Circular Motion 6.

Circular Motion
INTEXT EXERCISE: 1
1. Object moving with constant speed on a circular 7.
v2
path has an acceleration of constant magnitude R
which is always directed towards the center. Slowing down : at is opposite to
v . There should be an abtuse angle
2. x = Ri between u and a
v = R~

Since ~ is constant that implies v v2

must be constant. 8. a=
R
v2
3. ac = R
4. A body moving along curved path canhave constant 9. 3 v = v 2 + v 2 - 2v 2 cos i
speed, but its direction of motion hence direction of
velocity would keep changing. = 2v 2 ]1 + cos ig

5. at = 0.4 m/s2
= 2v cos i

v2 62
ac = R = 120 m/s2 2

anet = at2 + ac2

10. Angle rotated about P
i = 2 \ ]2 g2
1 is half of angle about O .
6.
Same will be true about
i' = angular speed.

INTEXT EXERCISE: 2
1. Object will move along tangent to the path at the 5. For projectile motion
point.

mv2
2. F= R 2h #
Range = g v

mv2 2#2 #
3. T= R use T = 25N 10 = v
10

4. v2
T + mg = m~2 R a = r = 200 m/s2

6. mv2
mg - N = R
Set N = 0
V = gR
6.2 Physics
7. mv 2
N2 = R2
mv2 Take ratio and calculate v2
T - mg = R 10.

8.

T + T cos i = mg
T sin i = mac mu2
N + mg = R

Take ratio and solve for ac If N = mg , Net force on the man at point x is
2mg
mv 2
9. N1 = R1 = 200 N

use v1 = 13 m/s
when door pops open

INTEXT EXERCISE: 3

1. V = ngr
V12 V22
2. V = ngr & R1 = R2
3. Required centripetal force
mv2 1000 # 102
R = 100 = 1000 N
Actual friction = 900N is less than required hence mv2
N sin i - f cos i = R
it slides off the curve
N cos i + f sin i = mg
4.
Solve to calculate f
a v2
7. tan i = g = Rg

v2
8. ac = R

5. v = ngr 9.
V2
tan i = Rg
6. v = 30 m/s. < rg tan i = 23.7 m/s.
10. There is no centrifugal force if observations are
friction will act up the inclined road made from in inertial frame of reference.

EXERCISE - 1

v2 ]30g2 9 di
1. at = 2ms -2 ar = R = 50 = 5 m/s2 3. v = = 3t 2 + 2t + 1
dt
anet = at2 + an2 ~ f - ~ i 30 # 2r/60
4. a = = r = 1 rad/s2
Dt
i =c m Dt =
~i + ~ f 3000 rev/ min 1
2. 2
# min
3 a f = ar = 1 # 20 # 10 -2 = 0.2 m/s2
2
= 500 rev
 Circular Motion 6.3
2r T1 ~2 Tr 16 # 144
5. T= ~ T2 = ~1 = 1 v= M = 16 = 12 m/s.

6. ~ = 80 rad/ sec, t = 5 sec, ~ 0 = 0 17. T = m~ 2 r

i=? & T1 = 2T = m~12 r
if a constant, then ~1 = 2 ~ = 2 # 5 = 50 . 7 rev/ min
i = b 2 0 l t = b 2 l 5 = 200 rad
~+~ 80 + 0
18. For just slip & nmg = m~2 r
here if ~ is doubled then radius is 1/4 th
7. Speed = constant.
In uniform circular motion, velocity and acceleration r' = 4cm
are constant in magnitude but direction changes.
Therefore velocity and acceleration both change. 19. Centripetal force is constant in magnitude that
means speed is constant and due to change in
8. Angular velocity of every particle of disc is same. direction velocity is variable.
a p = ~2 rp, aQ = ~2 rQ
20.
a rP > rQ & a P > aQ
mv12 mv22
9. FC1 = FC2 & r1 = r2
v1 r1 1
v2 = r2 = 2
10. During Dt = 10 s the tip of the second hand rotates mv 2 /r v2
through i = 60c . The substituting tan i = mg = rg = 1
1
i = 60c, R = 4 m, Dt = 10 s in i = 45c
i
i 2R sin 2
S = 2R sin 2 and Vav = 21.
Dt
N sin i = mg
1 60 1 t 2/0s 2
S = 2 4 sin 2 = 4 m N cos i = mv
r
1 60
2 4 sin 2 r rf
Vav =
1
= 40 m/s 60o h = tan i = v2
10 t 20

