall be made of the first production weld to
establish the quality level for all production radiographs. BPL acceptance of these
radiographs shall result in qualification of the procedure. Should any variables in
the procedure specification change, the radiographic procedure shall be re-
qualified.
For procedure qualification, image quality indicators (IQI) shall be placed on both the
source side and the film side of the welds. IQI sensibility shall be as follows, based on wire
penetrameters:
During radiographic procedure qualification, wire-type IQIs shall be placed both on the

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 12 OF 21

source side and on the film side. Only one IQI is required for each radiograph for short film
lengths where the distance between IQIs would be less than 100 mm.
IQIs shall be wire type. IQI sensitivities for source-side penetrameters shall, for both
single-side and double-side techniques, be in accordance with ISO 1106-3 Class B and
Table 6 of ISO 13847.
At least two radiographs shall be taken during the procedure qualification.
All relevant data on the qualification tests, including results, shall be documented.
Radiographs from the procedure qualification shall be kept available on site for reference
throughout the period of

 Defects Reports - The defects noted from the radiographs shall be recorded on
daily report forms, identical to the forms to be used during the production
inspections. Three copies of this report, together with the copies of the test
radiographs, plus three copies of the radiographic procedure shall be submitted to
BPL for review and approval.

3.2.5 Production Radiography

Production radiography shall be in accordance with the approved radiographic procedure.
Facilities and viewing conditions shall be in accordance with ISO 2504 and ISO 13847.

 Qualifications of Radiographers - NDE personnel shall hold a valid qualification to

EN 473 or ISO 9712 for the relevant technique (or to an equivalent standard
approved by the Principal)

 Only personnel qualified to Level 2 or Level 3 shall interpret the test results. A Level
3 qualified inspector shall be available to give supervision and assist in the
interpretation of ambiguous indications.

 If, in the opinion of the Principal, welding examination or NDE personnel fail to
perform to a satisfactory standard, they shall be disqualified from the works until
such time that it can be demonstrated by the Contractor that they have achieved a
satisfactory standard by undertaking a test by a third party agency approved by the
Principal.

“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 13 OF 21

 The procedure for qualification of AUT personnel shall be agreed with the Principal.

 Film Orientation/Identification - For pipe welded in the fixed horizontal position, the
zero datum shall be the top of the pipe. The orientation of the film shall be defined
and be the same for all films.

As a minimum, the film identification shall include the following:

Client:
Project Number:
Weld Number/Joint Number:
Date:
Radiography Position:
All interpretations of radiographs shall be made in accordance with ISO 13847
governing acceptability of welds.

 Safety Precautions and Protection - it shall ensure that all work is carried out in
accordance with the relevant health and safety regulations.
The area exposed to radiation shall be posted.
The radiographer shall be responsible for the protection and monitoring of all personnel
working near x-ray or gamma-radiation equipment.
An adequate supply of nrc (nuclear regulatory commission) approved "danger" or "caution"
signs shall be displayed during any radiographic work on the pipeline.
Adequate measures shall also be put in place to protect the general public and the
construction contractor's personnel from harm.

 Film Processing - Film shall be exposed so that the average H&D density shall not
be less than 2.0 and the density through the thickest part of the sound weld metal
shall not be less than 1.5.
Radiographs shall be free from all defects caused by bending, dirt, faulty screens, static
marks, light leakage and handling. Any film containing defects interfering with the
interpretation of the radiograph shall be discarded and the weld shall be re-radiographed.
Radiographs shall be processed in accordance with ISO standards to allow storage of film
without discoloration for at least three years. The processing chemical shall be changed
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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 14 OF 21

regularly and care shall be exercised during processing to prevent scratches on the film.

