DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION

MANAGEMENT

Guide: Dr. TS Brar

Mentors: Dr. Purva Mujumdar, Ar. Prerana Hazarika

Coordinator: Ar. Prerana Hazarika

DISSERTATION IN ARCHITECTURE

2023-2024

Submitted by:

DEVENDER KUMAR SHARMA

234BARCH003/SAA/B.Arch./Session

SCHOOL OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE

SUSHANT UNIVERSITY

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………………………. i

List of Tables/Illustrations/Figures……………………………………………………………. ii

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………...…iii

Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1: What is Construction management ......................................................................... 2

1.2: Motive of this study ................................................................................................ 2
1.3: Aim ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4: Research Questions ............................................................................................... 3
1.5: Objectives ............................................................................................................... 3

1.6: Scope ...................................................................................................................... 3

1.7: Research Methodology .......................................................................................... 3

Chapter 2: Literature Review

2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 5

2.1.1 Construction management responsibility ........................................................ 6

2.2 Digital Technologies in CM ................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 BIM ................................................................................................................. 6
2.2.2 Construction Management Software ............................................................... 6
2.2.3 Project Management Software ......................................................................... 6

2.2.3 Internet of Things (IoT) ................................................................................... 6

Chapter 3: ................................................................................................................................... 1

Bibliography

Annexure

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 UNIVERSITY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

LIST OF TABLES/ FIGURES/ ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig. 1. Construction management responsibility. Source: Modern Construction Management by

Prof. Frank Harris, Prof. Ronald McCaffer, Andrew Baldwin, Francis Edum-Fotwe
Fig. 2. Elements of Digital Technologies
Fig. 3. Working flow of Cove.tool (11, 2023)

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

 ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this dissertation is to focus on the digital technologies that are
used in the construction management process and which are the software and tools used
in those digital technologies from planning to cost estimating and scheduling the
process

According to a survey conducted by the McKinsey Global Institute, the construction

industry is an important sector in terms of development. The construction industry
contributes 13% of GDP, which will increase to 15% in 2020. It provides 7% of job
opportunities to the world’s working population. (1)

The role of construction project management is to manage the construction process.

The factors that come under construction management are managing the project,
regulating the work among the workers, supervising the site and construction processes,
handling the risk and safety factors, quality checks of the construction site, time
management, and cost management.

The construction industry is shifting toward Digital Technologies and has started using
tools such as BIM, Construction management software, Project management software,
and all other digital equipment to improve workflow and reduce the issues faced by the
construction industry.

This dissertation is based on the literature study and the basis of this study all the
software will be explored and what uses in construction management will be identified

Keywords:

1. BIM (Building Information Modelling)

2. Construction management (CM)
3. Software
4. Management
5. Digital technologies (DT)

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Chapter 1: Introduction

This dissertation will explore the software-based digital technologies used in

construction management including a minimum 5 software which are used in these
technologies such as BIM software (Revit, Archicad, BIM360, Cove. tool, and Tekla),
Construction management software (Fieldwire, Building connected, Procore,
Coconstruct, and Final Cad), Project management software (Clickup, Basecamp, JIRA,
Trello and Monday.com). These fifteen software-based technologies will be explored
during the study.

1.1: What is Construction management

CM involves the effective planning, organizing, applying, coordinating, controlling,
monitoring, and reporting of the basic business processes of construction. CM helps the
owner of the project to deliver the project with proper management of time, cost, and
best quality (1, 2016) Construction management must handle the project effectively and
efficiently by putting the knowledge, skills, and procedures into the construction process.
(1, 2016)

1.2: Motive of this study

The Motive of this study is to focus on to what extent digital technologies are used in
construction management as construction management is a vast field and it carries the
project from the zero level to the deliverable level.

1.3: Aim
This dissertation aims to explore the application of digital technologies in construction
management, with a particular focus on the software and tools used for construction
management.

1.4: Research Question

Q1. What is the current adoption of BIM in the construction management process?

Q2. How do project management software and construction management software to

effectiveness and efficiency of the construction management process?

Q3. What the basic limitations and challenges are associated with the use of DT in CM?

Q4. What do all software-based technologies do and to what extent they are used in CM?