11. Magnitude of resultant aceleration will increase & v = gh

with time
22. l = 2m T cos i = mg
r
12. Here angular displacement is 2
.
m = 0 2 kg
i r
w = t = 2T mv2

T sin i = R
13. a = 2rrad s -2

T max = 4N
~ f = ~ f Dt = 8 r rad
Di = ~ f Dt = 32 rrad From first equation

14. ~ = i 2 + 2i
T maxcos i = mg
d~ d~ # di ]2i + 2g
1
cos i = 2 & i = 60c
= dt =
a dt = ~
di
Put i = 1 rad 23. Centripetal force on each link
15. Acceleration must be directed to the right of the
given trajectory. it is understood that particle is = m~ 2 R
= b 100 l # b 300060 2r l
2
bending to its right. 2 #

16. r = 144 m, m = 16 kg, Tmax = 16N
# b 21r l
mv2
T= r
= 314 N
6.4 Physics
24. For slipping nmg = m~ 2 R mv2 mv2
N A = mg - R NB = mg + R
2T cos 30c = m~2 d n
a
25. 27. For a car to make a turn having radius R , with
3
mv2
speed v it must have a centripetal force R

T =
m~ 2 a 28.
3

26.

mv2
29. nmg = R & V = ngR

30. For car to require no friction while turning

2 2
mv mv V2
mg - N A = R NB - mg = R tan i = gR

EXERCISE - 2

20 distance 98
1. r = r m, at = constant
v= time & v = 9.1 36
v = 80 m/s
Centripetal acceleration
v 80
~ 0 = 0, ~1 = r = = 4r rad/ sec v2 9.1 # 9.1 # 98
20/r = 187.856 = 188 m/s2
R = 1.2 # 36
i = 2r # 2 = 4r
from 3rd equation 6. at = ~2 R
~ 2 = ~ 02 + 2ai Ra = w2 R & a = w2

& ]4rg2 = 0 2 + 2 # a # ]4rg
but w = at
a = 2r rad/s 2 1
a = a2 t2 & t =
20 a
at = ar = 2r # r = 40 m/s 2
2. For circular motion of particle ar not equal to zero, 7. Let at any instant of time t, the velocity of the particle
at may or may not be zero ^ar = v2 /r h be

v2
at = ar
3. ac = r , radius is constant in case (a) and increase
dv v 2
in case (b). So that magnitude of acceleration is
- =
dt R
constant in case (a) and decrease in case (b).
4. It can be observed that component of acceleration dv dt

- 2 =
perpendicular to velocity is v R
v
aC = 4 m/s2 dv 1 t V0
v2 ]2 g2

- # =
R
# dt & V =
V0 t
radius = ac = 4 = 1m. v0 v2 0
1+
di R
5. 8. w = dt = 6 - 6t

6

let after t seconds it will come to rest, w = 0 t = 6 = 1
2 # 1.8 36
i 6 - 2 ]1 g2

The time taken to fall on ground = 9.8 = 98

wav = t = t = 6 - 2 = 4 rad/s

velocity at time of string breaks
 Circular Motion 6.5
di 15. Tangential acceleration = at = g sin i
9. w = dt = 6 - 6t

Normal acceleration an = g cos i
when t = 0 & w1 = 6

g sin i = g cos i & i = 45c

when t = 1 & w2 = 0
& v y = vx
0-6

a= 1 =- 6 uv - gt = ux
10. Suppose they will be again same line after a 20 ]- 10g t = 10
minimum time T ' t = 1 sec
2r
During downward motion

w2 - w1 =
T' at = an
2r 2r 2r v y =- vx
- =
T2 T1 T' 20 - 10t =- 10
T T2
T' = T 1- T & t = 3 sec .
1 2
Y
11. 16. At t = 0
V
(900 −θ )

a= = g cos i
v sin θ
2 2
v u

r

R= a =
a

θ
X
= g cos i
r sin i = a 17. Force is perpendicular to v
v= v sin i F v2 mv2
w = r =
a= = m & R = a= & R= F
v a/ sin i
= a sin 2 i
18. v = a s & v2 = a2 s
a
12. w = 0 & t = dv a2
b
t

at = v ds = 2

di = # ^a - bt hdt v2 a2 s
0

ac = R = R
13. S = t3 + 5 a2 s/R 2s
a

tan a = act = 2 = R

Linear speed of the particle a /2
dS 19.

