WORHSHEET NO : 1(16th AUGUST)

HYDROLOGY INTRODUCTION

1) What is scientic hydrology and engineering hydrology?

2) What is the total water present on earth is called?

3) What is the total amount of water present on globe?

4) Draw the schematic diagram of hydrological cycle?

 WORK SHEET NO:2(17th Aug)

PRECIPITATION

What is precipitation?

Different forms of precipitation:

i. Drizzle

ii. Snow

iii. Glaze

iv. Hail

What is conventional rainfall?

What is corollas affect?

What is cyclone and anti-cyclone?

What is frontal precipitation?

What is orographic precipitation?

Device used to measure rainfall is ______________________

Types of rain-gauges with examples:

i. Non-recording rain gauge

ii. Recording rain gauge

i. Tipping bucket

ii. Weighing type rain gauge

iii. Floating bucket

What is equation for number of rain gauges required?

Different methods for calculating missing rainfall:

i. Arithmetic or station year method

ii. Normal ratio method

Complete the following:

i. Intensity of rainfall

ii. Hyetograph

iii. Mass curve

 iv. Double mass curve

v. Depth-area-duration curve

Deficiency in moisture in Drought condition

percentage
< 25%

25 – 50%

>50%

Methods for calculating mean/average precipitation:

i. Average/arithmetic method

ii. Theissen polygon method

iii. Isohyet method

Following these methods which method is more accurate?

 WORK SHEET NO:3

FREQUENCY

What is return period?

Complete the following:

i. Probability of occurrence in this year =

ii. Probability of not occurrence q =

iii. Probability of occurring r times in n years =

iv. Probability of occurring at least once in n years =

v. Probability of occurring r times successively =

vi. Probability of occurring r times successively in n years =

What is Weibull’s method?

What is Gumbel’s method?

What is risk probability?

Complete the following:

i. Design flood

ii. Standard maximum flood

iii. Probable maximum

iv. Standard project flood is approximately _________________of probable

maximum flood
 WORK SHEET NO:4

EVAPORATION

What is evaporation?

Equipment used to find transpiration___________________

Equipment used to find evapotranspiration____________________---

Complete the following:

i. Actual vapour pressure

ii. Saturation vapour pressure

iii. Humidity

iv. Relative humidity

What are the factors effecting evaporation?

What is rate of evaporation?

Methods to calculate evaporation rate:

i. Water budget

ii. Mass (vapour) transfer method

iii. Energy budget

What is latent heat?

iv. Pan co-efficient method

 Type of pan Co-efficient range
US – class A
ISI
Darood sunken
UGS floating
Class A modified for
Indian

v. Corl rohwers formula

vi. Meyers formula

vii. Penman formula

What are the methods to control evaporation?

Location of evapotranspiration:

i. Arid region –
ii. Humid region –

iii. Cold region –

What is artificial rain?

What is iso-pluvial lines and isopleth lines?

 WORK SHEET NO:5

INFILTRATION

What is infiltration?

The equipment used to measure infiltration is ______________________-

What is isopotal lines?

What is Horton’s infiltration equation?

Infiltration capacity of soil decreases _________________-with respect to time

Area of hydrograph gives ________________-

Area of Horton’s curve gives __________________________-

Write the procedure for calculating capacity of infiltration or maximum average

infiltration or infiltration capacity:

i. Ø – index
 ii. W – index

What are the factors affecting infiltration?

 WORK SHEET NO:6

HYDROGRAPH

What is hydrograph? What do we get from hydrograph?

Types of streams:

i. Influent

ii. Effluent

iii. Interflow

iv. Ephermal

v. Perennial

vi. Virgin flow

Compete the following:

i. Overland flow

ii. Concentrated flow

iii. Channel flow

What is runoff?

What is Overland flow time?

What is time of concentration?

Kirpich time of concentration, tc =

What is flood hydrograph? Draw the schematic diagram of flood hydrograph?

