Bituminuous Mix

(Campuran Beraspal)
Dr. Ir. Jongga Jihanny, ST., MT.

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Bituminuous Mix (campuran
beraspal)
1. Campuran aggregat dengan gradasi tertentu
2. Asphalt dengan kadar tertentu
3. Memenuhi kinerja yang diharapkan
4. Sesuai dengan spesifikasi

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Bituminuous Mix Types
n Temperature Mix Condition
n Hot Mix
n Warm Mix
n Cold Mix
n Aggregate Gradation :
n Asphaltic Concrete à dense graded
n Hot Rolled Asphalt à gap graded
n Stone Mastic Asphalt à coarse graded + selulosa
n Porous Asphalt à open graded
n HSMA à high stiffness modulus asphalt (low pen bitumen)

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Tebal Nominal Minimum
Campuran Beraspal

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Aggregate Types
n Coarse Aggregate, grain size more than
sieve No.8 (2.36 mm)
n Fine Aggregate, grain size less than sieve
No.8
n Filler, fine aggregate which passes in sieve
No.30 (0.6 mm)

Based on Asphalt Institute (MS-2) and Depkimpraswil

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Type of Aggregate Gradation
n Well/Dense Graded, agregat yang ukuran butirnya terdistribusi
merata dalam satu rentang ukuran butir.
n Coarse graded, dominan agregat kasar
n Fine graded, dominan agregat halus
n Poor Graded, agregat yang ukuran butirnya tidak terdistribusi
merata dalam satu rentang ukuran butir.
n Uniformly graded, contains most of the particles in a very narrow
size range
n Gap graded, contains only a small percentage of aggregate
particles in the mid-size range
n Open graded, contains only a small percentage of aggregate
particles in the small range

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AC & HRA GRADATION
The Shell Bitumen Handbook

100

90

80

70
H R A 30/14 surf
P ercentage passing

60

50
A C 32 D BM50
base
40

30

20

10

0
0.063 0.63 6.3
Sieve siz e: mm

Figure 11.2 Grading envelopes for a continuously graded asphalt (AC32 DBM50 base) and
a gap graded asphalt (HRA 30/14 surf)

categorised as ‘continuously graded’ (i.e. asphalt concretes (previously called

‘bitumen macadams’)). Where the grading was discontinuous, the material 9
was categorised as ‘gap graded’ (i.e. hot rolled asphalts). An example of
Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 1a
1a. Gradasi Menerus (skematis)
Proporsi

Grafik
Komulatif

Ukuran
Butir
Grafik Ilustrasi Setting

- Prinsip Interlocking
- Sifat Kaku
- Kebutuhan Aspal Sedang
Ilustrasi Gradasi
Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 1b
1b. Gradasi Menerus (ilustrasi visual)

Potongan campuran Bentuk Briket Marshall

Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 2a
2a. Gradasi Senjang (skematis)
Proporsi

Grafik
Komulatif

Ukuran
Butir
Grafik Ukuran Ilustrasi Setting
yang
hilang

- Prinsip Suspensi Mortar

- Sifat Lentur
- Kebutuhan Aspal Tinggi
Ilustrasi Gradasi
Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 2b
2b. Gradasi Senjang (ilustrasi visual)

Potongan campuran Bentuk Briket Marshall

Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 3a
3a. Gradasi Seragam (skematis)
Proporsi

Grafik
Komulatif

Ukuran
Butir
Grafik Ilustrasi Setting
Dominasi
Ukuran

- Prinsip Max Tekstur

Makro
- Sifat Kasar
Ilustrasi Gradasi
- Kebutuhan Aspal Khusus
Gradasi vs Sifat Perkerasan 3a
3b. Gradasi Seragam (ilustrasi visual)

Permukaan campuran Bentuk Briket Marshall

Spesifikasi Aspal Keras

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Spesifikasi Aggregat Kasar dan
Agregat Halus

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Amplop Gradasi (Spek.Umum BM
2010)

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Spesifikasi Latasir

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Spesifikasi Lataston

Kadar aspal efektif campuran didefinisikan sebagai kadar aspal total dikurangi aspal yang diserap 20
agregat kasar dan halus
Spesifikasi Laston (SU 2010 Rev 3)

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Spesifikasi Laston Mod.

