CLIMATOLOGY LAST PUSH 1

FOR THE LOVE OF GEO

1. Mid-latitude cyclone General characteristics
1.1 When do mid-latitude cyclone occur/Season? 1
1.2 Where do they occur? 1
1.3 What is their travelling direction? 1
1.4 Why are they taking that particular direction? 2
1.5 What is the change in wind direction called? 2
1.6 What is their rotation? In the south in the north 2
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1.2 .Drawings with details

1.2.1 Plan view 1.2.2 Plan view 1.2.3 Cross section 1.2.3 Cold front in
1.2.2
mature stage occlusion stage of a matured relation to SA

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1. 3.Explanations

1.3.1 Explain how occlusion comes about

2

1.3.2 Explain why cold fronts are associated with heavy rain 2

1.4 Discussions [4]

1.4.1 Discuss the change in weather pattern in an area as mid-latitude cyclone passes

1.4.2 Discuss the impacts of mid-latitude cyclone on the following

Economy Physical Environment (NB) Human/ society

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1.5 Precautionary measures

1.5.1 How can people better prepare for the passing of multitude cyclone/cold front?

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2 Tropical cyclone General characteristics

2.1.1 When do they occur/ season? ________ 1

2.1.2 Where do they occur/ Place of origin? 1

2.1.3 What is their travelling direction? 1

2.1.4 Why are they travelling in that particular direction?

2

2.1.5 What is their rotation? In the south in the north 2

2.1.6 Why do they not occur at the equator? 2

2.2 Drawings with details

2.2.1 Matured synoptic representation of tropical cyclone 2.2.2 cross section of the matured

6 6

2.2.3 What is the eye? 1

2.2.4 Conditions in the eye are calm. Explain the statement.

2.2.5 Give conditions that favours (conditions necessary for the formation) for the development of Tropical cyclones.

4
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2.2.6 Tropical cyclones start deteriorating/ loosing strength as soon as they make land fall. Explain the statement

2.2.7 Areas along the coasts will be worst hit by tropical cyclones than areas away from the cast. Discuss the
statement.

2.2.8 How can people best prepare (Precautionary measures) against tropical cyclones?

2.2.10 If a tropical cyclone of the same strength is to hit both developing and developed countries developing
countries will suffer the most. Discuss the statement.

2.2.15 Discuss the impacts of Tropical cyclone on the following

Economy Physical/Environmental (NB)!!!! Human/ society/social

8 8 8
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3 Anticyclones (high pressure cells)

3.1 Identify the high pressure cells marked A, B and C

A 1

B 1

C 1

3.1.2 Draw a detailed diagrams that show the effects of pressure cell B on the climate of South Africa both in
summer and winter. Clearly indicate the position of invasion layer against the escarpment.

Summer Winter

4 4 [11]

4 Berg wind condition

4.1 Explain berg wind 2
4.2 Why is the wind hot and dry?
2
4.3 Draw a simple diagram that shows the Plant view and cross section of theformation of berg wind. Also
show the temperature change. 6

PLAN VIEW OF FORMATION OF BERG WINDS CROSS SECTION OF BERG WINDS/ temperature change.
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4.4 Explain adiabatic heating__________________________________________________________________2

4.5 What is the environmental hazard associated with berg wind? 1

5 Moisture front

5.1 What is moisture front?

2

5.2 What is line thunder storm? 2

5.3 Differentiate between TWO air masses responsible for the formation of moisture front.

5.3 Draw a simple diagram that shows the formation of moisture front. Label the winds

6 Valley climate
6.1 Define valley climate 2

6.2 Define valley inversion 2

6.3 Drawings

6.3.1 Draw a simple diagram that reflects valley climate at night and during the day. Show the winds.

Day Night
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2 2

6.3.2 1 Draw a simple diagram that reflects the effects of valley inversion in winter.

6.4 Discuss the formation of radiation fog

6.5 Discuss the effects of pollution that is trapped in the valley on the following

People property farming

6 6 6

6.6 How can you best advise farmers at the bottom of the valley?

7 Urban heat island

7.1 What is urban heat island?
_____________________________________________________________________________________1

7.2 Which term is used to describe the side view of the city? 1
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7.4 Explain the difference in pollution concentration (pollution dome) between night and day.

Day

Night

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7.5 Discuss 5 causes of heat in the city

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7.6 Discuss the effects of high temperatures on city dwellers.

7.7 If you are appointed a city manager which measures can you put in place to curb/ reduce high temperatures?

7.8 Compare between urban and rural in terms of the following. Cancel the incorrect option.

Urban Rural Reason

1 Rainfall High/low High/low
2 Wind speed High/low High/low
3 cloud coverage High/low High/low
4 temperatures High/low High/low