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

1.5: Objectives
To identify the adoption rates of digital technologies in construction management
processes, BIM, construction management software, IoT devices, and data analytics.

To provide a comprehensive overview of digital technologies currently used in

construction management.

To identify the limitations of DT in CM

To explore to what extent digital technologies are used in construction management

1.6: Scope
This dissertation will cover a range of digital technologies used in construction management but
not just limited to BIM, IOT, Drones, and other technologies. This study will also review the
various software that are commonly used in the construction management process such as Revit,
Procore, Twin Motion, and others. The limitations discussed will contain technical,
organizational, and human factors that affect the successful integration of these technologies.

1.7: Research Methodology

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

Chapter 2: Literature Review

2.1: Introduction
The construction sector has made a lot of progress in recent years and the reason for the
progress of the construction industry is the use of DT in this sector. These technologies
have completely changed old construction techniques, making project planning, design,
and implementation more efficient. This literature review is intended to be an in-depth
study of software used in construction management and its role in the field of
construction management.

2.1.1: Construction management responsibility

The responsibility of construction project management is to fulfill the needs of the

project owner as well as to look after the most effective ways to carry out the most
common process of construction application. Construction management has a special
role in the construction process because it must address the project as a whole,
including stakeholder challenges, geographical restrictions, and cultural considerations.
(3, 2023) In consideration of all these factors construction management has to look
after the various factors which are: (2, 2021)

project planning: this includes the management of the site evolution with the
consideration of objectives and deliverables and also includes the material that will be
used on the site.

Budgeting and cost control: the construction management analyzes the estimated cost
of the project, prepares the budget, and monitors the whole construction process

Resource management: requirements of the laborers, choosing the contractor and

subcontractor, and also the material and equipment required on the site come under the
construction management.

Risk management: The construction management has to consider the risk factors that
can arise on the site that can be related to the budget, use of equipment, safety factors,
etc. Construction management helps reduce risk factors and provides a safe working
environment.

Project coordination: The construction management coordinates the project and

becomes a common link between the stakeholders (company, architect, engineer,
contractor) and the client. This helps in the construction process's better flow and
reduces the error.

Quality assurance: Construction management is responsible for maintaining high-

quality standards throughout the construction process. Regular site inspection is
required, and the final quality approval is reviewed before delivering to the client.

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

Schedule management: Construction management creates and oversees project
schedules, making sure that all tasks are sequentially and strategically planned. To keep
the project on track and within the predetermined timetable, they keep an eye on
progress, spot any delays, and put plans into place.

Stakeholder management: CM is responsible for maintaining positive working

relationships with all project stakeholders, including clients, governmental bodies, local
communities, and other important parties. For project success, it addresses issues,
settles disputes, and maintains positive connections. (2, 2021)

Figure 1 Construction management responsibility

Source: Modern Construction Management by Prof. Frank Harris, Prof. Ronald McCaffer, Andrew
Baldwin, Francis Edum-Fotwe

2.2: Digital Technologies in Construction Management

DT was introduced in the construction sector back in the 20th century when in that age
the construction process used to take a long time and everything was manual at that time

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the first digital technology (Computer-Aided Design) CAD was introduced which made
life of architects and engineer very helpful by creating and modifying the design digitally
and replace the traditional method of drafting. This technology improved the design
accuracy, efficiency, and collaboration among project stakeholders. After the launch of
this technology, various new technologies were launched which helped the overall
construction industry and with the help of these technologies, the process of construction
management became much easier as it was all individual-based back then but with the
help of these technologies different stakeholders connected to the single project which
made it easy to keep the record and also reduces the chance of error and made the
construction process faster. (5, 2022)

The digital technology that has been seen so much in the field of construction
management is the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling), construction
management software, project management software, IoT (Internet of Things), Drones,
and AI cloud computing.