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Blending Aggregates
n Mencampur beberapa fraksi aggregat untuk
menghasilkan spesifikasi campuran yang
diinginkan.
n Blending Methode :
n Metoda Analitis
n Metoda Grafis

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Aggregate Types
n Coarse Aggregate, grain size more than
sieve No.8 (2.36 mm)
n Fine Aggregate, grain size less than sieve
No.8
n Filler, fine aggregate which passes in sieve
No.30 (0.6 mm)

Based on Asphalt Institute (MS-2) and Depkimpraswil

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Blending Aggregates
n Mencampur beberapa fraksi aggregat untuk
menghasilkan spesifikasi campuran yang
diinginkan.
n Blending Methode :
n Metoda Analitis
n Metoda Grafis

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Aggregate Types
n Coarse Aggregate, grain size more than
sieve No.8 (2.36 mm)
n Fine Aggregate, grain size less than sieve
No.8
n Filler, fine aggregate which passes in sieve
No.30 (0.6 mm)

Based on Asphalt Institute (MS-2) and Depkimpraswil

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Mix Design

Copyright© 2009 - ESH

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Bituminuous Mix (campuran
beraspal)
n Campuran aggregat dengan gradasi tertentu
n Asphalt dengan kadar tertentu
n Memenuhi kinerja yang diharapkan
n Sesuai dengan spesifikasi

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Bituminuous Mix Performance
n Stability
n Durability
n Flexibility
n Skid Resistance
n Impermeability
n Workability
n Fatique resistance
n Permanent deformation resistance
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Metode Marshall (Mencari kadar
aspal)
1. Pengujian Marshall
1. Stability
2. Flow
2. Sifat Volumetrik
1. Density
2. VMA
3. VIM
4. VFA

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Pengujian Marshall

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Bagan Alir Metoda Marshall
Perkiraan Kadar Aspal Awal

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Sifat Volumetrik
n Specific Gravity (Berat Jenis)
n VMA : Voids in Mineral Aggregate
n VIM : Void in Mix
n VFA : Void filled with Asphalt

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The Shell Bitumen Handbook

Va Air M air
V ma
Vb V fa Bitumen Mb M be
V ba Absorbed bitumen

V mb M mix
V mm
V se V sb
Aggregate M agg

V ma = volume of voids in mineral aggregate M mix = total mass of asphalt mixture

V mb = bulk volume of compact mix M b = mass of asphalt binder
V mm = voidless volume of paving mix M be = mass of effective asphalt binder
V fa = volume of voids filled with asphalt M agg = mass of aggregate
V a = volume of air voids M air = mass of air = 0
V b = volume of asphalt binder
V ba = volume of absorbed asphalt binder
V sb = volume of mineral aggregate (by bulk specific gravity
V se = volume of mineral aggregate (by effective specific gravity)

Figure 12.2 Symbols for constituents in an asphalt 44

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Persamaan Volumetrik dan Berat Jenis

Gb=Berat jenis aspal

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Hasil Perhitungan

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Percentage Refusal Density (PRD)
n Parameter VIM yang yang didapat dari prosedur
pemadatan mutlak (BS 594 1994) dari satu kadar
aspal pada VIM 6% (Pemadatan Marshal Biasa) dan
dua kadar aspal terdekat yang memberikan VIM
diatas dan dibawah 6% dengan perbedaan kadar
aspal masing-masing 0.5%. Masing-masing sample
dibuat dua buah.
n Hasil Pengujian VIM PRD kemudian disatukan
kedalam grafik hubungan antara VIM Marshal
dengan kadar aspal. Perbedaan nilai VIM Marshal
dengan VIM PRD tidak boleh lebih besar dari 3.

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 10 10

9 8

Flow: 0.25 mm
8 6

VIM: %
7 4

6 2

5 5
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
Bitumen content: % Bitumen content: %

100 2.440

80
2.420

G mb : g/cc
60

V F B: %
40
2.400
20

0 2.380
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
Bitumen content: % Bitumen content: %

16 12

15 11

Stability: kN
VMA: %

14 10

13 9

12 8
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
Bitumen content: % Bitumen content: %

Figure 12.10 Typical plots from a Marshall volumetric analysis

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Aspal Mixing Plant
n https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VZD0Y
6GM10

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