Exercises

Exercise 1
1. A lot is made of 30 books and – among them – 6 have a binding defect. Assuming that a
sample of 10 books is randomly selected for a quality control, what is the probability to
select 3 defective books?
2. In a manufacturing system, the percentage of defective items is 10%. A sample, made of 12
items, is randomly selected from the daily production. Calculate the sample probability to
include:
 0, 1 or 2 defective items;
 at least 2 defective items;
 at most 2 defective items;
 4 defective items exactly.

Exercise 2
The distribution of a test answering time (X) is approximately normal: X ~ N(  min,
min). Calculate the probability of X to be included between 30 and 40 minutes.

Exercise 3
8 high school students attend a 100 meters athletics race. Their race times are 14.2 - 12.1 - 11.8 -
13.1 - 15.2 - 12.0 - 16.1 and 13.7 seconds. Assuming the distribution of the times to be normal,
calculate the 99% confidence interval including the average race time.

Exercise 4
The life of car gearboxes is a quality characteristic supposed to be normally distributed, with  =
44800 km (null hypothesis). A sample of 200 car gearboxes is selected from the population. If the
sample average life is 44500 km, should the null hypothesis be rejected? Consider a 5% type I error
( risk) and assume that  3250 km.
Exercise 5
The perimeter of a rectangle is determined measuring its dimensions (x and y). These dimensions
are independently measured, using two different gauges.

Perimeter is calculated using the following formula:

P = 2·x + 2·y

Supposing:

Calculate the perimeter average value ( ) and standard deviation ( ).

Exercise 6
The speed of sound (s) can be estimated measuring the time-of-flight (t) of an ultrasonic signal
transmitted by a source device (A) to a destination device (B). The distance (d) between the two
devices is measured using a rule.

Supposing the speed of sound to be constant in the environment, the following formula is used:

Supposing:

Calculate the speed of sound average value ( ) and standard deviation ( ).