The Mathematical Association of Victoria

Trial Examination 2023

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Trial Written Examination 1 - SOLUTIONS
Question 1
d 3
a.
dx
( x sin(2 x) )
= x 3 × 2cos(2 x) + sin(2 x) × 3 x 2
= 2 x 3 cos(2 x) + 3 x 2 sin(2 x) 1A

e2 x
b. f ( x) =
2x + 1

f '( x) =
( 2 x + 1) 2e2 x − e2 x × 2
1M
( 2 x + 1)
2

10e 4 − 2e 4
f '(2) =
52
8e 4
= 1A
25

Question 2
1 1
f : ( −2, ∞ ) → R, f ( x) = , g : ( 3, ∞ ) → R, g ( x) =
x+2 x−3
a. f  g exists because the range of g, R , is a subset of the domain of f, ( −2, ∞ ) .
+
1A

1
b. ( f  g ) ( x) = 1M
1
+2
x−3
x−3
=
1 + 2( x − 3)
x−3
=
2x − 5
5 1
x− −
= 2 2
2x − 5
2x − 5 1
= −
2(2 x − 5) 4 x − 10
1 1
= − 1M show that
2 4 x − 10

OR

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2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 2

1
2
2x − 5 x − 3
5
x−
2
1
−
2
x−3 1 1
= − 2
2x − 5 2 2x − 5
1 1
= − 1M show that
2 4 x − 10

c. The domain of f  g is the same as the domain of g.

Shape with open circle at (3, 0) 1A
Asymptote with equation 1A

Question 3
1
a. g ( x) = ∫ dx
( 3x + 1)
2

∫ ( 3x + 1)
−2
= dx

( 3x + 1)
−1

= +c
3 × −1
( 3x + 1)
−1

= +c
−3
1
g ( x) =
− +c 1M
3 ( 3 x + 1)
given g (0) = 3
1
3 =− + c
3
10
c=
3

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2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 3

1 10
g ( x) =
− + 1A
3 ( 3 x + 1) 3

 1
4

b. ∫π  − 2 sin(6 x) dx
−
18
π
1 4
=  cos(6 x) 
12 − π
18

1  3π   π 
=  cos   − cos  −   1M
12   2   3 
1 1
= 0 − 
12  2
1
= − 1A
24

Question 4
a.i. As the y-coordinates of the points of inflection are 1 and the y-coordinates of the maximum turning
points are 4, the graph of y = cos( x) has been dilated by a factor of 4 − 1 = 3 from the x-axis (amplitude is
So y1 3cos( x) + 1 .
3) and translated 1 unit up.=
Hence, A = 3 and c = 1 . 1A
1
a.ii. Solve nx + = 0 for x = −1
4
1
n= 1A
4
OR
As the turning point is at ( −1,=
4 ) , y1 3cos( x) + 1 has been translated 1 unit left. f ( x) can be written in
1 
the form=f ( x) A cos  ( x + 1)  + c .
 4 
1
n= 1A
4
2π period
= = 8π , so a point of inflection will be at x =−1 +
Period =−1 + 2π
1 4
4
Hence the general solution for the x-coordinates of the points of inflection is x =−1 + 2π + 4π k , k ∈ Z . 1A

OR
1 1
Solve 3cos  x +  + 1 =1
4 4
1 1
3cos  x +  = 0
4 4
1 1
cos  x +  = 0
4 4
1 1
x+ = cos −1 (0)
4 4

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2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 4

1 1 π
x + =,...
4 4 2
x =−1 + 2π , …
Hence the general solution for the x-coordinates of the points of inflection is x =−1 + 2π + 4π k , k ∈ Z . 1A

1 1 1 1
b. =
f ( x) 3cos  x +  + 1 to g= ( x) cos  x +  + 1
4 4 4 4
1
• Dilate by a factor of from the x-axis
3
2
• Translate of a unit up
3
1 c
(Dilate by a factor from the x-axis and translate c − units up) 1H
A A
OR
• Translate 1 unit down
1
• Dilate by from x-axis
3
• Translate 1 unit up
1
(Translate c units down, dilate by a factor of from the x-axis, translate c units up) 1H
A

Question 5
a. f ( x) = x 3 + 2 x 2 − x + 1
f ′( x)= 3 x 2 + 4 x − 1= 0 1M
−4 ± 16 + 12
x=
6
−4 ± 2 7
x=
6
−2 ± 7
x= 1A
3

f (−3)
b. x1 =−3 − 1M
f ′(−3)
−5
x1 =−3 −
14
9 37
−2 =
x1 = − 1A
14 14

c. Tangent line with the coordinates of the x-intercept 1A

Must touch at ( −3, −5 ) .

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 2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 5

Question 6
2
a. v(t ) =(t − 8) 3 + 1
1
2 −
a v′=
= (t ) (t − 8) 3
3
1
2 −
(t − 8) 3 = 1 1M
3
1
− 3
(t − 8) 3 =
2
−3
3
t −8 =  
2
3
2
t −8 = 
3
3
2
=t   +8
3
8
=t +8
27
224 8
=t = 8 1A
27 27

2
b. v(t ) =(t − 8) 3 + 1
v(35) − v(0)
Average rate of change = 1M
35 − 0
2 2
(35 − 8) + 1 − (−8) − 1
3 3
=
35
2 2
(27) 3 − (−8) 3
=
35
9−4
=
35

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2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 6

5 1
= = 1A
35 7

c. The graphs intersect at t = 0 and t = 16 .

