Azeotrope tables

This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data
include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is
the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a
mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture. Boiling points are reported at a pressure of 760 mm Hg
unless otherwise stated. Where the mixture separates into layers, values are shown for upper (U) and lower
(L) layers.

The data were obtained from Lange's 10th edition[1] and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th
edition[2] unless otherwise noted (see color code table).
A list of 15825 binary and ternary mixtures was collated and published by the American Chemical
Society.[3] An azeotrope databank is also available online through the University of Edinburgh.[4]

Binary azeotropes
Data source color code

CRC & Lange's CRC only Lange's only other (see references)

Binary azeotropes of water, b.p.=100 °C Binary azeotropes of ethanol, b.p.=78.4 °C

b.p. of b.p. of b.p. of b.p. of
% by spef. % by spef.
2nd Component comp. mixture 2nd Component comp. mixture
weight grav weight grav
(˚C) (˚C) (˚C) (˚C)
with various alcohols with various esters

ethanol 78.4 78.1 95.5 0.804 ethyl acetate 77.1 71.8 69.2 0.863

methanol[5] 64.7 No azeotrope methyl acetate 57.0 56.9 97

1-propanol 97.3 87.7 71.7 0.866 ethyl nitrate 87.7 71.9 56

2-propanol 82.5 80.4 87.7 0.818 isopropyl acetate[6] 88.4 76.8 47

with various hydrocarbons

55.5 U
n-butanol 117.8 92.4 U 79.9 0.849 benzene 80.2 68.2 67.6 0.848
L 7.7 L
0.990 cyclohexane[12] 80.7 64.9 69.5

sec-butanol 99.5 88.5 67.9 0.863 toluene 110.8 76.7 32 0.815

n-pentane 36.2 34.3 95

70.0 U
n-hexane 68.9 58.7 79 0.687
iso-butanol 108.0 90.0 U 85.0 0.839
L 8.7 L n-heptane 98.5 70.9 51 0.729
0.988
n-octane 125.6 77.0 22
tert-butanol 82.8 79.9 88.3
with various alkyl halides
allyl alcohol 97.0 88.2 72.9 0.905
ethylene chloride 83.7 70.5 63
furfuryl alcohol 169.4 98.5 20
chloroform 61.1 59.4 93 1.403
cyclohexanol[6] 161.1 97.8 20
carbon tetrachloride 76.8 65.1 84.2 1.377
benzyl alcohol[6] 205.4 99.9 9
allyl chloride 45.7 44 95
with various organic acids
n-propyl chloride 46.7 45.0 93
formic acid 100.8 107.3 77.5
isopropyl chloride 36.3 35.6 97.2
acetic acid ‡[5][7] 118.1 No azeotrope
n-propyl bromide 71.0 62.8 79.5
propionic acid 141.1 99.98 17.7 1.016
isopropyl bromide 59.8 55.6 89.5
butyric acid 163.5 99.94 18.4 1.007
n-propyl iodide 102.4 75.4 56
iso-butyric acid 154.5 99.3 21
isopropyl iodide 89.4 71.5 73
with mineral acids
methyl iodide 42.6 41.2 96.8
nitric acid 83.0 120.5 68 1.405
methylene chloride 40.1 39.85 95.0
perchloric acid 110.0 203 71.6
ethyl bromide 38.0 37.0 97.0
hydrofluoric acid 19.9 120 37
trichloroethylene 87 70.9 73.0 1.197
hydrochloric acid –84 110 20.24 1.102
trichlorotrifluoroethane
47.7 43.8 96.2 1.517
hydrobromic acid –73 126 47.5 1.481 (CFC 113)

hydroiodic acid –34 127 57 tetrachloroethylene 121.0 76.75 37.0

sulfuric acid 290 338 98 with various other solvents
with various alkyl halides methyl ethyl ketone 79.6 74.8 60 0.802

ethylene chloride 83.7 72 91.8 acetonitrile 82.0 72.9 43.0 0.788

propylene nitromethane 101.3 75.95 26.8

96.8 78 89.4
chloride
tetrahydrofuran[13] 65.6 65 3.3
P = 100 kPa
97.2 U
chloroform[8] 61.2 56.1 U 0.8 1.004 thiophene[12] 84.1 70.0 55.0
L 99.8 L
1.491 carbon disulfide[6] 46.2 42.4 92

