The Clat Post August 20235724447

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S. No. Contents
1. Minamata Convention 4
Agnibaan Suborbital Technological Demonstrator (Sorted) And India’s Private Space
2. 5
Industry
3. Georgia Racketeer Influenced And Corrupt Organizations Act 8
4. Gyanvapi Mosque Issue 9
5. Cauvery Water Dispute And Important Water Disputes In India 11
6.
7.
15th Brics Summit
Bharatnet Project
c o m 12
14
8.
9.
India Srilanka Relations And Katchtheevu Island Dispute
Takeaways From 15th August Speech Of Pm And Independence Day Celebration
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10. Urea Gold Fertilizer
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11. Akira ransomware and all about cyber attacks and cyber policy of india 20
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India in arctic
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Crispr cas9 and gene editing in mustard breeding
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14. Post-quantum cryptography and all about cryptocurrency 24
15. 25
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Bharat ncap
16. Current affairs practice sheet (caps) 27
17. National 46
18. International 56
19. Science & Technology tr-5M7T2Q4O

4S4R7S 58
20. Appointmens & Resignations 61
21. Awards & Recognition 64
22. Books & Author 69

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23. Important Days 70
24. Obitury 75
25. Ranking 77
26. Sports 79
27. Summit's & MoU's 83
28. Banking And Economy 87
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29. 95
Supreme Court Directs High Courts, State Dgps To Ensure Compliance With Arnesh
30. 96
Kumar Guidelines To Avoid Unnecessary Arrests
31. Mediation Bill, 2021 Passed In Rajya Sabha 97
Supreme Court Stays Conviction Of Rahul Gandhi In Defamation Case For Remark On
32. 98
Modi Surname
President Gives Assent To Government Of National Capital Territory Of Delhi
33. 100
(Amendment) Act 2023
Accusations Made In Complaint To Lawful Authority In Good Faith Cannot Attract
34. 101
Offence Of Defamation: Supreme Court
"If You Don't Like Them, Don't Watch Them": Supreme Court Dismisses Pils For
35. 102
Guidelines To Regulate Tv News Channels
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August, 2023
MINAMATA CONVENTION
The Minamata Convention on Mercury is a multilateral environmental agreement that addresses specific human
activities contributing to widespread mercury pollution. Implementation of this agreement will help reduce global
mercury pollution over the coming decades.
 The Minamata Convention on Mercury is a global pact designed to safeguard human health and the environment
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from the harmful effects of mercury and its derivatives.
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 It was agreed upon during the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee's fifth session in Geneva, Switzerland, in
2013. It went into effect in 2017.
lifespan.
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 One of the significant duties under the Convention is to control anthropogenic mercury leaks throughout its
 The Convention also handles intermediate mercury storage and disposal once it has become trash, mercury-
contaminated places, and health concerns.
 The Convention has been ratified by India.
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Why Mercury?
 Mercury is in the top 10tr-
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chemicals
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of major public health concern according to the World Health Organization.
By enhancing the reduction of mercury pollution, the Convention protects the environment and the lives of millions
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of people around the world.
 Major highlights of the Minamata Convention include a ban on new mercury mines, the phase-out of existing ones,
the phase-out and phase-down of mercury use in a number of products and processes, control measures on
emissions to air and on releases to land and water, and the regulation of the informal sector of artisanal and small-
scale gold mining. The Convention also addresses interim storage of mercury and its disposal once it becomes waste,
sites contaminated by mercury as well as health issues.
 The Convention was agreed at the fifth session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on mercury in
Geneva, Switzerland at 7 a.m. on the morning of Saturday, 19 January 2013 and adopted later that year on 10 October
2013 at a Diplomatic Conference (Conference of Plenipotentiaries), held
4S4R7Sin Kumamoto, Japan. The Minamata
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Convention entered into force on 16 August 2017, on the 90th day after the date of deposit of the 50th instrument
of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
What is Mercury used for?

 Mercury's high coefficient of thermal expansion and simple visibility make it ideal for use in conventional
thermometers and barometers. tr-5I7G2I4G4B
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 Mercury has been utilised in a variety of chemical and mining operations, including the generation of chlorine and
gold mining.
 Electronics and Electrical Switches: Mercury-wetted switches are employed in a variety of electrical applications
due to the conductivity and low resistance of mercury, which make it appropriate for forming a dependable
electrical connection.
World Health Organisation

 Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.
 There are 194 Member States, 150 country offices, and six regional offices.
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 It is an intergovernmental organisation that collaborates with its member countries, typically through their
Ministries of Health.
 The WHO offers global health leadership by guiding the health research agenda, creating norms and standards,
articulating evidence-based policy alternatives, providing technical assistance to nations, and monitoring and
analysing health trends.
 It began operations on April 7, 1948, which is now observed as World Health Day every year.
1. When was the Mimanta Convention agreed upon? (d) All of the above.
(a) 2010 (b) 2012
(c) 2013 (d) 2017 4. Where is the World Health Organisation
headquartered?
2. When did the convention come into effect? (a) Geneva (b) Gland
(a) 2017 (b) 2018 (c) Paris (d) None of the above.
(c) 2019 (d) 2022
3. In which of the following does Mercury find a use?

(a) Thermometers
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Day observed?
(a) April 15
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On which of the following dates is the World Health
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(b) Generation of chlorine (c) March 14 (d) April 7
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(c) Electrical switches
ANSWER KEY &EXPLANATIONS

1.
Solutions:
(c) It was agreed upon during the
k e at 7 a.m. on the morning of Saturday, 19
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Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee's January 2013 and adopted later that year on 10
fifth session in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2013. October 2013 at a Diplomatic Conference
2.
3.
4.
(a) It went into effect in 2017.
(d) Mercury finds a use in all of the above.
(a) The Convention was agreed at the fifth7S
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session
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(Conference of Plenipotentiaries), held in
Kumamoto, Japan.
(d) It began operations on April 7, 1948, which is
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of the Intergovernmental tr-5M
Negotiating now observed as World Health Day every year.
Committee on mercury in Geneva, Switzerland
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AGNIBAAN SUBORBITAL TECHNOLOGICAL DEMONSTRATOR
(SORTED) AND INDIA’S PRIVATE SPACE INDUSTRY
Why in News?
Agnikul Cosmos, an Indian aerospace company, is on track to become the country's first private business to design,
construct, and launch a liquid-fueled rocket. The initial rocket, dubbed
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'Agnibaan
4S4R7S SOrTeD' (SubOrbital Technological
Demonstrator), will undertake suborbital testing in the next weeks.
Significance:
This launch is essential for startups to validate rocket systems before embarking on more ambitious projects.
The launch of the world's first 3D-printed rocket, Agnibaan SOrTeD, will be a new step.
3D Printing:
 3D printing or additive manufacturing is constructing a three-dimensional 4A7B
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It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control,
with material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
 In the 1980s, 3D printing techniques were considered suitable only for the production of functional or aesthetic
prototypes, and a more appropriate term for it at the time was rapid prototyping. As of 2019, the precision,
repeatability, and material range of 3D printing have increased.
 Some 3D printing processes are considered viable as an industrial-production technology, whereby the term
additive manufacturing can be used synonymously with 3D printing. One of the key advantages of 3D printing is
the ability to produce very complex shapes or geometries that would be otherwise infeasible to construct by hand,
including hollow parts or parts with internal truss structures to reduce weight. Fused deposition modeling (FDM),
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which uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material, is the most common 3D printing process in use as of
2020.
More about Agnibaan

 Agnikul's unique Agnilet engine, a 3D-printed, single-piece, 6kN semi-cryogenic engine, powers Agnibaan SOrTeD.
 It will launch vertically and follow a planned trajectory while performing precise manoeuvres, unlike ordinary
rockets.
 During the unveiling of the launch vehicle, ISRO and IN-SPACe authorities hailed Agnikul's progress.
 The objective of the company is to democratise space exploration through accessibility and cost-effectiveness.
Distinguished from ISRO:

While ISRO is also developing semi-cryogenic engines, Agnikul's Agnilet engine is built exclusively for their liquid-
fueled rocket. ISRO's SCE-2000 intends to increase India's rocket lifting capability, highlighting the two organisations'
programmes' differing goals and sizes.
InSPACE:
 Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) is a single-window, independent, nodal
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agency that functions as an autonomous agency in the Department of Space (DOS). It is formed following the Space
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sector reforms to enable and facilitate the participation of private players.
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 N-SPACe is responsible to promote, enable authorize and supervise various space activities of non-governmental
entities including building launch vehicles & satellites and providing space-based services; sharing space
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infrastructure and premises under the control of DOS/ISRO; and establishing of new space infrastructure and
facilities.
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 The agency acts as an interface between ISRO and Non-Governmental Entities (NGEs) and assesses how to utilize
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India’s space resources better and increase space-based activities. It also assesses the needs and demands of private
players, including educational and research institutions, and explores ways to accommodate these requirements in
consultation with ISRO.
a
India’s Space Industry:
 The Indian space sector tr-
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predicted reach USD 50 billion by 2025, according to research by the Confederation of
Indian sector (CII), driven by demand for satellite-based services such as communications, navigation, and earth
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observation.
 According to the research, the business has the potential to create 100,000 direct and indirect employment. The
space sector has historically been dominated by government-owned corporations.
 In a rapidly expanding global space economy, Indian industry held only a 3% stake. The worldwide space business
is currently projected to be worth $360 billion.
Indian Space Policy 2023: Towards greater private sector participation

The Union Cabinet has adopted the Indian Space Policy 2023, which aims to increase corporate investment and promote
commercial engagement in all facets of space activity. 4S4R7S
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 The strategy aims to institutionalise private sector engagement in the space industry while allowing the Indian
Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to focus on advanced space technology research and development.
 The policy defines the duties of ISRO, New Space India Limited (NSIL), and the Indian National Space Promotion
and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe), with NSIL taking over the operational portion of ISRO's missions.
 IN-SPACe is a single-window, independent nodal organisation under the Department of Space that intends to
promote and strengthen the participation of Non-Governmental 4B4A7B
Organisations
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industry.
 New Space India Limited (NSIL) is the country's first public sector space venture and the commercial arm of ISRO,
tasked with the production and marketing of space-based services and with the authority to own ISRO's operational
launch vehicles and space assets.
 ISP promotes the private sector to invest in new infrastructure and establishes the framework for private sector
usage of ISRO capabilities.
 It also clarifies the legislative framework for operations ranging from remote sensing to deep-space exploration,
while also allocating funding to deep-space scientific and technology research.
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Space operations to be undertaken by the private sector under ISP 2023:
 Private businesses can manufacture launch vehicle components and subsystems, lowering costs and fostering an
indigenous space industry. AgniKul Cosmos, for example, is developing a tiny satellite launch vehicle.
 Private actors can manufacture spacecraft components and perform integration and testing, lowering costs and
building private skills. For instance, Bellatrix Aerospace is working with ISRO to develop electric propulsion
systems.
 Private parties can launch spacecraft from launch vehicles and build and maintain launch infrastructure. Skyroot
Aerospace, for example, is developing tiny satellite launch vehicles and has signed an arrangement with the Satish
Dhawan Space Centre.
 Private businesses can supply space-based services and manage spacecraft ground stations. OneWeb, for example,
has partnered with Bharti Airtel to deliver high-speed internet services across India.
 Using satellite data, private companies can build space-based apps that provide useful data to a variety of industries.
For instance, Pixxel, an Indian company, is creating a network of earth observation satellites to provide high-
6.
resolution image services to a variety of sectors.
Which of the following companies is all set to 8.
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What is the name of the liquid propelled engine
.
become India’s first private player to launch a liquid- being developed by ISRO
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fuelled rocket? (a) SCE-1000 (b) SCE-2000
(a) Agnikul Cosmos (c) SCE-X (d) SCE
(b) Agnibaan Cosmos
(c) Skyroot Aerospace
(d) Bharti Airtel
9.
k e The Indian Space sector is expected to reach USD 50

billion by which of the following years?
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(a) 2023 (b) 2025
7. What is the name of the engine used in Agnikul’s (c) 2027 (d) 2030
rocket?
(a) Agnibaan
(c) Agnilet
(b) Agnibhed
(d) None of the above.
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10. Which of the following private players has been
engaged in developing tiny satellite launch vehicles?
(a) Bharti Airtel (b) Agnikul Cosmos
6. To
(a) Agnikul Cosmos, an Indian aerospace company,
is on track to become the country's first private

9.
(c) Pixxel (d) Skyroot Aerospace
(b) The Indian space sector is predicted to reach

USD 50 billion by 2025, according to research by
business to design, construct, and launch a the Confederation of Indian sector (CII), driven
liquid-fueled rocket. by demand for satellite-based services such as
7. (c) Agnikul's unique Agnilet engine, a 3D-printed, communications, navigation, and earth
single-piece, 6kN semi-cryogenic engine, observation.
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powers Agnibaan SOrTeD. 10. tr-5M
(d) Private parties can launch spacecraft from
8. (b) While ISRO is also developing semi-cryogenic launch vehicles and build and maintain launch
engines, Agnikul's Agnilet engine is built infrastructure. Skyroot Aerospace, for example,
exclusively for their liquid-fueled rocket. ISRO's is developing tiny satellite launch vehicles and
SCE-2000 intends to increase India's rocket has signed an arrangement with the Satish
lifting capability, highlighting the two Dhawan
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Space Centre.
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organisations' programmes' differing goals and
sizes.
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GEORGIA RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND CORRUPT
ORGANIZATIONS ACT
Why in news
Former United States President Donald Trump and 18 of his allies have been charged in the grand jury indictment in
Georgia is for the “Violation of the Georgia RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organisations) Act” along with 40
other crimes, which mainly include forgery, making false statements, impersonating a public officer, influencing
witnesses, and conspiracy etc.
About the act

The Georgia RICO Act is an anti-racketeering law based on the US federal RICO Act of 1970. Both the federal and state
laws were enacted to target organised crime and criminal syndicates, but their focus has since been expanded beyond
the mafia, and the provisions have come to be used in a range of illegal activities from Ponzi schemes and embezzlement
to corruption.Under the Georgia RICO statute, prosecutors must essentially demonstrate the existence of an
“enterprise” and a “pattern of racketeering activity”.
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The law is drafted “broadly enough to encompass a wide range of criminal activity, taking many different forms and
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likely to attract a broad array of perpetrators”.RICO laws allow prosecutors to charge multiple people who commit
separate crimes while working towards a common goal.
What is a Pattern of Racketeering Activity?
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A pattern consists of at least two acts of racketeering activity in furtherance of one or more incidents, schemes, or
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transactions that have the same or similar intent, results, accomplices, victims or methods of commission or otherwise
are interrelated by distinguishing characteristics and are not isolated incidents. The incidents do not have the occur at
Penalty for a RICO Conviction 2Q4O4S4R

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the same time, but at least one of the incidents must be within four years of a prior incident of racketeering activity. A
couple of isolated incidents will not be sufficient to establish a pattern.
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A person convicted of a crime under the RICO Act will be guilty of a felony and will be punished by either prison or a
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fine. If the penalty is prison, the term will be between five and twenty years. If the penalty is a fine, it will not exceed
the greater of $25,000.00 or three times the amount of any pecuniary value gained by him or her from such violation.
The fine amount will be determined by a hearing.
Organised Crime
Organized crime thrives worldwide, affecting governance and political processes, and weakening the advancement of
the rule of law. It encompasses, inter alia, illicit trafficking of firearms, drugs, protected species, cultural property, or
falsified medical products and, among its most severe manifestations, human trafficking and the smuggling of migrants.
It also includes the laundering of proceeds of crime and obstruction of justice. 7SMoreover, with all forms of organized
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crime shifting ever more to being dependent on or incorporating online aspects, including the use of virtual assets, its
reach and capability of harm is increasing.
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is applicable to all forms of serious crime of
transnational nature committed by organized criminal groups.The Convention represents a major step forward in the
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fight against transnational organized crime and signifies the recognition by Member States of the seriousness of the
problems posed by it, as well as the need to foster and enhance close international cooperation in order to tackle those
problems.
Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA), 1999.

Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA), 1999 is the act similar to Georgia RICO Act in India. The Act
provides the State Government with special powers to tackle these issues, including powers of surveillance, relaxed
evidentiary standards and procedural safeguards, and prescribing additional criminal penalties, including the death
penalty.
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11. What is the Capital of Georgia? 13. In US Donald Trump belong to which party?
(a) Augusta (b) Atlanta (a) Socialistic Party (b) Reform Party
(c) Athens (d) Savannah (c) Libertarian Party (d) Republican Party
12. Who is the Executive Director of the United Nations 14. Which country recently acceded to the United
Office on Drugs and Crime? Nations Convention Against Transnational
(a) Ghada Fathi Waly Organized Crime?
(b) Amina J.Mohommed (a) Bhutan (b) Japan
(c) Earle Courtenay Ryder (c) Germany (d) China
(d) Jorge Moreira
15. Which of the following state recently passed the bill
for organized crime?
(a) Maharashtra (b) Rajasthan
(c) Haryana (d) Uttar Pradesh
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11. (b) Atlanta serves as the capital of Georgia since 2017 to 2021. He is the member of Republican
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1868. It is the state's largest city and the 9th Party.
largest metropolitan area in the United States. 14. (a) Bhutan becomes the 191st party to the
12. (a) United Nations Secretary-General António Convention through its accession. The purpose
Guterres announced on 21 November 2019 the
appointment of Ghada Fathi Waly of Egypt as
k e of the convention is to promote cooperation to

prevent and combat transnational organized
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the next Executive Director of the United crime more effectively. Bhutan has acceded to
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). the United Nations Convention Against
Ms. Waly will also serve as Director-General of
the United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV).
She succeeds Yuri Fedotov of the Russian
Federation to whom the 7T2Q4O4S4R
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Secretary-General is
p r a Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and

its Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish
Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and
Children.
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grateful for his dedicated service to the 15. (b) The Rajasthan assembly passed a bill to ensure
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Organization. strict action against organised crime, with
13. (d) Donald John Trump is an American politician, provisions for life imprisonment or even capital
media personality, and businessman who served punishment on the death of a victim and a
as the 45th president of the United States from minimum five-year prison term for sheltering
gang members.
GYANVAPI MOSQUE ISSUE

Why in news 4S4R7S
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The Supreme Court of India declined to issue a stay order on the survey of the Gyanvapi Mosque to be conducted by
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).The Supreme Court was hearing a plea by the Mosque Committee who had
cited a 1991 Act that mentions that all religious structures will remain as they were found in 1947 during India's
Independence, to challenge the Allahabad High Court order allowing the ASI survey.
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Historical Background tr-5I7G2I4G4B
It was in 1991, a year before the Babri Masjid demolition took place, that a group of priests in Varanasi filed a petition
in the court, seeking permission to worship on the Gyanvapi mosque premises. Thirty years later in 2021, the Allahabad
High Court stayed proceedings in the Kashi Vishwanath Mandir-Gyanvapi Masjid case in a Varanasi court, suspending
a controversial archaeological survey of the premises to determine whether a Hindu temple was partially razed to build
the 17th-century mosque.The current controversy was ignited when five Hindu women knocked on the doors of the
court in 2021, seeking to worship the Shringar Gauri and other idols within the Gyanvapi mosque complex.
Shivling v. fountain
In 2022, the confidential court-mandated Gyanvapi mosque complex survey took place amid interruptions and protests
and Hindu petitioners claimed the discovery of a ‘Shivling’ close to the ‘wazukhana’–the water tank used to perform
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ritual ablutions before ‘namaz’.The Gyanvapi mosque survey was concluded on May 16. The Hindu side in the matter
has claimed that a 'Shivling' was found inside a reservoir on the mosque complex during the survey. The Muslim side,
however, dismissed the claim and said it was only a fountain.
Survey Committee's Report Submitted

On May 19th, the Supreme Court Bench deferred hearings by a day and stayed all proceedings in the matter at the
Varanasi Civil Court until it heard the matter on May 20th—after the Order, the Civil Court listed the matter for hearing
on May 23rd. The same day, the Survey Committee submitted two reports to the Varanasi Civil Court on its findings.
The debris of Hindu temples was found on the mosque’s northern and western flanks. Hindu symbols and iconography
were visible on pillars located in the mosque’s basement. Large panels were found that were ‘sindoorcoloured’—which
the petitioners claim are the remnants of the Maa Shringar Gauri idols.
Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act

The Union Government watched the growing Babri Masjid-Ayodhya dispute with trepidation. On September 12th, 1991,
the Rajya Sabha passed the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Actwhich prevents the conversion of a place of
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worship from the form it took on August 15th, 1947. This legislation, which sought to prevent future tussles over the
identity and origins of religious sites, made an important exception.
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In October 2020, Advocate Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay filed a Writ Petition at the Supreme Court challenging the
constitutionality of Sections 2,3, and 4 of the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991.
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Conclusion
The Gyanvapi Mosque controversy prompted similar developments from other parts of the country. Notably, the
16. Who is the founder of Archeological Survey of India?

e
Supreme Court is also hearing a case related to the Krishna Janmabhoomi-Shahi Idgah dispute in Mathura.
k (d) Ram Jananbhoomi v. Radha Krishan

(a) John Marshall
(b) Alexander Cunningham
(c) R.D. Banerji
r an 19. Places of Worship (Special Provisions)

provisions would not apply to the
Act
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(d) V. Vidyavathi (a) Babri Masjid-Ayodhya dispute
4S 4R7S (b) Gyanvapi Mosque controversy
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17.
18.
(a) Morarji Desai
To
Who was the Prime Minister of India in 1991?
(b) Indira Gandhi
(c) Manmohan Singh (d) PV Narsimha Rao
Which of the following relates to Ram Janambhoomi

Case?
20.
(c) Krishan Janambhoomi Dispute
(d) All of the above
Vishweshwara temple was first destroyed in the 12th

century by
(a) Aurangzeb
(a) Mohd Siddique v Mahant Suresh Das (b) Hyder Ali
(b) Ram Jananbhoomi v Naryan Rao (c) Qutub-ud-din Aibak,
(c) Radha Krishan v Narayan Rao (d) Tipu Sultan
ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

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16. (b) The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an 18. (a) Mohd Siddique v Mahant Suresh Das is the Ram
Indian government agency that is responsible Jhanambhoomi case. The Court overturned the
for archaeological research and the conservation 2010 Allahabad High Court judgment that
and preservation of cultural historical divided the title to the Babri Masjid / Ram
monuments in the country. It was founded in 2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I7GJanmabhoomi site. It awarded the title to the
1861 by Alexander Cunningham who also deity, Shri Ram Virajman.
became its first Director-General. 19. (a) The law disallowed any change in the religious
17. (d) Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao, status of a place of worship that existed since or
popularly known as P. V. Narasimha Rao, was an before August 15, 1947. The law exempted the
Indian lawyer, statesman and politician who structure as the disputed mosque at Ayodhya
served as the 9th prime minister of India from was under legal scrutiny at that time.
1991 to 1996. He is known for introducing 20. (c) While the exact age of this Vishweshwara
various liberal reforms to India's economy. temple is ambiguous, historians agree that it was
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh described Rao first destroyed in the 12th century by Qutub-ud-
as the true father of economic reforms in India. din Aibak, the General of Ghurid Sultan
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Mohammad Gauri. Efforts at rebuilding the mosque be built on its remains in the 13th
temple were stalled by Princess Raziyat-ud-din century.
of the Delhi Sultanate—who ordered that a
CAUVERY WATER DISPUTE AND IMPORTANT WATER DISPUTES

IN INDIA
Why in news
The Supreme Court agreed to constitute itself a bench to hear the Cauvery River water-sharing dispute where Tamil
Nadu has sought direction to Karnataka to release 24,000 cusecs of water daily for standing crops.The matter has been
a controversial issue between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu for decades and they have been locked in a battle over the
sharing of water from the Cauvery River, which is a major source of irrigation and drinking water for millions of people
in the region.
Cauvery Water Dispute

The use and development of Cauvery waters were regulated by agreements of 1892 and 1924 between the erstwhile
c o m
.
princely state of Mysore and the Madras presidency.With the reorganization of states in 1956, the situation changed a
rs
bit because the 802-km-long Cauvery River, which originateas at Talacauvery in Kodagu district in Karnataka, traverses
mainly through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
k e
The Cauvery River is fed by seasonal monsoon rains and several tributaries. So, in times of a heavy monsoon rains, this
region witnesses excessive flow of water in the river and floods, but in times of insufficient rains, there is a drought like
n
situation, and as the irrigation needs of farmers are not met, the two states indulge in the ancient ritual of blaming each
other.In 1974, Karnataka asserted that the 1924 agreement entailed a discontinuation of the water supply to Tamil Nadu
a
after 50 years and the dispute assumed a central stage. Hence, a tribunal was formed to give award but the matter
r
reached in SC whereby SC in 2018 directed Karnataka to release water to Tamil Naidu which is not yet implemented.
Mahadayi Water Disputes tr-5M7T2Q4O4S4R
p 7S
To
The dispute of the Mahadayi Water Disputes is focused on the water allocation of Mahadayi between Goa and
Karnataka. Here, it was proposed that Goa would get to use 24 tmcft, Karnataka 5.4 tmcft with Maharashtra 1.33 tmcft
of the river basin. Karnataka had originally proposed that it wanted to use the water from the Mahadayi river to funnel
it into the Malaprabha river under the project Kalasa-Banduri Nala. This was what had sparked off a dispute and had to
be settled through the Mahadayi Water Disputes Tribunal. The tribunal had only allocated around 40. 125 tmcft of the
water from the river for consumption amongst the states through which the river flows. Karnataka, however, was not
satisfied with the distribution of the water allocation done by the tribunal and went to the Supreme Court. On February
27th, 2020 the union government had allowed Karnataka to use 13.42 tmcft from the river though 8 tmcft was allotted
for generation of power.
7S
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SYL Dispute
When the resources of Punjab- prior to the reorganisation in 1966- were to be divided between the two states, the terms
on sharing waters of the other two rivers, Ravi and Beas, were left undecided.A decade after the reorganisation of Punjab,
the Centre issued a notification in 1976 that both the states will receive 3.5 million acre-feet (MAF) of water each. Again,
on December 31, 1981, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan signed an agreement to reallocate the waters of Ravi and Beas in
‘overall national interest and for optimum utilisation of the waters. 4G4B4A7B tr-5I7G2I
In 2002, the top court directed Punjab to continue work on the SYL and complete it within a year. The state, however,
moved a review against the SC order but the petition was rejected.In 2004, following orders by the top court, the Central
Public Works Department (CPWD) was appointed to take over the canal work from the Punjab government. However,
the Punjab Assembly passed the Punjab Termination of Agreements Act (PTAA), which abrogated all its river water
agreements with neighbouring states. Then-President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam referred this Bill to the Supreme Court to
decide on its legality in the same year.In response to the presidential reference, a constitution bench of the Supreme
Court had on November 10, 2016, set aside the PTAA, a law which unilaterally terminated Punjab’s water sharing pact
with Haryana. The dispute is still on as the construction work of canal is not yet completed.
12
Inter-State River Water Disputes Act
The resolution of water dispute is governed by the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956.
According to its provisions, if a State Government makes a request regarding any water dispute and the Central
Government is of opinion that the water dispute cannot be settled by negotiations, then a Water Disputes Tribunal is
constituted for the adjudication of the water dispute.The act was amended in 2002, to include the major
recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission.The amendments mandated a one year time frame to setup the water
disputes tribunal and also a 3 year time frame to give a decision.
21. Which list of Indian Constitution deals with the (c) Charanjit Singh Channi
Water supply and water power? (d) Parkash Singh Badal
(a) State List (b) Union List
(c) Concurrent List (d) None of the above 24. Who is the Governor of Haryana?
(a) Kaptan Singh Solanki
22. Who is the present Union Minister of Jal Shakti? (b) Jagannath Pahadia
(a) Gajendra Singh Shekhawat
(b) Shri Pankaj Kumar
(c) Shri Bishweswar Tudu
m
(c) Bandaru Dattatreya
o
(d) Satyadev Narayan Arya
c
.
(d) Shri Prahalad Singh Patel 25. Which article of Indian Constitution deals with
Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter
rs
23. Who is the current Chief Minister of Punjab? State rivers or river valleys?
(a) Bhagwat Mann (a) Article 262 (b) Article 265
(b) Amarinder Singh

k e (c) Article 250 (d) Article 261
21. (a) Entry 17 of State List deals with water i.e. water
supply, irrigation, canal, drainage,
r an 23. (a) Bhagwant Singh Mann is an Indian politician,

social worker, former comedian, singer and
embankments, water storage and water
5M7T2Q4O4S
o
4R7S power.
Entry 56 of Union Listtr- empowers the Union
Government for the regulation and
p actor who is currently serving as the 17th Chief
minister of Punjab since 2022.
24. (c) Bandaru Dattatreya is an Indian politician
22. T
development of inter-state rivers and river
valleys to the extent declared by Parliament to
be expedient in the public interest.
(a) The Ministry of Jal Shakti was established in
May 2019 under the Government of India. Two
ministries namely the Ministry of Water 25.
serving as the current Governor of the State of
Haryana since 2021. He was also the 20th
Governor of Himachal Pradesh and was the
Member of Lok Sabha for Secunderabad from
2014 to 2019.
(a) Article 262 of the Indian Constitution provides a
Resources, River Development & Ganga role for the union government in adjudicating
Rejuvenation, as well as the Ministry of Drinking conflicts surrounding interstate rivers that arise
Water and Sanitation, were merged together to tr-5M 7T among
2Q 4O4S4Rthe
7S state/regional governments.
form the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
15TH BRICS SUMMIT

