INTRODUCTION: ART & YOU - Regulated body movements

- Ballet, Pop Jazz, Hiphop

c. Theater
What is Art? - Combination of visual and
- A manifestation or usage of various creative performing arts
disciplines
- A creation of something
- From human creativity and skills
Why create are?
1. Recognition
- Extension of self: thoughts, desires,
2. Worship
emotions, etc.
3. Impulse
- A communication
- Examples is hieroglyphics, which is 4. Self-expression
the concept of traffics signs and
symbols
FILIPINO ART TENDENCIES
Contemporary Art
- Art of the now: produced after independence
Filipino Art Tendencies
a. Contemporary Dance - The inclination of Filipino artists when
b. Techno Music bringing an art
c. Installation Art
(1) Broadest Aspect Technique
- What should be, rather than what is seen
Art Forms - So much details, close to reality
- There are two forms of art: Visual &
Performing
(2) Multiple Focal Point
- The usage of varied and multiple focal points
(1) Visual Arts
- To show the sentiments of different societies
- Appreciated through the use of sight
- Each character or subject is manifested
a. Fine Arts
- Only applicable to subjects that are people,
- values appearance than
community
practicality
- Graphic Art
b. Decorative Art
(3) Highly Expressive
- Beauty with a purpose and - Filipinos are emotional, spontaneous
- Advantage: projecting real emotions, such as
functionality
sympathy
c. Contemporary Art Form
- Disadvantage: emotional in judgment
- Visual art that is unusual in it
- Facial expressions, gestures, color tones
form
and shades, manipulation of lighting
- Land Art, Conceptual Art

(4) Polychromatic
(2) Performing Arts
- Usage of many colors
- Maximizes body movements
- E.g. festivals: costumes, props
a. Music
- Manipulation of sound and
(5) Maximalism
silence
- Art Music, Traditional or Folk - More of a mindset
Dance, Pop Music - Spaces are boring; fill out spaces or
emphasizing subjects
b. Dance - Expressiveness
 - E.g. murals - Most common theme, Spanish era;
visible in church’s murals and social
(6) Multifunctional commentaries
- Art with multi purposes b. Historical
- Social influences - Manifesting the struggle,
development, and improvement of
(7) Rhythmic Pattern people in history
- Seen in indigenous arts, dancing, music, etc. c. Portraiture
- Patterns and forms - Used to commemorate personalities,
and are see in many formal
institutions such as government
FILIPINO VISUAL ARTISTRY offices
d. Still Life
FINE ARTS - Portrays inanimate objects.
Three major work of fine arts in the Philippines: Traditionally composed of a basket or
a. Paintings bowl of fruits and flowers of vases on
b. Sculptures the table
c. Drawings e. Landscapes
- Depicts the beauty of outdoors like
(1) Painting and Illustrations natural environment or the country-
- Two-dimensional artistic expression on a flat side and sceneries: cityscapes,
surface seascapes
- Created out of pigments with the use of f. Nudes
typical tools - Expresses the beauty and boldness
- Common media include oil, acrylic, of the human body
watercolor, pastel, ink g. Genres
- Introduced during the Spanish era, - Showcases the people’s activities
techniques are influenced by European and chores. Manifest different social
traditions classes and attire of the different
- Contemporary art began to emerge during habitants of the country at the time
the American period
- Two independences: 1898 & 1946 (2) Sculpture
- Three dimensional
Influences of Painting Themes - Created by subtracting (carving) or adding
a. Classical (molding, welding, casting) materials
- Renaissance era, subjects are - Carving: decorative art techniques with
portrayed with fine details, bodies are multifunctional purposes; canoes, boats,
muscular doors, chairs
b. Realism - Two known forms: bas relief and high relief
- What the artist sees, realistic
c. Idealism Bas Relief
d. Abstraction - Called as "low relief"
- Abstract, message in the form of - Slightly protruding from the background
different colors and shapes - Not much emphasized because of the
protrusion
Painting Themes
High Relief
a. Religious
- Image tends to separate from the
background
 - Much clearer to low reliefs
- Prominently raised against their background
- More dimensionality
Free Standing Sculptures
- Doesn't have a background
- Stand by their own
Holograms
- Contemporary art forms of sculpture
- Mobile and three dimensional
DECORATIVE ARTS
- Oldest form of art in the country
- Pottery, carving, weaving, metal works
(1) Pottery
- Made out of mud or clay
- Making pots and other wares
- Used for food containers (natural cooler) and
water vessels, some are used for ritual
purposes (burial)
- Studio pottery: contemporary pottery,
handmade ceramic ware which are sought
by collectors
(2) Weaving
- Produced by interlacing threads or fibers to
create textile, fabric, or other similar products
- Common raw materials are pineapples
leaves, abaca, maguey, and cotton
- Basket weaving: bukag, wall weaving:
amakan, mat weaving: banig, fan weaving
(3) Carving
- Not limited to sculpting
- Done by manipulating and creating objects
by subtracting and shaping solid materials
such as wood and stones
- Creating canoes, boats, doors, chairs, etc.
