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Ebook PDF Community Resources For Older Adults Programs and Services in An Era of Change 5th Edition PDF
Ebook PDF Community Resources For Older Adults Programs and Services in An Era of Change 5th Edition PDF
Ebook PDF Community Resources For Older Adults Programs and Services in An Era of Change 5th Edition PDF
8
Social Behavior Model
The Psychology of Help-Seeking Behavior
Reactance Theory
Theory of External Attribution
Equity Theory
Threat-to-Self-Esteem Model
▸ Best Practice: Equity Theory in Action
Application of Theory in Practice
For More Information
PART II THE CONTINUUM OF SERVICES
Chapter 4 Information and Assistance
Policy Background
Across the Globe: I&R/A in Scotland: The Age Scotland’s
Helpline
Users and Programs
▸ For Your Files: Eldercare Locator
▸ Best Practice: Information and Referral/Assistance
Services—National Center for Benefits Outreach and
Enrollment
Characteristics of Programs
Developing and Maintaining a Resource Database
Promotion of Information and Referral/Assistance Services
Information and Referral/Assistance Process
Information Giving
Assessment and Referral
Advocacy and Crisis Intervention
Follow-Up
▸ Best Practice: Information and Referral/Assistance
Services
Information and Referral/Assistance Services With a
National Scope
Challenges for Information and Referral Services
Enhancing Information and Referral Services
▸ For Your Files: The Alliance of Information and
Referral Systems
Enhancing Information and Referral/Assistance
Databases
Supporting the Future of Information and
Referral/Assistance
▸ Best Practice: Using New Technologies to Provide
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I&R/A
▸ Case Study: Finding and Asking for Help
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 5 Volunteer and Intergenerational Programs
Policy Background
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Older Volunteers
Federal Senior and Volunteer Programs
▸ Best Practice: The Nevada Rural Counties Retired
and Senior Volunteer Program
Other Federally Sponsored Volunteer Initiatives
Public and Private Volunteer Programs
Intergenerational Programs
▸ Best Practice: Aetna Life and Casualty Senior
Volunteer Program
Educational Programs
Recreational Programs
▸ Across the Globe: Magic Me Intergenerational Arts
Programs
Support Programs
Shared Site Programs
Challenges for Volunteer and Intergenerational Programs
Tapping Untapped Potential
▸ For Your Files: Generations Serving Generations
Training Volunteers
Retaining Volunteers
Evaluating Volunteer Programs
Funding and Supporting the Future of Volunteer
Programs
▸ Case Study: Reconnecting With the Community
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 6 Education Programs
Educational Level of Older Adults
Literacy in the Older Adult Population
Lifelong Education
Policy Background
▸ For Your Files: Seniors and Literacy
Users and Programs
10
Institutions of Higher Education
▸ For Your Files: Leadership Asheville Seniors
Community Colleges
▸ Best Practice: Joliet Junior College Plus 50
Workforce Center
Lifelong Learning Institutes
▸ Across the Globe: University of the Third Age
Road Scholar Program (Formerly Elderhostel)
Community-Based Organizations
▸ For Your Files: Women Work
At-Home Educational Experiences
▸ For Your Files: Computer Learning Through
SeniorNet
Challenges for Educational Programs
Increasing Participation of Older Adults
Expanding the Content and Delivery of Education
Programs
Ensuring the Quality of Education Programs
Financing Education Programs
Addressing the Future of Senior Education Programs
▸ Case Study: Can Further Education Help a
Downsized Worker?
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 7 Senior Centers and Recreation
Policy Background
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Senior Center Participants
▸ For Your Files: The Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian
Center
Barriers to Senior Center Participation
▸ For Your Files: Manzano Mesa Multigenerational
Center
Models of Senior Centers
▸ Best Practice: Serving Rural Seniors
Programs Offered at Senior Centers
▸ Best Practice: Innovative Programming at Senior
Centers
▸ Across the Globe: Hikarigaoka Senior Center,
Nerima, Tokyo, Japan
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Addressing Diversity
Challenges for Senior Centers
Who Will Senior Centers Serve in the Future?
