Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF PAMPANGA

MATHEMATICS 9
WEEK 2

Joint and Combined

 TITLE CARD
1. Illustrates situations that involve joint and combined
variations.
2.Translates into variation statement a relationship involving joint
and combined variations between two quantities given
mathematical equation, and vice versa.
2.Solve problems involving joint and combined variations.
“Avengers: The Six Infinity Stones”
Brother, have you ever
heard that father is Yeah, But he insist that we
willing to give the Space must prove that we are
Stone? worthy for us to have it

Really? Are you

willing to help me
get that stone Yes, but first you must
before Thanos will promise not to betray
me again, and help me
answer all the questions
father wants us to
answer.

GUIDE CARD
Learning objectives:
1. define joint and combined variation ;
2. identify and describe the kind of relationship existing
between the two quantities that involve joint and
combined variations;
3. translate statements that involve joint and combined
variations to a mathematical equation, and vice versa;
4. Solve problems involving joint andNocombined variation.
problem Loki. We will just have to
learn how to translate variation
Brother, what are we between two quantities ,given a
going to do now? What table of values, graph and vice versa.
are the tasks father want
us to accomplish. Please
teach me I have no idea..
We will ask for Hulk’s
help. I heard that he
knows everything about
Variation. He learned it
from Ancient One.

Joint variation is a variation where a quantity varies directly as the

product of two or more other quantities. The statement a varies
jointly as b and c means y = kxz, where k is the constant of variation
That is:
Increase in one quantity causes an increase in the other quantity
Decrease in one quantity causes a decrease in the other quantity

Combined variation is a combination of direct, inverse,

and joint variation. The statement “y varies directly as x and inversely
𝒌𝒙
as z” means y= 𝒛 , where k is the constant of variation.

So excited to learn more

and gain more power like
these…so that I can Resistance
have the Time Stone from
to mind
Ancient One..
control

Super
Strength

Able to
Immunity
sense astral
to disease
form
and virus

To illustrate the joint variation

remember the The statement a varies
jointly as b and c means y = kxz.
You have to learn also how to
translate joint variation in
mathematical phrases
Look at the following examples:

1. N varies jointly as R and T. Answer: N=kRT

2. The area of a triangle varies jointly as the base and the height.
Answer: A=kBH

3. The volume of a circular cone varies jointly as its height and the
radius of its base. Answer: V=khr²

4. The pressure of the gas varies jointly as its density and its absolute
temperature. Answer: P=kDT
5. Area of a triangle is an example of joint variation. Here the constant
is 1. Area of a triangle varies jointly with base 'b' and height 'h
6. Area of a rectangle = L x W represents joint variation. Here the
constant is 1. Area of a rectangle varies jointly with length 'l' and
width 'w'.
Here is another example: If y varies jointly as x and z, and y = 12 when x =
9 and z = 3, find z when y = 6 and x = 15.

Step 1: Write the correct

equation. Joint variation
problems are solved using the
equation y = kxz.

Step 2: Use the information

given in the problem to find the
value of k. In this case, you
need to find k when y = 12, x =
9, and z = 3.

Step 3: Rewrite the equation

from step 1 substituting in the
value of k found in step 2.

Step 4: Use the equation found

in step 3 and the remaining
information given in the
problem to answer the question
asked. In this case, you need to
find z when y = 6 and x = 15.

COMBINED VARIATION

And lastly you also have

to illustrate and translate
the combined variation.

Many situations involve more than one

type of variation. Combined variation
is a combination of direct, inverse, and
joint variation. For example, the sales
of a product may be directly
proportional to the amount of money
spent on advertising the product, but
inversely proportional to the price of
the product.
Example: Illustrate and Translate combined variation in mathematical
sentences.

1. R varies directly as T and inversely as W. Answer: R=kT

W
2. T varies directly as the square of V and inversely as Z. Answer: T=kV²
Z

3. The pressure P of a gas varies directly as its temperature t and

inversely as its volume V. Answer: P=kt
V
4. The acceleration A of a moving object varies directly as the
distance d it travels and varies inversely as the square of the time t it
travels.
Answer: A=kd
t²

Solved Example on Combined Variation

If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 24 when x = 48 and z = 4,

find x when y = 44 and z = 6.

