Inglés - 2º Bachillerato

INGLÉS TEMA 5: PASSIVE VOICE AND CAUSATIVE VERBS

THE PASSIVE
Tiempo verbal Activa Pasiva
Present Simple Peter buys a book A book is bought by Peter
Present Continuous Peter is buying a book A book is being bought by Peter
Past Simple Peter bought a book A book was being bought by Peter
Past Continuous Peter was buying a book A book was being bought by Peter
Present Perfect Simple Peter has bought a book A book has been bought by Peter
Past Perfect Simple Peter had bought a book A book had been bought by Peter
Future Simple Peter will buy a book A book will be bought by Peter
Future Perfect Simple Peter will have bought a book A book will have been bought by Peter
Modals Peter should buy a book A book should be bought by Peter
Modal Perfects Peter must have bought a book A book must have been bought
Have to Peter has to buy a book A book has to be bought by Peter
Be going to Peter is going to buy a book A book is going to be bought by Peter

La pasiva se forma con el verbo TO BE + el PARTICIPIO del verbo principal. Para pasar una oración de activa a pasiva:

1. Tomamos el COMPLEMENTO DIRECTO o COMPLEMENTO INDIRECTO de la oración activa y lo situamos como

SUJETO de la oración pasiva. Por lo general utilizaremos el complemento que aparezca primero después del verbo, sea
este directo o indirecto, aunque puede utilizarse otro en casos en los que se quiere enfatizar algo o a alguien. Si el
complemento directo fuera un pronombre objeto (me, you, him…), se convertirá en un pronombre sujeto (I, you, he…)
Nota: esto solo puede hacerse en inglés, en castellano el sujeto de la oración pasiva siempre será el
complemento directo de la oración activa.
My parents gave me two tickets → I…
My parents gave me two tickets → Two tickets …
2. Ponemos el verbo TO BE en el mismo tiempo verbal en que se encontraba el verbo principal de la oración activa.
My parents gave me two tickets → I was…
My parents gave me two tickets → Two tickets were…
3. Añadimos el PARTICIPIO del verbo principal
My parents gave me two tickets → I was given
My parents gave me two tickets → Two tickets were given
4. Si la oración tenía doble complemento (directo e indirecto), añadimos el que no hayamos utilizado como sujeto.
My parents gave me two tickets → I was given two tickets
My parents gave me two tickets → Two tickets were given to me
5. Añadimos BY seguido del SUJETO de la oración activa que ahora será COMPLEMENTO AGENTE. Si el sujeto de la
oración principal era un pronombre sujeto (I, you, he…) lo sustituimos por su correspondiente pronombre objeto (me, you,
him…). Si el sujeto de la oración activa fuera irrelevante o sobreentendido, lo omitimos (by somebody…)
My parents gave me two tickets → I was given two tickets by my parents
My parents gave me two tickets → Two tickets were given to me by my parents

HAVE / GET + SOMETHING + DONE

Formación
Have / Get + complemento
directo + participio
Usos
Acciones que encargamos a otras personas
para que hagan por nosotros
Ejemplos
I have my hair cut
(Me he cortado el pelo)
We will have our house painted
(Pintaremos nuestra casa)

La estructura have / get + complemento directo + participio se utiliza para expresar acciones que encargamos a otras personas
para que hagan por nosotros. Se puede utilizar con la mayoría de los tiempos verbales.

Tiene un cierto sentido pasivo, aunque se traduce en voz activa.

Aunque puede utilizarse tanto HAVE como GET, GET es algo más informal y por tanto más común en el inglés oral.

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