How Will Senior Centers Respond to Diversity
Among Seniors?
The Senior Center of the Future
▸ Case Study: Loneliness of a Caregiver
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 8 Employment Programs
Policy Background
Protecting Older Workers
Training for Older Workers
▸ For Your Files: Sloan Center on Aging and Work at
Boston College
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Older Workers
Employers of Older Workers
▸ For Your Files: Job Seeking Online
▸ Across the Globe: Silver Human Resource Center,
Japan
▸ Best Practice: Vantage Aging
Challenges for Older Workers and Employment Programs
Increasing Incentives for Older Workers
Providing Opportunities for Older Workers
Increasing Self-Employment
Supporting Encore Careers
Educating Employers
Preparing for Retirement
▸ Case Study: Beginning the Journey to Financial
Independence at Midlife
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 9 Income Programs
Policy Background
Social Security
Pension Benefits
▸ Across the Globe: Canada’s Guaranteed Income
Supplement
Supplemental Security Income
12
▸ For Your Files: Office of Financial Protection for
Older Americans
Users and Programs
▸ Best Practice: Tax Counseling for the Elderly
Program
Challenges for Income Programs
Bouncing Back From the Recession
Maintaining a Person’s Standard of Living
Enhancing the Income of Older Women
Increasing Participation in Income Programs
Ensuring the Long-Term Financing of Social Security
Maintaining and Enhancing Income Programs in the
Future
▸ Case Study: When the System Fails
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 10 Nutrition and Meal Programs
Nutritional Status Among Older Adults
Physical and Psychosocial Factors That Influence
Nutritional Status
Policy Background
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (Food
Stamp Program)
Nutrition Screening
Users and Programs
Congregate Meal Sites
Home-Delivered Meals
▸ Best Practice: Two Coasts, Two Meals on Wheels
Programs
Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program
Food Banks
Brown Bag Programs
Shopping Assistance Programs
Users of Congregate and Home-Delivered Meal
Programs
▸ For Your Files: Campus Kitchens Project
Challenges for Nutrition Programs
Enhancing Awareness and Use of Nutrition Programs
Serving a Diverse Older Population
Implementing Meal Programs for a New Generation of
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Older Adults
Supporting the Future of Senior Nutrition Programs
▸ Case Study: Good Nutrition—Making Independence
Possible
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 11 Health Care and Wellness
Health Status of Older Adults
▸ For Your Files: AbleData
Federal Health Care Policy
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Medicare
Medicaid
Medical Benefits for Retired Veterans
Health Promotion and Wellness
Policy Background
Health Promotion for Older Adults
▸ Across the Globe: Health Promotion Program—Well
for Life, State Government of Victoria, Australia
▸ Best Practice: REACH Program, Colorado Black
Health Collaborative: The Barbershop and Salon
Program
▸ For Your Files: National Institute on Aging—
Exercise and Physical Activity Resources
▸ Best Practice: EnhanceFitness
Challenges for Health Care and Health Promotion Programs
Serving Diverse Groups of Older Adults
Increasing Research and Program Evaluation
Supporting Health Programs and Policies in the Future
▸ Case Study: Health Concerns After Retirement
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 12 Mental Health Services
Policy Background
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Mental Health Clients
▸ Best Practice: Lifespan’s Geriatric Addiction
Program
▸ Across the Globe: Multidisciplinary Mental Health
Teams
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Mental Health Programs
▸ For Your Files: Mental Health Resources and
Toolkits
Geriatric Mental Health Workforce
▸ Best Practice: Gatekeeper Program
Challenges for Mental Health Programs
Connecting the Delivery Systems
Reaching Diverse Groups
Training Providers
Providing Mental Health Programs in the Future
▸ Case Study: Schizophrenia Complicates Care Needs
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 13 Legal Services
Policy Background
Older Americans Act Support of Legal Assistance
▸ For Your Files: National Resources to Support Elder
Law
Users: Legal Problems of Older Adults
Family Issues
Income
Employment
Health Care
Criminal Legal Problems
▸ Best Practice: National Association of Triads, Inc.
