CHAPTER-15

PROBABILITY
03 MARK TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. NO QUESTION MARK
1. 3
A bag contains a red ball, a blue ball and a yellow ball, all the balls being of the same size.
Kritika takes out a ball from the bag without looking into it. What is the probability that she
takes out the

(i) yellow ball?

(ii) red ball?
(iii) blue ball?

2. 3
A box contains 80 discs which are numbered from 1 to 80. If one disc is drawn at random
from the box, find the probability that it bears a perfect square number.

3. 3
In Figure a disc on which a player spins an arrow twice.

The fraction a/b is formed, where a is the number of sector on which arrow stops on the first
spin and ‘b’ is the number of the sector in which the arrow stops on second spin, On each
spin, each sector has equal chance of selection by the arrow. What is the probability that the
fraction a/b > 1

4. A box contains 5 white balls, 3 red balls, and 2 green balls. If three balls are drawn one by
one without replacement, what is the probability that all three balls are of different colors?
5. In class X, there are 35 boys and 25 girls. In the Mathematics
period, 5 students randomly taken out of class one after
another without making them entry into the class. Now find
the probability that 5 of them are girls?

6. In a school, there are 500 students. A survey conducted in the school for the favourite
subject among Hindi, Mathematics and science. After survey it was found that 250 liked
Hindi as their favourite subject, 150 liked Mathematics as their favourite subject and 100
liked Science as their favourite subject. If three students picked from the school randomly,
then what is the probability that all three are of different student having different favourite
subject.
7. Two unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting 3
(i) at least one head
(ii) at most one head
 (iii) no head
8. A bag contains cards numbered 1 to 49. Find the probability that the number on 3
the drawn card is
(i) an odd number
(ii) a multiple of 5
(iii) Even prime
9. Two dice are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting 3
(i) an even number on both dice.
(ii) the sum of two numbers more than 9.
10. Sachin and Saurav are playing with dice . Sachin 3
throws two dice once and compute the product of the
two numbers appearing on the top of the dice . Saurav
throws one die and square the number appearing on the
top of the die . Who has the better chance of
getting the number 36 ? Why?

11. A game of chance consists of spinning an 3

arrow which comes to rest pointing at one
of the numbers 1, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and these are
equally likely outcomes.

What is the probability that it will point at

(i) a prime number?
(ii) a perfect square number?
(iii) a number greater than 2?

12. Two dice are numbered 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 1,2,2,3,3,4 respectively . They are 3
thrown simultaneously and the sum of the numbers appearing on the top of the
dice are noted . Write all the possible outcomes and find the probability of
getting
(i) sum 7 (ii) Sum is a perfect square number.
13. A bag contains 15 white and some black balls. If the probability of drawing a black 3
ball from the bag is thrice that of drawing a white ball, find the number of black balls
in the bag.
14. Three different coins are tossed together. Find the probability of getting i) 3
exactly two heads ii) at least two heads iii) at least two tails.
15. Find the probability of getting 53 Sundays in a i) leap year ii) non leap year. 3
16. A bag contains 5 red and some blue balls. If the probability of drawing a blue ball is double 3
that of a red ball, determine the number of blue ball in the bag.
17. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards, one card is drawn at random .Find the 3
probability that the card drawn is neither an ace not a king.
18. There are 1000 sealed envelope in a box. 100 of them contains cash prize of Rs.100 each, 3
200 of them contains cash prize of Rs.75 each, 300 of them contains cash prize of Rs.50
each, and rest do not have any cash prize. If they are shuffled and an envelope is picked up
out then find the probability of that it contain no cash prize.
19. 3
Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the same time. Write down all the possible
outcomes. What is the probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing on the top of
the dice is

(i) 8?

(ii) 13?

(iii) less than or equal to 12?

20. 3
A bag contains a red ball, a blue ball and a yellow ball, all the balls being
of the same size. Kritika takes out a ball from the bag without looking into it. What is the
probability that she takes out the

(i) yellow ball?

(ii) red ball?

(iii) blue ball?