Figure 2 Elements of Digital Technologies

2.2.1: BIM

BIM is not just a program or any software although BIM consists of multiple software
and all the software is linked together which allows a seamless process that is based on
accuracy and consists of detailed project data from the conceptual stage to the design
completion and scheduling. BIM is used in many fields such as Architects, Civil
Engineers, MED, etc. (6, 2020)

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BIM helps the engineer, construction managers, and architects to get an idea of how the
project will perform after completion before even starting the construction so that
changes can be updated and chances of error are reduced. Basically, with the help of
BIM, the stakeholders get the futuristic 3D representation of a construction project. (6,
2020)

The factor that led to the adoption of BIM in the construction project is focused on the
automation of the modeling process, improving the correctness of the construction
document, enhancing the inter-party communication in the design and construction
process and automatically reflecting the changes in the design to the all the concern
authorities who are working on the particular project. (6, 2020)

According to Building Smart International, BIM is a collaborative working approach to

creating and managing construction projects. (3, 2023)

Before the introduction of the BIM, the project was managed in such a way that all the
stakeholders were used to take their part individually but not as a whole which led to
multiple errors and conflicts among the stakeholders which increased the cost and time
of construction process. (3, 2023)

The use of BIM is a great advantage in construction management as every graphic must
be updated when a change has occurred in the project while the BIM system
automatically updates the changes in all the other documents both in 2D and 3D. (3,
2023)

This dissertation has explored the five BIM software Revit, Archicad, BIM360,
Cove.tool, and Tekla, and how they are used in construction management.

Revit is a BIM software which is developed by Autodesk this software is widely used in
construction management as it has various feature which helps in the construction
management process. Revit allows the various stakeholders such as architects, engineers,
MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumping), etc. They create a 3D model of a project and
that model serves as a common platform for all of them for visualization and
collaboration, helping them to better understand the design and can make early changes
in the project. Revit also identifies the clash detection between the building components

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such as HVAC ducts, and plumbing pipes conflicts with the structural elements so that
changes can be made and it reduces the costly design changes during the construction.
By creating a detailed 3D model of a project Revit automatically generates a data sheet
of the quantity of material used in the project which helps in cost estimation budgeting
and helps the construction manager to predict the exact cost of the project. (7, 2022) (8)

Revit is used to make construction schedules and phasing plans based on the 3D BIM
model so that the construction manager coordinates the activity, manages the resources,
and makes sure that construction processes smoothly. Revit also provides the drawing
and documentation automatically with the help of a 3D model which helps in time
management of the project. (8)

Revit can perform energy analysis in building model to evaluate the energy performance
this is important for sustainable building and help the construction manager to decide on
energy-efficient design features. Revit also consists of a tool that ensures building
designs match the local building bylaws this feature can save time and resources by
avoiding revision during the permitting process. Due to the accurate data used in the 3D
model, the model can be used in project lifecycle management. (8)

Archicad is BIM software used for architectural design and modeling. It is not a dedicated
construction management tool but it helps the construction manager in various ways.
Archicad allows the coordination of different stakeholders which helps in coordinating
different features of the project to ensure that all the elements fit together in the project
seamlessly. It also detects the clash which helps in changes before starting the
construction and also reduces the error of work. (4, 2011) A detailed archicad model can
be used for the accurate quantity needed for the construction which helps the construction
manager to keep the record and will help them to get an exact estimate of the project.
While Archicad is not a dedicated construction management tool the data of the Archicad
can be exported to construction management tools and can give various data for
managing the construction process. Archicad generates construction drawings,
specifications, and other documentation required for the construction phase these
documents are used for the permits and guide the contractors during construction. The
BIM model created by Archicad can link to various construction management software
to provide real-time cost information, helping in budget management during
construction. (4, 2011) (9)

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BIM 360 provides a common platform to all the project stakeholders, including
architects, engineers, contractors, and owners, who can collaborate in real-time. It
facilitates document sharing, change tracking, and communication among team
members, improving coordination and reducing errors. BIM 360 enables design teams to
work collaboratively on 3D models and design data. It supports the management of
multiple design iterations, allows for version control, and ensures that all team members
are working with the most up-to-date information. The platform serves as a repository
for construction documents, such as drawings, specifications, contracts, and RFIs
(Requests for Information). BIM 360 offers field management tools that enable field
teams to access project data from mobile devices. This includes the ability to view
drawings, log issues, track progress, and perform quality control inspections directly in
the field. The platform supports quality control workflows by allowing teams to create
checklists, perform inspections, and track issues related to quality and compliance. The
platform provides data analytics and reporting tools that offer insights into project
performance. It enables teams to identify and resolve clashes and conflicts in 3D models
before construction begins, reducing rework and costly on-site issues. This ensures that
all project stakeholders are working with the latest revisions, reducing confusion and
errors. BIM 360 offers mobile applications that allow field personnel to access project
data, documents, and drawings on smartphones and tablets, improving productivity and
communication on construction sites. (4, 2011)

