The Dome of the Rock through the Centuries

The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is a significant religious symbol with a complex history that
spans multiple religions and centuries. It was constructed by the Umayyad caliph 'Abd al-Malik
around 691-692 and is often seen as a symbol of Islam's triumph. However, it represents more
than that:

1. Interreligious Connections: The Dome's construction bridged Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.
It wasn't built for prayer but shared similarities with the Kaaba in Mecca, commemorating God's
creation of the world with a sacred stone. It was placed on the site of Solomon's Temple and
connected to earlier religious traditions.

2. Challenge to Christian Beliefs: Inside, Quranic inscriptions emphasized Islamic theology,

denying Jesus's divinity and resembling Christian church architecture. The absence of figurative
imagery aligned it with Jewish Temple traditions.

3. Historical Associations: The Dome was associated with the Jewish Temple, symbolizing its
legendary wealth and the Throne of Solomon. It held eschatological significance, representing
the restoration of the First and final Temple.

4. Visual Evolution: Over time, its appearance evolved, replacing original mosaics during the
Ottoman period, obscuring its connection to the Jewish Temple but retaining its eschatological
associations.

5. Islamic Significance: The Dome also gained importance in Islam through the story of
Muhammad's Night Journey and Ascension. It was linked to the Prophet's ascent into heaven.

6. Shifting Identities: The Dome's identity shifted between Christian and Islamic over centuries,
reflecting religious and political dynamics. It symbolizes profound spiritual and historical
significance to Islam and Christianity.

In summary, the Dome of the Rock is a unique architectural monument representing the
interconnectedness of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Its rich history reflects a complex
interplay of religious traditions, challenging beliefs, and symbolizing the connection between
heaven and earth.

Baharé Rostakiani