v= = 3t 2
dt

at t = 2s
v = ^3 # 2 2 h m/s

= 12 m/s

Linear acceleration
dv v= v sin i 3~

a1 = = 6t ~= r = r & v=
dt
sin 2 i

at t = 2s, a1 = 12m/s 2
0.1 # 3
&v= = 0.6 m/s

The centripetal acceleration ^1/ 2 h
2

2 2
v 12

a2 = = m/s 2 20. Uniformly rotating turn table means angular velocity
R 20 is constant. New radius is half of the original value.
` anet = a12 + a22 = 12 2 + 7.2 2 = 14m/s 2

r' = r/2 and ~ = cons tan t
14. Particle has at = g sin i due to which its horizontal
v' = ~r' - ~r/2 = v/2 = 5 cm/s
component of velocity > v a' = ~ 2 r' = ~ 2 r/2 = a/2 = 5 cm/s 2
6.6 Physics
21. 27. For water does not fall at topmost point of path that
means at topmost point N should be greater than or
equal to zero.
mv2

for N = 0, mg = r
mv2

and for n > 0, mg < r
mv2

so that mg is not greater than r
M L

T1 - T2 = 2 ~2 2 28. For M to be stationary

T1 > T2
T = Mg ..... (1)

1 2as2
also for mass m, θ

22. K = 2 mv2 = as2 & v2 = m Tcosθ

T cos i = mg ..... (2) m
v2 2as2
ac = R = mR mv 2 T Tsinθ

T sin i = ..... (3) M
dv 2as l sin i mg
at = v ds = m
dividing (3) by (2) Mg

b 2as l + b 2m
as l2 2as c1 + s2 m
2 2 1/2

a= = v2 gl
mR m R 2 tan i = &V = sin i
gl sin i cos i
Total force = ma = 2as c1 +
s2 m1/2

Time period =
2rR 2rl sin i
R2 v = gl
23. Maximum retardation a = ng . sin i
cos i

for apply brakes sharply minimum distance require m

From (1) and (2) cos i = M
to stop.
0 = v2 - 2rgs lm

then time period = 2r gM

v2
& s = 2ng 29. Maximum tension in string at lowest

For taking turn minimum radius is
~ = const, for all three particles
v2 v2 v

ng = r , & r = ng , here r is twice of s
~ = 3l

so apply brakes sharply is safe for driver
TC = m~2 3l

24. Rw2 = constant

TB - TC = m~2 l

Rw2 = R~2 = R2 ]2~g2

TB = 5m~2 l
R2 = R/4 = 1 cm

TA - TB = m~2 l
25. Let the car looses the contact at angle i with vertical

TA = 6m~2 l
:
TC TB: TA: : 3: 5: 6 Ans.
k
30. F = kx, T1 = ka = m~2 2a & ~ = 2m
mv2 mv2 2r 2m

mg cos i - N = R & N = mg cos i - R
Time period = ~ = 2r k =T
during descending on overbridge i is increasing. 2k
So cos i decreases therefore normal reaction is
T2 = 2ka = m~2 3a & ~ = 3m
decreasing. 3m
mv2
time period = 2r 2k = T'
26. T - mg = r (centripetal force at lowest point)
T' = c
mv2 3m
T = r + mg T
2
 Circular Motion 6.7
31. T = m~ R 2
36. N = mr~ 2
..... (i)
T + 60 = m ]3~g2 R

nN = mg ..... (ii)
60
2
m~ R =
From (i) & (ii)
8
ai = ~ 2 R = 2.5 m/s 2
n ^mr~2h = mg

a f = 9~ 2 R = 22.5 m/s 2
g 10

~2 = nr = 0.8 # 18
32. since F = V the particle will move along a circle
5
~ = 6 rad/s
mv2 S FS
` F= R & i= R & i= 37. F sin i = mg
mv2
33. for A mv2
F sin i = R

v2
&
tan i = Rg

T - m~2 r - ma = 0 ..... (i) v2
i = tan -1 Rg

Seen from object itself i = 45c
mg
T - 3 = ma ..... (i) 38. for max safe speed, the car will have tendency to
skid upwards and hence friction must be maximum

for B and would act down the plane.

mg - T = ma ..... (ii) mv2
N
sin i + n N cos i = R
Subtracting ]iig from ]ig
N cos i + nN sin i = mg

4
2T = mg
3
2
T = 3 mg

34. Fc = mk2 rt2

v2

ac = k2 rt2 = r & v = krt
1

V = gR d n
dv sin i + n cos i 2

a1 = dt = kr
cos i - n sin i
Ft = mkr & P = F $ v ]a F $ v = 0g
= 172 m/s

P = Ft $ v = mkr # krt
39. Free body diagram of block
= mk2 r2 t
fmax = nN
T sin i m ] R + l sin ig 2
35. = mg w 1
= 2 # 10
T cos i