Why in news
2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I7GChina
The BRICS group of major emerging economies - Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa - will hold its 15th heads
of state and government summit in Johannesburg between Aug. 22 and Aug. 24.
Key Highlights
 It reiterate our commitment to inclusive multilateralism and upholding international law, including the purposes
and principles enshrined in the Charter.
 It call for greater representation of emerging markets and developing countries, in international organizations and
multilateral fora in which they play an important role.
 It also call for increasing the role and share of women from EMDCs at different levels of responsibilities in the
international organizations.
13
 It recognised the importance of the increased participation of women in peace processes including in conflict
prevention and resolution, peacekeeping, peacebuilding, post-conflict reconstruction and development, and
sustaining peace.
 It encouraged multilateral financial institutions and international organizations to play a constructive role in
building global consensus on economic policies and preventing systemic risks of economic disruption and financial
fragmentation.
 It reaffirm the call for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in its three dimensions:
economic, social and environmental, in a balanced and integrated manner by mobilising the means required to
implement the 2030 Agenda.
About BRICS
BRICS is an acronym that started as BRIC in 2001 for Brazil, China, India, and Russia. Later in 2010, South Africa was
added to become BRICS. Goldman Sachs claimed that the global economy will be dominated by the four BRIC
economies by 2050. The main reason for such a claim was that China, India, Brazil, Russia, and South Africa were ranked
among the world's fastest-growing and emerging market economies for years. The main comparative advantage of this
group is their low labour costs, favourable demographics, and abundant natural resources at the time of the global
commodities boom.
c o m
Role of the BRICS
The BRICS countries, from 2009 to 2014, agreed on economic and financial issues, including World Bank and IMF
rs
reforms. They agreed to undertake measures of mobilizing sufficient resources so that the IMF can strengthen its
.
k e
potential to combat all kinds of crisis. They also created the BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism that provides
Extending Credit Facility in Local Currency and the BRICS Exchanges Alliance. The BRICS nation offered a source of
foreign expansion for firms and solid returns for institutional investors. They also focused on some regional issues,
How does BRICS Operate?
r n
including the problems related to Libya, Syria, Afghanistan and Iran
a
On the basis of UN Charter, BRICS partners’ relations are built. They follow the recognized principles as well as
international law’s norms. All the member
tr-5M7T2Q4O
o
principles were Solidarity, Openness,
p
countries agreed to the following principles during their 2011 Summit. Those
4S4R7S
Pragmatism, Neutrality (regarding third parties) and Non-bloc nature.
T
BRICS expansion
In a landmark decision, current members of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) declared that the
grouping would welcome six new countries into the fold. Prime Minister Narendra Modi said, towards the end of the
15th BRICS summit in Johannesburg, that the addition of new members would strengthen the grouping and increase
confidence in the idea of a multipolar world order.
Conclusion
BRICS cooperation further aims to accelerate industrialisation under the Fourth Industrial Revolution BRICS platforms
have been established to share best practice, knowledge and expertise, including
4S4R7S the use of open-source technology
tr-5M7T2Q4O
platforms. BRICS countries seek to move towards a low-carbon development path that is inclusive and sustainable while
acknowledging the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities.
26. Who coined the acronym of BRICS?

(a) Jim O’Neill (b) Raphel 29. Who is the current President of South Africa?
(c) Hu Jintao (d) Dmitry Madvedev (a) Vladimir Putin
4A7B (b) Xi Jinping
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
(c) Cyril Ramaphosa (d) Joe Biden
27. Which country hosted BRICS 2022?
(a) India (b) Russia 30. What was the theme of 15th BRICS summit 2023?
(c) China (d) Brazil (a) BRICS and Africa: Partnership for mutually
accelerated growth, sustainable development
28. Where is the Headquarter of BRICS located? and inclusive multilateralism
(a) Moscow (b) Delhi (b) Foster High-quality BRICS Partnership, Usher in
(c) Washington (d) Shangai a New Era for Global Development
(c) BRICS @ 15: Intra-BRICS Cooperation for
Continuity, Consolidation and Consensus
14
(d) BRICS partnerships associated with global
stability, shared security and growth due to
innovation
26. (a) "BRICS" is the acronym denoting the emerging 30. (a) The theme for the 15th BRICS summit is "BRICS
national economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and Africa: Partnership for mutually accelerated
China and South Africa. The term was originally growth, sustainable development and inclusive
coined in 2001 as "BRIC" by the Goldman Sachs multilateralism". Foster High-quality BRICS
economist Jim O'Neill. Partnership, Usher in a New Era for Global
27. (c) Chinese President Xi Jinping hosted the 14th Development was the theme of 14th BRICS
BRICS Summit in Beijing on 23 June 2022. Summit. BRICS @ 15: Intra-BRICS Cooperation
m
28. (d) Headquarter of BRICS is located in Shanghai, for Continuity, Consolidation and Consensus
China. was the theme of 13th BRICS Summit. BRICS
29. (c) Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa is a South African
businessman and politician who is the fifth and
current president of South Africa.
o
partnerships associated with global stability,
c
shared security and growth due to innovation
.
was the theme of 12th BRICS Summit.
Why in news
BHARATNET PROJECT
k e rs
n
Recently, the Union Cabinet has approved Rs 1.39 lakh crore for the Modernization of the BharatNet project.
About BharatNet Project
4S4R7S
p r a
BharatNet, one of the biggest rural telecom projects in the world, implemented in a phased manner to all Gram
Panchayats (approximately 2.5 lakh) in the country for providing non-discriminatory access to broadband connectivity
tr-5M7T2Q4OObjective is to enable access providers like mobile operators, Internet Service
to all the telecom service providers.
o
Providers (ISPs), Cable TV operators, content providers to launch various services such as applications like e-health, e-
T
education and e-governance in rural and remote India. The project has been approved by Union Cabinet on 25.10.2011.
The project is being executed by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) namely Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL),
which has been incorporated on 25.02.2012 under Indian Companies Act 1956. On 30.04.2016, the Telecom Commission
approved to implement the project in three phases.
So far, 198,144 Gram Panchayats are connected through the BharatNet project and 655,516 Km of OFC has been laid.
Additionally, 619,519 Fibre-To-The-Home (FTTH) connections are commissioned and 104,675 Wi-Fi hotspots are
installed to ensure last-mile connectivity. (as on 21.08.2023)
7S
tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R
BharatNet Phase I
The Union Cabinet on 25.10.2011 approved the project for the creation of the National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN,
now BharatNet) to provide broadband connectivity at the Gram Panchayat (GP) level by connecting block headquarters
(BHQs) to GPs by using existing fibre of Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs) such as Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Limited (BSNL), RailTel Corporation of India Limited (RailTel) and Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL)
and laying incremental fibre to bridge the connectivity gap up to the 4G GPs.4A
The
7B Government owns the incremental
tr-5I7G2I 4B
Optical Fibre Cable (OFC), and the ownership of the existing fibre was to be continued to be vested with the current
owners. This was considered Phase-I of BharatNet.
BharatNet Phase-II
The Cabinet approved a modified strategy for BharatNet on 19.07.2017, which integrates the implementation experience
of Phase-I of the project and aligns it with the vision of Digital India. The modified strategy provides an optimal mix of
media (OFC, Radio and satellite) to connect Gram Panchayats (GPs). Under Phase II, GPs are to be connected through
multiple implementing models like State-led Model, Private Sector Model and CPSU Model, along with Last Mile
connectivity in GPs through Wi-Fi or any other suitable broadband technology.
15
The utilisation of BharatNet network
The utilisation of the network is through leasing bandwidth and dark fibre, Wi-Fi to access broadband or internet
services in public places, and Fibre to the Home (FTTH). As part of the project, the Last Mile Connectivity (LMC) to
access broadband or internet services is to be provided through Wi-Fi in public places or any other suitable broadband
technology, including FTTH at Government institutions such as schools, hospitals, post offices, anganwadis, police
stations, etc.
Challenges
The project has faced significant delays in implementation, with the pace of progress being slower than anticipated.
Technical challenges such as signal quality, bandwidth limitations, and network downtime have affected the overall
user experience. The presence of private telecom operators like Jio and Airtel in some rural areas poses a challenge for
BharatNet. These private operators have established their own network infrastructure and services, making it important
for BharatNet to offer competitive pricing and reliable service quality to attract users.
31. Who is current Minister of Communication in India?

(a) Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw
(b) S. Jaishankar 34.
m
(d) BSNL and Vodaphone
o
BharatNet Project is financed by the
c
.
(c) Piyush Goyal (a) Department of Biotechnology (DBT)
(d) Pralhad Joshi (b) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
rs
(CSIR)
32. Which of the following state does not fall under (c) Department of Science and Technology (DST)
State-Led Model?
(a) Chhattisgarh
(c) Jharkhand
(b) Gujarat
(d) Uttar Pradesh
k
35.
e (d) Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF)
Which of the following was renamed as Bharat Net
33. The satellite component of Phase II is being

implemented by
r an Project in 2015?
(a) Bharatmala Priyojana.
(b) National Optical Fibre Network
p
(a) BSNL and BBNL (c) Inland Development Waterways Project
(b) BSNL and Airtel 4S4R7S (d) Gati Shakti Project
tr-5M7T2Q4O
31.
(c) BSNL and Idea
To
(a) Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw (born in 1970) is a
33. (a) The satellite component of Phase II is being

Member of Rajya Sabha from Odisha. Presently implemented by BBNL and BSNL. BSNL is
he is the Minister for Railways, implementing 1408 GPs and BBNL is
Communications, Electronics & Information implementing 3753 GPs.
Technology, Government of India 34. (d) The entire project is being funded by Universal
32. (d) 8 states are being implemented under State-Led service
4S4RObligation
7S Fund (USOF), which was set
tr-5M7T2Q4O
model. Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, up for improving telecom services in rural and
Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and remote areas of the country.
Telangana are at various stages of its 35. (b) National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN) which
implementation. was launched in October 2011 was renamed as
Bharat Net Project in 2015.
4A7B
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16
INDIA SRILANKA RELATIONS AND KATCHTHEEVU ISLAND
DISPUTE
Introduction
This issue arises in pre-independence India and continues to create a rift in the relationship between India and Sri
Lanka. The island has its own history and international mutual agreements have also been questioned by the state of
Tamil Nadu government.
Katchatheevu Island
Katchatheevu is an uninhabited off-shore island in the Palk Strait. It was formed due to volcanic eruptions in the 14th
century. The 285-acre land was jointly administered by India and Sri Lanka during British rule. The Raja of Ramnad
(present-day Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu) owned Katchatheevu island and later became part of the Madras
Presidency. In 1921, both Sri Lanka and India claimed this piece of land for fishing and the dispute remained unsettled.
After Indian independence, the country initiated to resolve the pre-independence territory dispute between SriLanka
and the British.
c o m
.
Gift to Sri Lanka
rs
In 1974, the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi did treaties with her counterpart Srimavo Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan
President, and ceded Katchatheevu Island to Sri Lanka. In 1991, a resolution was adopted by the Tamil Nadu Assembly.
The retrieval of Katchatheevu island was demanded through the resolution. Considering the move flawed in law, in
k e
2008, then chief minister Jayalalithaa dragged the centre to the Supreme Court and appealed to nullify the Katchatheevu
agreements. She stated that two treaties between the countries that gifted Katchatheevu to Sri Lanka are
n
unconstitutional.
How did the conflict arise?
r a
Fishermen of both countries have been fishing in each other's waters without conflict for a very long time. The issue
p
emerged when both the countries signed four Maritime Boundary Agreements between 1974-76. The agreement marked
tr-5M7T2Q4O
the international maritime boundary 4R7S
of4SIndia and Sri Lanka.
To
The agreement aimed to facilitate resource management and law enforcement in the Palk Strait. Now, Indian fishermen
were only allowed to use the island for resting, net drying and the annual St. Anthony’s festival. They are not permitted
to use the island for fishing. However, Indian fishermen continued trespassing the Sri Lankan water boundary, searching
for better catch in the area.
The next few decades went well but the problem turned serious when fish and aquatic life in the Indian continental
shelf depleted, which resulted in an increased number of Indian fishermen in the region. They are also using modern
fishing trolleys which harm marine life and the ecosystem.
LTTE era and restrictions on movement
During the LTTE (LiberationTigers of Tamil Eelam, a separatist group in Sri Lanka) era, the Sri Lankan government
restricted the easy movement of Sri Lankan fishermen in waters raising 4O4S4R7S
military
tr-5M7T2Q operations issues. The Indian fishermen
considered this as an opportunity.
Indian Government’s stand
According to a statement available on the website of the Ministry of External Affairs, the government concluded
maritime boundary agreements with Sri Lanka in 1974 and 1976. According to the agreement, the Island lies on the Sri
Lankan side of the India-Sri Lanka International Maritime Boundary Line. The4Amatter
7B is still sub-judice in the Supreme
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
Court of India. The government has raised the issue at the highest political level with Sri Lanka. According to
agreements, the issue was bilaterally resolved and has allowed Indians to visit the island for the pilgrimage without any
requirement of a visa.
36. Who is the present PM of Sri Lanka? 37. What is the old name of Sri Lanka?
(a) Don Stephen Senanayake (a) Sabaragamuwa (b) Ceylon
(b) Mahinda Rajapaksa (c) Badulla (d) Galle
(c) Dinesh Gunawardena
38. Which of the following is the Currency of Sri Lanka?
(d) Dudley Shelton Senanayake
(a) Chilean Peso (b) Czech Koruna
(c) Rupee (d) Laotian Kip
17
39. Who is the current Chief Minister of Tamil Naidu? 40. Which of the following amendments to the Sri
(a) MK Stalin Lankan Constitution was a result of the Indo-Lanka
(b) K. Chandrashekar Rao Accord signed in July 1987?
(c) Manik Saha (a) 11th amendment (b) 15th amendment
(d) Mamata Banerjee (c) 10th amendment (d) 13th Amendment
36. (c) Dinesh Gunawardena has been prime minister 39. (a) Muthuvel Karunanidhi Stalin (born 1 March
of Sri Lanka since 22 July 2022, after Ranil 1953) is an Indian politician serving as the 8th
Wickremesinghe was sworn in as the President. and current Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
37. (b) In 1948, the British Colony of Ceylon was 40. (d) The 13th Amendment to the Sri Lankan
granted independence as Ceylon. In 1972, the Constitution was a result of the Indo-Lanka
country became a republic within the
Commonwealth, and its name was changed to
Sri Lanka.
m
Accord signed in July 1987 between then Prime
o
Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India and President J.R.
c
Jayawardene of Sri Lanka. It aimed to address
.
38. (c) The currency in Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, which had
rs
Rupee. Currency Notes are in the escalated into a civil war between the armed
denominations of Rupees 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, forces and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
1000 and 2000. (LTTE), a militant group advocating for Tamil
k e self-determination and a separate state.
INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATION
r an
TAKEAWAYS FROM 15TH AUGUST SPEECH OF PM AND
Introduction
tr-5M
During his Independence Day 7T2Q4O4S4R
o
speech,
7S
p
Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke of India's potential.
T
Demography, democracy and diversity
The trinity of demography, democracy and diversity has the potential to make every dream of India come true. It is a
period of great pride that today the population of India under the age of 30 is the highest in the world. In the youth
below 30 years of age, India has millions of arms, millions of brains, millions of dreams, millions of determination, with
which India can achieve the desired results.
Focus on ‘amrit kaal’

