MOWA ZALEŻNA

1. Mowy zależnej używamy, kiedy chcemy przekazać czyjąś wypowiedź, jednak nie
cytując dokładnie tego, co ktoś powiedział.
Mum: I cook dinners. → My mum said that she cooked dinners.
Tom: I love computers. → Tom said that he loved computers.

2. Jedna bardzo ważna zasada w mowie zależnej jest to, że cofamy się o jeden czas do
tyłu, czyli:
PRESENT SIMPLE → PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS → PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT → PAST PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE → PAST PERFECT
WILL → WOULD
CAN → COULD

3. Typowe słówka:
said
+ that
told
asked (używamy do pytań) → + if lub whether

4. Niektóre słówka też muszę ulec zmianie:

today → that day
tonight → that night
now → then
last → the previous
ago → before
tomorrow → the next/following day
here → there
this → that
these → those
Tom: ‘I love Mery’

Tom said (that) he loved Mary.

Mark: ‘I won’

Mark said (that) he had won.

Mike: ‘I will be happy’

Mark said he would be happy.

Ex. 1 Cofnij podane zdania.

1. We learn English.
2. She swam in the ocean.
3. They are working.
4. He was sleeping.
5. I have written this book.
6. They had come.
7. She will win.
8. Do you speak English?
9. Did they go to the cinema?
10. Are we going?
11. Where does he relax?
12. Why were they singing?
13. When was she doing the shopping?
14. We aren't eating.
15. He hasn't drunk water.
Ex. 2 Zamień podane zdania na mowę zależną. Wykorzystaj w tym celu czasowniki SAID
oraz TOLD.

I. Mary: 'I eat bananas every day'.

II. TOM: 'My dad loves fast cars'.
III. Jane: 'I told the truth'.
IV. Tim: 'I have lost my smartphone'.
V. Mike: 'I will be a firefighter.
VI. Jason: 'She can dance'.
VII. Kate: 'I didn't eat breakfast today'.
VIII. Ted: 'I haven't been to London'.
IX. Michael: 'I don't love you'.
X. George: 'Cats are very intelligent'.
XI. Kirk: 'I have seen this film'.
XII. Jake: 'I won't help you'.
XIII. Agnes: 'We aren't working now'.
XIV. My students: 'We like online classes'.
XV. My teacher: 'I really like my students'.