Cove.tool is a software platform primarily used in the construction sector for energy
modeling, sustainability analysis, and cost estimation. Cove.tool enables architects,
engineers, and construction professionals to provide a building energy performance
throughout the lifecycle. (10,11, 2023) Cove.tool provides the data to evaluate the
environmental effect of the construction project. The software provides data on carbon
footprint, water consumption, and material choice this helps the construction managers
to make sustainable decisions. Cove.tool generates the project cost estimate based on the
design of the building and also financial data for the green building certification this
helps the construction manager to get an exact cost estimate for the building to get a
certified tag. Cove.tool provides a common platform for all the stakeholders to
communicate and make changes according to this the risk of conflict among the
stakeholders is reduced and the changes are made prior so it reduces the risk of error and
helps in reducing the cost of construction it also helps that the building meets the building

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codes so that it gets easy to get the permit. Cove. tool generates reports and documents
that can be used for project documents to handle the flow of the project. (10,11, 2023)

Figure 3 Working flow of Cove.tool (11, 2023)

Tekla Structures is a powerful software primarily used in the construction and structural
engineering industry. The use of Tekla structures helps in construction management in
various ways. Tekla Structures excels at creating highly detailed and accurate 3D models
of structural components, including steel and concrete. This model serves as the basis for
construction planning, design coordination, and project construction management. Tekla
provides the capability to make accurate measurements directly from the 3D model.
Tekla Structures includes clash detection tools that help identify and resolve clashes and
conflicts between different structural components and building systems straight from the
design and planning phase. (4, 2011) (12, 2018) Tekla Structures facilitates collaboration
between AEC by providing a common platform to share and work on the same structural
model. The software generates manufacturing drawings, including construction drawings
and assembly drawings, directly from the 3D model. This streamlines the manufacturing
process, improves accuracy, and improves communication with manufacturers and
contractors. (12, 2018) (13, 2023) Tekla Structures enables constructability analysis to
evaluate the feasibility of proposed design and construction methods. It helps identify
potential problems and provides information to optimize the construction process.
Construction managers can use 3D models to plan site logistics, including locating
construction equipment, material storage areas, and temporary structures. Tekla
Structures provides mobile and field access solutions that enable construction teams to

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access project data and models directly from the construction site. The software supports
quality control by allowing monitoring and management of inspection and testing
processes. Tekla Structures can produce comprehensive project documentation,
including construction drawings, reports, and bills of materials, ensuring that all project
stakeholders have access to essential information. Construction managers can use Tekla
Structures to effectively document and manage design changes. This helps maintain
project transparency and facilitates decision-making regarding change requests. Overall,
Tekla Structures improves construction management by providing a comprehensive
platform for modeling, coordination, planning, and documentation of structural elements.
It helps improve project efficiency, reduce errors, better communication between project
stakeholders, and ultimately the success of construction projects. (13, 2023)

2.2.2: Construction management software

Construction management software provides multiple benefits in the construction

process and project teams with the help of construction management software the
efficiency of work increases it helps in better communication between the stakeholder
and keep the data up-to-date which reduces the error of work by helping this software
the speed of construction increases and also reduces the overall cost compared to the
standard method. Here are the five-construction management software that were
explored during the study. Fieldwire, Procore, Coconstuct, Building Connected, and
Final Cad.