In the Amritkaal, in 2047, when the country will celebrate 100 years of independence, at that time the tricolor of India
in the world should be the tricolor flag of developed India. India should not
4S4Rstop,
7S nor hesitate and transparency and
tr-5M7T2Q4O
fairness are the first strong requirements for this. All of us have a duty, every citizen has a duty and this Amritkaal is
Kartavyakaal. We cannot back down from our duty, we have to make the India which was the dream of revered Bapu,
we have to make the India which was the dream of our freedom fighters, we have to make the India which belonged to
our martyrs, who gave their lives for the motherland. This Amrit Kaal is a time of duty for all of us.
Emphasis on yuva shakti and building an aspirational India tr-5I7G2I4G4B

4A7B
In the youth below 30 years of age, India has millions of arms, millions of brains, millions of dreams, millions of
determination, with which India can achieve the desired results. Youth of India have given India a place in the world's
first three start-up Eco-systems. The youth of the world is wondering, seeing this power of India. Today the world is
technology driven and the coming era is going to be influenced by technology and then India's talent in technology is
going to play a new role. The youth of small villages, small towns are showing wonders today. 20 lakh crore rupees have
been given to the youth of my country for self-employment, for their business.
Nari Shakti: Empowering women as a key element in nation building

India can proudly say that if any one country has the maximum number of women pilots in civil aviation in the world,
then India has them. Today, whether it is the speed of Chandrayaan, whether it is about the moon mission, women-
18
scientists are leading it. Today 10 crore women are involved in women self-help and if you go to village with women
self-help group, you will find didi with bank, you will find didi with anganwadi, you will find didi who gives medicines
and now my dream is to make 2 crore Lakhpati Didis (Women earning one lakh per year).
Attack on corruption and nepotism

Appeasement thinking, appeasement politics, government schemes for appeasement has killed social justice. And that's
why we find appeasement and corruption as the biggest enemies of development. If the country wants development,
the country wants to fulfill the dream of being a developed India by 2047, then it is necessary for us to not tolerate
corruption in the country under any circumstance. Nepotism is the enemy of talents, it negates abilities and does not
accept potential. And therefore, for the strength of the democracy of this country, liberation from nepotism is necessary.
Modi's commitment
It is the Modi's personal commitment that he will continue to fight against corruption. These evils (corruption,
nepotism and appeasement) rob our country of whatever abilities some people have. These are the things that put a
question mark on the hopes and aspirations of our people. Be it our poor, be it Dalit, be it backward, be it Pasmanda
o m
communities, be it our tribal brothers and sisters, or be it our mothers or sisters all have to get rid of these evils.
c
.
41. Which campaign is initiated this Independence Day (c) Avani chaturvedi
to pay tribute to the martyrs of the country? (d) Sarla Thakral
rs
(a) Meri Mati Mera Desh!
(b) Vande Mataram! 44. Who among the following was the Prime Minister of
(c) Unity in diversity!
(d) Purn Swraj!
k e Britain at the time of Independence?

(a) Rishi Sunak
(b) John Major
42. What is the theme of Independence Day 2023?
(a) Unity in diversity
(b) Jai Hind, Jai Bharat
r an (c) Clement Attlee

(d) Churchil
p
(c) Nation First, Always First 45. Who gave the quote "a tryst with destiny"?
(d) Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav 4S4R7S (a) Lal Bahadur Shastri
tr-5M7T2Q4O
43.
To
Who is the first women pilot of India?
(a) Anandi Gopal Joshi
(b) Savitribai Phule.
(b) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Mahatma Gandhi

41. (a) 'Meri Mati Mera Desh' campaign is initiated on 44. (c) Clement Attlee was the prime minister of
this Independence Day to pay tribute to the England when India got independence. He was
martyrs of the country. the leader
4S4R7S of the labour party from 1935 to 1955
tr-5M7T2Q4O
42. (c) The theme for the year is 'Nation First, Always and served as Prime Minister of the United
First' which is also a part of Azadi Ka Amrit Kingdom from 1945 to 1951.
Mahotsav” celebration on 77th Independence 45. (b) Tryst with destiny means to make a deal secretly
Day on August 15, 2023. with your destiny. This speech was given by
43. (d) Sarla Thakral became the first female pilot in Jawaharlal Nehru on the eve of India's
India independence.
7G2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I
19
UREA GOLD FERTILIZER
Why in news
PM Modi during his visit in Rajasthan launched a new type of Urea called “Urea Gold” which is coated with sulphur that can
help improve the soil quality and reduce the expenses of the farmers.
Urea Gold
Urea Gold is a new variety of Urea that is coated with sulphur, which is expected to address sulphur deficiencies in the soil. Urea
Gold which is considered as “innovative fertilizer” is more economical and efficient than neem-coated urea. Urea Gold will
ensure improved nitrogen use efficiency, reduced consumption and enhanced crop quality.
Benefits of Urea Gold

 The use of Urea Gold in place of other fertilizers will address sulphur deficiencies in the soil.
 Urea Gold fertilizers is more economical and efficient than neem-coated urea.
 It improves efficiency of nitrogen use in plants.
 It reduces the consumption of fertilizers and enhances crop quality.
o m
 It will save input costs for the farmers and also raise income for the farmers with enhanced production and productivity.
c
.
Challenges
 Existing subsidies for coated fertilisers like zincated urea and boronated DAP may not incentivise companies to promote
rs
fortified products.
 Discrepancies in pricing between fortified and non-fortified fertilisers have deterred farmers from embracing coated options.
retail prices (MRPs) for coated fertilisers could bolster adoption.
k e
 Advocates suggest factory-level coating to ensure uniform nutrient distribution and user convenience. Freeing maximum
 Since traditional fertilisers receive substantial subsidies, fortified product premiums must remain reasonable to encourage
affordability.
Urea Consumption in India
r an
India’s urea consumption is set to drop for the first time in five years due to various factors including lower availability caused
by cut in import, potentially indicating a policy
tr-5M7T2Q4O
o p
4S4R7Sshift towards capping the supply to ensure balanced use of fertilisers. India has
consumed about 500 LMT of fertilizer over the last ten years. Farmers prefer to use an excessive amount of urea as non-urea
varieties such as MoP, DAP, and complex are relatively expensive. India is a major buyer of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP).
Conclusion
T
Amidst the challenges of dwindling NUE and escalating urea consumption, the introduction of “Urea Gold” and fortified
fertilisers holds promise for enhancing agricultural efficiency. The journey to successful implementation necessitates addressing
pricing discrepancies and distribution intricacies.
46. Who is the current Union Minister for Agriculture and (c) Tamil Nadu (d) Maharashtra
Farmers Welfare?
(a) Shri Narendra Singh Tomar 49. Which of the following committee was constituted for
4R7S
(b) Sushri Shobha Karandlaje tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S
doubling farmers’income?
(c) Shri Kailash Choudhary (a) Ashok Dalwai Committee
(d) Shri Sanjay Agarwal (b) Maan Singh Committee
(c) Gambhir Committee
47. Who developed Urea Gold? (d) Sudarshan Committee
(a) Chemist Friedrich Wöhler Fertilizers Ltd
(b) Fritz Haber Fertilizers Ltd 50. tr-Which 4A7B
of4Bthe
5I7G2I4G following platform was launched by
(c) Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizers Ltd (RCF) Union Government for providing direct and effective
(d) Carl Bosch Fertilizers Ltd solutions to the problems faced by farmers?
(a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
48. Nemo Shetkari Mahasanman Nidhi Scheme is a scheme (b) e-Krishi Samvad
of which state? (c) PM-Kisan Mobile App
(a) Haryana (b) Uttar Pardesh (d) National Agriculture Market (eNAM)
20
46. (a) The agriculture ministry is headed by Minister of Cabinet meeting chaired by Chief Minister Eknath
Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare which is currently Shinde.
held by Narendra Singh Tomar. 49. (a) The government announced to double farm
47. (c) Indian Prime Minister officially launched 'Urea incomes by 2022 in its Union Budget 2016-17. In
Gold' fertiliser'. It is developed by Rashtriya line with this, it appointed an 8-member inter-
Chemicals and Fertilizers Ltd (RCF), a leading ministerial committee headed by Ashok Dalwai, to
fertilizer and chemical manufacturing company in consider major reforms in the agriculture sector.
India in the Public Sector. 50. (b) e-Krishi Samvad is internet-based interface and is a
48. (d) The Maharashtra government has recently launched unique platform that will provide direct and
a new financial scheme aimed at providing support effective solutions to the problems faced by farmers
to farmers in the state. The scheme, known as Namo and stakeholders in the agriculture sector.
m
Shetkari Mahasanman Yojana, was approved at a
AKIRA RANSOMWARE AND ALL ABOUT CYBER ATTACKS AND
.c o
rs
CYBER POLICY OF INDIA
e
Why in news
The Computer Emergency Response Team of India issued an alert for ransomware dubbed “Akira.”
About Akira Ransomware
n k
Ransomware is essentially a kind of malware — a software used to gain unauthorised access to systems to steal data. This data
a
can then be used by cyber criminals to demand a ransom. According to the advisory issued by the government, Akira steals
to release their data on the dark web.

tr-5M7T2Q4O
4S
r
personal data, encrypts it, and later extorts money from the victims. In case a user refuses to pay, the ransomware actors threaten
p 4R7S
Working of Akira Ransomware
o
The Akira ransomware is designed to encrypt data, create a ransomware note and delete Windows Shadow Volume copies on
T
affected devices. The ransomware gets its name due to its ability to modify filenames of all encrypted files by appending them
with the “.akira” extension. The ransomware is designed to close processes or shut down Windows services that may keep it from
encrypting files on the affected system. It uses VPN services, especially when users have not enabled two-factor authentication,
to trick users into downloading malicious files.
Combating Akira
To combat Akira, companies need to upgrade their cybersecurity practices. They should conduct regular backup practices and
secure backups offline or even on a separate network. Experts advise turning on automatic software updates on computers,
laptops, smartphones, and other connected devices. Users should refrain from opening 7S
suspicious links, and email attachments
tr-5M
without checking their authenticity. If someone is indeed attacked, the 7T2Q4O4S4R
immediate countermeasures include: detaching infected
devices on the same network, disconnecting all external storage devices, and one should also inspect system logs for suspicious
activities.
Cyber Policy of India

The Government of India issued the National Cyber Security Policy (NCSP) in 2013, which included many tactics for countering
cyber security threats. The mission of the policy is to protect information
tr-5I7Gand 4B4A7B
2I4Ginformation infrastructure in cyberspace, build
capabilities to prevent and respond to cyber threats, reduce vulnerabilities and minimize damage from cyber incidents through a
combination of institutional structures, people, processes, technology and cooperation. It strengthen the Regulatory framework
for ensuring a Secure Cyberspace ecosystem. The government has formulated a new policy on cyber security amid growing
incidents of malware attacks on critical sectors such as hospitals and oil companies. The National Cyber Security Reference
Framework (NCRF) 2023 has been approved and will be placed in public domain.
Cyber-attacks in India
India has seen a sharp increase in the number of cyberattacks in the first three months of 2023, as per a report. Over 500 million
cyberattacks were blocked in Q1 2023 out of a billion attacks globally, as per the State of Application Security Report' by
Indusface. Data from cybersecurity firm CheckPoint Research showed that weekly attacks increased by 18% in India during the
same time period, as against an increase of 7% globally, averaging 1,248 attacks a week. The Asia Pacific region overall reported
21
the highest year-on-year surge in attacks at 16% or an average of 1,835 attacks a week. The CheckPoint report also found that
cybercriminals are running sophisticated campaigns and finding ways to weaponise legitimate tools like using ChatGPT to
generate code to launch cyberattacks.
Conclusion
To counteract this emerging threat, one should adopt fundamental online hygiene and protection practices. These measures
encompass ensuring all software and operating systems are consistently updated with the latest security patches, regularly
scanning systems for malware, and exercising caution when dealing with email attachments or downloading files from untrusted
sources.
51. Who is the coordinator of the National Cyber Security? (b) John Savarkar
(a) Prof. D. P. Singh • (c) Thomas Edison
(b) Lt Gen Dr Rajesh Pant (d) Elon Musk
(c) Shri Narendra Modi
(d) Lt Gen Mu Nair 54. Who is the current Minister of Electronics and
52. Who is the Chairman of Data Security Council of

India?
o
(a) Shri Amit Shah
m
Information Technology?
(b) Smt. Amrita Devi
c
.
(a) Shri Nair (c) Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw
(b) Mr. Pramod Bhasin (d) Sh. Rajpal Yadav
rs
(c) Akash Arora
(d) Bob Thomas 55. Which of the following is not the antivirus?
e
(a) Macafee (b) Quick Heal
53. Who is the father of computer security? (c) Malware (d) Total Security
(a) August Kerckhoffs
an
ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS k
51. (d) The National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC),
the cybersecurity and e-surveillance 4S4R7S
p
tr-5M7T2Q4O agency in the
r 53. (a) August Kerckhoffs is considered as the father of
computer security. He is a linguist and German
52.
To
government of India, has appointed Lt Gen MU Nair
as the new National Cyber Security Coordinator
(NCSC) replacing Lt Gen (retd.) Dr Rajesh Pant.
(b) Data Security Council of India (DSCI), announced
the appointment of Pramod Bhasin as the new
chairman effective April 1, 2023. Pramod is the
54.
55.
professor at HEC, Paris.
(c) Minister
Electronics
for
&
Railways,
Information
Communications,
Technology,
Government of India. Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw (born
in 1970) is a Member of Rajya Sabha from Odisha
(c) Malware is not any antivirus from the above.
founder of Genpact Ltd and is currently also the Malware, refers to any intrusive software developed
chairman of ICRIER. by cybercriminals (often called hackers) to steal data
and damage or destroy computers and computer
systems.
7S
tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R
INDIA IN ARCTIC
Why in news
Minister of State (Independent Charge) Earth Sciences released India's Arctic policy titled 'India and the Arctic: building a
partnership for sustainable development’ from the Ministry of Earth Sciences Headquarters in New Delhi.
India's Arctic policy 4A7B

tr-5I7G2I4G4B
India's Arctic policy titled 'India and the Arctic: building a partnership for sustainable development’ lays down six pillars:
strengthening India's scientific research and cooperation, climate and environmental protection, economic and human
development, transportation and connectivity, governance and international cooperation, and national capacity building in the
Arctic region. Implementing India's Arctic policy will involve multiple stakeholders, including academia, the research
community, business, and industry.
India and Arctic