21. A bag contains 5 red cards, 3 black cards and 2 green cards. What is the probability of 3
getting
i) one white card

ii) one black card

iii) neither a red card nor a black card

22. Two customers are visiting a particular shop in the same week (Monday to Saturday). Each is equally 3
likely to visit the shop on any one day as on another. What is the probability that both will visit the
shop on consecutive days?
23. A bag contains 5 red, 8 white and 7 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. Find the 3
probability that the drawn ball is neither white nor black.
24. A group consists of 12 persons , of which 3 are extremely patient other 6 are extremely honest and 3
rest are kind . A person is selected at random. Assuming that each person is equally likely to be
selected, find the probability of selecting a person who is extremely kind or honest.
25. There are 1000 sealed envelopes in a box, 10 of them contain a cash prize of 100 rupees 3
each, 100 of them contain a cash prize of 50 rupees each and 200 of them contain a cash prize
of 10 rupees each and rest do not contain any cash prize . If they are well shuffled and an
envelope is picked up out, what is the probability that it contains no cash prize?
26. Prateek and Ritesh are playing a game with number tokens. Each of them has four number 3
tokens 2,3,4 and 5. A token is randomly picked by each of them from their stack
simultaneously. If the sum of the numbers picked by each one of them is a prime number,
Pratek wins the game and if it is a composite number, then Ritesh wins the game.
Find the probability of each of them winning the game and state who has a higher probability
of winning the game.
27. Find the probability that a number selected at random from the numbers 3,4,4,4,5,5,6,6,6,7 3
will be their mean.
 ANSWERS:

Q. NO ANSWER MARKS
1. The number of possible outcomes = Number of balls in the bag = n(S) = 3. 3
(i) The number of outcomes favourable to the event Y = n(Y) = 1.
So, P(Y) = n(Y)/n(S) =1/3Similarly,
(ii) P(R) = 1/3and
(iii) P(B) = ⅓

2. Total number of outcomes = 80 3

Perfect square numbers from 1 to 80 = 1 ,4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64
Therefore, favourable outcomes = 8
Probability of getting a perfect square number = 8/80 = 1/10.

3. 3
For a/b>1, when a=1,b cannot take any value,
a=2,b can take 1 value,
a=3,b can take 2 value,
a=4,b can take 3 values,
a=5,b can take 4 values,
a=6,b can take 5 values.
Total possible outcomes =36
3∴P(a/b>1)=(1+2+3+4+5)/36 =15/36 or 5/12

4. Calculate the probability of drawing a white ball first (5/10), then a red ball (3/9), and 3
finally a green ball (2/8). Multiply these three probabilities to find the probability that
all three balls are of different colors.
Probability= (5/10)*(3/9)*(2/8)= 1/24
5. Total boys and girls= 35+25= 60 3
Probability for all 5 are girls will be (25/60)*(24/59)*(23/58)*(22/57)*(21/56)=
(17710/1820504)= 0.009(approx.)
6. To calculate this probability, we'll consider the following cases: 3

First student likes Hindi, second student likes Mathematics, third student likes
Science.
First student likes Hindi, second student likes Science, third student likes
Mathematics.
First student likes Mathematics, second student likes Hindi, third student likes
Science.
 First student likes Mathematics, second student likes Science, third student likes
Hindi.
First student likes Science, second student likes Hindi, third student likes
Mathematics.
First student likes Science, second student likes Mathematics, third student likes
Hindi.

So, probability= 6× (250/500)×(150/500)×(100/500)= 6×(1/2)×(3/10)×(1/5)=9/50

7. 3 3
(i)
4
3
(ii)
4
1
4
8. 25 3
(i)
49
9
(ii)
49
1
49
9. 1 3
(i)
4
1
6
10. FOR SACHIN 3
No. of all possible outcomes = 36
Let, ‘E ‘ be the event of getting the product of numbers appearing on the
top of the dice as 36.
∴ No. of outcome favorable to E = 1
1
∴ P( E ) =
36

FOR SAURAV

No. of all possible outcomes = 6

Let, ‘F’ be the event of getting the product of the number appearing on the
top of the die as 36.
No. of outcome favorable to F = 1
1
∴ P(F) =
6
1 1
Since , >
6 36
∴ SAURAV has better chance of getting 36.
11. No. of all possible outcomes = 8 3
(i) Let, ‘E’ be the event that the arrow comes to rest pointing at a prime
number.
No. of outcome favorable to E = 4
4 1
∴ P(E ) = =
8 2
(ii) Let, ‘F’ be the event that the arrow comes to rest pointing at perfect
square number.
No. of outcome favorable to F = 2
 2 1
∴ P(F) = =
8 4
(iii) Let, ‘G’ be the event that the arrow comes to rest pointing at a
number greater than 2 .
No. of outcome favorable to G = 6
6 3
∴ P(G) = =
8 4
12. No. of all possible outcomes are 3
(1,1) , (1,2) , (1,2) , (1,3) , (1,3) , (1,4)
(2,1) , (2,2) , (2,2) , (2,3) , (2,3) , (2,4)
(3,1) , (3,2) , (3,2) , (3,3) , (3,3) , (3,4)
(4,1) , (4,2) , (4,2) , (4,3) , (4,3) , (4,4)
(5,1) , (5,2) , (5,2) , (5,3) , (5,3) , (5,4)
(6,1) , (6,2) , (6,2) , (6,3) , (6,3) , (6,4)
6 1
(i) P(getting sum of two numbers on the top of dice 7) = =
36 6
(ii) P( sum of numbers on the top of the dice is a perfect square number)
8 2
= =
36 9

13. 3
Let the number of black balls in the bag be x.
Total number of balls=15+x.
𝑥
Probability of drawing a black ball=
15+𝑥
15
Probability of drawing a white ball=
15+𝑥
According to the question,
𝑥 15
= 3 ×
15+𝑥 15+𝑥
On solving we get ⇒x=45
Hence, there are 45 black balls in the bag.

