Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ebook PDF The Phlebotomy Textbook 4th Edition PDF
Ebook PDF The Phlebotomy Textbook 4th Edition PDF
4th Edition
Visit to download the full and correct content document:
https://ebooksecure.com/download/ebook-pdf-the-phlebotomy-textbook-4th-edition/
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:05 AM Page vii
Preface
The Phlebotomy Textbook, 4th edition, was written to requisition activities, critical thinking review
provide significant updates to phlebotomy technique, questions, answers to study questions and clini-
collection equipment, and identification protocols. cal situation exercises, procedure evaluation
The 4th edition remains comprehensive, integrating forms, and sample course schedules
theory and procedures with particular attention ● A test bank with more than 1,200 questions
to preexamination variables and safety procedures. ● PowerPoint presentations with lecture points
Detailed explanations of procedures are accompanied and illustrations
by visual reinforcement in boxes, tables, highlighted ● An image ancillary, including more than 300 fig-
technical and safety tips, alerts!, and preexamination ures from the text
considerations. Because the role of the phlebotomist
As with previous editions, this edition provides
continues to expand, this textbook includes practical
up-to-date and accurate information that can be used
information on point-of-care testing (POCT) (with
as an instructional text for phlebotomy technician
new accompanying online procedural videos), arterial
programs, medical laboratory technician and medical
puncture, and vascular access devices, as well as
laboratory science programs, medical assisting pro-
specimen processing and other special collection
grams, and cross-training of nurses and other allied
procedures, such as collection of bone marrow and
health personnel. It is an excellent reference for
other body fluids.
health-care professionals currently practicing phle-
To support today’s learner, the fourth edition in-
botomy, for in-house training programs, or for inde-
cludes key points that highlight important informa-
pendent study for national certification examinations
tion at the end of each chapter; full-color, step-by-step
and employee continuing education.
instructions for all procedures; study questions in a
The content of this book has been rearranged so
multiple-choice format to prepare for certification
the chapters are more logically organized for use as a
examinations; clinical situations that emulate actual
syllabus for teaching the course. Each chapter builds
patient scenarios and promote critical thinking and
on information from previous chapters. The book is
evaluation; and icons throughout the text that point
divided into five sections.
readers to accompanying videos and animations.
Section 1, Phlebotomy and the Health-Care
Additional student resources can be found on
Field, describes the role of the phlebotomist in the
the DavisPlus website (davisplus.fadavis.com). These
health-care system. Major topics include regulatory
resources include videos that show step-by-step tech-
issues, clinical laboratory personnel and laboratory
niques and animations that demonstrate concepts,
tests with their clinical correlations, interpersonal
such as reasons for failure to obtain blood collec-
and communications skills, and the latest safety and
tion, hemolysis, blood flow through the heart, and
infection control requirements.
carbon dioxide/oxygen transport.
Section 2, Body Systems, presents the anatomy and
For educators who adopt this text for their course,
physiology of the body systems and includes disorders
Instructor’s Resources are available on the password-
and diagnostic tests for each system. Emphasis is placed
protected DavisPlus website. These resources include:
on the circulatory system, including the composition
● An Instructor’s Guide with suggested assignments of blood, as well as on the structure and function of
and activities, additional clinical situations, the vascular and cardiac systems. A chapter on medical
vii
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:05 AM Page viii
viii Preface
terminology is included to facilitate understanding and blood collection, bone marrow collection, and
communication in the health-care setting. point-of-care testing
Section 3, Phlebotomy Techniques, describes types ● Color-highlighted Technical Tips to empha-
of phlebotomy equipment, phlebotomy theory, and size important points and help readers avoid
procedures based on the current standards of the complications
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). ● Color-highlighted Phlebotomist Alerts! to empha-
Venipuncture complications, preexamination variables, size critical information that can cause the great-
special collection techniques, dermal puncture, and est danger to the patient or the phlebotomist
arterial blood collection are also included. ● Color-highlighted Safety Tips to protect health-