(4) Metalwork
- Produced by manipulating metal into various
items
- Jewelries, weapons
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
- Collage, assemblage, mobile, performance
art, installation, digital
(1) Collage
- Combining printed images with other flat
media and pasted on a canvas or board
- Revolutionized by Picasso
- Exhibits a variety of texture and color
(2) Assemblage
- Like a collage but not a collage
- Made up of varied materials: paper collages,
wood scraps, and other found objects
- Can’t be classified as a painting or a
sculpture
- Term "assemblage" first use by John
Dubuffet
(3) Mobile
- Suspending art, suspending from the ceiling
or a protruding base
- Made with a number of balancing rods
dangling in different lengths carrying one or
more elements
(4) Performance Art
- Not moving, but posing only
- Similar to paint me a picture
- Mix of visual and performing arts
- Medium is themselves, the artwork is the
acting and movement of the artist
(5) Installation Art
- Artwork in a given space
- Associated with conceptual art and dada
movement
(6) Digital Art
- Uses digital technology as part of the
creation process
 PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY - Intended for Christian church
services
PERFORMING ARTS 6. Chamber Music
- A form of musical composed by a
PERFORMING ARTS small ensemble wherein each part is
- Maximizes the artist's voice, gestures, facial played by one player and is usually
expressions, movements to communicate performed by a group of three to eight
artistic expression musicians
- Types: - Performed in a small room for private
a. Music people
b. Dance 7. Opera
c. Theater - A combination of both music and
theater
- Based on classic music
MUSIC
- Respecting the original composer
- Universal form of art
8. Popular Music
- Manipulation of sound and silence
- “Pop Music”
- Performed by utilizing different instruments,
- Used to describe music that is readily
vocal techniques, and art styles
available to the general public or
- Either performed live or recorded
broad populace
- An umbrella term that encompasses
Three Periods of Music
a multitude of different genres such
1. Pre-Colonial: imitations of nature, chants, as RnB, Rap, Rock, Hiphop, etc.
instrumentals such as gongs, 9. Protest Songs
2. Spanish: religious music, used in churches - Songs that bring light to injustices
celebrations and inequalities in the society
3. American: pop, classic; introduced - These seek to inspire nationalism
instruments like piano or violin and heroism to the listeners

Common Musical Forms DANCE

1. Kundiman - Regulated and deliberated order of bodily
- Is an art song that signifies love and movements
affection for someone - Movements have aesthetic value and are
2. Harana often performed with music accompaniment
- A traditional courtship ritual in the
Philippines wherein a suitor
Development of Dances
serenades his object of affection
1. Pre-Colonial: tribal dances of ifugao,
3. Ballad
sinulog, tinkling, paglalatik - reflects the
- Traditionally a song that narrates an
community beliefs
event in a community BUT in the
2. Spanish: Adapted some indigenous dances
modern times, the term ballad has
and christianize them, brought social dances
been applied to describe love songs
from europe; e.g. carinosa,
4. Choral Music
3. American: Varied social dances, like sway,
- A musical composition intended to be
boogie; the afro cuban dances like tango,
performed by a group of singers
cha cha, rumba
called a choir
4. Early 20th Century: ballet, contemporary
- Voice categories such as soprano,
dance, etc.