T cos θ = 5N
m~2 R = 1 # 52 # 1
2
T sin θ m( R + l sin θ ) w

= 25 N
Mg 25 - 5

Initial acceleration = 2
1 = 20 m/s
] R + l sin igw2

tan i = g
6.8 Physics
40. When train A moves form east to west when train B moves from west to east
m ]v + ~Rg2 m ]v - ~Rg2 m ]v - ~Rg2
mg - N1 = R
mg - N2 = R & N2 = mg - R

m ]v + ~Rg2 N2 = F2
& N1 = mg - R
F1 > F2
N1 = F1

EXERCISE - 3

Numerical Type 1600 - 900

& = 2a
v 2 200r
1. ac =and v = a t T 7 rad
R
& a=
ac 4r s 2

tan q = a
t
w =w0 + at
7t 40r
vT 3
⇒ 40 = 30 + &t= s
tan
& i= R = 1 4r 7

& 3 tan2 i = 9. 5. towards C
vf 120o
dt
mv 2
2. = nmg; o = nRg d vi 60o
R
A a B
2h

t= a odt odt
g = -

Horizontal distance = vt = 2nRh sin 120c sin (di) di
3. 2 o 3v
a = & ~ = za
~
3
18 m
o $ 3o 3 o2

ac = nw = =
2a 2 a
7 m

Tangential acceleration is zero.
x
6. With respect to ground, o net = o 2 + o 2 = 2 o
7 24 V = 10 m/s
sin q = , cos q = V = 10 m/s
25 25
ac
x cos q = 7
o2
7 25 175 Now, a= =

⇒ x= = 7# = m R o 2net
24 24 2o 2
cos i So, radius of curvature = a = 2 = 2R = 4 m
rad 2
= o /R
4. 2 ( s ) 7. F.B.D w.r.t particle and mrw2 is centrifugal force.
1600
900 f

(rad) 
mg sin  + mr 2
0     

100 rev = 200p rad
f $ mg sin q + mrw2
d 2~d~
m mg cos q $ mg sin q + mrw2

Slope of graph = (~ 2 ) =
di di ~2 r

or m $ tan q +
g cos i
 Circular Motion 6.9
8. a = a + a
2
r
2
t
2 13. If the equation of the trajectory of particle is given we
can find the radius of trajectory of the instantaneous

at2 = a2 - ar2
circle by using the formula

at = a - a 2
r
2
..... (1)
<1 + c
mF
dy 2 3/2
^ 3h dx
2

a = 5m/s2 ar =
R=
R =3 d2 y
v2 dx2
9. ar = R = 4 dy

As; y = ax2 & dx = 2ax = 0 (at x = 0)
dv
at = dt = 2 d2 y
And = 2a
a = 16 + 4 dx2

= 20
Now radius of trajectory is given by
10. Time taken to describe angle i
51 + 0?3/2 1

R= 2a = 2a
d rR

t = v = 2v
Total displacement
Aliter : This problem can also be solved by using the

Average velocity = Total time v2
formula : R = a= , y = ax2
2R 2 2

= = r v
rR/2v

Differentiate with respect to time

Instantaneous velocity = v
dy dx

The ratio of average velocity to its instantaneous dt = 2ax dt ..... (1)
2 2
velocity = r dy

At x = 0 Vy = dt = 0 hence Vx = V
11. Suppose angle between OA and OB = i then, rate
Since Vx is constant, ax = 0
of change of i
Now, differentiate (1) with respect to time
ω A = π rad / s
d2 y 2
d x dx 2
+ 2a d n
α A = π / 2 rad / s 2
= 2ax
B
O
dt 2 dt 2 dt
A Ref.line
θ
at x = 0, Vx = V
` Net acceleration, a = ay = 2av2 (sin ce ax = 0)
this acceleration is perpendicular to velocity ]Vxg .
ω B = 2π rad / s

αB = 0

i = ~ B - ~ A = 2r - r = r rad/ sec Hence it is equal to centripetal acceleration
V2 V2 1
r
ip = a B - a A = 2 rad/ sec2
R = a = = =
2av2 2a
1 14. Centrifugal force m~2 x = ma
If angular displacement is 3i = it + 2 ip t2

vdv

for A and B to collide angular displacement 3i = r ~ 2 x =
dx
ω
& r = rt + 2 b 2 l t2 & t2 - 4t + 4 = 0 & t = 2 sec
1 -r

mω 2 x
12. Angular velocity of A with respect to O is;
v]VAOg =
~

~ AO = rAO = 2r = 2 and x
]VAC g v ~

~ AC = rAC = 3r = 3
6.10 Physics
L v

# ~ x dx 2
= # vdv
L/2 0 F
2 L 2 v
~ 2 d n =d n
x v 60°
60°
2 L/2 2 0
N f
2 2
v2
~ 2 d - n
L L
=
2 8 2
3
v = ~L
2
f = 10N   