Fieldwire is a CMS platform that provides field management and collaboration tools. It
offers features that streamline communication, task management, and document sharing,
making it valuable in construction management. Fieldwire allows construction managers
to create and allot tasks to project team members, subcontractors, and other stakeholders.
The software keeps all of the construction documents, including drawings, plans,
specifications, and other files related to the project. This ensures that all team members
have access to the most up-to-date project documents. Fieldwire allows users to view
construction plans and drawings on mobile devices. It supports annotations, annotations,
and comments directly on plans, making it effortless to communicate and identify
problems in the field. Construction managers can create and manage task lists in
Fieldwire, specifying items that need to be edited or completed. This feature streamlines
the to-do list process and ensures that any issues are resolved before the project is

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complete. Fieldwire provides tools to generate daily reports, capturing project activities,
weather conditions, site photos, and progress updates. These reports help construction
managers track project status and maintain complete records of the project. The platform
supports the submission process by tracking project submissions, review, and approval
of materials and equipment. Users can submit and manage information requests through
Fieldwire. This feature streamlines the communication of questions and clarifications
between project stakeholders, minimizing delays and misunderstandings. Fieldwire
provides offline access to project data, allowing field teams to work in areas with limited
or no internet connectivity. Construction managers can create custom forms and
checklists tailored to their project`s specific needs. Fieldwire can integrate with BIM
software, allowing construction teams to directly access 3D models and related field data
for coordination and reference. The platform promotes collaboration among project team
members by providing a centralized location for communicating, sharing documents, and
managing work. (14,2022)

Procore is a cloud-based construction management software platform that connects

everyone taking part in a project, from the owner and general contractor to subcontractors
and suppliers. It provides a variety of tools to help manage all aspects of a construction
project. Procore provides tools to track progress and manage tasks, budgets, and
resources. Procore helps teams comply with safety regulations, manage audits, and track
incidents. Procore provides a central platform for stakeholders to share documents,
drawings, and other project information. Procore provides project performance insights
to help teams identify and resolve potential issues early. Procore provides project
performance insights to help teams identify and resolve potential issues early. Procore
helps general contractors manage their projects more effectively, improve
communication with stakeholders, and reduce costs. Procore helps subcontractors and
suppliers collaborate more effectively with general contractors and other stakeholders,
look over the progress, and get paid on time. (15, 2019) Procore is used to manage
operations, budgets, quality and safety standards, design, and more. This can help keep
the project on track and decrease the risk of delays and problems. This can help improve
efficiency and reduce costs. This can make sure that projects are financially viable and
costs are controlled. This can help improve communication and collaboration as well as
identify and resolve potential problems early. (16, 2023)

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CoConstruct is a CMS platform that helps builders and construction manager manage
their projects from start to finish. It provides a variety of tools to help manage all features
of a construction project. (17, 2023) CoConstruct provides tools for tracking progress
and managing tasks, budgets, and resources. CoConstruct provides tools for tracking
project costs, invoicing customers, and managing payments. CoConstruct helps builders
and construction managers manage the material selection and finishing process, making
it easier to get customer approval and keep the project on schedule. CoConstruct provides
tools that help construction managers and stakeholders effectively communicate with
customers and keep them informed about the progress of their projects. CoConstruct is
used by a variety of builders and stakeholders, from small businesses to large
corporations. CoConstruct can be used to track project progress, manage tasks, and
cooperate with team members. CoConstruct is to communicate with customers and keep
them informed about the progress of their projects. CoConstruct is a powerful
construction management software platform that can help construction managers and
stakeholders improve efficiency, reduce costs, and finish projects on time and within
budget. (17, 2023) CoConstruct provides a central platform for teams to provide
documents, drawings, and other project information. CoConstruct provides a central
platform for teams to share documents, drawings, and other project information. This can
help improve communication and disputes between team members, customers, and other
stakeholders. CoConstruct`s tools can help construction managers and stakeholders
automate many tasks related to CM, such as tracking progress, managing tasks, and
billing customers. CoConstruct can help construction managers and stakeholders reduce
costs by helping them identify and resolve potential problems early. CoConstruct can
help construction managers and stakeholders improve their customer experience by
giving them with tools to effectively communicate with customers and keep them
informed of their project's progress. (17, 2023)

BuildingConnected is a CMS platform that connects owners, builders, and subcontractors

to streamline the bidding process and manage risk. BuildingConnected makes it easier to
post and manage bids, track responses, and award contracts. BuildingConnected provides
a database of pre-qualified subcontractors that can be filtered by project type, location,
and other criteria. BuildingConnected provides tools to help assess and mitigate risks,
such as financial risk, insurance claims, and operational history. BuildingConnected is
used to publish and manage tender documents, track responses, and award contracts.