alto, tenor, and bass
5. Liturgical Music
Common Form of Dances i. Opera: focused and devoted
1. Aerobic Dance to classical music; dialogues
- A dance routine made into an are sang; dialogues are sung/
exercise program acting out the scene while
- Usually accompanied by upbeat pop singing
music ii. Broadway Theater
- E.g. zumba
2. Folk Dance Periods in Philippine Theater
- Performed by different indigenous 1. Pre-Colonial: rituals
people 2. Spanish: religious; christianity >
- Highly influenced of the culture of that evangelization; e.g. senakulo - narrates the
group passion and death of Christ
- It changes from region to region 3. American: genres and forms of theatrical
- Often performed during rituals, performance; e.g. bodabil
festivals and other community
celebrations Contemporary Theater Forms
3. Street Dance 1. Stage Show or Bodabil
- Dance form that began in urban open - A theatrical presentation of various
spaces such as parks, streets, etc. acts and performances
- E.g. budots, krumping - These performances include:
4. Ballet comedy skits, circus acts, musical
- A dance and a theater art and dance numbers, acrobatics,
- It is a style and dance technique magic shows and the like
which follows strict set of moves and 2. Children’s Theater
performance - Plays that are either performed by
- Extension of body parts, posture children or by adults for children
5. Ballroom Dance - The primary audience are children
- A partnership dance where couples, - Intended to educate, inspire and
using step patterns, move encourage creativity and value
rhythmically, expressing the formation
characteristics of music - E.g. Mga Kwento ni Lola Basyang,
- Two styles: Wansapanataym
a. Smooth, or Standard 3. Melodrama
b. Rhythm, or Latin - A nonmusical play that is intended to
6. Contemporary Dance Form elicit tears and emotional attachment
- Combination of hip hop, ballet, and to the characters
ballroom in one - Main characters of the melodramas
- E.g. pop jazz - contemporary form of are often victims of tragedies who
ballroom dancing suffer cruelty from the people around
7. Hiphop them but in the end, will rise
8. Modern Ethnic Dance triumphantly.
- Combination of hip hop and folk 4. Tula-Dula or Poem-Play
- Developed by UP in the 1970s
THEATER - Minimalist in attack wherein a poem
- Considered as an ultimate art because it is dramatized by a narrator who
combines dancing, acting, and singing recites the piece while two or three
- Types: actors provide the movement and the
a. Play sound effects
b. Musical 5. Musical Theater
 - Plays in which music is an essential
part of the production
- Some dialogues are spoken,
accompanied with dancing
- E.g. Ang Huling El Bimbo
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
ARTIST AWARD
National Artist Award
- A National Artist is a Filipino citizen who has
been given the rank and title of National Artist
in recognition of his or her significant
contributions to the development of
Philippine arts and letters
The Order of National Artists
- Presidential Proclamation No. 1001, s.1972
- “Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng
Sining”
- The highest national recognition given to
Filipino individuals who have made
significant contributions to the development
of Philippine arts, namely:
a. Music
b. Dance
c. Theater
d. Visual Arts
e. Literature
f. Film
g. Broadcast Arts
h. Architecture and Allied Arts
- This order is jointly administered by the
National Commission for Culture and the
Arts (NCAA) and the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP)
- This order is conferred by the President of
the Philippines upon recommendation by
both institutions
- These are artists who have promoted Filipino
- cultural identity and dignity through art.
The Insignia of the National Artist
- The Insignia of the Order of the National
Artist is composed of a Grand Collar
featuring circular links portraying the arts,
and an eight-pointed conventionalized
sunburst suspended from a Sampaguita
wreath in green and white enamel
- The central badge is a medallion divided into
three equal portions: red, white, and blue,
recalling the Philippine flag, with three
stylized letter Ks – the “KKK” stands for the
CCP’s motto: “Katotohanan, Kabutihan, at
Kagandahan”, coined by then first lady Mrs.