Velocity at time of leaving the rod

2 #b 2 l
2 1 2
3 7
v' = ]~Lg2 + e o
~L = ~L
N - 10 3 = 1
2 2
4
15. 60°
f
N = 10 3 + 2
N
2kg F + f sin 60° = N cos 60°

30°
& F = 1N
10 3 10

mg = 20

EXERCISE - 4
1. The acceleration vector shall change the component 9r/2 3
of velocity uz along the acceleration vector = t3 = = sec
3r 6
v2
Time where R particle reaches at P
r = an
r 1

Radius of curvature rmin t1 = 2r = 2 sec
means v is minimum r 3
and an is maximum. t2 = 2r = 2 sec
This is at point P when 3
component of velocity
Common time to reach at P is 2 sec
parallel to acceleration 3.
vector becomes zero,
that is uz = 0
u2 42

R = a= = 2 = 8 meter

2. ~QP = 2r - 5r =- 3r rad/s

As we know

~ RP = 3r - 5r =- 2r rad/s
v2

ac = R (centripetal acceleration)
r/2 1

P = t1 = = sec v2 v2
3r 6
From figure; g sin i = R & R =
g sin i
5r/2 5 v0 v2 v0

Time t = t2 = = sec
& g $ v = R (since sin i1 = v ) & R a v3
3r 6
 Circular Motion 6.11
4. Deceleration of particles 9. For vertical circular motion, in lower half circle
2 tension never be zero anywhere. Tension is maximum
dv dv v
= v = at lowest point of oscillation. Tension decrease both
dt ds R side in same amount. Therefore correct option is
dv v 2 dv ds (D).
-v = & - v =
10. ~ 02 = 900 ^ rad/ sech
ds R R 2
Integrating both side & ~ 0 = 30 rad/ sec .
v s 2
~ = 1600 (rad/ sec) 2
& ~ = 40 rad/ sec
r & - 6log v@v = R
dv ds ds
-# v = # v

i =b
0
~ + ~0 l
v0 0
2 t

v = v0 e -s/R
2 # 100 # 2r 40r
5. at = ac
t= 40 + 30 = 7 sec .

v2
a = 2 ac = 2 R 11. Let V
n be the unit vector in the direction of

3Uj - U 3Uj - U
3Uj - U
k then V
k k
6.
3 + ]- 1g
n= 2 2
=
10

angular velocity of the particle w = wn V

4 _ U Ui

w= 3j - k rad/s
10
db 2da the position vector of the point with reference to
b = 2a & dt = dt = 2 0.4 = 0.8 rad/s
#
point
1
_S
i + 3Uj - k i
v AC = ~r = 0.8 # 2 = 0.4 m/s

ac = ~2 r = ]0.8g2 2 = 0.32 m/s2 r = _ 4 Si + 2Uj + U
k i - _ Si + 3Uj - U
1
ki
= 3 Si -Uj + 2U
a = ac = 0.32 m/s2 (at = 0)
k
7. x2 = 4ay
v = w#r

_3Uj - U
k i # _3 Si - 5Uj + 2U

differentiating w.r.t. y, we get 4

= ki
dy x 10
dx = 2a
i - 3Uj - 9U
_7S
4
dy
= k i m/s

` at (2a, a), dx = 1 & hence i = 45c 10

the component of weight along tangential direction 12. w = w0 - ai
is mg sin i hence tangential acceleration is di
g = w0 - ai
g sin i = dt
2
8. As tangential acceleration a = dV/dt = ~dr/dt
As the wheel rotates through an angle i during a
time.t, we have

but ~ = 2rn = 4r rad/s t i
dr ]2 # 0.75g # -2 # = # di

and 10 m/s = 1.5 # 10 -2 m/s dt
dt = 0 0
w0 - ai

(reel is turned uniformly at the rate of 2 r.p.s.)
t =- a ln b 0~
1 ~ - ai l


` a = 6r # 10 -2 m/s2 0

i = a0 ^1 - e -ath
T Now by the F.B.D. of the mass ~

a = dt =- a~ =- a ]~ 0 - aig = a2 i - a~ 0
W d~
T-W = g a

` T = W ^1 + a/g h
Clearly at t " 3 a " 0
w ` T = 1.019 W
Therefore correct graph is (c)
6.12 Physics
13. The maximum angular speed of the hoop corresponds
the resultant reaction by disk on the coin is
to the situation when the bead is just about to slide
N2 + f2 = ^mg h + ^n s mg h = mg 1 + n s2
2 2
upward.