95.9
U
carbon U 0.03
76.8 66.8 1.000
tetrachloride L
L Binary azeotropes of methanol, b.p.=64.7 °C
99.97
1.597
b.p.
b.p. of
of % by spef.
99.6 U 2nd Component mixture
methylene comp. weight grav
40.0 38.8 U 2.0 1.009 (˚C)
chloride (˚C)
99.9 L
1.328 with various esters
with various esters methyl acetate 57.0 53.8 81.3 0.908
ethyl acetate 77.1 62.3 56 0.846
91.9 U
ethyl acetate 77.1 70.4 U 96.7 0.907 ethyl formate 54.1 51.0 84
L 8.7 L
0.999 with various hydrocarbons

methyl acetate 57.0 56.1 95.0 0.940 benzene 80.2 58.3 60.5 0.844

n-propyl toluene 110.8 63.8 31 0.813

101.6 82.4 86
acetate[6] 62.8
cyclohexane 80.8 45.2 U 97.0
ethyl nitrate 87.7 74.4 78
L 39.0
with various other solvents
n-pentane 36.2 30.8 91
acetone ‡[5][7] 56.5 °C No azeotrope
n-hexane[14] 68.9 60 71.6
methyl ethyl
79.6 73.5 89 0.834 n-heptane 98.5 59.1 48.5
ketone
n-octane 125.8 63.0 72.0
pyridine 115.5 92.6 57 1.010
with various alkyl halides
91.1
U methylene chloride 40.0 37.8 92.7
U
benzene 80.2 69.3 0.880
99.94
L ethylene chloride 83.7 61.0 68
L 0.07
0.999
chloroform 61.1 53.5 87.4 1.342
79.8 carbon tetrachloride 76.8 55.7 79.4 1.322
U
U
toluene 110.8 84.1 0.868
99.95 ethyl bromide 38.4 35.0 95.5
L
L 0.06
1.000 n-propyl chloride 46.6 40.5 90.5

91.5 isopropyl chloride 36.4 33.4 94

U
U
cyclohexane 80.7 69.8 0.780 n-propyl bromide 71.0 54.5 79
99.99
L
L 0.01 isopropyl bromide 59.8 48.6 85.0
1.00
diethyl ether 34.5 34.2 98.7 0.720 isopropyl iodide 89.4 61.0 62

tetrahydrofuran[5] 66 64.2[9] 95 trichloroethylene[6] 87.2 60.2 64

anisole 153.9 95.5 59.5 tetrachloroethylene[13] 121.1 63.5 40.6

acetonitrile 82.0 76.5 83.7 0.818 trichlorotrifluoroethane

47.7 39.9 94
(CFC 113)[6]
chloral 97.75 95.0 93.0
with various other solvents
hydrazine[10] 113.5 °C 120.3 °C 68.5
 nitromethane 101.2 64.6 9
m-xylene[3][11] 139.0 92.0 64.2
acetone 56.5 55.7 87.9 0.796
‡
CRC 44th ed. lists azeotropes for acetic acid/water and acetonitrile 82.0 63.45 19.0
acetone/water, Lange's 10th ed. as well as numerous web
86.0
sources indicate no azeotrope for these pairs.
carbon disulfide 46.2 37.7 U 50.8 U 0.979
L 97.2 L 1.261