Step 1: Write the correct

equation. Combined variation
problems are solved using a
combination of variation
equations. In this case we will
combine the direct and inverse
variation equations.

Step 2: Use the information given in

the problem to find the value of k.
In this case, you need to find k
when x = 48, y = 24, and z = 4.

Step 3: Rewrite the equation from

step 1 substituting in the value of k
found in step 2.

Step 4: Use the equation found in

step 3 and the remaining
information given in the problem to
answer the question asked. In this
case, you need to find x when y =
44 and z = 6.

Are you ready now for

the Problem Solving ?

Whoa! I’m eager

to learn more
brother.We’re
almost there.

Let’s go Loki..For the

Space Stone!!!
 Solving Problem

Example The volume of a cone varies jointly as its height and the square
of its radius. A cone with a radius of 6 inches and a height of 10 inches has
a volume of 120π cubic inches. Find the volume of a cone having a radius
of 15 inches and a height of 7 inches.

Step 1: Write the correct equation. Joint

variation problems are solved using the
equation y = kxz. In this case, you should use
v, h, and r instead of x, y, and z and notice
how the word “square” changes the
equation.

Step 2: Use the information given in the

problem to find the value of k. In this case,
you need to find k when v = 120π, h = 10, and
r = 6.

Step 3: Rewrite the equation from step 1

substituting in the value of k found in step 2.

Step 4: Use the equation found in step 3 and

the remaining information given in the
problem to answer the question asked. In this
case, you need to find v when h = 7 and r =
15.

I’m so glad that Well, it’s easy.

you’ve changed just follow the
a lot brother!! steps..Let’s have
now the next
variations
brother…

Solving Problem

Example. The number of minutes needed to solve an exercise set of

variation problems varies directly as the number of problems and inversely
as the number of people working on the solutions. It takes 4 people 36
minutes to solve 18 problems. How many minutes will it take 6 people to
solve 42 problems.
 Step 1: Write the correct
equation. Combined variation
problems are solved using a
combination of variation
equations. In this case we will
combine the direct and inverse
variation equations and use m,
p for problems, and w for
working instead of x, y, and z.

Step 2: Use the information

given in the problem to find the
value of k. In this case, you
need to find k when m = 36, p =
18, and w = 4.

Step 3: Rewrite the equation

from step 1 substituting in the
value of k found in step 2.

Step 4: Use the equation found

in step 3 and the remaining
information given in the
problem to answer the question
asked. In this case, you need to
find m when p = 42 and p = 6.

Hey Loki!!We’ve Yeah! And we’re so Brother let’s go! We

heard that you and excited to work on have to study now for
Thor are doing well it with my brother the activities.
in Variations? Thor.

Hulk, thank you for your help.

Hope me and Thor can You can make it Loki. Just
answer these easily.. don’t forget the steps and be
aware in solving problems.
And your father said that he will hand
over the Space Stone to you and Thor If
you can answer all the next activities
prepared by Hulk for you to answer
 ACTIVITY CARD
Translate the statements into
What am I? mathematical equations using k as
the constant of variation. Write your
answer on the space provided
before the number.

___________1. A varies directly as b and inversely as c

___________2. W varies jointly as c and the square of x and inversely as y.
___________3. P varies directly as the square of x and inversely as s.
___________4. The acceleration A of a moving object varies directly as the
distance d it travels and inversely as the square of the time t it travels.
___________5. The pressure P of a gas varies directly as its temperature t and
inversely as its volume V.

Answer the following items by putting

a color to the puzzle where the answer is
located. Use the color indicated in each
number.

MAKE IT COLORFUL!

If r varies directly as s and inversly as t, r=27,

when s=18 and t=2 find:

Red 1. r when t=3 and s=27

Blue 2. s when t=2 and r=3
Green 3. t when r=1 and s=6
Yellow 4. r when s=4 and t=2
Violet 5. s when t=5 and r=6

Answer the following and reveal the secret code.

If p varies directly as the cube of q, and p = 26 when q = 2,

find p when q = 5.

If p varies directly as the square of q, and p = 20 when q = 5, find p

when q = 8.
 If r varies inversely as the cube of s, and r = 5 when s = 3, find r when
s = 2.

