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ME453 - 1 Intro
ME453 - 1 Intro
1
Course Objectives
2
Instruction Format
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Lecture
Mech Thursday NEB-GF 6.00 – 8.00 p.m.
Auto Thursday NEB-FF2 8.00 – 10.00 a.m.
Marine Thursday NEB-FF2 8.00 – 10.00 a.m.
Practical/Lab Work
Friday
Lab Mech 1.00 – 5.00 p.m.
Auto 10.30 – 12.30
Marine 8.00 – 10.00 a.m.
3
Assessment
4
Class Regulations
No lateness beyond 10 minutes: Student
will be turned out
No mobile phone use in class: the phone
will be confiscated for one week on first
offence and for the semester on second
offence.
5
References
6
Course Schedule
Week Date Topic Note
1 Introduction
2 Hydraulic Fluids
3 Circuit and Symbols
4 Hydraulic and Pneumatic Power Units and symbols
5 Hydraulic and Pneumatic Actuators
6 Hydraulic and Pneumatic Valves
7
8 Other Components of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Mid Sem
systems Exam
9
10 Hydraulic circuit design
12
13 Exam
14
7
15 Exam
Lab Schedule: Mechanical
Hydraulics Pneumatics
Date 1.00 - 3.00 3.00 - 5.00 1.00 - 3.00 3.00 - 5.00
9/2/2024 A B C D
16/2/2024 E F G H
23/2/2024 C D A B
1/3/2024 G H E F
8/3/2024 A B C D
15/3/2024 E F G H
22/3/2024 C D A B
8 29/3/2024 G H E F
Lab Schedule: Marine
Hydraulics Pneumatics
Date 8.00 - 10.00 8.00 - 10.00
9/2/2024 A B
16/2/2024 B A
23/2/2024
1/3/2024
8/3/2024 A B
15/3/2024 B A
22/3/2024
9 29/3/2024
Lab Schedule: Auto
Hydraulics Pneumatics
Date 10:30 – 12:30 10:30 – 12:30
9/2/2024 A B
16/2/2024 B A
23/2/2024
1/3/2024
8/3/2024 A B
15/3/2024 B A
22/3/2024
10 29/3/2024
Assignment 1
11
Introduction
12
Log Splitter
13
Backhoe
Excavator
14
Forklift
15
16
Hydraulic Drill
17 Hydraulic Jack
Sky-tram
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Hydraulic Stacker
Hydraulic Press
20
21
Assignment 2
22
Fluid Power
Technology that deals with generation, control and
transmission of power, using pressurized fluids
Both Hydraulics and Pneumatics are Fluid Power
systems
Hydraulics – when the fluid is liquid (petroleum oils,
synthetic oils and water).
Pneumatics – when the fluid is gas (air - very abundant
and can be readily exhausted into the atmosphere
after completing task)
23
Fluid Power
24
Fluid Power
25
Application of Hydraulics
30
Advantages of Pneumatics
31
Disadvantages of Pneumatics
not capable of heavy work
construction crews rarely fix air leaks
there is a minor loss of energy due to
friction and exhausting
higher operating costs with electric
compressors
32
33
Fluid Power Systems
34
Components of Hydraulic Systems
All industrial hydraulic systems will have:
A fluid, usually oil.
F = P x A, so F = 100 kPa x 20 m²
F = 2000 kN.
37
Example
An actuator is to lift a load of 15kN and is to have a
system pressure of 75 bar. How large does the piston
surface need to be?
Solution:
P = F/A
A = F/P
= 15000N/(75x105 Pa)
= 0.002 m2
38
Basic working principle
Hydraulic systems operate according to
Pascal's Principle - Pressure is transmitted
undiminished in an enclosed static fluid.
Slide-39
F2=10 kN
d2=3 m
d1=0.5 m
S2=0.5m
F1 = ?
S1
S1 = ?
F1/A1 = F2/A2
A1 = 0.1963 m2 W = F.s
A2 = 7.0686 m2 F1s1 = F2s2
F1 = (F2/A2) x A1 0.278 x s1 = 10 x 0.5
= (10 kN / 7.0686 m2) x 0.1963 m2 s1 = 17.986 m
= 0.278 kN
40
Flow
Flow is the movement of a hydraulic fluid caused by a
difference in the pressure at two points.
In a hydraulic system, flow is usually produced by the
action of a hydraulic pump- a device used to
continuously push on a hydraulic fluid.
The two ways of measuring flow are velocity and flow
rate.
Velocity
Velocity is the average speed at which a fluid's particles
move past a given point, measured in meter per second
(m/s). Velocity is an important consideration in sizing
the hydraulic lines that carry a fluid between the
components.
Flow Rate
Flow rate is the measure of how much volume of a liquid
passes a point in a given time.
Flow rate determines the speed at which a load moves
and, therefore, is important when considering power.
Pressure Transfer Medium
Pressure Transfer Medium
There are 2 media types
Liquid
Gas
45
Pressure Transfer Medium
Premature failure of
components.
52
Hydraulic Fluids
53
Hydraulic Fluid Safety