Isopropyl alcohol[6] 82.5 64.0 20

Binary azeotropes of allyl alcohol, b.p.=97.0 °C
tetrahydrofuran[15] 65.6 60.7 69.0
b.p. of b.p. of P = 984 mBar
2nd % by spef.
comp. mixture
Component weight grav
(˚C) (˚C)

with various solvents

methyl butyrate 102.7 93.8 45

n-propyl
101.6 94.2 47
acetate

benzene 80.2 76.8 82.6 0.874

toluene 110.8 92.4 50

cyclohexane 80.8 74 80

carbon
76.8 72.3 88.5 1.450
tetrachloride
ethylene
83.7 79.9 82
chloride

Binary azeotropes of n-propanol, b.p.=97.2 °C Binary azeotropes of Isopropyl alcohol,

b.p. of b.p. of
b.p.=82.5 °C
2nd % by spef.
comp. mixture b.p. of b.p. of
Component weight grav % by spef.
(˚C) (˚C) 2nd Component comp. mixture
weight grav
with various solvents (˚C) (˚C)

methyl butyrate 102.7 94.4 51 with various esters

n-propyl ethyl acetate 77.1 75.3 75 0.869

80.8 80.65 97
formate isopropyl acetate 91.0 81.3 40 0.822
n-propyl with various hydrocarbons
101.6 94.7 49 0.833
acetate
benzene 80.2 71.9 66.7 0.838
benzene 80.2 77.1 83.1

toluene 110.8 92.4 47.5 0.836 toluene ‡[12] 110.8 80.6 42

cyclohexane 80.7 68.6 67.0 0.777

n-hexane 68.9 65.7 96
carbon n-pentane 36.2 35.5 94
76.8 73.1 88.5 1.437
tetrachloride n-hexane 68.9 62.7 77
ethylene n-heptane 98.5 76.3 46
83.7 80.7 81
chloride
with various alkyl halides
n-propyl
71.0 69.7 91
bromide carbon tetrachloride 76.8 69.0 82 1.344
chloroform 61.1 60.8 95.8

ethylene chloride 83.7 74.7 56.5

Binary azeotropes of acetic acid, b.p.=118.5 °C
ethyl iodide 83.7 67.1 85
b.p. of b.p. of n-propyl chloride 46.7 46.4 97.2
% by spef.
2nd Component comp. mixture
weight grav
(˚C) (˚C) n-propyl bromide 71.0 66.8 79.5
 with various solvents isopropyl bromide 59.8 57.8 88
benzene 80.2 80.05 98 0.882 n-propyl iodide 102.4 79.8 58

cyclohexane[6] 80.8 79.7 98 isopropyl iodide 89.4 76.0 68

toluene 110.8 105.0 72 0.905 tetrachloroethylene[12] 121.1 81.7 19.0

m-xylene 139.0 115.4 27.5 0.908 with various other solvents

mesitylene[16] 164.6 118 3.6 methyl ethyl ketone 79.0 77.5 68 0.800

n-heptane 98.5 92.3 70 diisopropyl ether 69 66.2 85.9

n-octane 125.8 109.0 50 nitromethane 101.0 79.3 70

isopropyl iodide 89.2 88.3 91 ‡

CRC and Lange's disagree on this azeotrope, but web source
carbon corroborates CRC
76.8 76.6 97
tetrachloride
tetrachloroethylene 121.0 107.4 61.5

ethylene bromide 131.7 114.4 45

1,1-dibromoethane 109.5 103.7 75.0

methylene bromide 98.2 94.8 84.0

pyridine 115.3 139.7 65.0 1.024

Binary azeotropes of formic acid, Binary azeotropes of ethylene glycol,

b.p.=100.8 °C b.p.=197.4 °C
b.p. of b.p. of b.p. of b.p. of
2nd % by spef. 2nd % by spef.
comp. mixture comp. mixture
Component weight grav Component weight grav
(˚C) (˚C) (˚C) (˚C)

