J{UV ( ^mJ  I )

CËVao : gamd àíZn{ÌH$m 1 br

à. 1 (A) (i) (C)
(ii) (B)
(iii) (B)
(iv) (B)

à. 1 (A) ¶m ~hþn¶m©¶r àíZm§À¶m CËVam§Mr ñnîQ>rH$aUo {dXçm϶mªÀ¶m ‘mJ©Xe©ZmgmR>r nwT>o {Xbr AmhoV.
{dXçm϶mªZr narjoV hr ñnîQ>rH$aUo {b{hʶmMr Amdí¶H$Vm Zmhr, ¶mMr Zm|X ¿¶mdr.
D1 1
a1 b1
(i) a1  1, b1  1 a2  3, b2   2,
a2 b2

(ii) x2  8x  15  0  (x  3) (x  5)  0  x3 qH$dm x  5

(iii) ¶oWo t2  t1, t3  t2 , t4  t3 hm ’$aH$ g‘mZ Amho.
(iv) H$moU˶mhr KQ>ZoMr g§^mì¶Vm hr 0 Vo 1 qH$dm 0% Vo 100% ¶m§Xaå¶mZ AgVo.

à. 1 (B) (i) arV : 3x  4y  12

 3x  4y  12  0
CËVa : gm‘mݶ ê$nmVrb g‘rH$aU 3x  4y  12  0 Amho.

(ii) arV : a  t1   7, t2   4, t3   1, t4  2
d  t2  t1   4  (  7)   4  7  3.
t5 t4  d  2  3  5
t6  t5  d  5  3 8
CËVa : nwT>rb XmoZ nXo 5 d 8 AmhoV.

(iii) CËVa : ~«oS> OrdZmdí¶H$ AÝZnXmW© Agë¶mZo ˶mda H$amMm Xa 0% Amho.

(iv) CËVa : EH$m AmR>dS>çmVrb dma ¶mÑpÀN>H$ nX²YVrZo {ZdS>ʶmÀ¶m 7 e³¶Vm AmhoV.

à. 2 (A) (i) H¥$Vr : 1 3 2 1

4 5

3 5  2 4

 15  8  7 .

ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)] 1

 (ii) H¥$Vr : x2  15x  54  0
x2  9x  6x  54  0

 x(x  9)  6 (x  9)  0

 (x  9 )  (x  6)  0

 x  9 qH$dm x  6 .

(iii) H¥$Vr : OrEgQ>rMm Xa  12%

¶mV CGST d SGST ¶m XmoÝhr H$am§Mm g‘mdoe AgVmo.
CGST d SGST ho XmoÝhr H$a g‘mZ AgVmV.
12%
 CGST Mm Xa  SGST Mm Xa  GST Mm Xa   6% .
2
2

à. 2 (B) (i) arV : 15x  17y  21 ... (1)

17x  15y  11 ... (2)
g‘rH$aU (1) d g‘rH$aU (2) ¶m§Mr ~oarO H$ê$,
15x  17y  21 ... (1)
 17x  15y  11 ... (2)
32x  32y  32
 x  y1 ... (XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zm 32 Zo ^mJyZ)
CËVa : x  y Mr qH$‘V 1 Amho.

(ii) arV : x  1 hr qH$‘V x2  4x  5  0 ¶m dJ©g‘rH$aUmV ^ê$,

12  4  1  5  1  4  5
 5  5  0  COdr ~mOy
 x  1 ¶m {H$‘VrZo {Xboë¶m g‘rH$aUmMo g‘mYmZ hmoVo.
 1 ho x2  4x  5  0 Mo EH$ ‘yi Amho.
x   1 hr qH$‘V x2  4x  5  0 ¶m dJ©g‘rH$aUmV ^ê$,
(  1)2  4  (  1)  5  1  4  5   8  COdr ~mOy.
 x   1 ¶m {H$‘VrZo {Xboë¶m g‘rH$aUmMo g‘mYmZ hmoV Zmhr.
   1 ho x2  4x  5  0 Mo ‘yi Zmhr.
CËVa : x  1 ho ‘yi Amho, x   1 ho ‘yi Zmhr.

(iii) arV : ¶oWo, a   3, d  0

a  t1   3
 t2  t1  d   3  0   3
t3  t2  d   3  0   3
t4  t3  d   3  0   3
CËVa : BîQ> A§H$J{UVr loT>r  3,  3,  3, ... hr Amhoo.