Imelda Romualdez Marcos, the CCP’s
founder
- The composition of the Grand Collar is silver
gilt bronze
Honors and Privileges of the Order
of the National Artists
a. The rank and title of National Artist, as
proclaimed by the President of the
Philippines
b. The Insignia of a National Artist and a citation
c. Lifetime emolument and material and
physical benefits comparable in value to
those who received by the highest officers of
the land such as:
i. Cash award of P100,000 net of taxes,
for living awardees
ii. Cash award of P75,000 net of taxes,
for posthumous awardees, payable
to legal heir/s
iii. Monthly life pension
iv. Medical and hospitalization benefits
v. Life insurance coverage for those
who are still insurable
vi. State funeral and burial at the
Libingan ng mga Bayani (Heroes’
Cemetery)
vii. A place of honor, in line with
protocolar precedence, at national
state functions, and recognition at
cultural events
Criteria for the Order of the
National Artists
1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the
time of nomination, as well as those who died
after the establishment of the award in 1972
but were Filipino citizens at the time of their
death
2. Artists who, through the content and form of
their works, have contributed in building a
Filipino sense of nationhood
3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of
creative expression or style, thus earning
distinction and making an impact on
succeeding generations of artists
4. Artists who have created a substantial and
significant body of work and/or consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their
art form thus enriching artistic expression or
style
5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through:
a. Prestigious national and/or
international recognition, such as the
Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, CCP
Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA
Alab ng Haraya
b. Critical acclaim and/or reviews of
their works
c. Respect and esteem from peers
VISAYAN NATIONAL ARTISTS
(1) NAPOLEON ABUEVA
- Sculpture, 1976
- January 26, 1930 – February 16, 2018
- Born in Bohol
- The Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture
- Helped shaped the local sculpture scene to
what it is now
- Utilized almost all kinds of materials from
hardwood (molave, acacia, langka wood, ipil,
kamagong, palm wood, and bamboo) to
adobe, metal, stainless steel, cement,
marble, bronze, iron, alabaster, coral, and
brass
- In 1951, he introduced “Buoyant Sculpture”
- Sculpture meant to be appreciated
from the surface of a placid pool
- Sculpture suspensions
- In the ‘80s, he put up a one-man show at the
Philippine Center New York
- His works have been installed in different
museums here and abroad, such as “The
Sculpture” at the United Nations
headquarters in New York City
- Some of his major works include:
a. Kaganapan (1953)
b. Kiss of Judas (1955)
c. Thirty Pieces of Silver (1979)
d. The Transfiguration (1979) at the
Eternal Garden Memorial Park
e. UP Gateway (1967)
f. Nine Muses (1994) at the UP Faculty
Center
- “Siyam na Diwata ng Sining”
- Example of Buoyant
Sculpture
g. Sunburst (1994) at the Peninsula
Manila Hotel
h. The bronze figure of Teodoro M
Kalaw in front of National Library
i. Murals in Marble at the National
Heroes Shrine at Mt. Samat, Bataan
j. Sandugo – made of brass
k. Three Dancers
(2) LEANDRO V. LOCSIN
- Architecture, 1990
- August 15, 1928 – November 15, 1994
- Born in Silay City, Negros Occidental
- Reshaped the urban landscape with a
distinctive architecture reflective of Philippine
Art and Culture
- Believes that the true Philippine Architecture
is the “product of two great streams of
culture, the oriental and the occidental.. to
produce a new object of profound harmony”
- It is the synthesis that underlies all his works,
with his achievements in concrete reflecting
his mastery of space and scale
- Every building is original, and identifiable
with themes of floating volume, the duality of
light and heavy, buoyant and massive
running in his major works
- From 1955 to 1994, he produced:
a. 75 residences
 b. 88 buildings: 11 churches and
chapels, 23 public buildings, 48
commercial buildings, 6 major hotels
c. An airport terminal and building
- Largest single work he created is the Istana
Nurul Iman
- The palace of Brunei’s Sultan
- Floor area of 2.2 million square feet
- Equivalent to the Malacañang Palace