The free body diagram of the bead is
9

= 40 # 10 -3 # 10 1 + 16 = 0.5 N

18. 2T sin 2 = dm~2 r bfor small angle sin 2 " 2 l

i i i

m
but dm = l ir
As l = 2rr ` T = m~2 r/2r

for the bead not to slide upwards.

Put m = 20r kg
m~2 ]r sin 45cg cos 45c - mg sin 45c < nN .....(1)

where
and r = 0.25 m
N = mg cos 45c + m~2 ]r sin 45cg sin 45c
.....(2) T
` = 250 N

From 1 and 2 we get 19. The bob of the pendulum moves in a circle of radius

~ = 30 2 rad/s ] R + R sin 30cg = 3R
2
14. Force equation : T sin 30c = m b 2 l ~2
3R

T cos 30c = mg

3 ~2 R 1
& tan 30c = 2 g =
3
2g
& ~=

for just slipping: 3 3R

mg sin i = nmg cos i + m~2 r
3
Solving n = 16

15. As when they collide vt + 2 b 25

1 72v2 l 2
rR t - rR = vt
5rR
` t = 6v
20. T cos i + N = mg ..... (1)
vt
Now angle covered by A = r + R

and T sin i = m~2 r ..... (2)
11r
` angle covered by A = 6

16. The nature of the motion can be determine only if we

know velocity and aceleration as function
of time. Here acceleration and velocity at an instant
is given and not know at any other time so (d). but T = Kx

17. . The friction force on coin just T = 1.47 # 102 ]0.1 sec i - 0.1g
before coin is to slip will be :

Also r = 0.1 tan i
f = n s mg

` we have cos i = 3/5 and T = 9.8 N
Normal reaction on the coin ;

N = mg
 Circular Motion 6.13
21. From length constraint on Ab
(C) During a period of first 6 month of the year
change in velocity not equal to zero. So that average
a cos 45c = b cos 45c
acceleration is not equal to zero.
a =b

(D) In uniform circular motion instantaneous
T sin 45c = m ]a g acceleration is act towards centre of circular path.

mg - T sin 45c = m ]b g 27. For normal reaction at points A and B.

mg - ma = ma mv2

mg - N = r
g
N = mg - r ]rA > rBg
2ma = mg a= 2 mv2



& N A > NB and normal reaction at C is
T mg mg
= 2 T= Nc = mg, so Nc > N A > NB
2 2
28. There is no friction between road and tyres of car
22. 2 2
3 V = v + v - 2v cos 60c 2
=v so that car cannot remain in static equilibrium on
curved section. Whenever speed of car is greater
than or less than v car will slip.
3V v 3v2
aav = 3 t = t = rR
29. When speed of car is 36 km/hr, car can make a
v2 a
& ai = R ; aavi =
rv 2 R r
= 3 turn without skidding. If speed is less than 36 km/
R # 3v2 hr than tendency of slipping is downward so it will
slip down. If speed is greater than 36 km/hr than
23.
tendency of slipping upward so it will slip up.

If the car’s turn at correct speed 36 km/hr
N cos i = mg
mv2
N sin i = r

Fnet is shown in the fiure. So, tension will be max. at
^mgh2 + b mv l Ans.
2
point a and will be min at point B N = r
24. For the ring to move in a circle at
30. T cos 60 o

constant speed the net force on

it should be zero. Here spring
60o
force will provide the necessary 
centripetal force.
60o T /2
kx
` = mxω 2
 3/2
V
k 300 T sin 60 o

& ~= m = = 10 rad/ sec
3
25. In curved path, may be circular or parabolic. mg

In circular path speed and magnitude of acceleration T 3
=
mv2
..... (1)
are constant. 2 l 3 /2
T

In parabolic path acceleration is constant. (projectile) 2 = mg ..... (2)
26. (A) During a period of 1 year displacement is equal
Hence T = 2mg, so (B) holds
to zero, so that average velocity is equal to zero.

