HNC Student TMA / Portfolio – CELESTIAL NAVIGATION LO2,3,4

Please ensure all elements of this table are completed before submission.

Name Lovepreet singh Full Class Code NNHNCNOTSC/F201B

Student Subject
Celestial Navigation LO2,3,4
Number (only one per portfolio)
Submission
1 Student Email Loveshah333@gmail.com
Number

Please read all instructions before submitting:

This portfolio is being submitted for assessment of your chosen academic unit. Examples
of extra documentation that may be included in this portfolio after answering the
compulsory questions include but are not limited to:
 Completed tutorials;
 Completed worksheets;
 Kahoot quizzes;
 Study plans;
 Any project work or reports;
 Evidence of videos / online materials used;

These documents can either be attached to this portfolio electronically or, if

handwritten, a picture or scan taken of the paper document with your signature on it.
Please ensure that your portfolio is laid out in a logical order either following the learning
outcomes of the SQA unit descriptor or in accordance with how the unit was taught.

Submitting work with no order or formatting may result in a fail.

Referencing of work:
 Any Images of handwritten work, attached as part of this assignment must be
signed and dated.
 If you have taken information /diagrams from college notes, or from any other
source, they must be referenced. Immediately before or after the section taken,
there must be a clear statement to show where the explanation or diagram has
come from. ( example a complete web address, or the Name location and pages
of the notes used. Note you must still answer questions in your own words, a high
percentage of referenced material does not constitute a pass. Failure to
reference any material which is not your own ( text, images or otherwise )
constitutes plagiarism, a disciplinary offence under the college code of conduct.

Submission
All portfolios must be submitted electronically as a word or PDF file only, using the drop
box located in each Moodle page:

‘Moodle Individual Units / HNC Nautical Science: eAssessments / Subject’

Please ensure this covering page remains the first page of your portfolio.

Do not delete questions. Formatting maybe adjusted for extra space to answer as
required.
Guidance for Celestial Navigation Portfolio LO 2 / 3 /4

This guidance relates to learning outcomes 2, 3 and 4 and does not include LO1.
Included within all portfolios for LO2, 3 and 4 must be evidence to support understanding
of ALL of the following:

1. Intercepts and intercept terminal points (ITPs) using true and calculated zenith
distances. [This is the Marc St Hilaire Calculation of intercept and bearing].
Stating:
a. the orientation of the position line
b. the coordinates of the ITP using plane sailing

2. Calculating the position of a vessel using only ONE of the following methods, ie
either a, b or c:
a. Observations of 3 or more celestial objects at different times (Star Sights at
morning or evening twilight)
b. Observations of one celestial object at meridian passage either run back or
forward with another observation, eg Morning sun run up to 1200 and
Merpass latitude adjusted to 1200 to determine 1200 position.
c. Observations of 2 celestial objects taken at the same time.

Please note that these items are the minimum for your portfolio to be accepted. Your
portfolio may result in a fail if you do not include all of the required topics stated
above.

SIGHTS
Qus2-DR position-48° 32’N 023° 16’W time at ship 1145hrs 27th june
Sextant altitude of sun’s lower limb 64° 34.4’
Index error 2.0’ off the arc height of eye 20.4m
Chronometer show 1h 48m 04sec error 3m 42sec fast
Find the direction of position line and the position through which it passes.

So to find the direction of position line and the position through

it passes we have to calculate first CZD which is calculated
zenith distance from DR position to body. Then we have to find
true zenith distance TZD by correcting sextant altitude in order
to find where we are exactly . means once we have find CZD
and TZD we have to compare both in order to find intercept .
intercept is difference between CZD and TZD .it named either
toward the body or away from the body . toward means in the
direction of azimuth of the body from DR position and away
being the opposite direction.
If the value of TZD is smaller than CZD then we can say
intercept toward .
And if value of TZD is greater then CZD then we call it intercept
away.

So in order to calculate CZD we have to find first LHA and

declination of sun then we will use formula – Cos CZD= cos LHA
. coslat. Cosdec. ±sinlat. Sindec

Note- if latitude and declination have different names means if

lat is north and dec is south then in formula we have to minus
sign .
But if both are with same name then we have to use addition
sign.

