ENGINEERING

GEOLOGY
Engr. CSC
What is engineering?

Engineering is the art or science of

making practical application of knowledge
of pure sciences, as physics or chemistry,
as in the constructions of engines,
bridges, mines, ships and chemical plants.
(dictionary.com)
What is geology?
What is geology?
gê + -logía = geology

Geology is the study of the Earth, the materials of

which it is made, the structure of those materials, and
the processes acting upon them.
ENGINEERING
+
GEOLOGY = ?
Engineering Geology
Engineering Geology is the application of the
geology to engineering study for the purpose of
assuring that the geological factors regarding
location, design, construction, operation and
maintenance

of engineering works are recognized and accounted

for.
BRANCHES OF
GEOLOGY
 CHRONOLOGY

TECTONICS

NATURAL RESOURCES
GEOLOGY
SEDIMENTOLOGY

TOPOGRAPHY

ASTROGEOLOGY
CHRONOLOGY
CHRONOLOGY
>Studying layers of
rock as it relates to
geologic time.
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Geochronology - field of scientific
investigation concerned with determining
the age and history of Earth’s rocks and rock
assemblages.
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Paleoseismology- is the study of
prehistoric earthquakes as preserved in
the geologic record.
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Magnetostratigraphy- the description,
correlation, and dating of rock sequences by
means of magnetic parameters
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Paleontology- study of ancient life;
ancient life preserved as fossils.
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Stratigraphy- scientific discipline
concerned with the description of rock
successions and their interpretation in
terms of a general time scale.
 CHRONOLOGY

Stratigraphy
 CHRONOLOGY
Terms
Micropaleontology- branch of
paleontology dealing with fossils that,
owing to their small size, must be studied
with a microscope.
TECTONICS
 TECTONICS
> Scientific study of the deformation of
rocks that make up the Earth’s crust
and the forces that produce such
deformation.
 TECTONICS
Volcanology – studies how and where
volcanoes and related phenomena (lava,
magma) erupt and form (past and present).
 TECTONICS
Volcanology
 TECTONICS
SEISMOLOGY – studies how
seismic waves travel through and
around the Earth from earthquakes.
 TECTONICS
NEOTECTONICS – concerned with the
study of horizontal and vertical crustal
movements that have occurred in the
geologically recent past and which may be
ongoing today.
 TECTONICS
TECTONOPHYSICS – a branch of
geophysics that studies the
physical processes that underlie
tectonic deformation
 TECTONICS
SEISMOTECTONICS – studies the
relationship between earthquakes, faults,
and tectonic processes. It incorporates
information from various disciplines
including seismology, geodesy, and
geology.
NATURAL RESOURCES
NATURAL RESOURCES
 NATURAL RESOURCES
PETROLOGY – how types of rocks (igneous,
metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology)
form in their specific environment.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
MINERALOGY – studies how chemical and
crystalline structures in minerals are composed.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
GEMOLOGY – how natural and artificial gems are
identified and evaluated
 NATURAL RESOURCES
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY – studies how atoms
are arranged and bonded in crystalline solids.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
SOIL SCIENCE – studies how soils relate as
a natural resource including their formation
factors, classification, physical, chemical and
fertility properties.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
PEDOLOGY – studies how soils are classified
based on their biological, physical and
chemical properties.

EDAPHOLOGY – studies how soils influence

plant growth and living things.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
AGRONOMY/AGROLOGY – studies how the field of
agriculture involves science such as crop production,
biotechnology and soil science.

HYDROGEOLOGY – studies how groundwater is

transported and is distributed in the soil, rock and
Earth’s crust.

POMOLOGY – studies how fruits grow and are

cultivated.
SEDIMENTOLOGY
 SEDIMENTOLOGY
GLACIOLOGY – is the study of snow and ice and
their physical properties.
 SEDIMENTOLOGY
HYDROGEOLOGY – is defined as the science of
the occurrence, distribution, and movement of
water below the Earth’s surface.
 SEDIMENTOLOGY
LITHOLOGY – is the general
characteristics of sediments, rocks, and
rock types present in a stratigraphic
division of earth
 SEDIMENTOLOGY
SURFICIAL GEOLOGY – refers to the
study of landforms and the unconsolidated
sediments that lie beneath them
 SEDIMENTOLOGY
BEDROCK GEOLOGY – deals with the
Earth's change over time and the various
geological processes that have resulted in
the current distribution of rocks on the
Earth's surface and deep below.
TOPOGRAPHY
 TOPOGRAPHY
OROGRAPHY – a branch of physical geography
that deals with mountains
 TOPOGRAPHY
GEOMORPHOLOGY – is the study of
landforms, their processes, form and
sediments at the surface of the Earth (and
sometimes on other planets).
 TOPOGRAPHY
HYPSOMETRY – describes the distribution of
elevation of land with respect to sea level
within an area of interest, with positive values
being above sea level and negative values
below sea level.
 TOPOGRAPHY
GEOGRAPHY – is the study of places and
the relationships between people and their
environments
ASTROGEOLOGY