222 Engineer

LEGENDRE'S LINEAR EQUATION Mathematie

of the form
An cquation

+a,- (ax +
b)-1 d T t +...a,(ax +b)
a,(ax +b)" dx

where a, b,a, a,-1 .. G are constants is called Legendre's Linear Ea

the substitution ax + b =é
tion. This is solved by setting
Z = log (ax + b)

ady
ddx dz dx ax +b dz
dy
(ar+ ) a
(ar+b) Dy=a0y where D dz

Diffèrentiate again w.r.t. x.

( a x +b) D
= a6.

(ax +b) DytaDy =dr dz

=a
dz
dz dr

a
a d ax+b

(ax +b Dy +a(ax + b) Dy= a? 4

d2
(ax+b Dy+d0y=dey
(ar+b D=d 0(0- 1)
Similarly (ax+b D' =d e(0-1) (0 -2)
Substituting these in the given equation, it reduces to
a differential
equation with constant coefficients.
Ex. 7. Solve (2x
+3 y" -

(2x +3) y- 12y 6x. = (Anna.2005)

Set 2x +3 = z=
log (2x + 3)
Let D 0 = 4
dz

(2x+3) D =20; (2x+ 3) D =40 (0 1) -

 Linear
Differential Equations 223
Momegeneousus
reduces to
equation

(2x + 3) D 12]y óx
g i v e n

(27 +3) D
-
-

The

=6 | -23
(40(-1)-20 12]y
66- 12)y = 3e -9
(40
equation
is 4m. 6m -

12 =
=0
iliary
2m-3m
-

6 =0
3t9+48 3V57 mi, mn2
m=
4 4
C.F. is Ae"7+Be"*

= A(Y"1+B (Ø"2
=A (2x +3"1+ B (2x +3)"
3e-9
P.I. 40-60- 12

3e 9
(2x+3)+ 4
(-14) (-12)
Complete solution is

y=A (2x +3+ B

(2x+3y"-2x+3)+
3t57
where mi, ma = 4
224

Ex. 9. Solve: [(1

Engineering Mathema
+x p+(1 +x) D+ 1]y=4 cos log(1 .
Sol. Put r+1 = é
(r+ 1)D=6; (r+ 1)* D=0(0- 1)
Hence the differential equation reduces to
[e (0 1)+0+1]y =4 cos z
(0+1)y = 4 cos z where 0 ==
dz
2
Auxiliary equation is m*+1= 0.. m =ti
C.F. is A cos z + B sin z Acos
[log (x + 1)] + B sin [log (r + 11
=

P.l-4cos=4.5
e+1 Jcosz dz =
2z sin z
=
2 log
(r + 1). sin log (x+ 1)
y =A cos [log (x +1)]+ Bsin [log +
(x 1)]
+2 [log (x + 1)]. sin [log
FYTPCISES
(r +1)]