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BuildingConnected is used to collaborate with subcontractors and suppliers, share
documents and drawings, and track progress. (18, 2023) BuildingConnected tools can
help construction professionals automate many tasks related to bid and risk management,
such as posting and managing bids, tracking responses, and assessing risk.
BuildingConnected can help construction professionals reduce costs by helping them
save time and effort while helping them identify and mitigate risks. BuildingConnected
provides a central platform for teams to share documents, drawings, and other project
information. This can help improve communication between construction professionals,
customers, and other stakeholders. BuildingConnected can help construction
professionals reduce risk by providing tools to assess and mitigate risks, such as financial
risk, insurance claims, and performance history. (18, 2023)

FinalCad helps teams identify, track, and resolve errors. It also provides tools to manage
quality processes. FinalCad helps teams create and manage security plans, perform
audits, and track incidents. It also provides tools to manage risk assessments and security
training. FinalCad helps teams track task progress, activities, and milestones. It also
provides tools to create reports and dashboards to check project progress. FinalCad is
used by many construction professionals, including general contractors, subcontractors,
project managers, and owners. FinalCad is used to create and manage quality plans,
safety plans, and project schedules. FinalCad is used to track the progress of tasks,
activities, and milestones. It can also be used to manage quality and safety inspections
and resolve defects. FinalCad is used to create final reports and deliver documents.
FinalCad tools can help teams identify, track, and resolve defects faster and more
effectively. FinalCad tools can help teams automate many tasks related to CM, such as
tracking progress, managing inspections, and resolving defects. FinalCad provides a
central platform for teams to provide documents, drawings, and other project
information. FinalCad provides a central platform for teams to provide documents,
drawings, and other project information. It also provides tools for real-time
communication and collaboration. (19,2023)

2.2.3: Project management software (PMS)

PMS is not a core software for construction management as it is also used in various
fields as well but PMS plays a very important role in the field of CM it is used to manage
all the aspects of construction management from pre- to post-construction. (20) Here are

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five PMS programs that were explored during the study which are Clickup, Basecamp,
JIRA, Trello, and Monday.com.

ClickUp is project management software that offers a variety of features to help teams
plan, track, and work together on projects of all sizes. ClickUp is a highly customizable
platform, making it ideal for a variety of construction projects. Teams can create custom
workflows, fields, and views to meet their specific needs. ClickUp provides a central
platform for teams to share documents, drawings, and other project information. It also
provides real-time communication and collaboration tools. This can help improve
communication and coordination between team members, customers, and other
stakeholders. ClickUp offers many tools for tracking project progress, including task
lists, Gantt charts, and calendars. Teams can also create custom reports to track specific
metrics. ClickUp is used to create and manage project schedules, budgets, and quality
plans. ClickUp is used to record progress on tasks, activities, and milestones. ClickUp
task management allows teams to create, assign, and track tasks. ClickUp Gantt charts
provide a visual representation of project progress. Teams can use Gantt charts to track
task progress, identify potential bottlenecks, and adjust their schedules as needed.
ClickUp Calendar allows teams to see all of their upcoming tasks and events in one place.
Teams can also use calendars to create custom reminders and deadlines. ClickUp offers
several reports to help teams track project progress, identify problems, and make the right
decisions. ClickUp offers a variety of reports to help teams track project progress,
identify potential issues, and make informed decisions. Some of the most commonly used
reports in construction management include task progress reports, Gantt chart reports,
and progress reports. This can help them improve efficiency, reduce costs, and complete
projects on time. (21.2023)

Basecamp is a PMS platform that is used for project management and collaboration it is
widely used in CM for communication, coordination, and task management to keep a
record of the project. It provides a common platform for all the stakeholders to
communicate so that anyone can inform anyone very quickly. The basecamp also
provides the latest update of the drawings, and documents related to construction to all
the stakeholders so that everyone can be updated. Basecamp provides a task management
list to everyone so that it gets easy to know what task is given to whom by that task can
be completed on time and updated on the software. The scheduling features help in
putting the project timelines and deadlines so that the planning and monitoring of the