2 ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)]

 (iv) arV : noT>çm§Mm 1 {H$bmoMm Xa ` 400 Amho.
 noT>çm§Mr AYm© {H$bmoMr qH$‘V ` 200 Agob.

` 200 da 2.5% XamZo Xçmdm bmJUmam H$a  200  2.5  ` 5

100
AYm© {H$bmo noT>çm§da ^amdm bmJUmam H|$ÐmMm H$a  ` 5
VgoM AYm© {H$bmo noT>çm§da ^amdm bmJUmam amÁ¶mMm H$a  ` 5
CËVa : AYm© {H$bmo noT>çm§da EHy$U ` 10 BVH$m H$a Xçmdm bmJob.

(v) arV …
dJ© dJ© (gbJ H$ê$Z)
6 – 10 5.5 – 10.5
11 – 15 10.5 – 15.5
16 – 20 15.5 – 20.5
21 – 25 20.5 – 25.5

(gyMZm : dJ© gbJ H$aʶmgmR>r gd©gmYmaUV: à˶oH$ dJm©À¶m ImbÀ¶m dJ©‘¶m©XoVyZ 0.5 dOm H$ê$;
Va daÀ¶m ‘¶m©XoV 0.5 {‘idy.)

à. 3 (A) (i) H¥$Vr : Xbmbr a³H$‘  ~mOma^md  XbmbrMm Xa

0.1
 1000 
100
 10  0.1  ` 1

 {dH«$sZ§Va {‘iUmar a³H$‘  ~mOma^md  Xbmbr

 1000  1

 ` 999 .

(ii) H¥$Vr : S  {13 ~Xm‘ nËVo, 13 Mm¡H$Q> nËVo , 13 {H$bda nËVo, 13 BpñnH$ nËVo}
 n(S)  52

g‘Om, KQ>Zm A E³H$m {‘iUo hr Amho.

A { ~Xm‘Mm E³H$m , Mm¡H$Q>Mm E³H$m, {H$bdaMm E³H$m, BpñnH$Mm E³H$m }
 n(A)  4

n(A) 4 1
p(A)    .
n(S) 52 13

ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)] 3

 12  2x
à. 3 (B) (i) arV : 2x  3y  12  3y  12  2x  y
3
x 3 0 3 6
y 6 4 2 0
(x, y) (  3, 6) (0, 4) (3, 2) (6, 0)

x  y1  x1y  yx1

x 4 2 3 5
y 5 1 2 4
(x, y) (  4,  5) (2, 1) (3, 2) (5, 4)

Y
à‘mU : XmoÝhr Ajm§da 1 go‘r = 1 EH$H$
(– 3, 6)
6
2x
+3
y= 5
12
(0, 4)
4
(5, 4)

1
y=
x–
3

2 (3, 2)

1
(2, 1)
(6, 0) X

X' –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

–1

–2

–3

–4

–5
(– 4, – 5)
Y'

{Xboë¶m EH$gm‘{¶H$ g‘rH$aUm§À¶m AmboIm§À¶m N>oXZq~XÿMo {ZX}eH$  (3, 2)

CËVa : {Xboë¶m EH$gm‘{¶H$ g‘rH$aUm§Mr CH$b, (x, y)  (3, 2) hr Amho.

4 ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)]

 (ii) arV … y2  2y  7  0  ...
({Xbobo g‘rH$aU)
2
 a  1, b    2, c    7 ...   (ax  bx  c  0 er VwbZm H$ê$Z)
b
  
      ... (gyÌ)
a
 (  2)
        2 ... (1)
1

Am{U     c  ... (gyÌ)

a
7
          7  ... (2)
1

AmVm, (1) (  )2  2  2  2  ... ({dñVma gyÌ)

 2  2 (  )2  2
 (2)2  2  (  7) ... [(1) d (2) dê$Z, {H$‘Vr ^ê$Z]
 4  14  18
Am{U (2) (  )3  3  3  3 (  ) ... ({dñVma gyÌ)
 3  3  (  )3  3 (  )
 (2)3  3  (  7) (2) ... [(1) d (2) dê$Z, {H$‘Vr ^ê$Z]
 8  42  50
CËVa : (1) 2  2  18 Am{U (2) 3  3  50.