- An example of buoyant architecture
- He also designed the CCP Complex, all five
building designed by him:
a. The Cultural Center of the Philippines
b. Folk Arts Theater
- Example of light and heavy
structure, suspension in
buoyant style
- The roof looks heavy and is
supported by a smaller
foundation, looks as if the roof
floats above the ground
c. Philippine International Convention
Center
d. Philcite
e. The Westin Hotel, now called as
Sofitel Philippine Plaza
- Common in his designs, the building’s wall is
somehow suspended – created gaps in
between, to look like a portion of a building is
suspending from a different part of the
building
(3) J. ELIZALDE NAVARRO
- Visual Arts, 1999
- May 12 1924 – June 10, 1999
- Jeremias Elizalde Navarro, born in Antique
- A proficient painter and sculptor
- Works were featured in journals
- Works are not exclusive to fine arts, but still
under visual arts
- Visual artwork spanned 40 years of drawing,
printmaking, graphic designing, painting, and
sculpting
- Worked as an illustrationist in one of the
comics in the past
- Masks carved in hardwood merge the human
and the animal; painting consists of abstracts
and figures in oil and watercolor
- His assemblages fuse found objects and
metal parts
- A navarro sampler includes his ‘50s and ‘60s
fiction illustrations for “This Week of the
Manila Chronicle”, and the rotund, India-ink
figurative drawing for Lydia Arguilla’s story
book, “Juan Tamad”
- Three of his major mixed media works:
a. I’m Sorry Jesus, I Can’t Attend
Christmas this Year (1965) found in
Ateneo Art Gallery Collection
- Assemblage
b. Homage to Dodjie Laurel (1969)
found in Ateneo Art Gallery Collection
- Assemblage
c. A Flying Contraption for Mr. Icarus
(1984) found in Lopez Museum
(4) RAMON L. MUZONES
- Literature, 2018
- March 20, 1913 – August 17, 1992
- Hilagaynon poet, essayist, short story writer,
critic, grammarian, editor, lexicographer, and
novelist who authored an unprecedented 61
completed novels
- A number of his works represent
groundbreaking firsts’ in Hiligaynon literature
such as:
a. The feminist, “Ang Bag-ong Maria
Clara”
b. The roman a clef, “Maambong Nga
Sapot” (Magnificent Brute, 1940) – an
irony
c. The comic, “Si Tamblot” (1946)
d. The politically satirical, “Si Tamblot
Kandidato Man” (Tamblot is also a
Candidate, 1949)
e. The 125-installment longest
serialized novel, “Dama de Noche”
(1982 – 1984)
- Hailed by his peers as the longest reigning
among the “Three Kings of the Hiligaynon
Novel”, he brought about its most radical
changes while ushering in modernism
- With a literary career that spanned 53 years
(1938 – 1990), his evolution covers the
whole history of the Hiligaynon novel from its
rise in the 1940s to its decline in the 1970s
- Muzones tried his hand at a variety of types
and proved adept in all as literary fashions
- In the process, he not only extended with
remarkable versatility and inventiveness in
the scope and style of the Hiligaynon novel,
but he also enriched Hiligaynon literature’s
dramatis personae
- Some of his works:
a. Margosatubig
- Used hiligaynon language
(5) LUCRECIA REYES-URTULA
- Dance, 1988
- June 29, 1929 – August 4, 1999
- Choreographer, dance educator, and
researcher
- Spent almost four decades in the discovery
and study of Philippine folk and ethnic
dances
- Applied her findings to project a new
example of an ethnic dance culture that goes
beyond simple preservation and into creative
growth
- A creation of new choreography doesn’t set
a side culture but respects culture of the
people from which that dance created
- Over a period of thirty years choreographed
suites of mountain dances, Spanish-
influenced dances, Muslim pageants and
festivals, regional variations and dances of
the countryside for the Bayanihan Philippine
Dance Company which she was the dance
director
- Among the widely acclaimed dances she had
staged were the following:
a. Singkil – a bayanihan signature
number based on a Maranao epic
poem
b. Vinta – a dance honoring Filipino
sailing prowess; a traditional
Maranao sail boat
c. Tagabili – a tale of tribal conflict
d. Pagdiwata – a four-day harvest
festival condensed into six-minute
breath-taking spectacle
e. Salidsid – a mountain wedding dance
f. Idaw
g. Banga
h. Aries de Verbena
(6) DAISY H. AVELLANA
- Theater, 1999
- January 26, 1917 – May 12, 2013
- Born in Roxas City, Capiz
