NATIONAL CRIME REPORT BUREAU

The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) in India collects and publishes data on various
aspects of crime and criminal justice in the country. The number of acquittals in criminal
cases can be influenced by a variety of factors.
Here are some common reasons for a higher number of acquittals:
1. Insufficient evidence: In many cases, the prosecution may fail to provide enough
evidence to prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt. In such
instances, the court may acquit the defendant due to lack of evidence.

2. False or fabricated evidence: If evidence is found to be false or fabricated, it can

lead to acquittals. The court may find that the evidence presented by the prosecution is
unreliable and not credible.

3. Mistaken identity: In some cases, witnesses or victims may mistakenly identify the
wrong person as the perpetrator. This can lead to wrongful accusations and
subsequent acquittals.

4. Procedural lapses: If there are errors or irregularities in the legal procedures

followed during the investigation, arrest, or trial, it can result in acquittals. Procedural
lapses can include violations of the accused person's rights or failure to follow due
process.
 5. Inadequate legal representation: Defendants who do not have access to competent
legal representation may be at a disadvantage during the trial. A lack of effective legal
defense can lead to wrongful convictions, but it can also result in acquittals when the
court recognizes the lack of a fair trial.

6. Incomplete or biased investigations: If the police or investigative authorities

conduct biased or incomplete investigations, it can result in acquittals. For example, if
the police focus on a single suspect and do not explore other leads, it may lead to
wrongful arrests and subsequent acquittals.

7. Witness hostility or intimidation: Witnesses may become hostile or may be

intimidated or coerced, leading them to change their testimony or not cooperate with
the prosecution. This can weaken the case against the accused and lead to acquittals.

8. Legal loopholes: In some cases, legal technicalities or loopholes may work in favor
of the accused, resulting in acquittals. This can include issues related to the
admissibility of evidence or procedural rules.

9. False or forced confessions: In some cases, individuals may provide false

confessions due to pressure, coercion, or duress. If these confessions are later found to
be unreliable, it can lead to acquittals.

It's important to note that a higher number of acquittals doesn't necessarily indicate a problem
with the legal system. Acquittals are a fundamental aspect of the justice system, reflecting the
principle that individuals are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable
doubt. However, an excessive number of acquittals can also be a sign of weaknesses in the
investigation and prosecution processes, as well as potential flaws in the legal system. Efforts
to improve the quality of investigations, protect the rights of the accused, and ensure a fair
and efficient judicial process can help address some of these issues.