3.2.6 Reports and Records

A report of the weld interpretation for each shift, along with recommendations, shall be
furnished in duplicate for BPL's signature. The signature will acknowledge BPL's
acceptance of interpretations of the welds. The format of the shift report shall be provided
to BPL for approval prior to mobilization.
The processed film shall be stored in boxes in a manner that facilitates shipment at BPL's
convenience.
All radiographic film and the original shift reports prepared by the contractor shall remain
the property of BPL

3.2.7 Acceptance Criteria

Acceptability for non-destructive inspection shall be in accordance with Section 9 of ISO
13847
In cases of disputed interpretation of weld acceptability, the decision of BPL shall be final
and the disputed weld shall be repaired or cut out as directed by BPL.

3.2.8 Disposition of Radiographs

After drying and interpretation, radiographs shall be fastened together and placed in
envelopes or boxes in numerical order.
Each envelope shall be clearly labelled with the number and pipe descriptions of the
welds, the date and a copy of the covering report number.
Boxes containing numerous envelopes shall have a label on the outside that lists the
same information as that required on the envelopes.
The label shall include the corresponding pipe numbers and descriptions to enable cross
referencing of survey station locations for the section of the pipeline covered by the
radiography.

3.3 Magnetic Particle Inspection

Magnetic particle inspection (MPI) methods shall be employed where necessary especially
on welded surfaces and sub surfaces on ferrous welds.
Procedures for MPI shall be in accordance with the latest editions of the referenced
standards and specifications.
“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 15 OF 21

Careful attention shall be given to the possibilities of sparking from the source of
magnetisation, particularly when the technique is being used in potentially hazardous
areas.
All equipment shall be maintained in good working order and adequately rated for the work
required.

3.3.1 Surface Preparation

Surfaces to be inspected shall be clean and free from oil, grease, sand, loose rust or loose
scale which may interfere with satisfactory testing. For certain applications, inspection
may be satisfactorily accomplished without the need for surface dressing.
Surface grinding or machining will be required, however, where surface irregularities may
possibly affect the detection of defects. Surface preparation shall extend at least 30mm
past the areas to be inspected.

3.3.2 Inspection Medium

Wet methods only shall be used. Either water-based fluorescent inks to be viewed with
ultraviolet I light, or black, paraffin-based ink on white background paint may be used.
The details of the magnetic materials concentration and the variation of other necessary
parameters shall be in accordance with ISO 13847 with reference to ASME Section V,
article 7.

3.3.3 Magnetization
Unless otherwise directed by BPL or its representative, the procedure for magnetization
shall be in accordance with ISO 13847.

3.3.4 Inspection Procedure

Magnetic particle inspection shall be performed in accordance with a Company approved
written procedure, which shall include the following essential information:
(a) quality and dimensions of material to be examined;
(b) welding process;
(c) type of magnetization;
(d) type of equipment;
(e) surface preparation;
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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 16 OF 21

(f) wet or dry examination;

(g) make and type of magnetic particle and contrast paint;
(h) method for determining the magnetic field strength in the material;
(i) method of demagnetization (if required);
(j) description of method of examination.
The Examination method to be employed shall be in accordance with section 8.7 of the
ISO 13847.

3.3.5 Acceptance Criteria

Relevant indications shall be unacceptable when any of the following conditions exist:

a. Linear indications are evaluated as cracks, including crater cracks or star cracks.

b. Linear indications are evaluated as incomplete fusion (IF).

Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteria of ISO 13847 as
applicable. The maximum dimension of a rounded indication shall be considered as its
size for evaluation purposes.
When doubt exists about the type of discontinuity disclosed by an indication, other non-
destructive testing methods shall be used for verification.

3.4 Dye Penetrant Testing

Procedures for dye penetrant testing shall be generally in accordance with the latest
edition of the referenced Standards and Specifications.
Penetrant shall be of the colour contrast, solvent-removable type and shall be positively
specified as being chemically suitable for use on the particular material under test.
Manufacturers recommended temperature limits shall be adequate for local conditions.

3.4.1 Surface Preparation

Surface preparation shall be generally as in section 3.3.1 above. After the cleaning
process the test surfaces shall be allowed to dry out completely prior to application of the
penetrant. Surface preparation shall be to the approval of the Company Representative
and the use of any techniques which may obscure surface defects shall not be permitted.