(B) During a period of one year distance travel is not V2 = 3 gl/2
equal to zero. So that average speed is not equal to 3 # 9.8 # 1.6

From (1) & (2) ` V = 2
zero.
` V = 2.8 3 m/s. So (C) hold
6.14 Physics
^3gl/2h f (f = mω2r)

^ l 3 /2 h
ac = V2 /r = = 3 # g = 9.8 3 m/s2 α

` (D) holds
F
2rr 2r l 3 /2
^3gl/2 h
t= v =

mg
t = 4r/7 ` (A) holds
Now when the angular speed of the rod is

increasing at const. rate the resultant force
31. Speed of cage = gr = const.

will be more inclined towards f .

Normal reaction at (weight reading)

Hence the angle between F and horizontal plane
mv2 decreases so as with the rod due to increases in
N A - mg = r f = m~2 r only.
N A = 2mg
36. Magnitude of change of velocity is not zero due to

Weight reading at G and C = mg change in direction
mv2
Angular velocity is constant so change zero
mg - NE = r
NE = 0
Magnitude of change in radius is not zero due to
change in direction
]3 a g ! 0 due to change in direction. But magnitude
dv
32. at = dt = a
of acceleration is Constant.
friction force on car = m b vr l + a2
2 2

37. Angular velocity relative to different points may be
mv2

which is greater than r different. Linear velocity will remain same relative
to fixed points also since a = a t2 + a c2 , therefore
^v2 /r h2 + a2 a > at

n min = g
2
a v

Therefore it is not less than g for safe turn. 38. aC = = 1cm/s 2
R
33. Options (a) and (c) are true a =- a, sin i Si - ar cos i Si

T - mg cos 37c =
mv2
=- ar sin 45 Si - ar cos 45 Si
l
m ]0g2
i +Uj i
_S
1

= l =0
=-
2
` T = mg cos 37c
dv
4
at = =0

= 10 # 5 = 8N dt
di

And mg sin 37c = mat 39. w = dt = 2 - 3t2

` at = 6 m/s2 t = 0 & w1 = 2

t = 1 & w2 =- 1
34. v = constant
dw

a = dt =- 6t
f + F + ^mg h > mg
2
35. F = 2
t
2

~ -~

a av = 2 1 1 =- 3 rad/s2
c d v = constant ` Ft = constant m

dt i2 - i1

~ av = 1 = 1 rad/s
 Circular Motion 6.15
mv 2 Q. 43 to 45
40. Here, T - mg cos i = l
0

The angular velocity and linear velocity are mutually

All options are true perpendicular

` v $ ~ = 3x + 24 = 0 or x =- 8
v 5 1

the radius of circle r = ~ == 10 = 2 meter

the acceleration of particle undergoing uniform
circular motion is
a = ~ # v = _ - 8S
i + 4Uj i =- 50U
i + 6Uj i # _3S k
mv 02 46. T = mar ..... (1)

(a) ` T = mg cos i + l
v2
and - mg sin i = mat
ar = R ..... (2)

(b) ` at =- g sin i
V = V0 + at ..... (3)

(c) ` at = g sin i (in magnitude)
Substituting v from eq (2) in equation (1)

Also, x = Ia mv2

we have T = R
g

(d) a = l sin i
Then substituting v =
TR
m ln equation (3)
41. As N sin a = mg
t = ab m - V0 l
1 TR

cos
N a = m~ r 2

47. T = mg & t = a c m = 1 ^ gR - V0 h
1 mgR

g
tan a = 2 ` T2 ? tan a m - V0 a
~ r
48. V0 = 0

` when a increases T also increases

Also T2 ? h tan2 a 1 1 1 gR

x = 2 at2 = 2 a 2 gR = 2a
a

for constant a
49. T - ma = m~2 R .....(1)

T ?h 2

T + 2ma = 2m~2 R .....(2)

Thus when h increases T also increase
From equation (1) and (2)
5r
42. for case : ~1 = 6 rad/ sec 3ma = m~2 R

5r
a = ~2 R/3

~ A/T = 6 rad/ sec
50. Putting the value of a in equation
v 3.14 r

~ B/G = R = 3 = 3 rad/ sec
1) we get T = 4/3m~2 R
r

~ T/G =- 6 rad/ sec (in opposite direction) 51. vB = 2gL sin i vc = 2gL

~ A/G = ~ A/T = ~ T/G
if vC = 2VB

= 6 + b- 6 l = 6 = 3 rad/s.
Then 2gL = 4 (2gl sin i)
5r r 4r 2r

1 1

or sin i = 4 or i = sin -1 4
6.16 Physics
52. Tangential acceleration is at = g cos i 54. (a) F = constant and u # F = 0

Which decrease with time Therefore initial velocity is either in direction
of constant force of opposite to it. Hence the
particle will move in straight line and speed may
Hence the plot of at
increase or decrease
versus time may be a
shown in graph
(b) u $ F = 0 and F = constant

Initial velocity is perpendicular to constant

force, hence the path will be parabolic with

Area under graph in time interval t1 = vB - 0 = vB
speed of particle increasing.