The reflection of the graph of v in the x-axis gives the endpoint at ( 0, −5 ) .
A translation of 10 units up gives the endpoint as (0, 5).
So the graphs intersect at t = 0 and 8 units to the right of t = 8 .

16 16 8
The bounded=
area ∫ ( v2 (t ) − v(t ) )dt
0
or 2 ∫ ( 5 − v(t ) )dt or 4 ∫ ( 5 − v(t ) )dt (other forms)
0 0


16 2
 2
 16
  2
 8
  2

=∫  −(t − 8) 3 + 9 −  (t − 8) 3 + 1  dt or 2 ∫  5 −  (t − 8) 3 + 1  dt or 4 ∫  5 −  (t − 8) 3 + 1  dt
     
0   0   0  
16 16
 2
  2
 8
 2

= ∫  −2(t − 8) 3 + 8  dt or 2 ∫  4 − (t − 8) 3  dt or 4 ∫  4 − (t − 8) 3 dt 1A
0  0  0 

Question 7
a.

Pr ( R | W )
Pr ( R ∩ W )
=
Pr (W )
0.2 × 0.1
= 1M
0.2 × 0.1 + 0.8 × 0.8
0.02
=
0.02 + 0.64

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 2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 7

0.02 1
= = 1A
0.66 33

 3
 5 t 0 ≤ t ≤1

 3e
b. f (t )  e − t 1 < t < ∞
=
5
 0 t<0


1
3  1
Pr (T ≤ 1) =∫  t 2  dt
5 0 
1
3 2 3
= × t 2 
5 3  0
3 2
= × (1 − 0 )
5 3
2
= 1M Show that
5

1 m
3  12  3 1
c. ∫ t
 
5 0 
dt + e
5 1 ∫ ( e − t ) dt =
2
m
3 1 2 1
e ∫ ( e − t ) dt = − = 1M
5 1 2 5 10
3 m 1
− e e − t  =
5 1 10
1
e − m − e −1 = − 1M
6e
5
e− m =
6e
 5  5 6
m= − log e   = 1 − log e   =
1 + log e   1A (any form)
 6e  6 5
OR
∞
3 1
e ∫ ( e − t ) dt = 1M
5 m 2
3 ∞ 1
− e e − t  =
5 m 2
5
e −∞ − e − m = − 1M
6e
5
−e − m = −
6e
 5  5 6
m= − log e   = 1 − log e   =
1 + log e   1A (any form)
 6e  6 5

Question 8
g ( x) a log 2 ( x + b ) , g (2) = 6 , g (6) = 9
=

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2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 8

a log 2 ( 2 + b ) =
6 …(1)
a log 2 ( 6 + b ) =
9 …(2)
(2) ÷ (1)
log 2 ( 6 + b ) 3
= 1M
log 2 ( 2 + b ) 2
3
log 2 ( 6=
+ b) log 2 ( 2 + b )
2
3
6 + b = (2 + b)2 1M
Square both sides
(6 + b) =( 2 + b )
2 3

36 + 12b + b 2 =b3 + 6b 2 + 12b + 8

b3 + 5b 2 − 28 = 0
When b = 2 , b + 5b 2 − 28 =8 + 20 − 28 =0
3

(b − 2)(b 2 + 7b + 14) =
0
b 2 + 7b + 14 =
0
∆ = 49 − 56 = −7 , no real solution
b=2 1A
a log 2 ( 2 + 2 ) =
6
2a = 6
a=3 1H

Question 9
1
a. h : ( −∞, a ) → R, h( x) =
( x − a)2
1
Let y =
( x − a)2
Inverse swap x and y
1
x=
( y − a)2
1
( y − a)2 =
x
1 1
y=
− +a, y ≠ + a as the domain of h is (−∞, a )
x x
1
h −1 ( x) =
− +a 1A
x

b. The graphs will touch along the line y = x .

The gradient equals 1.

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 2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 9

−2
h′( x)
= = 1 1M
( x − a )3
−2 = ( x − a )3
x= −2 + a
3

1
h −1′=
( x) = 3
1
2x 2

2
 1 3
x= 
2
2
 1 3
3
−2 + a =  1M
2
2 1
−
a 2
= 3
+ 23
2
1
1 23
= 2
+2 × 3
2
23
2 3

1 2
= 2
+ 2
23
23
3
= 2
1A
2 3

OR
The point of intersection is at ( 3
)
−2 + a, 3 −2 + a .
1
Substitute into h( x) = .
( x − a)2
1
3
−2 + a =3 1M
( −2 + a − a ) 2
1
3
−2 + a =3
( −2) 2

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 2023 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 Solutions 10

1
=a 2
− 3 −2
( −2)
3

1
1
= 2
+ 23
23
2
1
1 23
= 2
+2 × 3
2
2 3
23
1 2
= 2
+ 2
2 3
23
3 3
= 2
or 1
1A
2 3
4 3

END OF SOLUTIONS

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