India’s engagement with the Arctic dates back to a century when ‘Svalbard Treaty’ was signed in February 1920 in Paris and,
today India is undertaking several scientific studies and research in the Arctic region. Indian researchers are monitoring arctic
glaciers for their mass balance and comparing them with glaciers in the Himalayan region. India has also been actively involved
22
in studies related to the Arctic oceanography, atmosphere, pollution and microbiology. Over twenty-five Institutes and
Universities are currently involved in Arctic research in India.
India has a significant stake in the Arctic. It is one of thirteen nations holding Observer status in the Arctic Council, a high-level
intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. India's
engagement with the Arctic region has been consistent and multidimensional. The country maintains that all human activity
should be sustainable, responsible, transparent, and based on respect for international laws.
Arctic Council
The Arctic Council is the leading intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic
States, Arctic Indigenous Peoples and other Arctic inhabitants on common Arctic issues, in particular on issues of sustainable
development and environmental protection in the Arctic. It was formally established in 1996.
Northern Sea Route

It is the shortest shipping route connecting Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. Spanning 5,600 km, it passes through four seas
m
of the Arctic Ocean. The route starts at the boundary between the Barents and Kara seas (Kara Strait) and concludes at the Bering
o
Strait (Provideniya Bay). The NSR offers potential distance savings of up to 50% compared to existing shipping lanes via Suez
or Panama.
c
Conclusion
rs .
India's Arctic policy would play an essential role in preparing the country for a future where humankind's biggest challenges,
such as climate change, can be addressed through collective will and effort. India's Arctic policy shall be implemented through
e
an action plan, and an effective governance and review mechanism involving the inter‐ministerial Empowered Arctic Policy
Group. Implementing India's Arctic policy will involve multiple stakeholders, including academia, the research community,
56. Who is the Minister of State (Independent Charge)
an k
business, and industry. It shall define timelines, prioritise activities and allocate requisite resources.
(a) National Scientific Artic Research
r
Earth Sciences? (b) National Friendship Research
(a) Jitendra Singh (c) National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research
(b) Shri Kiran Rijiju
(c) Shri M. Ravichandran tr-5M7T2Q4O4S
(d) James Hutton
o
4R7S
p 59.
(d) National Polar Research centre
Where is the Head quarter of Arctic Council?
T
(a) Norway (b) Finland
57. Which is the biggest city of Arctic Region? (c) Russia (d) Sweden
(a) Iqaluit (b) Fairbanks
(c) Kiruna (d) Murmansk 60. Which of the following nations are not among the
observers in the Arctic Council?
58. Who is the nodal institution for India’s Polar research (a) Poland (b) Russia
programme, which includes Arctic studies? (c) India (d) Norway

4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
56. (a) Jitendra Singh (born 6 November 1956) is an Indian Ministry of Earth Sciences, is the nodal institution
physician and politician. He is the Minister of State for India’s Polar research programme, which
(Independent Charge) for the Ministry of Science includes Arctic studies.
and Technology and Minister of State for Prime 59. (a) Tromsø, Norway, is headquarter of Arctic Council.
Minister's Office; Personnel, Public Grievances and It's the second largest city north of the Arctic Circle
2I4G4B 4A7B
Pensions; Department of Atomic Energy and tr-5I7Gand has become popularly known as the Arctic's
Department of Space. capital.
57. (d) Murmansk is the world's largest city north of the 60. (d) Thirteen (13) nations are observers in the Arctic
Arctic Circle, and one of the largest ports in Russia. Council which include France, Germany, Italian
The city lies on the rocky eastern coast of Kola Bay Republic, Japan, The Netherlands, People’s
of the Barents Sea. Republic of China, Poland, India, Republic of
58. (c) The National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research Korea, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
(NCPOR) in Goa, an autonomous institute under the
23
CRISPR CAS9 AND GENE EDITING IN MUSTARD BREEDING
Why in news
Indian scientists have developed the first ever low-pungent mustard that is pest and disease-resistant. It is based on CRISPR/Cas9
gene editing, while being non-GM and transgene-free.
Rapeseed Mustard
Indian mustard is predominantly cultivated in the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat
which contribute 81.5% area and 87.5% production. Rapeseed-mustard group of crops is the major oilseed crop of India. Among
the seven annual edible oilseeds cultivated inIndia, rapeseed-mustard contributed 28.6 percent in the total production of oilseeds
Mustard seeds
Mustard seeds have high levels of glucosinolates, a group of sulphur and nitrogen-containing compounds contributing to the
characteristic pungency of their oil and meal. While that limits the oil’s acceptability among consumers – especially those
preferring cooking medium having less strong flavour and odour – the problem is even more with the meal. Rapeseed meal is
m
unpalatable to poultry and pigs, while having to be mixed with fodder grass and water for giving to cattle and buffaloes. Besides
o
reducing their feed intake, high glucosinolates are also known to cause goiter (swelling of neck) and internal organ abnormalities
in livestock.
c
India and oilseed
rs .
India’s most significant domestically-grown oilseed is rapeseed-mustard. Its share in the country’s production of vegetable oils
has been estimated at 42.6% (more than soyabean’s 19.2%) and in that of meal at 30.3% (next to soyabean’s 38.9%), as per the
e
US Department of Agriculture’s data for the marketing year ending September 2023. Oilseeds yield not only oil for cooking and
frying. Their so-called meal – the residual cake after extraction of oil from the seeds – is a protein-rich ingredient used in livestock,
poultry and aqua feed.
Genetically edited mustard lines
an k
r
Genetically edited mustard lines are achieved through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, focusing on specific gene sequences to modify
traits. Unlike GM crops, they do not involve introducing foreign genes. They are transgene-free and are considered genome-
CRISPR-Cas9
o
tr-5M7T2Q4O
p
edited (GE) plants, not subject to the same stringent regulations as GM crops in India.
4S 4R7S
T
CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool. It is faster, cheaper and more accurate than previous techniques of editing DNA and has
a wide range of potential applications. It is currently the simplest, most versatile and precise method of genetic manipulation and
is therefore causing a buzz in the science world. CRISPR-Cas9 is a groundbreaking technology that empowers geneticists and
medical researchers to modify specific portions of the genome. This is achieved through the precise removal, addition, or
modification of segments within the DNA sequence.
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee

The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is responsible for appraisal of activities involving large scale use of
hazardous microorganisms and recombinants in research and industrial production from the environmental angle. The committee
is also responsible for appraisal of proposals relating to release of genetically
tr-5M7T2Q4O
engineered
4S4R7S (GE) organisms and products into the
environment including experimental field trials.
Conclusion
The development of low-pungent, pest and disease-resistant mustard through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing marks a significant
advancement in India's agriculture sector. This innovation addresses the challenges of glucosinolates in traditional mustard
varieties, offering benefits such as improved palatability, enhanced feed quality, and increased crop yields. Moreover, the
distinction between GM and GE crops and the evolving regulatory framework4Ghighlight 4A7B the safe and sustainable nature of this
tr-5I7G2I 4B
scientific breakthrough.
61. Who is the current Union Ministry of Environment, 62. Who is the chairman of Genetic Engineering Appraisal
Forest and Climate Change? Committee?
(a) Shri Ashwini Kumar Choubey (a) Shri Mukesh Singh Gujjar
(b) Bhupender Yadav (b) Shri Naresh Pal Gangwar
(c) Ms. Leena Nandan (c) Shri Sukhi Singh
(d) Rajendra Thakur (d) Smt. Savita Rani
24
63. What is Scientific name of Indian Mustard? (b) Teritory Sector
(a) Brassica juncea (c) Primary Sector
(b) Curcuma longa (d) Farming Sector
(c) Capsicum Annuum
(d) Clarified butter 65. Which article delas with Organisation of agriculture
and animal husbandry?
64. Agriculture falls under which of the following sector of (a) Article 48 (b) Article 73
economy? (c) Article 27 (d) Article 47
(a) Secondary sector

61. (b) The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate 63. (a) Brassica juncea belongs to the mustard family
Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government (Brassicaceae or Cruciferae) and has numerous
ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by common names used, e.g., brown mustard, Chinese
Bhupender Yadav mustard, or oriental mustard.
62. (b) Position of Chairman of Genetic Engineering
Appraisal Committee is hold by Special
Secretary/Additional Secretary, Ministry of
64.
65.
m
(c) Agriculture is a primary-sector industry. It is the
o
ability to make raw food using agricultural methods.
(a) Article 48 of the Constitution of India is one of the
c
.
Environment, Forest and Climate Change Directive Principles which directs the state to make
(MoEF&CC). Mr Naresh Pal Gangwar is a senior efforts for banning animal slaughtering of cows and
rs
Indian Administrative Service officer, who calves and other milch and draught cattle. It further
currently serves as the Joint Secretary in the states to organise agriculture and animal husbandry
e
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate on modern and scientific lines.
Change, Government of India.
POST-QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY AND ALL ABOUT

CRYPTOCURRENCY
an k
Why in news
Computation pervades today’str-world.
5M7T2QFrom
4O4S4Rbanking,
7S
p r
to romance, to shopping, and even warfare, computers form one of the
Post-quantum cryptography
To
pillars of human civilization. However, there has been a lot of worry about quantum computing and its potential impact on
computer security.
Post-quantum cryptography, also known as quantum encryption, is the development of cryptographic systems for classical
computers that can prevent attacks launched by quantum computers. In the 1980s, scientists speculated that if computers could
take advantage of the unique properties of quantum mechanics, they could perform complicated computations faster than
classical, binary computers. In 1990s, after mathematician Peter Shor successfully demonstrated that a theoretical quantum
computer could easily break the algorithm used for public key encryption (PKE), cryptographers around the world began to
explore what a post-quantum cryptography system would look like. As of this writing, standards for post-quantum encryption are
still emerging. 4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
Pre-quantum vs. quantum cryptography
Pre-quantum cryptography uses a specific type of cipher called an algorithm to transform human-readable data into secret code.
The challenge of pre-quantum cryptography is to make encryption ciphers easy to understand but difficult to reverse-engineer.
Quantum cryptography relies on the physical properties of atoms and uses geometric ciphers to transform human-readable data
into unbreakable secret code. A major challenge of post-quantum cryptography is that quantum physics is an emerging scientific
4B4A7B
2I4Goperate.
tr-5I7Gand
field of study and prototypes for quantum computers are expensive to build
Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual coin secured by cryptography. They have their own store values, and are designed to use as
a medium of exchange for buying goods or services. Cryptocurrencies are decentralised, meaning that no authority regulates
them. They are built on the blockchain network technology, which ensures transparency and helps track every transaction. Such
currencies, theoretically, are immune to government interference or any kind of manipulation. Because cryptocurrencies do not
have an underlying economic base, they are inflation-proof. Plus, the digital structure facilitates free portability across
geographical borders, divisibility and transparency. However, they are often criticised for the possibility of misuse in illegal
activities, exchange rate volatility and the vulnerability of the infrastructure underlying them.
25
The future of post-quantum cryptography
The algorithms that support encryption today, including public-key cryptography, are considered to be safe for e-commerce.
While quantum computing is real, the technology is expensive and use cases have their roots in scientific and government
research. The race is on, however, between researchers trying to find a post-quantum encryption that works and researchers trying
to break RSA and similar cryptosystems with quantum algorithms. Many experts believe quantum supremacy will be reached
within nine or 10 years, at which time RSA and similar asymmetrical algorithms will no longer be able to protect sensitive data.
NIST is therefore aggressively looking to create a standard for post-quantum encryption. Experts recommend that while NIST is
busy evaluating the effectiveness of proposed standards for post-quantum cryptography, organizations use the next couple years
to create a reference index for applications that use encryption, as well as keep track of the public and third-party encryption
libraries.
66. Who is the first minister of commerce of independent 68. Which is the smallest unit of data on a computer?
India? (a) Mega (b) Bit
(a) Shri Piyush Goyal (c) Beta (d) Byte
(b) Suresh Prabhu
(c) C.H. Bhabha
(d) Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
69.
o m
Which is the first country to use Bitcoin as a legal
currency?
c
.
(a) France (b) Germany
67. Who is called as the father of computer? (c) El Salvador (d) England
rs
(a) Charles Babbage
(b) Thomas Edison 70. The transfer of any virtual currency/cryptocurrency
e
(c) Philo Taylor Farnsworth asset will be subject to ……… percent of tax
(d) Martin Cooper deduction.
an k (a) 20%
(c) 40%q
(b) 30%
(d) 10%
66. (d) The first Minister of Commerce and

tr-5M7T2Q4O
7S
Industry
4S4R
r
pof 68. (b) A bit is a binary digit and it is the smallest unit of
67.
Bharatiya Janata Party.
To
independent India was Shyama Prasad Mukherjee.
The current Minister is Piyush Goyal of the
(a) The British scientist Charles Babbage is known as

the father of computers. Babbage wanted to build a
machine that could perform accurate calculations
69.
70.
data on a computer.
(c) El Salvador and the Central African Republic
(CAR) are the only two countries in the world where
Bitcoin functions as a legal currency.
(b) The Government of India mentioned in the Union
budget 2022-23 that-the transfer of any virtual
quickly to avoid errors in navigation and currency/cryptocurrency asset will be subject to
engineering. 30% tax deduction.
BHARAT NCAP 7S
tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R
Why in news
India got its own crash safety assessment system with the launch of Bharat NCAP by Union Minister of Road Transport and
Highways. Bharat NCAP will be implemented from October 1, 2023.
About the programme

The Bharat NCAP aims to enable Indian auto manufacturers to get their vehicles tested by Automotive Industry Standard (AIS)
4A7B
5I7G2I4G4B(COP)
197. Vehicles will get star ratings for Adult Occupants (AOP) and Childtr-Occupant based on their performance in the tests.
This will help assess to what extent a car may suffer damage in the event of an accident. Customers can refer to these star ratings
to decide which car to buy. This programme is a significant step forward in the Government's commitment to improve road safety
through raising the safety standards of motor vehicles up to 3.5 tonnes in India. The government expects the programme to
increase the demand for safer cars and encourage manufacturers to comply with customer needs. The high safety standards can
help Indian cars compete better in the global market and increase the export potential of the Indian car manufacturers, according
to the government.
Global NCAP
Conducted by a private company, and funded by different charities and car companies across the world, the Global NCAP tests
are based on 2013 Latin NCAP protocols. They cover only a limited range of tests and the vehicles get a star rating for adult
safety and a star rating for child safety post-tests.
26
Metrics of Global NCAP test:
The main test comprises the frontal offset where a vehicle is made to move towards a deformable at 64 mph. In this, the vehicle
and the deformable barrier are kept at 40 percent overlap to simulate an accident between 2 cars at 50 mph. For Global NCAP
certification, this test is mandatory. Additional tests include side-impact tests and other tests.
Differences between Bharat NCAP and Global NCAP