Elder Abuse
Legal Assistance Programs
Legal Hotlines
▸ For Your Files: Two National Resources for Elder
Abuse and Neglect Information
▸ For Your Files: The Samuel Sadin Institute for Law
and Public Policy
Bar Association Services
Dispute Resolution Programs
Money Management Programs
▸ Best Practice: Dispute Resolution Center
Challenges for Legal Programs and Services
Removing Barriers to Legal Services
▸ Across the Globe: Legal Aid for Older Adults in the
United Kingdom
15
Making Legal Programs More Accessible
Supporting Legal Programs in the Future
▸ Case Study: A Widow in Legal Trouble
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 14 Transportation
Policy Background
Users and Programs
Transportation Patterns of Older Adults
Barriers to Public Transit Use
▸ Best Practice: Lane Transit District, Eugene, Oregon
▸ Across the Globe: Programs to Encourage Mobility
Among Older Adults
Transportation Programs
Federal Transit Administration
▸ Best Practice: Partners in Care and the Ride Partners
Program
Department of Health and Human Services
▸ Best Practice: Ride Sharing Evolves to Serving
Older Adults
Challenges for Transportation Programs
Meeting Transit Needs by Creating Livable
Communities
Improving Coordination of Resources
Programmatic Concerns: Barriers to Public
Transportation Use
Elderly Drivers
Addressing Mobility Challenges of Ethnically Diverse
Elders
▸ Case Study: A Need for Transportation Planning and
Coordination
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 15 Housing
The Person–Environment Fit Model
Users and Programs: Independent Living Environments
Single-Family Dwellings
Housing Programs
▸ Best Practice: Los Angeles Housing Department
Handyworker Program
16
Home Sharing
Federal Housing Programs
▸ For Your Files: B’nai B’rith
Naturally Occurring and Planned Retirement
Communities
Senior Cohousing and Other Intentional Communities
▸ Best Practice: Public–Private Partnerships
Single-Room Occupancy Hotels
Challenges for Independent Living Programs
Removing Barriers to Shared Housing
Serving Older Adults Living in Public Housing
Promoting Communities for Older Adults
Enhancing SROs
▸ Best Practice: Communities for a Lifetime
Supportive Living Environments
Accessory Dwelling Units
Congregate Housing
Continuing Care Retirement Communities
Assisted Living
Personal Care Boarding Homes
▸ Across the Globe: Old-Age Homes
Foster Care
▸ Best Practice: Mary Sandoe House
Long-Term Care Facilities
Challenges for Supportive Living Environments
Removing Barriers
Enhancing Services
Protecting Residents
Enhancing Opportunities for Foster Care Residents
Developing Housing Options for Marginalized Older
Adults
Expanding Housing Options for Older Adults
▸ Case Study: Finding a New Home
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 16 Caregiver Support Services
Policy Background
▸ Across the Globe: Elder Care in Sweden
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Family Caregivers
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Support Programs for Family Caregivers
▸ For Your Files: Families Caring for an Aging
America
▸ Best Practice: New York University Caregiver
Intervention
Respite Programs
▸ For Your Files: Alzheimer’s Association
Adult Day Service Centers
▸ Best Practice: Parker Jewish Institute for Health Care
and Rehabilitation
Institutional Respite Care
▸ Best Practice: Social Day Care and Respite Program
Challenges for Caregiver Support Programs and Services
Increasing Participation in Programs
Reaching Diverse Groups
Providing Support for Family Caregivers in the Future
▸ Case Study: A Difficult Decision
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 17 Care Management
Policy Background
Users and Programs
Characteristics of Care Management Clients
▸ Best Practice: Kaiser Permanente’s Care
Management Institute
Care Management Programs
▸ For Your Files: Aging Life Care Association
▸ For Your Files: Connecticut Community Care
▸ For Your Files: Professional Care Management