Section 4, Additional Techniques, presents infor- care workers and patients
mation on point-of-care testing and the collection and ● Color-highlighted Preexamination Considera-
processing of nonblood specimens, such as bone mar- tions to help readers avoid erroneous laboratory
row and other body fluids. Computer applications and test results
the phlebotomist’s role using a laboratory information ● Numerous Clinical Situation exercises to facili-
system (LIS) are important parts of this unit. tate critical thinking
Section 5, Quality Phlebotomy, offers informa- ● An expanded legal chapter, including discus-
tion on legal and ethical considerations, the Health sions on the prevention of medical errors, confi-
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 dentiality, HIPAA and HITECH, malpractice,
(HIPAA) and Health Information Technology for incident reporting, informed consent, and HIV
Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, and consent
quality management with an emphasis on quality ● Correlation of laboratory tests, diagnostic proce-
assessment and quality system essentials. dures, diseases, and disorders with each body
The Phlebotomy Textbook, 4th edition, is written to system
comply with the guidelines established by national ● Key Points at the end of each chapter that sum-
certifying organizations and the essentials published marize important information
by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Labo- ● Multiple-choice study questions to simulate cer-
ratory Science (NAACLS). All procedures are written tification examination questions
in accordance with the most current standards devel- ● Cross-reference notes that draw attention to
oped by the CLSI, The Joint Commission (TJC), and related content in other chapters
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ● Icons throughout the chapter that point out
(OSHA), thus enabling this text to be used as a current additional student resources, such as videos
reference in any health-care setting. and animations available online
Highlighted features of this fourth edition include: ● Appendices listing collection requirements
for frequently ordered laboratory tests, answers
● Learning Outcomes and Key Terms at the begin-
to study questions and clinical situations, ab-
ning of each chapter to emphasize important
breviations, and English-Spanish phrases for
concepts
phlebotomy
● Increased numbers of colored illustrations, pho-
● A Glossary as a quick reference for medical
tographs, diagrams, charts, and tables to help
terminology
students easily visualize important information
● A full-color Tube Guide listing different types
● Full-color, step-by-step Procedures with instruc-
of collection tubes, the additives, the number
tions to help readers visualize each technique
of inversions required, and the laboratory uses of
● Discussion of special collection procedures, in-
the tubes from the two major manufacturers
cluding use of vascular access devices, arterial
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:05 AM Page ix
Reviewers
Rhonda Anderson, PBT(ASCP)CM, Cheri Goretti, MA, MT(ASCP), CMA(AAMA)
BSOM-Healthcare Professor & Coordinator, Medical Assisting & Allied
Instructor, Department of Economic Development Health Programs
and Corporate Training Quinebaug Valley Community College
Greenville Technical College Danielson, Connecticut
Greenville, South Carolina
Randy Charles Gruhlke, MS, PBT(ASCP)
Janet F. Baxter, RN Education Specialist – Associate Program Director,
Instructor, Department of Nursing and Allied Mayo College of Medicine – Mayo Clinic School
Health of Health Sciences
Arkansas State University Newport-Jonesboro Mayo Clinic Rochester
Jonesboro, Arkansas Rochester, Minnesota
ix
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:05 AM Page x
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xi
Acknowledgments
We wish to thank the many individuals who spent Loontjer, MLS(ASCP), for talent in producing the
much time and effort on the success of this book and videos.
accompanying online resources. We also appreciate the encouragement from and
We are greatly indebted to the many dedicated pro- dedication of the supportive team at F. A. Davis. A very
fessionals at Methodist Hospital, in Omaha, Nebraska special thank you goes to Christa Fratantoro, Senior
for their enthusiasm and willingness to provide us with Acquisitions Editor, Health Professions; George Lang,
technical expertise and photographic opportunities. Director of Content Development; Stephanie Kelly,
We particularly thank Cyndi Schaer, PBT(ASCP), Developmental Editor; Amelia Blevins, Developmental
Phlebotomy Team Leader, for always being available Editor of Digital Products; Jaclyn Scarborough, Mar-
to share her expertise, provide charts, forms, and keting Manager; Elizabeth Stepchin, Content Project
procedures, and organize the photographic compo- Manager; and Jason Torres, photographer and video-
nent; Brenda Franks, MLS(ASCP), POCT Coordina- grapher, for their enthusiasm and dedication.