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project stays on track. Basecamp is used to track the issues related to resources, design
conflict, or any other issue that is updated on the software so that action can be taken on
time. Basecamp provides real-time updates so that the stakeholders get updated about
any kind of change in the project. (22,2014)

JIRA is a PMS developed by the Atlassian. JIRA is widely used in the CPM in terms of
project planning and tracking JIRA divides the construction project into parts to get the
data of the requirements per stage which helps in the structured approach in the project
planning. JIRA backlogs the small aspects of the project and prioritizes the main
important work. In the construction processes various changes occur in the design as well
as the defects at the construction site JIRA helps in tracking and managing these issues
and gives information to all the stakeholders so that the changes or defects can be updated
on time and provide a proper solution to it. JIRA provides communication and
coordination between all the stakeholders together so that conflicts between the
stakeholders do not arise and it is used as a common platform for all to exchange
information related to the construction project. JIRA provides an easy workflow
customization so that the data can be stored in stages which makes it easy to get the data
of any stage quickly when needed. JIRA can integrate with BIM tools to provide the data
of the project with the BIM 3D representation. JIRA creates custom reports and
dashboards to keep track of the construction process and provide the stakeholders with
real-time data about the construction progress. JIRA helps to keep all the documents safe
and on record when the documents, drawings, and reports are attached to them. (24)
(25,2013)

Trello is a PMS that can be used in a variety of ways, including construction

management. (25) Trello creates a Trello board in which the data of construction projects
is kept such as planning, design, construction, and completion. Trello makes the board
for different phases such as to-do, in progress, quality check, etc. (25) Trello helps in
managing the task by providing the detail of Trello board about the due dates, and
construction progress so that the team members can look over the board and manage the
task properly. Trello has become the common platform to communicate related to the
project team members can ask questions and provide updates on the Trello board so that
all the stakeholders are updated about the construction process. Trello sets the timeline
in the Trello board to keep it aware of the work to be done at the given time so that team
members can work accordingly to projects keep going smoothly. The team members can

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

make the Trello board related to the work that is in progress and if any changes of
resources are needed it gets updated on that board so that quick action can be taken and
resolve the problem so that the construction keeps going smoothly. Trello provides a
mobile app so that the construction managers on the site can see the updates quickly and
can manage the changes on site before any delays which reduces the cost by reducing the
chance of error. As the issue occurs on the site construction manager/team members can
assign the responsible team member so that they get notified about the issue and can
make proper decisions on time. By these features of Trello the construction projects are
completed properly and within the period. (25)

Monday.com is a cloud-based work management platform that can be used in

construction management to track and manage projects, tasks, resources, and
collaboration. (26) Monday.com creates a timeline of the project by making a Gantt chart
view so that all the stakeholders can look over the timeline of the project. Monday.com
properly assigns the work to concerned authorities so that they can follow up on their
duty. Monday.com is a common platform that keeps all the records of the construction
documents such as drawings, permits, contracts, and other related documents in a single
place so that all the authorized stakeholders can have access to all the documents. It also
provides a platform for communicating so that all the stakeholders can ask for updates
on the changes that occur during the construction process which gives real-time data to
all of the team members which reduces the chances of error during the process (26)
Monday.com offers a resource management table in which the resources keep on
updating on a real-time basis by the team member so that no delays occur in providing
the resources occurs and the construction keeps on going smoothly. It also tracks the
workload of the team members so that the work is distributed equally to all the team
members. Monday.com monitors the project expenses and compares them with the
budget this identifies whether the expenses are used properly or not it generates the report
for the expenses so that the stakeholders are updated during the whole process.
Monday.com provides the checklist to ensure the quality check of the construction
process and also to make sure the safety measures are met at various stages of the process
if any issue is a concern during the process the software updates it in the chart where all
the stakeholders can see and take a proper action to resolve the issue. Monday.com
provides customized reports to all the stakeholders with a comprehensive overview of
the project status and performance. Monday.com is a widely used software in

Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023

construction management for project scheduling, document management, report
generating, and team collaboration. (26)

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Dissertation | Digital Technologies in Construction Management | 2023