with various hydrocarbons with various solvents

benzene 80.2 71.7 69 ethyl benzoate 212.6 186.1 53.5

toluene 110.8 85.8 50 diphenyl 254.9 192.0 36

m-xylene 139.0 94.2 29.8 mesitylene 164.6 156.0 87

m-xylene[3][11] 139.0 92.8 28.2 naphthalene 218.1 183.9 49

o-xylene[3] 143.6 95.5 26 toluene 110.8 110.2 93.5

m-xylene 139.0 135.6 85
p-xylene[3] 138.4 ~95 30.0
o-xylene 144.4 139.6 84.0
n-pentane 36.2 34.2 90
ethylene
n-hexane 68.9 60.6 72 131.7 129.8 96
bromide
n-heptane 98.5 78.2 56.5
nitrobenzene 210.9 185.9 41
n-octane 125.8 90.5 37
chlorobenzene 132.0 130.1 5.6
with various alkyl halides
benzyl chloride 179.3 167.0 70
chloroform 61.2 59.2 85
benzyl alcohol 205.1 193.1 44
carbon
76.8 66.7 81.5 anisole 153.9 150.5 89.5
tetrachloride
acetophenone 202.1 185.7 48
methyl iodide 42.6 42.1 94
aniline 184.4 180.6 76
ethyl bromide 38.4 38.2 97
o-cresol 191.1 189.6 73
ethylene
83.6 77.4 86
chloride

ethylene
131.7 94.7 48.5
bromide
Binary azeotropes of glycerol, b.p.=291.0 °C
n-propyl b.p. of b.p. of
46.7 45.6 92 2nd % by spef.
chloride comp. mixture
Component weight grav
(˚C) (˚C)
isopropyl
34.8 34.7 98.5
chloride diphenyl 254.9 243.8 45
n-propyl naphthalene 218.1 215.2 90
71.0 64.7 73
bromide

isopropyl
59.4 56.0 86
bromide
Binary azeotropes of acetone, b.p.=56.5 °C
with various other solvents
b.p. of b.p. of
carbon disulfide 46.3 42.6 83 % by spef.
2nd Component comp. mixture
weight grav
(˚C) (˚C)

carbon disulfide 46.3 39.3 67.0 1.04

Binary azeotropes of benzene, b.p.=80.1 °C chloroform 61.2 64.7 80.0 1.268
b.p. of b.p. of cyclohexane 80.74 53.0 33.0
2nd % by spef.
comp. mixture
Component weight grav n-hexane 68.8 49.8 41
(˚C) (˚C)

cyclohexane 80.74 77.8 45.0 0.834 ethyl iodide 56.5 55.0 40.0

ethyl nitrate 88.7 80.03 12.0 carbon

76.8 56.2 11.9
tetrachloride[12]
methyl ethyl
79.6 78.4 37.5 0.853
ketone

nitromethane 101.0 79.15 14.0

acetonitrile 82.0 73.0 34.0

n-heptane[6] 98.5 80.0 1

Miscellaneous azeotrope pairs

b.p. b.p. b.p. % wt % wt spec.
component 1 component 2
comp. 1 (˚C) comp. 2 (˚C) azeo. (˚C) comp. 1 comp. 2 grav.

diethyl ether 34.6 20.5 76.0 24.0 0.762

acetaldehyde 21.0
n-butane[12] –0.5 –7.0 16.0 84.0

benzaldehyde 179.5 178.6 6.5 93.5

acetamide 222.0 nitrobenzene 210.9 202.0 24.0 76.0

o-xylene 144.1 142.6 11.0 89.0

ethyl acetate 77.15 74.8 23.0 77.0

acetonitrile 82.0
toluene[13] 110.6 81.1 76.0 24.0

acetylene –86.6 ethane –88.3 –94.5 40.7 59.3

aniline 184.4 o-cresol 191.5 191.3 8.0 92.0

diethyl ether 34.6 34.4 1.0 99.0 0.719

1,1-dichloroethane 57.2 46.0 94.0 6.0

carbon disulfide 46.2 methyl ethyl ketone 79.6 45.9 84.7 15.3 1.157

ethyl acetate[6] 77.1 46.1 97 3

methyl acetate[6] 57.0 40.2 73 27

methyl ethyl ketone 79.6 79.9 17.0 83.0 0.877

chloroform 61.2
n-hexane 68.7 60.0 72.0 28.0 1.101
carbon tetrachloride 76.8 methyl ethyl ketone 79.9 73.8 71.0 29.0 1.247
 ethylene dichloride 84.0 75.3 78.0 22.0 1.500
ethyl acetate 77.1 74.8 57.0 43.0 1.202

