Problems of Multiple Integral

R2R1
Q1: Evaluate 0 0 (x2 + y 2)dxdy using trapezoidal rule by
taking h = k = 0.5.
R2 R1 2 2


A1: I = 0 0 (x + y )dx dy
R1
Let I1 = 0 (x2 + y 2)dx where y is constant and data ta-
ble for x and y is as follows:
x: 0 0.5 1
y : y 2 0.25 + y 2 1 + y 2
Using Trapezoidal rule in x we get,
R 2 0.5
I= 0 2
[y 2 + 2(0.25 + y 2) + (1 + y 2)]dy
1
R2
= 4 0 (4y 2 + 1.5)dy
Now taking z = 4y 2 + 15, y0 = 0, y1 = 0.5, y2 = 1, y3 =
1.5, y4 = 2 we get the table,
y : 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
z : 1.5 2.5 5.5 10.5 17.5
By Trapezoidal formula we get,
1
I= 4×4
[1.5 + 2(2.5 + 5.5 + 10.5) + 17.5] = 3.5
Since the limits are constants one may proceed with reverse
way also, i.e., first integrating with respect to y and then with
respect to x.
Reverse way:
Dividing (0, 2) at the points y0 = 0, y1 = 0.5, y2 = 1, y3 =
1.5, y4 = 2, we get the table as,
y: 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
f (x, y) : x2 0.25 + x2 1 + x2 1.52 + x2 4 + x2

1
 R 1 0.5
I= 0 2
[x2 + 2 {(2.5 + x2) + (1 + x2) + (2.25 + x2)}
+ (4 + x2)]dx
1
R1
= 4 0 (8x2 + 11)dx
Now dividing (0, 1) into two intervals, we have data,
x:0 0.5 1
z : 11 13 19
By Trapezoidal rule we get,
1
I= 16
[11 + 2 × 13 + 19] = 3.5.

R 1 R √x
Q2: Evaluate 0 x (x2 + y 2)dydx
R 1 R √x 2 2
R 1 R √x
A2: I = 0 x (x + y )dydx = 0 ( x (x2 + y 2)dy)dx
R√ x
Let F (x) = x (x2 + y 2)dy (1)
R1
and hence I = 0 F (x)dx
Now dividing (0, 1) into two sub-intervals at the points (0, 0.5, 1)
and using Trapezoidal rule we get,
0.5
I= 2
[F (0) + 2F (0.5) + F (1)] (2)
Now F (0), F (0.5), F (1) are obtained from (1),
R0
F (0) = 0 y 2dy = 0
R 0.71
F (0.5) = 0.5 (0.25 + y 2)dy (putting x = 0.5)
Taking h = 0.105 and y0 = 0.5, y1 = 0.605, y2 = 0.71,
we may construct the table as below
y : 0.5 0.605 0.71
z : 0.5 0.6160 0.7541
Hence using Trapezoidal rule we get,

2
 0.105
F (0.5) = 2
[0.5 + 2 × 0.6160 + 0.7541] = 0.13052
R1
F (1) = 1 (1 + y 2)dy = 0
0.5
Therefore, I = 2
[0 + 2 × 0.13052 + 0] = 0.06526.

2 2 −1
RR
Q3: Evaluate D (x + y ) dxdy, where D is the square
with corners at (1, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 1).
A3:The square is bounded by the lines x = 1, x = 2, y =
1, y = 2.
R2 R2
I= y=1 x=1 (x
2
+ y 2)−1dxdy
R2
Let I1 = x=1 (x
2
+ y 2)−1dx. Taking h = 0.5 we get,
x: 1 1.5 2
1 1 1 4
x2 +y 2
: 1+y 2 2.25+y 2 1+y 2

By Simpson’s one-third rule we have,

 
0.5 1 1 1
I1 = 3 1+y 2
+ 4+y 2 + 4 × 2.25+y 2

 
0.5 (4+y 2 )(2.25+y 2 )+(1+y 2 )(2.25+y 2 )+4(1+y 2 )(4+y 2 )
= 3 (1+y 2 )(4+y 2 )(2.25+y 2 )
= 61 f (y)
1
R2
I= 6 1 f (y)dy
Taking k = 0.5
y: 1 1.5 2
f (y) : 1.930 1.356 0.965
By Simpson’s one-third rule,
1
I= 36
[1.930 + 0.965 + 4 × 1.356] = 0.2311.

