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LESSON PLANNING

ASSIGNMENT NO. 1

EDUC-5102

INSTRCTIONAL METHODS

SUBMITTED BY:

URWAH NADEEM

BS EDUCATION -1st SEMESTER , SPRING ADMISSSION (2023-27)

SUBMITTED TO:

PROF. AKHYAR AHMED

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
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LESSON PLANNING OF GRAVITATION

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NAME: URWAH NADEEM DATE: 12 JUNE 2023

UNIVERSITY: UNIVERSITY OF DURATION: 30 – 40 MINS

SARGODHA, DEPT EDUCATION
CLASS: BS EDUCATION 2023-27,
SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE SEMESTER 1, SPRING ADMISSION

TOPIC: GRAVITATION NO. OF STUDENTS: 44

 GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1. To develop the interest of students in learning science.

2. To develop the abilities of imagination, reasoning and observation.
3. To develop the scientific attitude in the students.
4. To develop understanding about the reality and apply it in real life.
5. To enable them to get knowledge content in the lesson.

 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

1. Students get knowledge of force present between sun, earth and moon.
2. Students get knowledge about the centripetal and gravitational force.
3. Students know about the universal law of gravitation.
4. Students will be able to solve the numerical based on gravitational law.
5. Students will get the idea about the importance of universal law of gravitation.

 TEACHEING AIDS:

White board, marker, hands, led screen, laptop, practical demonstrations e-t-c.
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 INTRODUCTRY QESTIONS:

S.N TEACHER’S QUESTIONS STUDENT’S ANSWER

O

1. What will happen if you throw ball in upward direction? It will come back to Earth.

2. Where did the fruit fall after reaping? It falls on ground.

3. Which force is responsible for these processes? Gravitational force.

4. Which scientist is aware with this force? Isaac Newton.

5. What is gravitation? A force of attraction.

 STATEMENT OF TOPIC:

Today we’ll study about gravitation.

 PRESENTATION:
 Activity:

Telling a student to come forward and throw a tennis ball upwards in a small and large
trajectory notice as the ball reaches a maximum height it stops for few nano seconds and falls
downwards which is due to gravity as the gravitational force of earth is fulling it towards the
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center of earth

Teaching Points Teacher’s Actions Student’s Blackboard

Action Work

We know that the moon goes around Students are able to

Introduction the earth. It is said that when Newton
was sitting under a tree, an apple fell know about the
on him. The fall of apple made topic.
Newton start thinking. He thought
that: if the earth can attract apple, can
it nit attract the moon? If the force
the same in both cases? He
conjectured that the same type of
force is responsible in both cases. He
argued that at each point of its orbit,
the moon falls towards the earth,
instead of going of in a same line.
So, it must be attached by the earth
but we don’t really see the moon
falling towards the earth.

 EXAMPLE OF CENTRIPITAL FORCE DEMONSTRATION:

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Tie on end of a string with stone and other end with your finger and move the stone in circlar
motion notic the stone moves in circle because the string is pulling it towards the center.
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Teaching Points Teacher’s Actions Student’s Black Board

Actions
Gravitational force. The motion of the moon around the earth is The motion of
due to centripetal force. The centripetal Understanding the mon around
force is provided by the force of attraction of the concept the earth is due
the earth. If there was no force the moon will taught. to centripetal
persue a uniform straight line motion. force.

It is seen that a falling apple is attracted

towards the earth.

According to third law of motion the apple

does attract the earth. But according to the Acceleration is
second law of motion, for a given force, inversely
acceleration is inversely proportional to the proportional to
mass of object. The mass of an apple is mass of object.
negligibly small compared to that of the
earthmoving towards the apple. Extend the
same argument for why the earth does not
move towards the moon.

 ASK THE STUDENTS FOR

QUESTIONS AND DOUBTS.