ethyl acetate 77.15 72.8 46.0 54.0

cyclohexane 80.74
ethyl nitrate 88.7 74.5 64.0 36.0
methyl formate 31.50 28.2 44.0 56.0
diethyl ether 34.6
methylene chloride[5] 40 40.8 30 70

nitromethane 101.0 toluene 110.8 96.5 55.0 45.0

chloroform 61.2 72.5 34.5 65.5

tetrahydrofuran[15] 65.6
n-hexane 69 63.0 46.5 53.5
toluene 110.63 pyridine 115.3 110.2 78.0 22.0

aniline 184.4 179.5 43 57

propylene glycol[17] 188.2 o-xylene 144.4 135.8 10 90

toluene 110.6 110.5 1.5 98.5

Ternary azeotropes
Tables of various ternary azeotropes (that is azeotropes consisting of three components). Fraction
percentages are given by weight.
 Data source color code

CRC & Lange's CRC only Lange's only other (see references)

Ternary azeotropes of water, b.p.=100 °C

b.p. b.p. b.p.
% wt % wt % wt spec.
2nd component 2nd comp. 3rd component 3rd comp. azeo.
1st 2nd 3rd grav
(˚C) (˚C) (˚C)

ethyl acetate 77.1 70.3 °C 7.8 9.0 83.2 0.901

cyclohexane 80.8 62.1 7 17 76

18.5
7.4 74.1
U
U 1.3 U U
benzene 80.2 64.9 12.7
L 86.0 0.866
L
43.1 L 4.8 L 0.892
52.1

3.5 4.0 92.5

U U U 1.0 U
chloroform 61.2 55.5
80.8 18.2 L 0.976
L 0.5 L 3.7 95.8 L 1.441

4.3 9.7 86.0

3.4
carbon 10.3 86.3
86.8 61.8 U
tetrachloride U U 7.0 U
44.5
48.5 L 0.935
L
L 5.2 94.8 L 1.519
<0.1

ethanol 78.4 ethylene chloride 83.7 66.7 5 17 78

acetonitrile 82.0 72.9 1.0 55.0 44.0

37.0 51.0
12.0
U U
U 3.1 U
toluene 110.6 74.4 15.6 81.3
L 0.849
L L
20.7 L 0.855
54.8 24.5

methyl ethyl
79.6 73.2 11.0 14.0 75.0 0.832
ketone

3.0 12.0 85.0

U 0.5 U 3.0 U U
n-hexane 69.0 56.0
L L 96.5 0.672
19.0 75.0 L 6.0 L 0.833
6.1 33.0 60.9
U 0.2 U 5.0 U U
n-heptane 98.4 68.8
L L 94.8 0.686
15.0 75.9 L 9.1 L 0.801

carbon disulfide 46.2 41.3 1.6 5.0 93.4

cyclohexane 80.8 66.6 8.5 10.0 81.5

benzene 80.2 68.5 8.6 9.0 82.4

5 11 84
carbon U U U 0.1 U
n-propanol 97.2 76.8 65.4
tetrachloride 84.9 15.0 L 0.979
L 1.0 L 11.0 88.0 L 1.436
diethyl ketone 102.2 81.2 20 20 60

n-propyl acetate 101.6 82.2 21.0 19.5 59.5

Isopropyl alcohol 82.5 64.3 7.5 18.5 74.0

cyclohexane 80.8
66.1 7.5 21.5 71.0

benzene 80.2 °C 66.5 7.5 18.7 73.8

 19.8
8.2 72.0
U
U 2.3 U U
65.7 °C 20.2
L 77.5 0.855
L
85.1 L 0.5 L 0.966
14.4
methyl ethyl
79.6 73.4 11.0 1.0 88.0 0.834
ketone

38.2
13.1 48.7
U
U 8.5 U U
toluene 110.6 76.3 38.2
L 53.3 0.845
L
61.0 L 1.0 L 0.930
38.0