3.4.2 Penetrant Application

Penetrant shall be applied by the use of aerosol sprays in accordance with the spray

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 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 17 OF 21

manufacturer’s instructions. Since penetration time is critical to the success of the testing,
a time shall be established in the procedures which will give satisfactory results for the
prevailing surface temperature of the test piece.
For surface temperatures outside the recommended usage range of the penetrant, a new
procedure shall be qualified (Ref. to section T-660 in ASME V).
After the penetration time specified in the procedure has elapsed, excess penetrant,
insofar as possible, shall be removed by wiping with a cloth or absorbent paper, repeating
the operation until most traces of penetrant have been removed. The remaining traces
shall be removed by wiping the surface lightly with cloth or absorbent paper moistened
with solvent. To minimize removal of penetrant from discontinuities, care shall be taken to
avoid the use of excess solvent. Flushing the surface with solvent, prior to developing is
prohibited.

3.4.3 Examination
The type and size of any discontinuity may be difficult to evaluate if the penetrant diffuses
excessively into the developer. Consequently, it is good practice to observe the surface
during the application of the developer to detect the nature of any indications, which tend
to bleed out profusely.
Final interpretation shall be made after allowing the penetrant to bleed out for up to 30
minutes. If bleed-out does not alter the examination results, longer periods are permitted.
If the surface to be examined is so large as to preclude complete examination within the
prescribed time, only portions of the surface shall be examined at any one time.

3.4.4 Acceptance Criteria

Relevant indications shall be unacceptable when any of the following conditions exist:

a. Linear indications are evaluated as cracks, including crater cracks or star cracks.

b. Linear indications are evaluated as incomplete fusion (IF).

Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteria of ISO 13847 as
applicable. The maximum dimension of a rounded indication shall be considered as its
size for evaluation purposes.
When doubt exists about the type of discontinuity disclosed by an indication, other non-
destructive testing methods shall be used for verification.
“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 18 OF 21

3.5 Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic testing may be employed as a single method of inspection or may be used in
conjunction with radiography or other forms of NDT
The procedures for ultrasonic testing and evaluation of test results shall be generally in
accordance with the latest edition of an applicable international standard as listed below
as modified or added to by the procedures listed herein.
Details of the proposed procedures shall be submitted to the Company Representative for
approval prior to starting the work.
The test equipment shall be of the Pulse echo type, capable of generating frequencies
over the range of 1MHZ to 6MHZ and suitable for ultrasonic thickness measurement and
flaw detection on all types of materials.

3.5.1 Specification for Ultrasonic Testing Procedure qualification

Ultrasonic examination may be used instead of radiographic examination if the wall
thickness is equal to or greater than 12 mm and with the approval of the Principal. The
method shall be selected such that the progress of the construction is not affected. For
pipeline girth welds, only mechanised ultrasonic techniques which provide a permanent
registration of the results of the examination ("hard-copy") shall be used.

3.5.2 Test Procedure

In addition to radiography, a limited ultrasonic examination shall be made in the case of
the use of mechanized or semi-automatic GMAW techniques. The minimum extent of
ultrasonic examination shall be 25 percent of the first 100 production welds of the same
type with 5 percent of similar welds selected at random thereafter.

3.5.3 Ultrasonic instrument/Calibration

When specifically required, the electronic apparatus shall contain a calibrated attenuator,
accurate over its range to ± 20 percent or + 2dB which will allow comparison of indications
beyond the viewable portion of the cathode ray tube (CRT) presentation of the instrument.
Examination procedures, standards of acceptabilities and analysis of results shall be in
accordance with ISO 13847 or as indicated in section 3.5.4 below.