tor, for her invaluable POCT resources; and Jessica
xi
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xii
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xiii
Contents in Brief
SECTION ONE SECTION FOUR
PHLEBOTOMY AND THE ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES 353
HEALTHCARE FIELD 1
CHAPTER 13 Point-of-Care Testing 355
CHAPTER 1 Phlebotomy and the CHAPTER 14 Additional Duties of the
Health-Care Delivery System 3 Phlebotomist 393
CHAPTER 2 The Clinical Laboratory 23
SECTION FIVE
CHAPTER 3 Safety and Infection
Control 43 QUALITY PHLEBOTOMY 429
CHAPTER 15 Ethical and Legal Issues 431
SECTION TWO
CHAPTER 16 Quality Management in
BODY SYSTEMS 75
Phlebotomy 443
CHAPTER 4 Basic Medical Terminology 77
CHAPTER 5 Basic Anatomy and APPENDIX A: Common Laboratory Tests
Physiology 93 and the Collection Tube
CHAPTER 6 The Circulatory System 131 Requirements 465
APPENDIX B: Answers to Study
SECTION THREE
Questions 477
PHLEBOTOMY TECHNIQUES 155
APPENDIX C: Answers to Clinical
CHAPTER 7 Venipuncture Equipment 157 Situations 481
CHAPTER 8 Routine Venipuncture 191 APPENDIX D: Abbreviations 487
CHAPTER 9 Preexamination Variables APPENDIX E: English-Spanish Phrases
and Venipuncture for Phlebotomy 495
Complications 223
CHAPTER 10 Special Blood Collection 261 GLOSSARY 497
CHAPTER 11 Dermal Puncture 295 INDEX 511
CHAPTER 12 Arterial Blood Collection 333
xiii
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xiv
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xv
Contents
SECTION ONE The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 12
PHLEBOTOMY AND THE The Joint Commission 13
HEALTHCARE FIELD 1 The College of American Pathologists 13
The Commission on Laboratory Assessment 13
CHAPTER 1 Phlebotomy and the The National Accrediting Agency for Clinical
Health-Care Delivery System 3 Laboratory Sciences 13
Learning Outcomes 3 Health-Care Delivery System 13
Key Terms 3 Hospital Organization 14
Introduction 4 Hospital Services and Departments 14
Phlebotomy Now 4 Professional Service Departments 16
Duties of the Phlebotomist 4 Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging 16
Traditional Duties 5 Radiation Therapy 16
Phlebotomy and the Changing Health-Care System 5 Nuclear Medicine 16
Additional Duties of Phlebotomists 5 Occupational Therapy 16
Professional and Personal Characteristics Pharmacy 16
of the Phlebotomist 5 Physical Therapy 16
Dependable, Cooperative, Committed 6
Respiratory Therapy 16
Compassionate, Courteous, Respectful 6
Cardiovascular Testing 16
Integrity, Honesty, Competence 6
Clinical Laboratory 16
Organized, Responsible, Flexible 7
Other Health-Care Settings 16
Appearance 7
Physician Office Laboratories and Group Practices 17
Communication Skills 7
Health Management Organizations
Cultural Diversity 8 and Preferred Provider Organizations 17
Telephone Skills 10 Reference Laboratories 17
Phlebotomy Education and Certification 10 Government and Hospital Clinics 17
Certification 11 Home Health Care 17
Licensure 11 Bibliography 18
Continuing Education 12 Key Points 19
Regulatory Issues 12 Study Questions 20
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments Clinical Situations 22
of 1988 12
xv
6842_FM_i-xxvi 19/01/19 11:06 AM Page xvi
xvi Contents
Contents xvii
xviii Contents
Contents xix
Other Factors Influencing Patient Test Results 229 Removal of the Needle 249
Diurnal Variation 229 Hematoma Formation 249
xx Contents
Contents xxi
xxii Contents
Individualized Quality Control Plan 362 Collection of Throat Culture Specimens 399
Documentation of QC 363 Collection of Sweat Electrolytes 402
Common POCT Errors 365 Collection of Nasopharyngeal
Safety 366 Specimens 403
Procedures 368 Bone Marrow Collection 403
Preexamination Phase 368 Donor Blood Collection 405
Examination Phase 368 Donor Selection 405
White Blood Cell Count 376 Receiving and Transporting Specimens 407
Urinalysis 376 Nonblood Specimens 408
Occult Blood 379 Cerebrospinal Fluid 408
Contents xxiii
"On aina, puku toki pätee", tuumi toinen. "Ei tarvita minkään
Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieun terävyyttä sen
hoksaamiseen, veliseni. Ja tietysti niistä hiven heltiää mieheen.
Mutta kenties pystymme hänen suhteensa parempaankin kauppaan.
Hän on karannut. Tunkiolta ei joka päivä löydä tryffeleitä."
"Olen isä Bernard. Tee minulle nyt tiliä tuosta pojasta, ja puhu
totta.
Mitä olet hänelle tehnyt? Niin, kyllä sietääkin sinun vapista, heittiö!"
"Nuorahyppijä, isä."
"Minne?"
Oikeuden edessä.
"Se lienee juuri sama mies, jolta ostitte myrkyn?" sanoi tuomari
ollen vilkaisevinaan muistiinpanoihinsa.
"Niin."
"Niin."
"En tiedä."
"En."
"Eikä lähtiessännekään?"
"Ei."
"Kuinka siis saatoitte tietää, madame, että hän tuli tuon katalan
henkilön lähettämänä, jonka luona olitte käynyt?"
"Tahdon."
"Niin."