5 5 90
U 0.5 U 3.6 U U
n-hexane 69.0 59.7
L L 95.9 0.668
64.4 34.8 L 0.8 L 0.964
8.6 9.2 82.2
U 0.6 U 8.7 U U
benzene 80.2 68.2
L L 90.7 0.877
allyl alcohol 97.0 80.9 17.7 L 0.4 L 0.985

cyclohexane 80.8 66.2 8 11 81

11
5 84
U
carbon U U 2.7 U
76.8 65.2 25.6
tetrachloride 71.7 L 0.777
L
L 0.8 89.1 L 1.464
10.1
acetonitrile 82.0 66.0 8.2 68.5 23.3

8.8 65.1 26.1

benzene 80.1 methyl ethyl U 0.6 U U U
79.6 68.2
ketone L 71.3 28.1 0.858
94.7 L 0.1 L 5.2 L 0.992

3.0 22.2 74.8

carbon U U 5.5 U 0.1 U
76.8 65.7
tetrachloride 94.4 L L 0.993
L 0.1 22.6 77.3 L 1.313
methyl ethyl
79.6 60.0
ketone 5.0 35.0
U
U 0.6 U U
cyclohexane 81.0 63.6 37.0
L 62.4 0.769
L
89.9 L 0.1 L 0.98
10.0

81.0 15.0
4.0
U U
U U
methanol 64.65 52.6 32.0 41.0
27.0 1.022
chloroform 61.2 L L
L 3.0 L 1.399
83.0 14.0

acetone‡ 56.5 60.4 4.0 57.6 38.4

‡
Saddle azeotrope

Ternary azeotropes of methanol, b.p.=64.65 °C

b.p. b.p. b.p. % wt % wt % wt spec.
2nd component 3rd component
2nd comp. (˚C) 3rd comp. (˚C) azeo. (˚C) 1st 2nd 3rd grav

chloroform‡ 61.2 57.5 23.0 30.0 47.0

acetone 56.5 methyl acetate 57.0 53.7 17.4 5.8 76.8 0.898
cyclohexane 81.4 51.5 16.0 43.5 40.5

carbon disulfide 46.2 37.0

methyl acetate 57.1 cyclohexane 81.4 50.8 17.8 48.6 33.6

n-hexane 69.0 45.0 14.0 27.0 59.0 0.73

‡
Saddle azeotrope

References
1. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1496–1505
2. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. pp. 2143–2184
3. Lee H. Horsley, ed. (1 June 1973). Azeotropic Data—III (http://pubs.acs.org/isbn/9780841201668).
Advances in Chemistry Series No. 166. Vol. 116. American Chemical Society. doi:10.1021/ba-1973-
0116 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fba-1973-0116). ISBN 9780841201668.
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Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20070424141816/http://www.solvent--recycling.com/azeotrope_
1.html) from the original on 24 April 2007. Retrieved 24 March 2007.
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Retrieved 13 February 2011.
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Studies on Batch Distillation Operation" (https://web.archive.org/web/20040905010111/http://www.chem
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Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5 (3), pp. 301–307 doi:10.1021/je60007a019 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fje600
07a019)
9. "Modeling and optimization of pressure distillation to achieve pharma-grade THF" (https://www.hydrocar
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ptimization-of-pressure-distillation-to-achieve-pharma-grade-thf).
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system water-formic acid-metaxylene". Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 66 (9): 564–572.
doi:10.1002/recl.19470660905 (https://doi.org/10.1002%2Frecl.19470660905).
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http://eweb.chemeng.ed.ac.uk/chem_eng/azeotrope_bank.html). The Edinburgh Collection of Open
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chemeng.ed.ac.uk/chem_eng/azeotrope_bank.html) (Queriable database) on 24 April 2007. Retrieved
24 March 2007.
13. "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (http://www.cheric.org/research/kdb/hcvle/hcvle.php) (Queriable
database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center.
14. Rumble, John (2020). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (http://hbcponline.com/faces/contents/
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