(iii) arV : g‘Om, EHy$U ’w$½`m§VyZ `mÑ{ÀN>H$ nX²YVrZo EH$ ’w$Jm XoUo `m à`moJmMm Z‘wZm AdH$me ' S '
Amho.
2 bmb ’w$Jo R1, R2 Zo; 3 {Zio ’w$Jo B1, B2, B3 Zo Am{U 4 {hado ’w$Jo G1, G2, G3, G4 Zo Xe©dy.
 S   R1, R2, B1, B2, B3, G1, G2, G3, G4 
 n(S)  9.
(1) KQ>Zm A : {‘imbobm ’w$Jm bmb AgUo.
 A   R1, R2     n(A)  2
n(A) 2
P(A)      P(A)  .
n(S) 9

(2) KQ>Zm B : {‘imbobm ’w$Jm {Zim AgUo.

 B   B1, B2, B3   n(B)  3.
n(B) 3 1
P(B)   P(B)  .
n(S) 9 3

CËVa : (1) 2  (2) 1  .

9 3

ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)] 5

 (iv) dJ© dma§dmaVm g§{MV dma§dmaVm
(X¡Z§{XZ H$m‘mMo Vmg) (H$‘©Mmè`m§Mr g§»`m) ( fi  ) (nojm H$‘r) ( c f )
8 – 10 150 150 -E c f

500 -E f
10 – 12
650
‘Ü`H$ dJ©
12 – 14 300 950
14 – 16 50 1000
N  & fi  1000

`oWo, EHy$U dma§dmaVm  N  & fi  1000 Amho.

 N  1000  500.
2 2
 A§XmOo 500 dm àmßVm§H$ hm ‘Ü`H$ Amho.
500 dm àmßVm§H$ 10 – 12 `m dJm©V Amho.
 10 – 12 hm dJ© ‘Ü`H$ dJ© Amho.
`m ‘Ü`H$ dJm©Mr ImbMr dJ©‘`m©Xm  L  10,
‘Ü`H$ dJm©Mr dma§dmaVm  f  500,
‘Ü`H$ dJm©À`m AmYrÀ`m dJm©Mr g§{MV dma§dmaVm  cf  150 Am{U h  2 Amho. `m {H$‘Vr
‘Ü`H$À`m gyÌmV R>ody.
N

 
cf
‘Ü`H$  L  2  h ... (gyÌ)
f

 10 
 500500 
 150  2 ... ({H$‘Vr ^ê$Z)

 10  350  2  10   2  10 
7 7
 
500 10 5

 10  1.4  11.4
CËVa … H$‘©Mmè`m§À`m X¡Z§{XZ H$m‘mÀ`m Vmgm§Mo ‘Ü`H$ 11.4 Vmg Amho.

à. 4 (i) {gX²YVm :
(a  b)x2  (b  c)x  (c  a)  0 ¶m dJ©g‘rH$aUmMr VwbZm Ax2  Bx  c  0 er H$ê$.
‘J A  (a  b), B  (b  c) Am{U C  (c  a)
dJ©g‘rH$aUmMr ‘wio g‘mZ AmhoV.
 B2  4AC  0
(b  c)2  4(a  b) (c  a)  0
b2  2bc  c2  4(ac  a2  bc  ab)  0
b2  c2  2bc  4ac  4a2  4bc  4ab  0

6 ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)]

 4a2  4ac  c2  4ab  2bc  b2  0 ... (nXm§Mr nwZ‘mªS>Ur H$ê$Z)
 (2a  c)2  2b(2a  c)  (b)2  0
 (2a  b  c)2  0 ... [  (a  b  c)2  a2  b2  c2  2ab  2bc  2ca]
 2a  b  c  0 ... (XmoÝhr ~mOy§Mr dJ©‘wio KoD$Z)
 2a  b  c.

(ii) {Xboë¶m A§H$J{UVr loT>rV, a  20,

gm‘mݶ ’$aH$ (d)  19 1  20  58  20   2
3 3 3
g‘Om, n{hë¶m n nXm§Mr ~oarO 300 Amho.
Sn  300