3
 R 1 R √x
Q4: 0 x (x2 + y 2)−1dydx.
R 1 R √x
A4: I = 0 ( x (x2 + y 2)−1dy)dx (1)
R √x
Let x (x2 + y 2)−1dy = F (x) (2)
R1
So I = 0 F (x)dx (3)
Now in equation (1) taking partition of [0, 1] as 0, 0.5, 1 and
applying Trapezoidal rule for equation equation (3),
0.5
I= 2
[F (0) + 2 × F (0.5) + F (1)] (4)
Now F (0), F (0.5), F (1) will be obtained by equation (2)
by putting x = 0, 0.5, 1 respectively.
F (0) = 0 (5)
R 0.7071 1
F (0.5) = 0.5 0.25+y 2
dy
Now this value will be obtained by numerical investigation.
For this we shall divide the interval [0.5, 0.7071] into equal
parts 0.5, 0.60355, 0.7071.
0.10355
F (0.5) = 2
[2+2×1.62794+1.33335] = 0.341157 (6)
R1 1
F (1) = 1 1+y 2 dy =0 (7)
So by equation (4) to (7) we get,
0.5
I= 2
[0 + 2 × 0.341157 + 0] = 0.170578.

R π/2 R π/4
Q5: Evaluate I = 0 0 sin(x + y)dydx, simpson’s one-
third rule.
R π/2 R π/4
A5: I = 0 0 sin(x + y)dydx (1)
π/4−0 π
h= 4
= 16

y: 0 π/16 π/8
sin(x + y) : sin x sin(x + π/16) sin(x + π/8)

4
y: 3π/16 π/4
sin(x + y) : sin(x + 3π/16) sin(x + π/4)
From (1) using Simpson’s one-third rule,
R π/2
I = 0 π/48[sin x + sin(x + π/4) + 4(sin(x + π/16) + sin(x +
3π/16)) + 2 sin(x + π/8)]dx
π
R π/2
= 48 0 f (x)dx
where f (x) = sin x + sin(x + π/4) + 4(sin(x + π/16) + sin(x +
3π/16)) + 2 sin(x + π/8)
x: 0 π/4 π/2
f (x) : 4.4751 10.8039 10.8039
R π/2
Now I = π/48 0 f (x)dx
π π
= 48 12
[f (0) + f (π/2) + 4f (π/4)]
π2
= 48×12
(4.46751 + 10.8039 + 4 × 10.8039) = 1.002.
R1 R2R0
Q6: Evaluate z=0 0 4 (x + y + z)dxdydz
R1 R2R0
A6: I = z=0 0 4 (x + y + z)dxdydz
R1 R2 R0
= z=0 0 [ 4 (x + y + z)dx]dydz
x: 0 2 4
x+y+z : y+z 2+y+z 4+y+z
R1R2 2
= 0 0 3 [(y + z) + (4 + y + z) + 4(2 + y + z)]dydz
2
R1R2
= 3 0 0 (6y + 6z + 12)dydz
R1R2
=4 0 0 (y + z + 2)dydz
R1 R2
=4 0 [ 0 (y + z + 2)dy]dz

5
y: 0 1 2
y+z+2: z+2 z+3 z+4
R1 1
=4 0 3 [(z + 2) + (z + 4) + 4(z + 3)]dz
4
R1
= 3 0 (6z + 18)dz
R1
=8 0 (z + 3)dz
z: 0 0.5 1
z+3: 3 3.5 4
= 8 × 0.5
3
[3 + 4 + 4 × 3.5] = 21.