 Ask students about what conclusion should be made from the activity
and discussion and then give the actual result or conclusion obtained:

Teacher’s Activity Black Board

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In or solar system, all the planets go around the
sun. By arguing the same way, that there exists a
force between the sun and the planets. From the
above facts, Newton concluded that not only does
the earth attract the apple and the moon, but all
objects in the universe attract each other. This
force of attraction between objects is called THE
GRAVITATIONAL FORCE.
Isaac Newton concluded that not only
does the earth attract an apple and the
moon, but all objects in the universe
attract each other. This force of attraction
is called the gravitational force.

Teaching Teacher’s Action Student’s Black Board

Points Action

“Every object in the universe

Universal law of attracts every other object with a Try to understand
Gravitation. force which is proportional to the the topic taught.
product of their masses and
inversely proportional to the square
of the distance between them. The
force is along the line joining the
center of two objects”.
Let two objects A and B of masses
M1 and M2 lie at a distance d from
each other as shown in the Fig. let the
force of attraction between two
objects be Fg. According to the
universal law of gravitation, the force
between two objects is directly
proportional to the product of their
masses. That is,
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F ∝ M1 × M2 ………..(1)

Teaching Teacher’s Action Student’s Action

Point

And the force between two objects is inversely proportional to

the square of the distance between them, that is,
F ∝ 1/d2 …………..(2)

Combining Eqs.(1) and (2), we get

F∝ M1 × M2
d2
F = G M 1 × M2
d2
Where G is the constant of proportionality and is called the
universal gravitational constant. By multiplying crosswise,
gives

F × d 2 = G M1 × M 2
G = F d2
M1 × M2

The SI unit of G is Nm2 kg-2

The value of G = 6.673 × 10-11Nm2 kg-2

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Teaching Teacher’s Action

Point
Student’s Action
Numerical Q. The mass of the earth is 6 × 1024 kg and that of the moon is
7.4 × 10 22 kg. If the distance between the earth and moon is
3.84 × 105 km, calculate the force exerted by the earth on the
moon.
Please explain this
Solution: again.

 The mass of earth, M1 = 6 × 1024 kg

 The mass of the moon, M2 = 7.4×1022 kg

 The distance between the earth and the moon,

d =3.84 × 105 km

= 3.84×105 ×1000m

=3.84×108

 G = 6.7 × 10-11 Nm2 kg-2

The force exerted by the earth on the moon is,

F E = G M 1 × M2

d2

= 6.7 ×10-11 N m2 kg-2 × 6 × 1024 kg × 7.4 × 1022 kg

(3.84 × 108 m)2

=2.02 × 1020 N
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Thus, the force exerted by the earth on the moon is 2.02×1020 N

Teaching
Point Teacher’s Action
Student’s Action
Importance of The universal law of gravitation successfully explained several
the universal
pheonmena which were believed to be unconnected: Note down in their
law of
notebook.
gravitation
1. The force that binds us to the earth.

2. The motion of the moon around the earth.

3. The motion of the planets around the earth.

4. The tides due to the moon and the sun.

A video for better demonstration of gravity in solar system.

https://youtu.be/MTY1Kje0yLg
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 Time for students to ask questions:

 RECAPITLATIONS:
Q.1 State the universal law of gravitation?
Q.2 Write the formula to find the magnitude of the gravitational force between the
earth and an object on the surface of the earth?
Q.3 If the moon attracts the earth, why does the earth not move towards the moon?

 HOMEWORK:
Q.1 How does the force of the gravitation between two objects change when the
distance between them is reduced to half?
Q.2 Gravitational force on all objects in proportion to their masses. Why then, a
heavy object does not fall faster than a light object?
Q.3 What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and a 1 kg
object on its surface? (mass of the earth is 6×1024 kg and radius of the earth is 6.4 ×
106 m).
Q.4 The earth and the moon are attracted to each other by gravitational force. Does
the earth attract the moon with a force that is greater or smaller or the same as the
force with which the moon attracts the earth? Why ?