- Actor, director, and writer
- Elevated legitimate theater and dramatic arts
to a new level by staging and performing in
breakthrough productions of classic Filipino
and foreign plays and encouraging the
establishment of performing groups and the
professionalization of Filipino theater
- Wanted any theater performances to be
available to the general public
- Together with her husband, NA Lamberto
Avellana, and other artists, she co-founded
the Barangay Theatre Guild in 1939 which
paved the way for the popularization of
theatre and dramatic arts in the country,
utilizing radio and television
- Advocated the professional training of
theater artist – one of the intentions of the
establishment of Barangay Theatre Guild
- She starred in play:
a. Othello (1953)
b. Macbeth in Black (1959)
c. Casa de Bernarda Alba (1967)
d. Tatarin
e. Portrait of the Artist as Filipino – She
is best known for her portrayal of
Candida Marasigan in the stage and
film versions of Nick Joaquin’s
Portrait of the Artist as Filipino
- Her directorial credits include:
a. Diego Silang (1968)
b. Walang Sugat (1971)
- Among her screenplays were:
a. Sakay (1939)
b. Portrait of the Artist as Filipino (1955)
(7) JOVITA FUENTES
- Music, 1976
- February 15, 1895 – August 7, 1978
- Born in Roxas City, Capiz
- Portrayal of Cio-cio San in Giacomo
Puccini’s Madame Butterfly at Italy’s Teatro
Municipale di Piacenza – her performance
 was hailed as the “Most Sublime
Interpretation of the Part”
- Happened at a time when the Philippines
and its people were scarcely head of in
Europe
- Taught at the University of the Philippines
Conversatory of Music (1917) before leaving
for Milan in 1924 for further voice studies
- Some of her major works:
a. Cio-Cio-san in Giacomo Puccini’s
Madame Butterfly
b. Liu Yu in Puccini’s Turandot
c. Mimi in Puccini’s La Boheme
(8) EDDIE ROMERO
- Cinema, 2003
- July 7, 1924 – May 28, 2013
- Screenwriter, film director, and producer
- His films:
a. Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo
Ngayon? (1976)
- Directed and written by him
- Set at the turn of the century
during the revolution against
the Spaniards and later, the
American colonizers, follows
a naive peasant through his
leap of faith to become a
member of an imagined
community
b. Aguila (1980)
- Written, produced and
directed by him
- Situates a family’s story
against the backdrop of the
country’s history
c. Kamakalawa (1981)
- Written, produced and
directed by him
- Explores the folkloric of
prehistoric Philippines
d. Banta ng Kahapon (1977)
- Directed by him
- His ‘small’ political film, is set
against the turmoil of the late
1960s, tracing the connection
of the underworld to the
corrupt halls of politics
e. Noli Me Tangere
- His 13-part series
- Brings the national hero’s
polemic novel to a new
generation of viewers
- His concepts, ironically, as stated in the
National Artist citation, “are delivered in an
utterly simple style – minimalist, but never
empty, always calculated, precise and
functional, but never predictable”
(9) RESIL B. MOJARES
- Literature, 2018
- Born in September 4, 1943
- Teacher and scholar, essayist and fictionist,
and cultural and literary historian
- Acknowledged as a leading figure in the
promotion of regional literature and history
- Founding director of the Cebuano Studies
Center – an important research institution
which placed Cebu in the research and
documentation map
- He pioneered Cebuano and national identity
formation
- As leading figure in cultural and literary
history, he networked actively in many
organizations
- For over 50 years, Mojare has published in
diverse form (fiction, essay, journalism,
scholarly articles, and books) across a wide
range of discipline (literature, history
biography, cultural studies, and others)
- 17 published books (3 more in the press) and
edited, co-edited, or co-authored 11 books,
and written numerous articles for popular
and scholarly publications
- Some of his works:
a. House of Memory
b. Waiting for Mariang Makiling
c. The Feast of the Santo Niño
d. The Resil Mojares Reader
(10) FERNANDO AMORSOLO
- Visual Arts, 1972
- May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972
- Known for his technique called “Backlighting”
- Makes images more vivid and the
tiniest details more emphasized
- Outline of the body is visible
 - Inspired by the Philippine sun – “How
would things look at a bright sun?”