Complete the following:

i. Rising limb or concentration limb

ii. Recession limb or falling limb

iii. Inflation point

iv. Concave point

 v. Base time

vi. Basin lag time

Difference between flood hydrograph and direct runoff hydrograph?

What are the factors affecting hydrograph?

What is basin or watershed? Its characteristics?

i. Form factor =

ii. Compactness co-efficient =

iii. Elongation =

iv. Circulation ratio =

What is flow duration curve?

What are the uses of flow duration curve?

What is unit hydrograph? What is basic principle of unit hydrograph?

What is effective rainfall?

In unit hydrograph, unit represents ______________________

What are the assumptions of unit hydrograph?

What are the methods for deriving hydrographs of different durations?

i. Super position
 ii. S – curve technique

Intensity =

Peak discharge =

What is S – curve?

What is instantaneous unit hydrograph?

What is synthetic unit hydrograph?

Basin lag time =

Modified basin lag time =

What are the methods to find peak discharge?

i. Rational method

Applicable when duration of rainfall is ____________________

Applicable for catchment area _______________

 ii. Dickens formula

iii. Ryve’s formula

iv. Inglis formula

Complete the following:

i. Isohyet

ii. Isopluvial

iii. Isopleth

iv. Isopotal

v. Isochrone
 WORK SHEET NO:7

FLOOD ROUTING
What is flood routing?

What is controlled discharge and uncontrolled discharge?

Complete the following:

i. Flood wave

ii. Flood routing

iii. Lumpsum routing

iv. Distributed routing

What are the advantages of flood routing?

Reservoir routing:

What is reservoir routing?

What is rating curve?

What are the methods of reservoir routing?

i. Inflow outflow storage routing

ii. Modified plus method

What is linear reservoir?

Peak of the outflow hydrograph is on _____________________________--

Channel routing:

What is channel routing?

What are the methods of channel routing?

i. Muskimgham method

C0 =
 C1 =

C2 =

What is storage coefficient? Its units?

Dimensionless weightage constant x range is ________________--

What are the different hydrographs of channel routing?

Time of flood travel is greater than time of redistribution is called __________________

Controlled discharge:

What is detention?

Basic equation of flood routing through a reservoir can be modified for discrete successive intervals
is ______________________
 WORK SHEET NO:8

RIVER/STREAM GAUGING
What is river gauging?

What are the methods to find discharge of flowing river:

i. Float gauging

ii. Moving boat method

iii. Current meter technique

iv. Dilution gauging

v. Two-point method or velocity rod method

 vi. Staging method

What is float gauge recorder?

In flood routing the point of intersection of inflow and outflow hydrograph coincides with the peak
of outflow hydrograph, it happens when?
WORK SHEET NO:9
WELL HYDRAULICS
Draw the schematic diagram of zones of saturation?

What is aquifer?

What is confined and unconfined aquifers?

What is perched aquifer?

What is piezometric surface?

What is isopiestic lines?

What are the types of wells:

i. Flowing or springs

ii. Artesian well

iii. Open well

iv. Shallow well

 v. Deep well

vi. Tube well

What is water table?

What is cavity type well?

What is radial flow?

Difference between skimming wells and multiple well pressure systems:

Skimming well Multiple well pressure systems

What is slotted type tube well?

Complete the following:

i. Specific yield or storage coefficient

ii. Specific retention

iii. Specific capacity

What is Darcy’s law?

What is intrinsic permeability?

Flow through unconfined aquifer:

Dupuit equation

Radius of influence = ______________

Discharge Q =
Flow through confined aquifer:

Thiem’s equation,

discharge Q =

What is transmissibility? And its units?

What is interference of wells?

Complete the following:

i. Aquitard

ii. Aquiclude

iii. Aquifuge

iv. Aquifer
Finding the yield capacity of well:

i. Constant head test

ii. Recuperation test

Specific capacity = __________________-

Specific capacity decreases with ________________-