APPROX LMT 1145 27th june (LIT 023° 16’/15)

LIT (+W) 0133
APPROX GMT 1318 27th june

Chronometer shows 01 48 04 DEC N 23 18.9’

Error fast 03 42 d(0.1) -0.9’
Corrected time 01 44 22 DEC N 23 18.8’
(D corr(0.1) as the declination decreasing with hours we have
subtract the correction )

Exact GMT is 13h 44m 22sec 27th june

GHA sun 14 15.4’

Increment 11 05.5’
GHA 25 20.9’
LONG (-w) 23 16.0’
LHA 02 04.9’ W ( 0 to 180 LHA west)
Cos CZD= cos LHA . coslat. Cosdec. ±sinlat. Sindec
cosCZD=cos02°04.9’×cos48°32’×cos23°18.8’+sin48°32’×sin2
3°18.8’
(lat and dec same name so add)

0.607718405+0.296558648
0.904277
cosˉ¹(0.904277)

CZD= 25°16.4’
Next we have to find TZD as below

To find TZD

Sextant altitude 64°34.4’

Index error +2.0’ (off the arc always add)
Observed altitude 64°36.4’
Height of eye(20.4) - 7.9’ (from DIP column)
Apparent altitude 64°28.5’
Additional correction +15.5’ (sun column lower limb month
june)
True altitude 64°44.0’

TZD= 90°- true altitude

90°-64°44.0’

TZD= 25°16.0’

So, TZD= 25°16.0’

CZD=25°16.4’
Intercept= 0.4’ toward (because TZD less then CZD)
To find true bearing of sun we have to use A, b , c method

A=tanlat/tanLHA

= tan48°32’/tan02°04.9’
=1.13162/0.03634
A=31.13979 S

B=tan dec /sin LHA

= tan 23°18.8’/sin 02°04.9’
=0.43094/0.03632
B=11.86508 N
(B same name as declination )

C= A-B (different name minus)

=31.13979-11.86508
C=19.27471 S

TANaz= 1/c×cos lat

=1/19.27471×cos48°32’
=1/12.76340
Az=tanˉ¹(0.07835)
Az=S 004.5° W
True bearing = 180°+004.5°
= 184.½°true

To find coordintaes of ITP by plane sailing

Distance= d’lat/coscourse

D’lat=coscourse×distance
= cos184.5°×0.4
Dlat’ 0.4’ S

Intial DRlatitude = 48°32.0’N

D’lat = 00.4’S
ITPLatitude = 48°31.6’N

Mean lat= 48°32.0’+48°31.6/2

= 48°31.8’

Departure= sin course×distance

= sin 184.5°×0.4
D’long= 0.2’W

Intial DR longitude =023°16.0’W

D”long = 00.2’W
ITPLongitude = 023°16.2’W
ITP coordinates

Latitude = 48°31.6’N Longitude =023°16.2’W

DR

274.5° 0.4 toward

094.5°
ITP

184.5°

Sun sight- plotting

Obtain the 1200hrs observed position of the vessel given the following
details
Course 131°true speed 16.0knots
Morning sight 0848hrs.
DR position 34° 25’S 123° 17’E
Intercept 4.2’away azimuth 064°true

Time of meridian passage 1221hrs

Observed latitude at meridian passage 35°08.7’S

In order to calculate 1200 hrs observed position we have to use

following steps .
First we have to calculate DR lat/long by using plan sailing .as
its given in the question that morning sight time is 0848 hrs
and speed is 16.0knots so we have to find distance covered by
vessel from 0848 to 1200 hrs .by using this distance we have to
calculate d’lat and departure then d’long in order to get 1200hr
DR lat/long.
Then we have to transfer intercept at 1200hrs DR position
Next step time of meridian passage and observed latitude is
given in the question so we just have to use plane sailing again
to calculate distance first from 1221 to 1200 by using ship
speed and then by using this distance we have to calculate d’lat
after applying this d’lat to meridian passage observed position
we will get 1200hrs observed latitude . then by using ploting
sheet we have to find departure which will give us 1200hrs
observed longitude .and then we have final 1200 hrs observed
lat/long
Below are the working

0848 to 1200 distance= 0312hours×16knots =51.2miles

D’lat= distance× coscourse

51.2×cos131°
D’lat=33.6 (S)
Latitude 0848hrs = 34°25.0’S
D’lat = 36.6 S
DR Latitude 1200hrs = 34°58.6’ S

DEP=sincourse×distance
Sin131°×51.2
DEP=38.6E

D’ long=dep/cosmlat

Mlat=34°25.0’+34°58.6’/2
= 34°41.8’

D’ long=38.6/cos34°41.8’
D’ long=46.9’E

Initial longitude 0848hrs = 123°17.0’E

D’ long = 46.9’E
DR Longitude 1200hrs = 124°03.9’E

Meridian passage
1221 to 1200 hr= 21min×16knots/60
=5.6NM
D’lat=distance×coscourse
=5.6×cos131°
=3.7N( run reciprocal)

MP observed latitude =35°08.7’S

D’lat = 3.7N
1200hr observed Latitude = 35°05.0’S

From plot departure= 1.6W

Mlat=35°08.7’+35°05.0’/2
= 35°06.9’
D’ long=dep/cosmlat
=1.6/cos35°06.9’
D’ long=1.9W

DR Longitude 1200hrs =123°03.9’E

D’ long = 1.9W
Observed Longitude 1200hrs = 124°02.0’E

1200hrs observed position 35°05.0’S 124°02.0’E