 In Global NCAP, a vehicle must get a minimum of 34 points – 16 points for the front crash test, 16 for the side impact, and
2 points for seatbelt reminders -- to get a 5-star safety rating for adult occupant protection. However, in Bharat NCAP, to
receive a 5-star rating, a vehicle needs at least 27 points in adult occupant protection and requires 41 points in child occupant
protection.
 The Bharat NCAP protocols are in line with Global NCAP norms when it comes to crash testing. Three tests including offset
deformable barrier frontal impact test, side impact test, and pole side impact test -- would determine the crashworthiness of
the vehicles. Apart from this, Bharat NCAP would also mandate the installation of six airbags, electronic stability control
(ESC), three-point seatbelts for every passenger, improved emergency braking systems, etc, reported AutoX.
m
 The third criterion is top speed. For Bharat NCAP, the frontal crash test will be conducted at a speed of 64km/h. On the other
o
hand, the side and pole-side impact tests will be done at 50km/h and 29km/h, respectively. It is similar to Global NCAP with
slight changes.
c
.
 The Bharat NCAP norms will also be applicable for testing and rate CNG and EVs based on their performance.
 Unlike Global NCAP, Bharat NCAP will give a unified rating for the vehicles, combining crash test results for adults and
rs
children alike.
Conclusion
k e
Though the Bharat NCAP is similar to the Global NCAP, it takes into account the existing Indian driving conditions and
regulations. As per details, over 30 car models have already been offered by the manufacturers for assessment.
71. Who is the current minister of Road Transport and

Highways?
(a) Nitin Gadkari (b) Arjun Munda
r an (c) Bhushan Singh Vajpayee

(d) Dr. Reji Mathai
72.
(c) Nirmla Sitharaman (d) Rajnath 4O
o
Singh
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q
Bharat NCAP makes India the ……….country to have
p 74. Where is the headquarter of Automotive Research
Association of India?
(a) Pune (b) Jharkhand
T
such a program. (c) Delhi (d) Chennai
(a) Fourth (b) Fifth
(c) Sixth (d) Seventh 75. What is the Full form of NCAP?
(a) National Corporate Assosiation Programme
73. Who is the Director at Automotive Research (b) New Car Assessment Programme
Association of India? (c) New Company Act Programing
(a) Neeti Sarkar (d) New Car Assosiate programme
(b) Saurabh Dalela
7S
tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R
71. (a) Nitin Jairam Gadkari is an Indian politician from 74. (a) Automotive Research Association of India has its
Maharashtra who is the current Minister for Road registered office at Kothrud, Pune, India. It's two
Transport & Highways in the Government of India. divisions viz., Forging Industry Division (ARAI-
72. (b) Bharat NCAP makes India the fifth country to have FID) and
4A7BHomologation and Technology Centre
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
such a program after the US, China, Japan and South (ARAI-HTC) are situated in the industrial hub of
Korea Chakan near Pune.
73. (d) Reji Mathai has taken over as Director of the 75. (b) New Car Assessment Programs (NCAP) test new
Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) cars and gives them a safety rating from zero to five
from Neelkanth V Marathe, officiating director, on stars.
December 2, 2020.
27
CURRENT AFFAIRS PRACTICE SHEET (CAPS)
Topic The Cec And Other Ecs (Appointment, Conditions Of Service And Term Of Office) Bill, 2023
In a controversial move, the Union Government on Thursday introduced a Bill removing the Chief Justice of India (CJI)
from a three-member panel to select the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and Election Commissioners. Instead of
the CJI, the three-member panel, when formed, would consist of a Cabinet Minister besides the Leader of Opposition
(LoP) in the Lok Sabha, and the Prime Minister, who would head it. The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election
Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Bill, 2023, was introduced by Law Minister
Arjun Ram Meghwal in the Rajya Sabha amid din over protests on Manipur. In March, the Supreme Court had ruled
that the selection panel should comprise the Prime Minister, the Leader of Opposition (LoP) in Lok Sabha and the CJI.
The court had said the order would hold good until a law was made by Parliament.
Till this SC ruling, Election Commissioners and CECs had been appointed by the President after recommendations from
the government. The Opposition was quick to point out that this would put a question mark on the neutrality of the
Election Commission (EC) as the selection panel would effectively have two members of the BJP — the Prime Minister
and the Cabinet Minister. The EC would see a vacancy in February next year when Election Commissioner Anup
Chandra Pandey demits office, possibly days before the dates for the 2024 general election are announced. According
c o m
to the Statement and Objectives of the Bill, in case there is no LoP in the Lower House of Parliament, the leader of the
single-largest Opposition party would be considered the LoP.
rs .
At first, a list of five persons would be prepared for the selection committee’s consideration for appointment as the CEC
and Election Commissioners. The Opposition seized the opportunity and accused the government of diluting a
e
Constitution Bench order. Congress general secretary (Organisation) K.C. Venugopal hit out at the government over
the Bill, calling it a “blatant attempt at making the Election Commission a total puppet” in the hands of the Prime
76.
Minister.
How is the Chief Election Commissioner of India
an k (b) The Election Commission is a constitutional
r
appointed? Indian Polity, Elections, Medium body.
(a) Elected by the President (c) The Election Commission is responsible for the
(b) Appointed by the Prime Minister 4R7S
(c) Appointed by the Chief tr-5M7T2Q
o
Justice
4O4S
of India
(d) Appointed by a collegium of judges
p conduct of elections to local bodies like
Panchayats and Municipalities.
(d) The Chief Election Commissioner can be
77.
T
Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with
the Election Commission of India? Indian Polity,
Elections, Medium
(a) Article 320
(c) Article 335
(b) Article 324
(d) Article 356
80.
removed by the President on
recommendation of the Prime Minister.
the
In the context of the selection process for the Chief

Election Commissioner (CEC) and Election
Commissioners (ECs) in India, which change is
proposed by the Bill mentioned? Indian Polity,
78. How many Election Commissioners can be Elections, Medium
appointed in addition to the Chief Election (a) The 4Sremoval
4R7S of the President from the selection
tr-5M7T2Q4O
Commissioner? Indian Polity, Elections, Medium panel.
(a) One (b) Two (b) The inclusion of the Chief Justice of India (CJI)
(c) Three (d) Four in the selection panel.
(c) The inclusion of the Prime Minister in the
79. Which of the following statements about the selection panel.
Election Commission of India is NOT true? Indian (d) The exclusion
tr-5I 2I4G4B
7G 4A7B of political party representatives
Polity, Elections, Medium from the selection panel.
(a) The Election Commission conducts elections to
the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

76. (a) The Chief Election Commissioner is appointed consults with the Prime Minister and the Chief
by the President of India. The President usually Justice of India in this process.
28
77. (b) Article 324 of the Indian Constitution deals with This statement is not true. The Chief Election
the powers and functions of the Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners can
Commission of India. It empowers the Election only be removed through a process of
Commission to superintend, direct, and control impeachment, similar to that of judges of the
the preparation of the electoral rolls and the Supreme Court, and not at the recommendation
conduct of elections. of the Prime Minister.
78. (b) In addition to the Chief Election Commissioner, 80. (b) The Bill seeks to amend the existing process of
two Election Commissioners can be appointed. selecting the Chief Election Commissioner
This forms a three-member Election (CEC) and Election Commissioners (ECs) by
Commission. However, prior to 1993, there used removing the Chief Justice of India (CJI) from
to be only one Election Commissioner. the panel. Previously, the selection panel
79. (d) The Chief Election Commissioner can be consisted of the Prime Minister, the Chief
removed by the President on the Justice of India (CJI), and the outgoing CEC or
recommendation of the Prime Minister. EC, if applicable.
Topic: Initiatives Under National Education Policy 2020

National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) unequivocally endorses and envisions a substantial increase in public
c o m
investment in education by both the Central government and all State Governments to reach 6% of GDP. The Policy
rs .
also calls for the rejuvenation, active promotion, and support for private philanthropic activity in the education sector.
As far as Ministry of Education is concerned, there has been increase in budget allocation from Rs. 99,311.52 crore (2020-
e
21) to Rs. 1,12,899.47 crore (2023-24), which is around 13.68 % increase. As per Analysis of Budgeted Expenditure on
Education 2018-19 to 2020-21, total expenditure on education as percentage of GDP has shown increasing trend and for
the year 2020-21 it is 4.64%.
an k
NEP 2020 provides for facilitation of research/teaching collaborations and faculty/student exchanges with high-quality
r
foreign institutions. It also encourages high performing Indian universities to set up their campuses in other countries,
and similarly, selected universities e.g., those from among the top 100 universities in the world will be facilitated to
operate in India. Accordingly, UGC2Q
Institutions to offer Twinning,
has 4S
tr-5M7T 4O
o
issued
p
4R7S ‘Academic Collaboration between Indian and Foreign Higher Educational
Joint Degree and Dual Degree Programmes Regulations’ on 02.05.2022. It inter-alia
promotes enhanced academic collaboration with foreign higher educational institutions leading towards academic and
T
research excellence in the Indian higher educational institutions. Also, to promote affordable world class academic and
research facilities World Class Institutions Scheme was launched in the year 2017. The regulatory framework of the
scheme provides for identifying 10 institutions each from the public and private category to grant them the status of an
‘Institution of Eminence' (loE). So far, 12 institutions have been notified as ‘Institutions of Eminence’ (loE) which include
08 institutions from the public category and 04 institutions from the private category.
Global Initiative for Academic Network (GIAN) has also been implemented which seeks to tap the talent pool of
scientists and entrepreneurs from abroad, including those of Indian origin, to augment the country’s existing academic
resources. The Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research tr- Collaboration
5M7T2Q4O4S (SPARC), aims at improving the research
4R7S
ecosystem of India’s higher educational institutions by facilitating academic and research collaborations between top
ranked Indian Institutions and globally ranked foreign institutions, through joint research projects involving mobility
of students and faculty.
The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for setting up of campus of IIT Madras in Zanzibar- Tanzania has been
signed between the Ministry of Education (MoE), Govt. of India, IIT 4A7BMinistry of Education and Vocational
tr-5IMadras
7G2I4G4Band
Training (MoEVT) Zanzibar- Tanzania, first ever IIT campus to be set up outside India. Similarly, a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) has been signed between the Ministry of Education and Abu Dhabi Department of Education
and Knowledge (ADEK), and the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi) to establish 1st campus of IIT Delhi
in Abu Dhabi.
81. What is the primary goal of the National Education (b) Ensuring quality early childhood care and
Policy (NEP) 2020? Indian Polity, Directive education
Principles of State Policy, Difficult (c) Making India a global knowledge superpower
(a) Promoting vocational education (d) Increasing the number of educational
institutions
29
84. Who was the first Education Minister of India?
82. How many major revisions of the framework of Indian Polity, Directive Principles of State Policy,
education in India have been made since Easy
independence? Indian Polity, Directive Principles of (a) Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
State Policy, Difficult (b) Govind Ballabh Pant
(a) One (b) Two (c) K. M. Munshi
(c) Three (d) Four (d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
83. Which age group does the "Preparatory Stage" (as 85. Which of the following schemes was not part of the
per the 5+3+3+4 curricular structure) correspond to? National Education Policy (NEP) 2020? Indian
Indian Polity, Directive Principles of State Policy, Polity, Directive Principles of State Policy, Difficult
Difficult (a) PM-SHRI scheme (PM Schools for Rising India)
(a) 3-8 years (b) 8-11 years (b) NIPUN Bharat
(c) 11-14 years (d) 14-18 years (c) PM e-VIDYA

(d) ABLE India
c o m
81. (c) Making India a global knowledge superpower
The NEP 2020 aims at making India a global
knowledge superpower by focusing on various 85.
rs .
He played a significant role in shaping the
education system in post-independence India.
(d) PM Schools for Rising India (SHRI): PM-SHRI
82.
aspects of education reform and improvement.
(c) The NEP 2020 is the third major revision of the
k e scheme aims to provide high-quality education

in an equitable, inclusive, and joyful school
n
education framework in India since environment,
independence. The previous revisions were NIPUN Bharat: The vision of National Initiative
83.
made in 1968 and 1986.
(b) The "Preparatory Stage" in the 5+3+3+4
curricular structure corresponds to the age
group of 8-11 years. tr-5M7T2Q4O
4S4R7S
p r a for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding

and Numeracy(NIPUN) Bharat Mission,
PM e-VIDYA: The initiative aimed to promote
online education and digital learning by
84.
o
(b) The first Education Minister of India was:
T
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad served as the first
Education Minister of India from 1947 to 1958.
Topic: Vivad Se Vishwas–II

providing various e-learning platforms like
DIKSHA and offering e-books and e-contents to
students across the country.
All these schemes are part of the NEP, 2020.
Passage: To provide a much-needed impetus to the resolution of contractual disputes involving the government and
government undertakings, the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, launched the “Vivad se Vishwas 2"
scheme on Wednesday.
The move is aimed at promoting ease of doing business and will cover disputes
7S up to 30 September 2022. Finance
tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R
minister Nirmala Sitharaman had announced in the budget that in order to settle contractual disputes involving the
government and government undertakings, where an arbitral award is under legal challenge, a voluntary settlement
scheme with standardized terms will be introduced.
This will be done by offering graded settlement terms depending on pendency level of the dispute, the finance minister
had said. To ensure the scheme’s seamless implementation, the Department 4A7B of Expenditure has issued detailed
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
guidelines for “Vivad se Vishwas-2 (Contractual Disputes)" on 29 May 2023. The deadline for submitting claims under
the scheme is 31 October 2023. The scheme will apply to all domestic contractual disputes where one of the parties is
either the Government of India or an organisation operating under its control.
Under the scheme, for court awards passed on or before 30 April 2023, contractors will be offered settlement amounts
up to 85% of the net amount awarded or upheld by the court. Similarly, for arbitral awards passed on or before 31 January
2023, the settlement amount offered will be up to 65% of the net amount awarded.
To facilitate a smooth and transparent process, the government e-marketplace (GeM) has created a dedicated web-page
for the implementation of the “Vivad se Vishwas-2 (Contractual Disputes)" scheme. Eligible claims will be processed
exclusively through the GeM platform, streamlining the settlement process and ensuring expeditious resolution.
30
86. What is the financial year for the Indian budget? (a) Economic Survey
National - Economy, Budget, Difficult (b) Annual Financial Statement
(a) April 1st to March 31st (c) Finance Commission Report
(b) January 1st to December 31st (d) Fiscal Policy Report
(c) July 1st to June 30th
(d) October 1st to September 30th 89. Who presents the Union Budget in India? National
- Economy, Budget, Easy
87. In what scenario is the Vivad Se Vishwas-II Scheme (a) Prime Minister
specifically designed to be applied? National - (b) President
Economy, Budget, Difficult (c) Finance Minister
(a) Tax evasion cases (d) Chief Economic Advisor
(b) Criminal cases 90. What is the term used to describe the excess of
(c) Cases involving intellectual property rights government's total expenditure over its total
(d) Disputes where the Arbitral Award is under revenue in the budget? National - Economy,
m
challenge in a court Budget, easy
(a) Budget Deficit (b) Budget Surplus
o
88. Which document contains the estimates of revenue (c) Fiscal Deficit (d) Revenue Deficit
c
and expenditure for the Indian government for a
.
financial year? National - Economy, Budget,
rs
Difficult