3.5.4 Acceptance Criteria

All indications that produce a response greater than 20 percent of the reference level shall
“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 19 OF 21

be investigated to determine the location, shape, extent and type of reflectors and shall be
evaluated according to the following criteria:

a. All linear indications interpreted to be cracks are unacceptable.

b. Linear indications interpreted to be open to the surface are unacceptable.

c. Linear indications (other than cracks) interpreted to be buried within the weld are
unacceptable if they exceed 50 mm in length, or if they exceed 50 mm in total
length in a continuous 300 mm length of weld, or if they exceed 8 percent of the
weld length.

3.6 Repair and Removal of Defective Welds

3.6.1 Defects Other Than Cracks

3.6.1.1 Authorisation for repair

Welds containing defects outside the limits given in Section 6 may be repaired only if
approved by the Principal, and only one such repair may be made. A weld with
unacceptable defects may be repaired once only. If the repair is then not acceptable the
complete weld, including the heat affected zone, shall be removed.
All repairs shall meet the standards of acceptability given in Section 3 (acceptance
criterion) and shall be executed by qualified welders according to approved repair
procedures.

3.6.2 Removal of defects and repair

3.6.2.1 General
Before repairs are made, the defects necessitating the repair shall be entirely removed to
sound metal. All slag and scale shall then also be removed.
The removal of weld metal or portions of the base metal may be done by machining,
grinding, chipping, oxygen gouging or air carbon-arc gouging. When thermal gouging
methods are used the appropriate pre-heating (determined from the WPS) shall be
applied. Thermal gouging methods shall not be used for removal of the weld root. The
unacceptable portions of the weld shall be removed without substantial removal of the
base metal and in such a manner that the remaining weld metal or base metal is not
nicked or undercut. Where thermal gouging is used, the edges shall be dressed to remove
“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 20 OF 21

the hardened surface.

The repair weld grooves shall be free from scale and shall have acceptable contours.
They shall be visually and magnetic particle inspected prior to re-welding to ensure the
defect has been completely removed.
If planar defects in welds are to be repaired, every effort shall be made to prevent
propagation of the defect during its removal. During the final stages of removal, grinding
and not gouging shall be used. Magnetic particle inspection shall be carried out to check
for the complete removal of the defect.

3.6.2.2 Repair procedure for sub-surface and root defects other

than cracks
A repair procedure shall be formulated incorporating a pre-qualified repair welding
procedure in accordance with standard practice and submitted to client for approval.
In addition to welding details, the repair procedure shall include:
a. Method of examination of the defect area.
b. Method of defect removal.
c. Requirements for interpass NDT, where applicable.

3.6.2.3 Weld size adjustments

For overlap or excessive convexity, excess weld metal shall be removed by grinding or
machining.
Additional weld metal to compensate for any deficiency in size shall be deposited using
procedures as qualified for the original weld. The surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned
before depositing the additional weld metal.

3.6.3 Testing of repairs

Repaired areas shall be re-radiographed or inspected by the same means previously
used. The area of the adjacent weld, on both sides of the repair, shall also be re-inspected
in the same manner as the original production weld.

3.7 Authorisation and Procedure for Repair of Cracks

A weld containing shallow crater cracks or star cracks, which are located at the stopping
point of weld beads and which are the result of weld metal contraction during solidification,
may be repaired provided the length of the crater cracks does not exceed 4 mm. With the

“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.
 BelemaOil Producing Limited (BPL) DOCUMENT NUMBER:

Belema Export Pipeline And Offloading Platform Project

BPL-DD-SUM-PPL-SPE-002
Issued For
Revision:2 Status:
Approval
Document Type: System/Subsystem: Discipline: Revision Date:
SPE PPL 28-December-2017
Non Destructive Test Specification PAGE. 21 OF 21

exception of these shallow crater cracks, any weld containing cracks, regardless of size or
location, shall be removed.Procedure for repair,qualification,preparation and authorization
for repair shall be in accordance with Section 10 of ISO 13847

“This document is the property of BPL. It must not be reproduced or transmitted to others without written authorization from the Company”.