Institute
Evaluation of Care Management Programs
▸ Across the Globe: Agency for Integrated Care
Challenges for Care Management Programs
Providing Care Management Services
Ensuring the Effectiveness of Care Management
Programs
Providing Quality Care Management Services
Diversifying Care Loads
Addressing Ethical Issues Facing Care Managers
Promoting Care Management in the Future
18
▸ Case Study: When Information and Referral Are Not
Enough
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 18 Home Care Services
Home Care
Policy Background
Users and Programs
▸ For Your Files: National Association for Home Care
and Hospice
Challenges for Home Health Care
Working With New Clients
▸ For Your Files: Caring for Lesbian and Gay Older
Adults
Serving Older Adults in Rural Communities
Financing and Paying for Services
Recruiting and Retaining Staff
Ensuring Quality Care
Supporting Home Health Care in the Future
▸ Best Practice: Visiting Nurse Association of the
Treasure Coast
Hospice
Policy Background
Users and Programs
▸ Across the Globe: Hospice Malta
▸ For Your Files: Suncoast Hospice
Challenges for Hospice
Serving a Greater Diversity of Patients
Supporting Patients Without Families
Assessing Hospice Care
Enhancing Bereavement Programs
Educating Americans on End-of-Life Issues
▸ Case Study: Will Home Health Care Work for
Harriet?
Learning Activities
For More Information
Chapter 19 Long-Term Care Services
Policy Background
Payment for Nursing Home Care
Users and Programs
19
Resident Characteristics
▸ For Your Files: Long-Term Care Insurance
Long-Term Care Facilities
Levels of Care
▸ For Your Files: Special Care Unit, Lynden,
Washington
Specialized Alzheimer’s Unit
▸ Across the Globe: Special Care for Persons With
Dementia in the Netherlands
Staffing Patterns
▸ Best Practice: Intergenerational Programs at St. John
Lutheran Nursing Home
Activity Programs
Residents’ Rights and the Ombudsman Program
▸ For Your Files: The National Consumer Voice for
Quality Long-Term Care
Improving Quality of Life in Nursing Homes
▸ For Your Files: Two Alternative Models for Nursing
Home Care
Challenges for Nursing Homes in the Future
Reforming Reimbursement and Payment for Long-
Term Care Facility Services
Attracting Qualified Staff and Improving Working
Conditions
Increasing Family and Community Involvement
Meeting the Care Needs of a Diverse Group of
Residents
▸ Case Study: Defending Individual Rights—a
Nursing Home’s Dilemma
Learning Activities
For More Information
PART III PREPARING FOR THE FUTURE
Chapter 20 Programs and Services in an Era of Change
Social and Political Influences on Aging Policies and
Programs
Challenges for the Older Americans Act
The Role of the Older Americans Act
Reaching Out to the Private Sector
Who Should Be Eligible for Services?
Cost-Sharing
20
Serving a New Generation of Older Adults: Planning for
21st-Century Aging
References
Index
About the Authors
21
The Authors’ Purpose
Students preparing for careers in gerontology and related areas need more
than a description of existing community resources available for older
adults. They need to understand how programs come to exist through
federal legislation, who uses these resources, how they are delivered, and
the challenges service providers face in meeting the needs of the aging
baby boom cohort.
Robbyn R. Wacker
Karen A. Roberto
22
23
Acknowledgments
We are also indebted to the reviewers who offered their insights for the
fifth edition: Patricia Anafi, SUNY Potsdam; Anita Glee Bertram,
University of Central Oklahoma; Dean Blevins, University of Louisiana at
Monroe; Patricia K. Cianciolo, Northern Michigan University; Renee
Michelsen, University of Southern California; Susan A. Myllykangas,
Northwest Missouri State University; and Laura J. Perry, University of
Florida.
Robbyn R. Wacker
Karen A. Roberto
24
Part I The Social Context of Community
Resource Delivery
25
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