86. (a) April 1st to March 31st. The Indian budget
k
88.
e (b) Annual Financial Statement. This statement,
n
follows the financial year from April 1st of one presented in the Union Budget, contains the
a
year to March 31st of the next year. estimates of revenue and expenditure for the
r
87. (d) Disputes where the Arbitral Award is under Indian government for a financial year.
challenge in a court. The scheme is intended to 89. (c) Finance Minister. The Finance Minister of India
address disputes where the Arbitral4RAward
settlement mechanism.
o
contested in a court, tr-providing
7S
5M7T2Q4O4Sa voluntary
is
p 90.
presents the Union Budget in Parliament.
(a) Budget Deficit. When the government's total
expenditure exceeds its total revenue, it results
T
Topic: Offshore Areas Mineral (Development And Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2023
in a budget deficit.
Passage: The Rajya Sabha on Thursday passed the Offshore Areas Mineral (Development and Regulation) Amendment
Bill, 2023, which seeks to make amendments to the Offshore Areas Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 2002
(‘OAMDR Act’). The Bill was passed by LokSabha on August 1; and will now be sent for President for assent. The
proposed amendments introduce auction for allocation of operating rights 4S in4Roffshore
7S areas. Other amendments state,
5M7T2Q4O
operating rights are to be granted to private sector only throughtr-auction by competitive bidding (production lease and
composite licence).
“Composite licences introduced in the Act is a two stage operating right granted for the purpose of undertaking
exploration followed by production operation,” the Mines Ministry said in a statement. The amendments mention that
operating rights to be granted to PSUs in the mineral bearing areas will be reserved by the Central Government; while
amendments also make provisions for grant of operating rights only to 2I PSUs 4A
in 7B
case of atomic minerals.
tr-5I7G 4G4B
Amendments grant production lease for a fixed period of 50 years on lines similar to the MMDR Act. A limit has also
been introduced on total area one person can acquire in the offshore (not more than 45 minutes latitude by 45 minutes
longitude) in respect of any mineral or prescribed group of associated minerals under one or more operating rights
(taken together). To ensure availability of funds for exploration, a non-lapsable Offshore Areas Mineral Trust will
maintain a fund under the Public Account of India. This will be funded by an additional levy on the production of
minerals, not exceeding one third of the royalty.
Easy transfer of licenses, introduction of timelines for commencement of production and dispatch after the execution
of production lease have also been proposed. The amendments maintain royalty, auction premium and other revenues
from the production of minerals from offshore areas shall accrue to the Government of India.
31
91. What is the primary objective of the Offshore Areas 93. In the context of the Offshore Areas Mineral
Mineral (Development and Regulation) (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill,
Amendment Bill, 2023? Environment - Laws and 2023, which entities will be exclusively granted
Policies, Waste management: plastic/Hazardeous/e- operating rights for atomic minerals? Environment
waste, Difficult - Laws and Policies, Waste management:
(a) To ban offshore mining activities in India plastic/Hazardeous/e-waste, Difficult
(b) To encourage unregulated mining in offshore (a) Private sector companies
areas (b) Foreign companies
(c) To introduce crucial reforms in India's offshore (c) Public sector undertakings (PSUs)
mining sector (d) Individual miners
(d) To promote offshore mining by foreign
companies 94. Which minerals fall under the category of atomic
minerals, as mentioned in the amendment?
92. What is the key modification brought by the Environment - Laws and Policies, Waste
amendment regarding operating rights in offshore
areas? Environment - Laws and Policies, Waste
management: plastic/Hazardeous/e-waste, Difficult
m
management: plastic/Hazardeous/e-waste, Difficult
o
(a) Gold, silver, and copper
(b) Iron ore, manganese, and limestone
c
.
(a) Operating rights can only be granted to public (c) Uranium, thorium, rare metals like niobium and
sector undertakings (PSUs). tantalum
rs
(b) Operating rights can only be granted through a (d) Coal, petroleum, and natural gas
lottery system.
(c) Operating rights will be granted through
auction by competitive bidding, exclusively to the
private sector.
95.
k e Who is the current Minister of Mines in India?

Environment - Laws and Policies, Waste
management: plastic/Hazardeous/e-waste, Easy
(d) Operating rights will be granted without any
competitive process.
r an (a) Pralhad Joshi

(c) Nitin Gadkari
(b) Dharmendra Pradhan
(d) Hardeep Singh Puri
o p
2Q4O4S4R7S
tr-5M7TANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS
T
91. (c) To introduce crucial reforms in India's offshore 94. (c) Uranium, thorium, rare metals like niobium and
mining sector. The amendment aims to reform tantalum, and certain beach sand minerals.
the existing regulatory framework for offshore Atomic minerals include minerals containing
mining. uranium, thorium, and rare metals like niobium
92. (c) Operating rights will be granted through and tantalum, as well as certain beach sand
auction by competitive bidding, exclusively to minerals like titanium, zirconium, and Rare
the private sector. The amendment introduces Earth Elements (REEs).
an auction regime for the allocation of operating https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-
rights in offshore areas. news/rajya-sabha-clears-bill-for-50-year-
tr-5M7T2Q 4O4S4R7S
93. (c) Public sector undertakings (PSUs). PSUs will be production-lease-for-offshore-minerals-amidst-
exclusively granted operating rights for atomic opposition-walkout-101691095060499.html
minerals in mineral bearing areas reserved by 95. (c) Pralhad Joshi. Pralhad Joshi is the Union
the Central Government. Minister of Mines in India.
Topic: The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment 4A7B Bill, 2023
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
Passage: A bill seeking grant of exploration licence to private sector players for deep-seated and critical minerals was
introduced in Parliament on Wednesday. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation Amendment) Bill,
2023 also empowers the central government to exclusively auction mining lease and composite licence for certain
critical minerals. Union Minister for Coal and Mines Pralhad Joshi introduced the bill in Lok Sabha amid continuous
slogan-shouting by opposition members over the Manipur issue.
According to the statement of objects and reasons of the bill, the amendments "would facilitate, encourage and
incentivize private sector participation in all spheres of mineral exploration for critical and deep-seated minerals". The
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 has already been amended several times earlier.
However, the mineral sector requires certain more reforms particularly for increasing exploration and mining of critical
minerals that are essential for economic development and national security in the country, it said. The statement further
said that the blocks explored by the exploration licence holder would be auctioned for mining lease within a prescribed
32
timeline, which will fetch better revenue to the state governments. The exploration agency shall be entitled to a share
in the auction premium payable by the mining lease holder.
96. Which recent amendment to the MMDR Act, 1957, 98. In 2015, the MMDR Act, 1957, was amended to
aimed to remove the distinction between captive introduce auction-based mineral concession
and merchant mines, among other reforms? allocation. What was the primary purpose of this
National - Polity and Governance, amendment? National - Polity and Governance,
Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
(a) The 2015 amendment (a) To increase penalties for illegal mining
(b) The 2016 amendment (b) To promote exploration of critical minerals
(c) The 2020 amendment (c) To enhance transparency in mineral concession
(d) The 2021 amendment allocation
(d) To establish the District Mineral Foundation
97. What is the main objective of the National Mineral (DMF)
Exploration Trust (NMET), which was established as
part of the MMDR Act amendments? National -
Polity and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments,
99.
o m
What is India's current renewable energy target for
2030, as announced at COP26? National - Polity
c
.
Medium and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
(a) To penalize illegal mining activities (a) 400 GW (b) 450 GW
rs
(b) To promote sustainable mining practices (c) 500 GW (d) 550 GW
(c) To encourage exploration of critical minerals
(d) To provide financial support to affected
communities
e
100.
k
By which year India’s energy transition efforts and
its commitment to achieving Net-Zero emissions?
National - Polity and Governance,
r an Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
(a) 2050
(c) 2070
(b) 2060
(d) 2040
o p
4O4S4R7S
ANSWER
tr-5M7T2Q KEY &EXPLANATIONS
T
96. (d) The 2021 amendment. The 2021 amendment to more transparent process for granting mineral
the MMDR Act removed the distinction concessions.
between captive and merchant mines and 99. (c) 500 GW. India's renewable energy target for 2030
introduced various other reforms to further was raised to 500 GW, as announced at COP26.
improve the mineral sector in India. This reflects the country's commitment to
97. (c) To encourage exploration of critical minerals. significantly increase its renewable energy
NMET was established to promote mineral capacity to combat climate change and reduce
exploration in India, with a focus on critical dependence on fossil fuels.
minerals essential for economic development 100. (c) India’s Net Zero target of 2070 silences its critics
tr-5M7T2Q 4O4S4R7S
and national security. but it is along expected lines. The big thing here
98. (c) To enhance transparency in mineral concession is not the target itself but the fact that India
allocation. The 2015 amendment aimed to finally relented and decided to take up a target,
introduce auction-based allocation to ensure a something it had been holding back on for quite
some time.
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
Topci: Medium-Term Expenditure Framework
Passage: The medium-term expenditure framework (MTEF) statement sets a three-year rolling target for expenditure
indicators, along with specifications of underpinning assumptions and risks. This statement is presented in Parliament
under Section 3 of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003. The statement provides an
estimate of expenditure for various sectors, including education, health, rural development, energy, subsidies and
pension, and so on. Data such as expenditure commitments spread across the various central ministries on salaries and
pensions, major programmes, grants-in-aid for creation of capital assets, defence expenditure, interest payment and
major subsidies, etc, besides other commitments of the government are considered while formulating this statement.
Expenditure commitments for revenue and capital expenditure are shown separately. Also depicted as part of revenue
expenditure are "grants-in-aid for creation of capital assets" and its projection. The objective of MTEF is to facilitate a
33
closer integration between FRBM statements and the Union Budget. This statement is presented in the session after the
one in which the Budget is presented — usually, that is the monsoon session.
The first Medium Term Expenditure Framework was laid in the monsoon Session of Parliament in August 2013. MTEF
essentially contains the following:
The expenditure commitment of the government on major policy changes involving new services, new instruments of
service, new schemes and programmes, Explicit contingent liabilities in the form of stipulated annuity payments stated
over a multi-year timeframe and A detailed break-up of grants for creating capital assets
101. What is the primary aim of the FRBM Act enacted in (b) Revenue Deficit = Capital Expenditure - Capital
2003? National - Polity and Governance, Receipts
Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium (c) Revenue Deficit = Revenue Expenditure -
(a) To increase government spending Revenue Receipts
(b) To ensure fiscal discipline, transparency, and (d) Revenue Deficit = Fiscal Deficit - Primary Deficit
accountability in government spending
(c) To eliminate all government deficits
(d) To encourage deficit spending
104.
o m
What is the Union Budget of a year referred to as
according to Article 112 of the Indian Constitution?
National - Economy, Budget, Medium
c
.
102. What is the main objective of limiting the fiscal (a) Fiscal Policy Document
deficit to 3% of the GDP under the FRBM Act? (b) Economic Survey
rs
National - Polity and Governance, (c) Annual Financial Statement (AFS)
Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium (d) Financial Allocation Report
(a) To encourage excessive government borrowing
(b) To reduce government revenue
(c) To ensure a balanced budget at all times
k e
105. What is the term for the speech delivered by the
President of India to the joint session of Parliament
103.
(d) To maintain fiscal discipline and sustainability
How is the Revenue Deficit calculated? National -
r an at the beginning of each budget session, outlining

the government's policies and priorities for the
upcoming year? National - Economy, Budget,
p
Polity and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
Medium 4S4R7S (a) Union Budget Speech
tr-5M7T2Q4O
Revenue
To
(a) Revenue Deficit = Total Expenditure - Total

(b) Economic Survey Speech
(c) Presidential Address
(d) Budgetary Declaration
101. (b) To ensure fiscal discipline, transparency, and expenditure over its revenue receipts, indicating
accountability in government spending. The a shortfall in meeting regular expenses through
Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management regular income sources. It helps assess the
(FRBM) Act, enacted in 2003, was designed to sustainability
7S of government finances.
7T2Q4O4S4R
establish guidelines and targets for fiscal 104.tr-5M(c) Annual Financial Statement (AFS). Article 112 of
management to promote responsible spending the Indian Constitution refers to the Union
and financial accountability. Budget of a year as the Annual Financial
102. (d) To maintain fiscal discipline and sustainability. Statement (AFS). This statement contains
The FRBM Act limited the fiscal deficit to 3% of estimates of revenue and expenditure for the
the GDP to ensure that the government's Indian4A
government
7B for a financial year.
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
borrowing and spending remained sustainable 105. (c) Presidential Address. The President of India
and did not lead to excessive debt accumulation. delivers the Presidential Address to the joint
This limit was set to promote responsible fiscal session of Parliament at the beginning of each
management. budget session. This address outlines the
103. (c) Revenue Deficit = Revenue Expenditure - government's policies and priorities for the
Revenue Receipts. Revenue Deficit is a measure upcoming year.
of the excess of government's revenue
34
Topic: China’s Stapled Visas
Passage: India withdrew its eight-athlete wushu contingent from the Summer World University Games beginning in
Chengdu on Friday (July 28) after China issued stapled visas to three athletes from the team who belong to Arunachal
Pradesh. Wushu is the Chinese term for martial arts. Two hundred and twenty-seven Indian athletes are participating
in 11 other sports at the games that are held every two years, and are officially known as the FISU World University
Games. The Chengdu edition was originally scheduled for 2021 but was postponed because of the Covid-19 pandemic,
and the original 2023 games, scheduled to be held in Yekaterinburg, were cancelled after Russia invaded Ukraine in
February 2022.
A stapled visa is simply an unstamped piece of paper that is attached by a pin or staples to a page of the passport and
can be torn off or detached at will. This is different from a regular visa that is affixed to the passport by the issuing
authority and stamped. China has made it a practice to issue stapled visas to Indian nationals from Arunachal Pradesh
and Jammu and Kashmir. It says the visas are valid documents, but the Government of India has consistently refused
to accept this position.
On Thursday (July 27), Ministry of External Affairs spokesperson Arindam Bagchi said the issual of stapled visas was
“unacceptable and we have lodged our strong protest with the Chinese side, reiterating our consistent position on the
matter”. Bagchi said India’s “long-standing and consistent position is that there should be no discrimination or
o m
differential treatment based on domicile or ethnicity in the visa regime for Indian citizens holding valid India passports”,
c
.
and that “India reserves the right to suitably respond to such actions”.
rs
106. What is the main source of dispute between China (a) South Himalaya (b) Eastern Frontier
and India regarding territorial sovereignty? (c) Zangnan (d) Greater Tibet
International - International relations, India's
Neighbourhood, Easy
(a) A disagreement over the Line of Actual Control
k e
109. What is the McMahon Line in the context of the
India-China border dispute? International -
(LAC)
(b) Disputed claims over the Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Challenges to the legitimacy of the Simla
r an International relations, India's Neighbourhood,