Area under graph in time interval t2 = vC - vB = vB

(c) v $ F = 0 means instantaneous velocity is

hence area under graph in time t1 and t2 is same always perpendicular to force. Hence the speed
` t1 < t2 will remain constant and also F = constant.
since the particle moves in one plane, the
53. & vB - vC = v 2B + v C2 - 2vB vC sin i = vB resulting motion has to be circular.
vC = 2vB sin i
(d) u = 2i + 3j and a = 6i - 9j . hence initial
velocity is in same direction of constant
acceleration, therefore particle moves in straight
line with increasing speed.

55. v = 2t2

Tangential acceleration at = 4t

v2 4t 4

Centripetal acceleration ac = R = R

& 2gl = 2 2gl sin i sin i v 4t
~= R = R

sin3 i = 4 & sin i = b 4 l
1 1 1/3 a 4tR R
tan i = act = 4 = 3
` 4t t
i = sin -1 b 4 l
1 1/ 3

Single Option Correct 2. m~ 2 (,0 + #) = kx

1. k
&d n=
 k,  ,0
+ 1
m x m~ 2
, 0 m~ 2

m~2 (, + x) = kx x
& =
k - m~ 2
b , + 1l = k 2
k 22 m~ 2 so,

x
is equal to
m~ 2
x m~ ,o k
,m ~ 2

x=
k - m~ 2
 Circular Motion 6.17
-k
at t = 2 s a1 = 12 m/s 2
3. U =-
2r 2

The centripetal acceleration
F =- dr =+ 2 ]- 2g r -2 - 1
dU K K
=-
r3
v2 122
mv 2 K
a2 = R = 20 m/s2
According to Ques. r = r3

= 7.2 m/s2 s
1 K
` 2 mv 2 = 2

2r ` anet = a12 + a22 = 122 + 7.22 = 14 m/s2

Now, TE = KE + PE 6.
K K
& TE =- 2 + 2 = 0
2r 2r

4. They have same ~

Centripetal acceleration = ~2 r
a1 ~2 r1 r1
a2 = ~2 r2 = r2 aC =- R cos i S
i - R sin i Uj
V2 V2

5. S = t3 + 5
7. For a particle moving in a circle with constant

Linear speed of the particle angular speed, velocity vector is always tangent to
the circle and the acceleration vector always points
dS

v = dt = 3 t2 towards the centre of circle or is always point towards
the centre of circle or is always along radius of the

at t = 2 s v = ^3 # 22h m/s. circle. Since, tangential vector is perpendicular to
radial vector, therefore, velocity vector will be
= 12 m/s. perpendicular to the acceleration vector. But in no
case acceleration vector is tangent to the circle

Linear acceleration

dv 8. When a force of constant magnitude acts on velocity

a1 = dt = 6 t of particle perpendicularly, then there is no change
in the kinetic energy of particle. Hence, kinetic
energy remains constant.

1. 324
y R ~2 = 0.5 # 0.5
45°
x Q
O 324
~ = 0.5 # 0.5
P

18
~ = 0.5 = 36 rad/ sec .

At 45c P & Q both land in unshaded region.
1 1 5gl
P & Q also have velocity R~ but since P lands 3.5mgl = m + mgl ]1 - cos ig
in point of less Radius & Q lands in point with more 2 2 4
radius. -7

cos i =
8
2. T sin i = mL sin i~2 3r

Hence i lies between &r
4
324 = 0.5 # 0.5 # ~2
6.18 Physics
4. Net acceleration a of the bob in position B has 6. Net reaction of the disc on the block is obtained by
two components. using

(i) a n = radial acceleration (towards BA ) F rot = F in + 2m ]V rot # ~ g + ]~ # r g # ~

(ii) a r = tangential acceleration (Perpendicular to
as
BA )
~t U U
1
m 2
^ ~t h
2 ~ R e - e j + mg k

therefore, direction a is correctly shown in option
(c)

dv
5. mx~2 = mv dx

~2 xdx = vdv

v2 = ~2 x2 + C

R

at x = 2 , v=0

~2 R2
O = 4 +C

~2 R2
C =- 4

~2 R2
` v2 = ~2 x2 - 4

R2
v =~ x2 - 4

# dx
= ~ # dt
x2 - R2 /4

On solving, we get option (a)