14. 3
n(S)={HHH, HHT,HTH,THH ,HTT,THT,TTH,TTT} n(S)=8
(i) Exactly two heads
Favourable cases ={HHT,HTH,THH}
Probability of getting exactly two heads =3/8
(ii) At least two heads
Favourable cases ={HHH,HHT,HTH,THH}
Probability of getting at least two heads =4/8=1/2
(iii) At least two tails
Favourable cases ={HTT,THT,TTH,TTT}
Probability of getting at least two tails =4/8=1/2
15. 3
i) A leap year has 366 days. i.e there will be 52 Sundays and 2 day will be left.
This 2 day could be (Sun M), (M T), (T We), (We Th), (Th Fr), (Fr Sa), (Sa
Su).
Of these total 7 outcomes, the favourable outcomes are 2.
Hence the probability of getting 53 Sundays = 2 / 7.
ii) A non-leap year has 365 days. i.e there will be 52 Sundays and 1 day will be
left.
This 1 day could be Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, friday
, Saturday, Sunday.
Of these total 7 outcomes, the favourable outcomes are 1.
Hence the probability of getting 53 Sundays = 1 / 7.

16. 5 3
Let the no. of blue ball as x. Total no of ball = x+5. Prob.(Red ball) = .
x+5
x x 5
Prob.(Blue ball) = . A/C, =2x => x = 10
x+5 x+5 x+5
17. 8 2 3
There are 4 Ace and 4 king in a pack of 52 cards. Prob. (An ace or king) = =
52 13
2 11
Prob. (Neither An ace nor a king) = 1 - =
13 13
18. No of envelope contain cash prize = 100 + 200 + 300 = 600. Therefore, no of envelope 3
400 2
contain no cash prize = 1000 – 600 = 400. Its prob. = =
1000 5
19. 3
When the blue die shows ‘1’, the grey die could show any one of the
numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The same is true when the blue die shows ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’ or
‘6’. The possible outcomes of the experiment are listed in the table below; the first
number in each ordered pair is the number appearing on the blue die and the second
number is that on the grey die.

Blue die 1 2 3 4 5 6 { Grey die

1 (1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (1, 6)

2 (2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (2, 6)
3 (3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) (3, 4) (3, 5) (3, 6)
4 (4, 1) (4, 2) (4, 3) (4, 4) (4, 5) (4, 6)
5 (5, 1) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4) (5, 5) (5, 6)
6 (6, 1) (6, 2) (6, 3) (6, 4) (6, 5) (6, 6)
 Note that the pair (1, 4) is different from (4, 1).
So, the number of possible outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36.
(i) The outcomes favourable to the event ‘the sum of the two numbers is 8’ denoted
by E, are: (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2) (see Fig. 15.3) i.e., the number of
outcomes favourable to E = 5.
Hence, P(E) = 5/36

(ii) As you can see , there is no outcome favourable to the event F, ‘the sum of two
numbers is 13’.
So, P(F) = 0/36 =0

(iii) As you can see , all the outcomes are favourable to the event G,‘sum of two
numbers 12’.
So , P(G) = 36/36 =1

20. 3
Kritika takes out a ball from the bag without looking into it. So, it is equally likely that
she takes out any one of them.
Let Y be the event ‘the ball taken out is yellow’, B be the event ‘the ball taken
out is blue’, and R be the event ‘the ball taken out is red’.
Now, the number of possible outcomes = 3.
(i) The number of outcomes favourable to the event Y = 1.
So , P(Y) = 1/3
(ii) P(R) = 1/3
(iii) P(B) = 1/3

21. i) 0 3
Ii) 3/10
iii) 2/10
22. 5/18 3
23. 1/4 3
24. 3/4 3
25. There are 1000 envelopes in a box. 3
Number of envelopes containing no cash prize= 1000-(10+100+200)=690
Required probability=690/1000 =0.69
26. Total number of outcomes= 16 3
Number of favourable outcomes for Prateek to win the game=6
Probability that Prateek wins the game=6/16 = 3/8
Probability that Ritesh wins the game= 1-3/8 = 5/8
Hence, Ritesh has a higher probability of winning the game.

27. Here n=10 ( Given numbers are 3,4,4,4,5,5,6,6,6,7) 3

Number all possible outcomes= 10
Mean = 3+4+4+4+5+5+6+6+6+7/10 = 50/10 = 5
Number of favourable outcomes = 2
Required probability = 2/10 = 1/5