If p varies jointly as q and r squared, and p = 225 when q = 4 and r = 3,

find p when q = 6 and r = 8.

If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 22 when

x = 4 and z = 6, find y when x = 10 and z = 25.

z varies jointly with x and y. If x=3,y=8, and z=6, find the variation
equation. Then, find z when x=−2 and y=10.
135 2400 66 -5 1625 66 45
8 5 4 5 2

Good job Thor! You’ve made

the first task. Tell Loki to get
ready for the next task.
Thank you Hulk. I know Loki is
ready for the second task. We
owe it to you..

ASSESSMENT CARD
We’re almost there
brother. We just
have to answer this
A final phase and
finally we can have
that space stone.

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1.Which of the following equations does not model direct variation?

a. y+x=0 b. y-1=3x c.x/y + 2=1 d.y/x -6=-5

2.Find the constant of variation shown in the table.

a 10 7 5.5 1.5
b 50 35 27.5 6.5
b
𝑘𝑥 𝑚
3.In the equation 𝑧 = ,𝑦 ≠ 0⬚ what varies inversely as z?
𝑦𝑛

a. k b. x c. n d. y

4. P is inversely proportional to x, and P=9 when x=4. Find P when x=12.

a. 1/3 b. 3 c. 9 d. 27

5. Suppose z varies directly as y and inversely as x, and z=12 when x=8

and y=24.What is x/y when z=16?
a. 1/2 b. 1/4 c. 2 d. 4
 I feel so great that me and
Thor had learned variations
and learned to help each
other. Help us to to do this
final task.

Solve for the problem and show the behavior of the variables of the given problem
through graph together with the table of values.

1, .If a varies jointly as b and c and inversely as the square of d,and a =

120 when b = 5, c = 2, and d = 9, find a when b = 12, c = 9 and d = 9.

2. . Kinetic energy varies jointly as the mass and the square of the velocity.
A mass of 8 grams and a velocity of 5 centimetres per second has a kinetic
energy of 100 ergs. Find the equation of this given problem.
Brother, look. Father gave
me space stone. He said that
I’m now trustworthy. Thanks
to you brother.

Glad to hear that brother,

Congratulations! Keep up
your good deeds. Let’s go
. and let’s help others.

ENRICHMENT CARD MATH PENNANTS

BANDARITAS

Solve the problem involving combined variation. Write your

step by step solution on the bandaritas.

.
The current I varies directly as the electromotive force E and inversely
as the resistance R. If in a system a current of 20 amperes flows through a
resistance of 20 ohms with an electromotive force of 100 volts, find the
current that 150 volts will send through the system.

Substituting the Perform the Find the

Formula given indicated operation current

1 2 3 4
 Good job Loki.
We’re done with
the four activities.
Thank you brother
for trusting me. I
know father will be
so proud of us.

ANSWER KEY
ACTIVITY CARD

𝑘𝑏 AVENGER
1. 𝐴 = 2 3
𝑐
𝑘𝑐𝑥 2
2. 𝑊 = 𝑦
𝑘𝑥 2
3. 𝑃 = 𝑠
𝑘𝑑
4. 𝐴 = 𝑡2
𝑘𝑡
5. 𝑃 = 𝑉

ASSESSMENT CARD

b. y-1=3x c. 5 d. y b. 3 b. 1/4

1. a=1296 2. e = ½ mv2

ENRICHMENT CARD

REFERENCE CARD
 E-Math 9 Revised Edition
 Next Century Mathematics for Grade 9
 https://www.mesacc.edu/~scotz47781/mat120/notes/variation/joint/joint.html
 https://www.mesacc.edu/~scotz47781/mat120/notes/variation/direct/direct.html
 https://www.mesacc.edu/~scotz47781/mat120/notes/variation/inverse/inverse_practic
e.html
 http://www.mesacc.edu/~scotz47781/mat120/notes/variation/combined/combined.
html
 https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/direct-variation/
 https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/inverse-variation/
 https://www.shelovesmath.com/algebra/beginning-algebra/direct-inverse-and-joint-
variation/
 https://www.mathworksheets4kids.com/direct-inverse-variation/complete-1.pdf
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=thor+and+loki+scenes&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&v
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