Principles

and Theories
of Motivation

by teacher rhiz
November 26, 2023
Principles and Theories of Motivation

Why is motivation important in the

teaching-learning process?

Objective:
• Demonstrate knowledge and grasp an understanding
of the classroom implications of the various
principles and theories of motivation
Principles and Theories of Motivation

Every individual regardless of age carries with him or

her a certain degree of motivation to do things.

Motivation
✓ is a desire, need, or want that generates
energy vital for the person to act or behave
in a particular way within a specific context.
✓ Defined as an innate characteristic that
releases one’s creative capabilities and
abilities.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
.:. This means that when you have a goal to achieve,
you are motivated to act on it, and the positive
outcome of your action brings you satisfaction and
happiness.
On the other hand, when you are faced with
challenges, you are motivated to overcome them.
.:.The successful outcome of your behavior boosts
your self-esteem and enhances your self-confidence.

*If and when things do not materialize the way you want them to, your
motivation tells you to keep going until you reach your end goal.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
Types of Motivation
✓ Extrinsic Motivation
• driven by the anticipation and expectation of some
kind of payoff from an external force.
• E.g. Learners work hard to win their parents’ favor, gain
teachers’ praise, or earn high grades. The reasons for learning
reside primarily outside themselves.
✓ Intrinsic Motivation
• driven by one’s own goals or ambitions.
• E.g. Learners study because they enjoy the subject and desire
to learn it, irrespective of the praise received or grades
earned. The reasons for learning reside primarily inside themselves.
 Principles and Theories of Motivation
Principles of Motivation that teachers can use to allow
active participation of learners and to keep them on track with
the lesson:
1. The environment can be used to focus the learners’
attention.
2. Incentives motivate learning.
3. Internal motivation is longer lasting and more self-
directive than external motivation.
4. Learning is most effective when learners are ready to
learn.
5. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which the
instructional material is organized.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
Principles of Motivation
1. Incentives motivate learning. Teachers can
modify the classroom environment by displaying
learners’ output or posting relevant and up-to-
date information to motivate the learners to
do more.
2. Internal motivation is longer lasting and more
self-directive than external motivation.
Teachers should be generous enough to give
any kind of reward that motivates learners to
do their best.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
3. Internal motivation is longer lasting and more
self-directive than external motivation. Teachers
should motivate learners to be more intrinsically
motivated rather than extrinsically motivated.
4. Learning is most effective when learners are
ready to learn. Anchored on the law of readiness, it
has been proven that readiness affects learning and
the performance of the learners.
5. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which the
instructional material is organized. Organize
learning materials well so that learners can follow.
 Principles and Theories of Motivation

Theories of Motivation to enhance the teaching and

learning process.
1. Drive Theory (Clark Hull)
2. Self-efficacy (Albert Bandura)
3.Self-determination (Edward L. Deci & Richard M. Ryan)
4. Theory of Achievement Motivation (John William Atkinson)
5.Attribution Theory (Bernard Weiner)
6.Control (Choice) Theory (William Glasser)
Principles and Theories of Motivation
Theories of Motivation
1. Drive Theory (Clark Hull)
– explains that drives occur
because of the stimulation of
a need. Need is a
physiological deficiency that
creates a condition of
disequilibrium in the body.
Drives involve physiological
survival needs such as
hunger, thirst, sleep, pain,
warmth, touch, and sex.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
2. Self-efficacy (Albert Bandura) – focuses
on the belief that individuals have the
capabilities to perform a series of actions
needed to manage budding situations.
*Efficacy is the power to produce an effect (in essence of
competence), while self-efficacy is the belief (whether or
not accurate) that one has the power to produce that
effect.
*Efficacy relates to a person’s perception of his or her
ability to reach a goal, while self-esteem realters to a
person’s sense of self-worth.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
How does self-efficacy develop?
Principles and Theories of Motivation
3. Self-determination (Edward L. Deci & Richard M. Ryan) –
This theory recognizes the strength that
comes from the sense of autonomy in making
choices on the things that he or she does.
 Principles and Theories of Motivation
4.Theory of Achievement
Motivation (John William
Atkinson).
This theory is associated with
expectancies and values. The
learners must believe that they
can accomplish a task; that is,
they should have an
expectancy about what they
want to achieve and place
importance or value in what
they are doing.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
5. Attribution Theory
(Bernard Weiner). This
theory describes people’s
various explanations for
success and failures that
match things like luck,
mood, effort, health,
strengths and weaknesses
of his/her opponents,
climate, his/her friends,
etc., notwithstanding their
own capabilities for their
own successes and failures.
Principles and Theories of Motivation
6. Control (Choice)
Theory (William Glasser).
This theory explains that Basic Needs:
behavior is motivated by
what a person needs at any
• Fun
given time. Individuals are • Freedom
motivated and make choices • Love and Belongingness
according to the basic • Power
needs that come from
• Survival
within. The needs drive
one’s choices and influence
how one those choices.
Principles and Theories of Motivation

Techniques in motivating learners

1. Challenge them.
2. Build on strengths first.
3. Offer choices.
4. Provide a secure environment.
5. Give bite-size tasks.
6. Self-evaluation.
7. Provide frequent positive feedback.
Understanding Learner-Centered Teaching

Reflect
Why is motivation
important in the teaching-
learning process?
Principles and Theories of Motivation

Sustain https://jamboard.google.com/d/1TCdn9Dy4i43e9ZKU
mndgfSxPt_JItXFUUsEjhGTxOhU/edit?usp=sharing
Principles and Theories of Motivation

Sustain https://jamboard.google.com/d/1TCdn9Dy4i43e9ZKUmndgfSx
Pt_JItXFUUsEjhGTxOhU/edit?usp=sharing
Principles and Theories of Motivation
https://jamboard.google.com/d/1TCdn9Dy4i43e9ZKUmndgfSx

Sustain
Pt_JItXFUUsEjhGTxOhU/edit?usp=sharing
by teacher rhiz
November 26, 2023