 Sn  [2a  (n  1) d]       ...
n
(gyÌ)
2
 [2a  (n  1) d] 300
n
2

[2  20  (n  1) ( )]  300
n 2

2 3

 n (40 n  )  600
2 2
... (XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zm 2 Zo JwUyZ)
3 3
(120  2n  2)
 3n  1800 ... (XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zm 3 Zo JwUyZ)
3
 n(122  2n)  1800
  2n2  122n  1800  0
 n2  61n  900  0 ... (XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zm  2 Zo ^mJyZ)
 n2  25n  36n  900  0
 n(n  25)  36(n  25)
 (n  25) (n  36)  0
 n  25 qH$dm n  36
nXm§Mr g§»¶m 25 qH$dm 36.
ñnîQ>rH$aU : ¶oWo, gm‘mݶ ’$aH$ (d) F$U Amho. ˶m‘wio CËVamoËVa A§H$J{UVr loT>rVrb nXm§Mr qH$‘V H$‘r
hmoV OmVo.
31 ì¶m nXm§Mr qH$‘V 0 (eyݶ) Amho.
31 ì¶m nXmZ§VaMr gd© nXo F$U AmhoV. Ooìhm hr F$U nXo (32 do Vo 36 do nX) YZ nXm§V (26 do nX Vo
30 do nX) {‘idVmV; Voìhm {déX²Y {MÝho Amë¶m‘wio hr nXo ~mX hmoVmV d ~oarO VrM amhVo.

ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)] 7

 (iii) arV :
JwU 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70 70 – 80 EHy$U
{dXçm{W©g§»¶m 15 a 30 b 15 10 100

AmVm, 15  a  30  b  15  10  100
 a  b  70  100  a  b  30 ... (1)
a Mr
   qH$‘V b À¶m XþßnQ> Amho. ... ({Xbo Amho)
 a  2b ... (2)
g‘rH$aU (2) Mr qH$‘V (1) ‘ܶo ^ê$,
30
2b  b  30  3b  30  b    b  10
3
b  10 hr qH$‘V g‘rH$aU (2) ‘ܶo ^ê$,
a  2  10  a  20
a d b À¶m {H$‘Vr {Xboë¶m gmaUrV ^ê$.
JwU 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70 70 – 80 EHy$U
{dXçm{W©g§»¶m 15 20 30 10 15 10 100

Y
à‘mU : X Ajmda 1 go‘r = 10 JwU
Y Ajmda 1 go‘r = 5 {dXçmWu
35

30

25
{dXçm{W©g§»¶m

20

15

10

X' 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 X
Y' JwU

8 ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)]

à. 5 (i) arV : g‘Om, g‘m§Va^wO Mm¡H$moZmÀ¶m {dembH$moZmMo ‘mn x° d bKwH$moZmMo ‘mn y° Amho.
‘J, {Xboë¶m AQ>rZwgma,
x  2y  x  2y  0 ... (1)
g‘m§Va^wO Mm¡H$moZmMo gbJ H$moZ nyaH$ AgVmV.
 x  y  180 ... (2)
g‘rH$aU (2) ‘YyZ g‘rH$aU (1) dOm H$ê$,
x  y  180 ... (2)
 0 ... (1)
x  2y 

3y  180
180
 y  60
3
y  60 hr qH$‘V g‘rH$aU (1) ‘ܶo ^ê$,
x  2  60  0  x  120  0  x  120
g‘m§Va^wO Mm¡H$moZmÀ¶m {dembH$moZmMo ‘mn 120° d bKwH$moZmMo ‘mn 60° Amho.
CËVa : g‘m§Va^wO Mm¡H$moZmÀ¶m H$moZm§Mr ‘mno AZwH«$‘o 120°, 60°, 120° d 60° Aer AgVrb.

(ii) arV : Ioim§da IM© Ho$br OmUmar EHy$U a³H$‘ ` x ‘mZy.

’w$Q>~m°bda IM© Ho$br OmUmar a³H$‘
(a) ’w$Q>~m°bgmR>r H|$Ðr¶ H$moZ   360°
EHy$U IM©
9000 9000  360
 45°   360°  x     x  ` 72,000
x 45

hm°H$sda hmoUmam IM©

(b) hm°H$sgmR>r H|$Ðr¶ H$moZ   360°
EHy$U IM©
hm°H$sda IM© hmoUmè¶m aH$‘ogmR>r H|$Ðr¶ H$moZ 100° Amho.
hm°H$sda hmoUmam IM©
 100°  360°
72000

hm°H$sda hmoUmam IM©  100  72000  20000

360
CËVao : (a) Ioim§da IM© hmoUmar EHy$U a³H$‘ ` 72,000 Amho.
(b) hm°H$sda IM© hmoUmar a³H$‘ ` 20,000 Amho.

ZdZrV gamd àíZn{ÌH$m : B¶ËVm Xhmdr [ CËVao : (J{UV ^mJ  I)] 9