WWW

World Wide Web

Architecture
The World Wide Web (WWW or the Web) is an information system accessible via the internet that allows users to
access and interact with various resources such as documents, web pages, multimedia content, and applications.
Components of www
Key components and concepts of the World Wide Web includes

Clients or Web Browsers:

Contd…
● Server
● Uniform Resource Locator

URLs are addresses used to locate resources on the internet. They consist of a protocol (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS),
domain name or IP address, and path to the specific resource.
Cookies
In networking and web browsing, cookies are small pieces of data stored on a user's device by web browsers.
These cookies are created by websites to track user interactions, preferences, and other information related to
their browsing session. Cookies serve various purposes in networking:

Types of internet Cookies

● Session Cookies:
● Persistent Cookies:
● Third-party cookies:
● HTTP-cookies:
Cookies
How does cookies work
Uses
HTTP
HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. It's a protocol that governs the transfer of data over the
internet. Tim Berners Lee and his team at CERN get credit for inventing original HTTP and associated
technologies.

Key features of HTTP include:

● Client-Server Model:
● Stateless Protocol:
● Request-Response Cycle:
● Uniform Resource Identifier (URI):
● HTTP Methods:
● Status Codes:
Working
● First of all, whenever we want to open any website then first open a web browser after that
we will type the URL of that website (e.g., www.facebook.com ). T
● his URL is now sent to Domain Name Server (DNS).
● Then DNS first check records for this URL in their database, then DNS will return the IP
address to the web browser corresponding to this URL.
● Now the browser is able to send requests to the actual server.
● After the server sends data to the client, the connection will be closed.
● If we want something else from the server we should have to re-establish the connection
between the client and the server.
Contd…
HTTP Request Message

An HTTP request message sent by a client to a server typically contains the following components:

● HTTP Version
● URL
● HTTP Method
● HTTP Request Headers
● HTTP Body
Request methods
Contd…
HTTP Response
HTTP Response is simply the answer to what a Server gets when the request is raised. There are various
things contained in HTTP Response, some of them are listed below.
● HTTP Status Code
● HTTP Headers
● HTTP Body
HTTP Status Code

HTTP Status Codes are the 3-Digit codes that tell the message or simply tell us about the
HTTP Request whether it has been completed or not. There are simply 5 types of status
codes.
● Informational
● Successful
● Re-directional
● Client-Error
● Server-Error