SVKM’s NarseeMonjee Institute of Management Studies

Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering

Tutorial No.4

Based on Limit and continuity &partial derivatives

Limits and continuity

Evaluate the following

x3 − y 3
1) lim
( x , y )→(0,0) x − y

Ans:0
x sin y
2) lim
( x , y )→(2,0) x 2 + 1

Ans: 0

x− y+2 x −2 y
3) lim
( x , y ) →(0,0) x− y
Ans: 2

Determine the existence of following limits

x y3
4) lim
( x , y ) →(0,0) x 2 + y 6

Ans: Does not exist

y
5) lim
( x , y ) → (1,0) x + y − 1

Ans: Does not exist

x3
6)Show that a function defines as f ( x, y ) = when (x,y) ≠ (0,0)
x3 + y 2 − 2 x
andf(0,0)=0 is not continuous at (0,0).

7) Is the following function continuous

2 xy
f ( x, y ) = 2 if ( x, y ) ≠ (0, 0)
i) x + y2
=0 ( x, y ) = (0, 0)
Ans: Discontinuous

xy
f ( x, y ) = if ( x, y ) ≠ (0, 0)
ii) x2 + y2
=0 ( x, y ) = (0, 0)
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Ans: continuous

x3 − y 3
f ( x, y ) = if ( x, y ) ≠ (0, 0)
iii)v) x− y
=0 ( x, y ) = (0, 0)
Ans: continuous

x2 y
f ( x, y ) = if ( x, y ) ≠ (0, 0)
iv) x2 + y 2
=0 ( x, y ) = (0, 0)
Ans: continuous

Tutorial 5
Based on Partial Differentiation

∂ 2u ∂ 2u
1. If log ( x + y ) = u , Prove that
2 2
= .
∂x∂y ∂y∂x
2
2 2  ∂z ∂z   ∂z ∂z 
2. If z ( x + y ) = x + y , prove that  −  = 4 1 − −  .
 ∂x ∂y   ∂x ∂y 
3. If u = 3( ax + by + cz ) 2 − ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) and a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1 then prove that
∂ 2u ∂ 2 u ∂ 2u
+ + = 0.
∂x 2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2
3
∂2 z 2
2 ∂ z
4. If z = tan( y + ax) + ( y − ax) 2
then prove that = a .
∂x 2 ∂y 2
∂2 z ∂2 z ∂2 z
5. If z = xf ( x + y ) + yg ( x + y ) then prove that − 2 + =0.
∂x 2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2
∂u ∂u ∂u
6. If u = log ( tan x + tan y + tan z ) , prove that sin 2 x + sin 2 y + sin 2 z = 2.
∂x ∂y ∂z
7. If u = log ( x 3 + y 3 − x 2 y − xy 2 ) then prove that

∂u ∂u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u −4
i) x + y = 3 ii) 2 + 2 + 2 = 2
.
∂x ∂y ∂x ∂x∂y ∂y ( x + y)
8. If u = Ae−gx sin(nt − gx) where A, g, n, a are constants satisfies the equation

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∂u ∂ 2u n
= a 2 2 then, show that ag = .
∂t ∂x 2

9. If x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ then prove that

2
∂x ∂r ∂x ∂θ  ∂x ∂y 
i) = ii) = r2 iii)  x + y  = x 2 + y 2
∂r ∂x ∂θ ∂x  ∂r ∂r 

∂ 2θ ∂ 2θ
10. If x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ then prove that + =0.
∂x 2 ∂y 2

∂ 2 r ∂ 2 r 1  ∂r   ∂r  
2 2

11. If x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ then prove that + =   +   .

∂x 2 ∂y 2 r  ∂x   ∂y  

 y ∂u ∂u
12. If u = xyf   then prove that x +y = 2u .
x ∂x ∂y
1 2 2 2 ∂ 2u ∂ 2 u ∂ 2u
13. If = x + y + z then prove that + + = 0.
u2 ∂x 2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2
∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u
14. If u = f (r 2 ) , r 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 then prove that
∂x 2
∂y ∂z
( ) ( )
+ 2 + 2 = 4r 2 f '' r 2 + 6 f ' r 2

2 2 2 ∂ 2u ∂ 2u 1
15. If u = f ( r ) , r = x + y , prove that 2
+ 2 = f ''(r ) + f '(r ) .
∂x ∂y r

∂u ∂u ∂u
16. If u = f ( x − y , y − z , z − x ) then prove that + + = 0.
∂x ∂y ∂z
 y−x z−x 2 ∂u ∂u ∂u
17. If u = f  ,  then prove that x + y2 + z2 = 0.
 xy xz  ∂x ∂y ∂z
x y z ∂u ∂u ∂u
18. If u = f  , ,  , prove that x +y +z =0.
 y z x ∂x ∂y ∂z
19. If x = eu sec v , y = eu tan v , z = f ( x, y ) .Prove that
 
2 2 2 2
 ∂z   ∂z  −2u  ∂z  2  ∂z 
    − = e   − cos v   .
 ∂x   ∂y   ∂u   ∂v  
2 ∂z ∂z  ∂z ∂z 
20. If x 2 = au + bv , y = au − bv , z = f ( x, y ) .Prove that x + y = 2 u +v .
∂x ∂y  ∂u ∂v 

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2 2 2 2
 ∂u   ∂u   ∂u  1  ∂u 
21. If u = f ( x, y ) , x = r cosθ , y = r sin θ then prove that   +   =   + 2   .
 ∂x   ∂y   ∂r  r  ∂θ 
1 ∂u 1 ∂u 1 ∂u
22. If u = f ( x n − y n , y n − z n , z n − x n ) then prove that n −1 + n −1 + n−1 =0
x ∂x y ∂y z ∂z

Tutorial No.6
Based on Maxima, minima and saddle points& Method of Lagrange multipliers

1. Find the maximum and minimum values of   + 3  − 3  − 3  + 4.

[Ans: Max=4 at (0, 0), Min=0 at (2, 0), saddle points are (1, 1) & (1, -1)]
2. Find all stationary values of  + 3  − 15  − 15  + 72.
[Ans: Min=108 at (6, 0), Max=108 at (4, 0) and saddle points are (5, 1) & (5, -1)]
 
3. Show that the minimum value of  =  +   +  is 3 .

4. A rectangular box with open top has volume V. Find the dimensions of the box requiring
least material. [Ans: x=y=2z]
5. Find the maximum volume of the parallelepiped inscribed in the ellipsoid
x2 y2 z2 8abc  a b c 
+ + = 1. {Answer: Max volume is at  , , }
a2 b2 c2 3 3  3 3 3
6. Find the maximum volume of a parallelepiped inscribed in a sphere   +   +   =  .

[Ans: √]

7. Find the maximum and minimum values of the function ,  = 3 + 4 on the circle
  +   = 1 using the method of Lagrange’s Multiplier.
[Ans: Min= -5 and Max=5]
8. If  =   +   +  with the condition ∅ ≡   + "  − " = 0, prove that the
stationary values of u are given by 4(u-a) (u-b) = ab.
9. Find the maximum and minimum distances of the point (3, 4, 12) from the sphere   +
  +   = 1. [Ans: Min=12 and Max=14]
10. Using Lagrange Multipliers Method, find the minimum value of   +   +   subject to
the condition  =  . [Ans: Minimum Value= 3 ]
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Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering

11. Find a point on the plane  + 2 + 3 = 13 nearest to the point (1, 1, 1) using the method
of Lagrangemultipliers.[Ans: 3/2, 2, 5/2]

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