- Recognized as the “Grand Old Man of
Philippine Art”
- His paintings are genres, landscapes, and
portraits
- Some of his works:
a. Dalagang Bukid (1937)
b. House on a Lake (1926)
c. The Filipino Family (1952)
d. Planting Rice (1964)
(11) JUAN NAKPIL
- Architecture, 1973
- First national artist in the field of architecture
- He was awarded a year after Amorsolo; part
of 1972’s awarding
- Some of his works:
a. Quiapo Church
b. UPD Administration Building and
Library
c. San Carlos Seminary Theology
House
d. Rizal Shrine
e. Philippine Plaza Hotel
- Dean of Philippine architecture in UP
- Pioneered the idea of Philippine Architecture
- The Philippine Architecture is
characterized by Filipino culture and
artistry
(12) GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
- Sculpture, 1973
- July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976
- A professor in UP fine arts
- Known for his sculptures of historical events
- Retelling historical events and emphasizing
advocacies through sculptures
- Product of the Revival period of Philippine art
- Some of his works:
a. Bonifacio Shrine in Caloocan, City
b. UP Oblation – the original; symbol of
freedom
(13) ANTONIO J. MOLINA
- Music, 19733
- December 26, 1894 – January 29, 1980
- Known for his infusion of European
techniques in Philippine folk music
- Because of him and his colleagues, Nicanor
Abelardo and Francisco Santiago, they were
able to create a quartets of violin but the
rhythm is in a way of folk music
- Part of the Filipino triumvirate (Nicanor
Abelardo and Francisco Santiago) who
elevated music beyond folk music’s realm
- Introduced music techniques like:
- Whole tone scale, pentatonic scale,
exuberance of dominant ninths and
eleventh cords, and linear
counterpoints
- Famous works:
a. Hating-gabi
b. Sa Ugoy ng Duyan
(14) NICK JOAQUIN
- Literature, 1976
- May 4, 1917 – April 29, 2004
- He didn’t like to accept the award because
he didn’t want o be connected with politics
- Most distinguished Filipino writer in English
language
- “Joaquinisque”
- Concept created by his critiques
- Baroque style Spanish-flavored
English and reinventions of English
based on Filipinisms
- Words from his literature is not found
in the english dictionary
- Mixture of filipinism in a way that the
plot doesn’t change – e.g.
“sabotable”
- Reinvention of words based on
Filipinism
- Mixture of Spanish and English
- Revolutionary because most of his works are
focused on the value of women, feminism
- “The Summer Solstice” (1976)
- Manifested the supremacy of women
over men
- Because of fertility, women is more
powerful than men
- Women are meant to be worshiped
- Translated as “Tatarin”
- Which is the name of that
ritual, the ritual of fertility
 - Women gather over a
century-old tree, call spirits
- Performed during summer
solstice
- Some of his other works:
a. The Woman Who Had Two Navels
(1961)
b. A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino
(1966)
c. Cave and Shadows (1983)

(15) SEVERINO MONTANO

- Theater, 2001
- January 3, 1915 – December 12, 1980
- Born in Ilocos Norte
- He professionalized theater
- Advocated the institutionalization of
Philippine theater, and projected the
establishments of the different theaters so
that it may be accessible to the accessible
- Pioneered the Arena Theater which aims at
establishing theaters in order to bring drama
to the masses
- Established graduate programs at PNU
(Philippine Normal University) to train
playwrights, directors, technicians,
designers, and artists in theaters