Difficult
(a) A river boundary separating the two countries
p
Convention of 1914 (b) An ancient trade route connecting India and
(d) Territorial disputes in the Indian 4S4R7S
Ocean
7T2Q4O China
o
tr-5M
(c) A boundary agreement between Tibet and
T
107. What is the border length of the India- China border British India
in Km? International - International relations, (d) A de facto border established by negotiations
India's Neighbourhood, Easy
(a) 3981 (b) 4728 110. In which sector of the India-China border dispute
(c) 3488 (d) 3798 does China claim Arunachal Pradesh as part of its
territory, referring to it as "South Tibet"?
108. What is the term used by China to refer to the International - International relations, India's
disputed region of Arunachal Pradesh in its official Neighbourhood, Difficult
maps? International - International relations, (a) Western sector (b) Northern sector
4O4S4R7S
India's Neighbourhood, Difficult (c)7T2Q
tr-5M Eastern sector (d) Southern sector

106. (a) A disagreement over the Line of Actual Control 109. (c) A boundary agreement between Tibet and
(LAC). The Line of Actual Control is a de facto British4AIndia.
7B The McMahon Line is a boundary
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
border between India and China, and disputes line established during the Simla Convention of
over its alignment in various areas have led to 1914 between British India and Tibet, which is at
tensions between the two countries. the center of the India-China border dispute.
107. (c) 3488 Km. 110. (c) Eastern sector. China claims Arunachal Pradesh
108. (c) Zangnan. China refers to the disputed region of as part of its territory and refers to it as "South
Arunachal Pradesh as "Zangnan" or "South Tibet." This territorial dispute is primarily
Tibet" in its official maps, indicating its located in the eastern sector of the India-China
territorial claim over this area. This terminology border.
is part of China's assertion of sovereignty in the
region, which has led to tensions with India.
35
Topic PLASTIC OVERSHOOT DAY
Passage: Nearly 68,642,999 tonnes of additional plastic waste will end up in nature this year, noted the 2023 Plastic
Overshoot Day Report by EA. India is among the 12 countries, along with China, Brazil, Indonesia, Thailand, Russia,
Mexico, the United States, Saudia Arabia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Iran and Kazakhstan, which are
responsible for 52 per cent of the world’s mismanaged plastic waste, it pointed out. Under current scenarios, despite
pledges and increased waste management capacity, increased production of plastics will lead to global plastics pollution
tripling by 2040, it pointed out.
Of the 159 million tonnes of plastics (which can be used only for a short time) to be produced globally in 2023, 43 per
cent (68.5 million tonnes) will end up causing pollution, the report pointed out. This day, which is just four days ahead
of Earth Overshoot Day on August 2, is a wake-up call to the world. Plastic Overshoot Day sheds light on a critical
aspect of the world’s plastic consumption: Short-life plastics, encompassing plastic packaging and single-use plastics.
These categories account for approximately 37 per cent of the total plastic commercialised annually. Moreover, they
pose a higher risk of leakage to the environment.
When it comes to plastic consumption on a per-person basis, the world’s worst offender is Iceland, with annual
o m
consumption of 128.9 kg per person. This is 24.3 times higher than the yearly consumption per person of 5.3 kg in India.
The global average consumption of plastic per person per year is 20.9 kg.
c
111. When is Plastic Overshoot Day typically celebrated?
Miscellaneous, Days and Themes, Medium
(a) July 1st (b) July 28th .
(a) National Dashboard on Elimination of Single
rs
Use Plastic and Plastic Waste Management
(b) GoLitter Partnerships Project
112.
(c) July 31st (d) July 21st
Which three African countries have the highest
k e (c) Project REPLAN

(d) Plastic Recycling Innovation Challenge
percentages of mismanaged waste, as mentioned in

the statement? Miscellaneous, Days and Themes,
Difficult
r an 114. When did India experience its Plastic Overshoot Day

in 2023? Miscellaneous, Days and Themes, Difficult
(a) July 1st (b) January 6th
p
(a) South Africa, Nigeria, and Ethiopia (c) May 28th (d) March 31st
(b) Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique 4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
113.
(d) Egypt, Sudan, and Uganda
To
(c) Mozambique, Nigeria, and Kenya
Which of the following is NOT a government

initiative related to plastic waste management in
India? Miscellaneous, Days and Themes, Difficult
115. According to the EA’s Mismanaged Waste Index
(MWI), what is India's rank in terms of mismanaged
waste generation? Miscellaneous, Days and Themes,
Difficult
(a) First
(c) Third
(b) Second
(d) Fourth

111. (b) July 28th. Plastic Overshoot Day, in the context in 4SIndia, "Plastic Recycling Innovation
tr-5M7T2Q 4O 4R7S
of the question, occurred on July 28, 2023. This Challenge" is not mentioned in the provided
day signifies the point in the year when global information. It's important to note that
plastic production exceeds the Earth's capacity government initiatives may change over time, so
to manage plastic waste effectively. It serves as a it's advisable to verify the latest initiatives for
reminder of the environmental challenges posed the most up-to-date information.
by plastic pollution. 114. (b) January 6th. In 2023, India experienced its
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
112. (c) Mozambique, Nigeria, and Kenya. According to Plastic Overshoot Day on January 6th. This
the statement, these three African countries— marks the point in the year when the country's
Mozambique (99.8%), Nigeria (99.44%), and plastic production exceeded its capacity for
Kenya (98.9%)—have the highest percentages effective waste management.
of mismanaged waste. Mismanaged waste refers 115. (d) Fourth. According to EA’s Mismanaged Waste
to waste that is not properly collected, disposed Index (MWI), India ranks fourth in terms of
of, or recycled, contributing to environmental mismanaged waste generation. This means that
pollution and health hazards. a significant portion of the waste generated in
113. (d) Plastic Recycling Innovation Challenge. While India is not managed properly, highlighting the
the other options are indeed government need for improved plastic waste management
initiatives related to plastic waste management practices.
36
Topic: Inter-Services Organisation (Command, Control & Discipline) Bill 2023
Passage: The Rajya Sabha on Tuesday (August 8) passed a bill that empowers the commander-in-chief and the officer-
in-command of inter-services organisations with disciplinary and administrative powers over personnel from the other
services serving in them. The Inter-Services Organisation (Command, Control & Discipline) Bill – 2023 was introduced
in the Upper House amid a walkout by opposition members demanding a discussion on the Manipur violence. It was
passed by the Lok Sabha on August 4. A parliamentary panel had recently recommended that the Bill be passed without
any amendments.
The bill seeks to empower Commander-in-Chief and Officer-in Command of Inter-Services Organisations with all
disciplinary and administrative powers so that they take decisions related to personnel serving in or attached to such
organisations. While service personnel serving in or attached to an Inter-Services Organisation will continue to be
governed by their respective Service Acts, the enabling bill when enacted will empower heads of Inter-Services
Organisations to exercise all the disciplinary and administrative powers as per the existing service acts, and related rules
and regulations, irrespective of the service they belong to.
More importantly, it also empowers the central government to constitute an Inter-Services Organisation, thus paving
the way for the creation of integrated theatre commands — a major military reform on cards. Speaking about the bill
c o m
.
in the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday, Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said considering the new challenges involved in
modern warfare which is more technology and network-centric, the bill will aid better coordination among the defence
rs
forces, and bring about better jointness and integration within the military.
116. Which of the following act does NOT govern the

operations of the Indian Army? National - Polity
k e (d) The bill applies only to the personnel of Inter-

services Organisations.
and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
(a) Army Act 1950
(b) Navy Act 1957
r an 119. What is the significance of the Joint command

located at Port Blair in Andaman and Nicobar
p
(c) Air Force Act 1950 Islands within the Indian Armed Forces? National -
(d) Armed Forces Act 1962 tr-5M7T2Q4O4S4R7S Polity and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments,
117.
Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium
(a) 12
(c) 17
(b) 7
(d) 11
To
How many commands do the Indian armed forces
currently have? National - Polity and Governance,
Medium
(a) It is the headquarters of the Indian Navy.
(b) It is the first Tri-Service theatre command in
India.
(c) It primarily focuses on training and recruitment.
(d) It houses the Ministry of Defence of India.
118. According to the bill, which of the following is true 120. What is the motto of the Indian Army? National -
regarding its applicability to military personnel in Polity and Governance, Bills/Acts/Amendments,
India? National - Polity and Governance, Medium
7T2Q 4O4S4R7S
Bills/Acts/Amendments, Medium (a)
tr-5M Service is our prime duty
(a) The bill applies only to regular Army personnel. (b) Unity in Diversity
(b) The bill applies to regular Army, Navy, and Air (c) Strength in Unity
Force personnel. (d) Nation First
(c) The bill applies to regular Army and Navy
personnel, but not Air Force personnel.
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B

116. (d) Armed Forces Act 1962. The Indian Army crucial role in the organization and functioning
operates under the Army Act of 1950, which of the armed forces.
provides the legal framework for its functioning, 118. (b) The bill applies to regular Army, Navy, and Air
discipline, and operations. Force personnel. According to the provided
117. (b) The Indian armed forces currently have 7 information, the bill is applicable to all regular
commands, which include operational Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel in India.
commands, training commands, and other 119. (b) It is the first Tri-Service theatre command in
specialized commands. These commands play a India. The Joint command in Andaman and
37
Nicobar Islands is notable for being the first Tri- which reflects the core values and commitment
Service theatre command of the Indian Armed of the Indian Army personnel to prioritize their
Forces. It brings together elements of the Army, service to the nation above all else. This motto
Navy, and Air Force to enhance coordination underscores their dedication and selflessness in
and operational effectiveness in the region. safeguarding the country.
120. (a) " Service is our prime duty." The motto of the
Indian Army is " Service is our prime duty,"
Topic: Coup in Niger

Passage: Niger is a vast, arid country in West Africa, twice the size of France. Having a population of about 25 million,
the largely-agrarian country is one of the poorest in the world and has ranked low on the Human Development Index
over the decades, vulnerable to the extreme weather effects of climate change which threatens food security. Niger,
however, also has gold mining reserves and 5-7% of the global production of uranium.
m
It was a French colony until 1960, like many of its neighbours. It faced a long period of instability post-independence
o
and was rocked by four military coups between 1974 and 2010. Like other countries in the wider Sahel region, the African
region separating the Sahara Desert in the north from the tropics to the south, Niger has also faced the rise of Islamist
c
.
extremist groups, armed local militias supported by stretched state security forces to counter the jihadist threat, and
the resulting violence and displacement.
rs
Mahamadou Issoufou came to power in 2011, winning legislative elections. Under his two-term presidental rule, Niger
e
saw a semblance of political stability. In 2021, when Mr. Issoufou agreed to step down after completing his second term,
k
the maximum number of successive terms allowed to a leader, his Cabinet Minister Mr. Bazoum was elected President,
in the first democratic transfer of power since the country’s independence. On Wednesday, July 26, the President, Mr.
n
Bazoum, and his family were detained by elite troops in Niger, who declared that they now held power. While the
a
President, who has not resigned, has since been confined to his official residence by the military, a group of soldiers
r
appeared on national TV on Thursday, declaring that they had overthrown Niger’s government. Colonel-Major Amadou
p
Abdramane said “all institutions” in the country would be suspended, borders closed and a curfew imposed.
4S 4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
To
He explained the rationale behind the military takeover, citing a “continued deterioration of the security situation” and
“poor economic and social governance.” Armed forces chief General Abdou Sidikou Issa threw his weight behind the
putschists saying it was “to avoid a deadly confrontation.” Niger’s military ruler warns against foreign meddling, urges
population to defend the country. Putting prevailing confusion to rest, General Tchiani said in a television address on
Friday that the nation would now be run by a newly formed military body, the National Council for the Safeguard of
the Homeland (CNSP). “The President of the CNSP is the head of state,” an officer said, reading out a statement. General
Tchiani presented the coup as a response to “the degradation of the security situation” linked to jihadist bloodshed.
Meanwhile, Mr. Bazaoum has not made a statement since Thursday morning, when he vowed to protect “hard-won”
democratic gains in a post on social media. Western allies and international organisations have stood by Mr. Bazoum,
saying that they did not recognise the coup-plotters as the leaders of Niger.
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
121. What is the official language of Niger? International 123. What is the capital city of Niger? International -
- International relations, African Countries, International relations, African Countries, Medium
Medium (a) Accra (b) Bamako
(a) English (b) French (c) Niamey (d) Dakar
(c) Arabic (d) Swahili 7B
4B4A
5I7G2I4Gregion,
124. tr-Which characterized by political instability
122. Which river is the longest and most significant in and ethnic tensions, is home to countries such as
Niger? International - International relations, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and
African Countries, Medium Senegal? International - International relations,
(a) Nile River (b) Niger River African Countries, Difficult
(c) Zambezi River (d) Congo River (a) Horn of Africa (b) Sahel region
(c) Arabian Peninsula (d) Balkan Peninsula
38
125. In which desert does more than 80% of Niger's land (a) Kalahari Desert (b) Gobi Desert
area lie? International - International relations, (c) Sahara Desert (d) Atacama Desert
African Countries, Medium

121. (b) French. The official language of Niger is French. Mauritania, and Senegal, has experienced
French is widely used in government, education, political instability and ethnic tensions. This
and media in the country, as Niger was a former region is located in Africa, just south of the
French colony. Sahara Desert, and has faced various challenges
122. (b) Niger River. The Niger River is the longest and related to security and governance.
most significant river in Niger. It plays a vital 125. (c) Sahara Desert. More than 80% of Niger's land
role in the country's geography, economy, and area lies in the Sahara Desert. The Sahara is the
transportation. largest hot desert in the world, and it covers a
123. (c) Niamey. Niamey is the capital city of Niger. It is
the largest city in the country and serves as its
political, administrative, and cultural center. profound
c m
significant portion of North Africa, including
o
parts of Niger. This geographical feature has a
impact on Niger's climate,
.
124. (b) Sahel region. The Sahel region, encompassing environment, and way of life.
rs
countries like Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali,
Topci: WORLD WATER WEEK
k e
Passage: World Water Day is held annually as a means of focusing attention on the importance of freshwater and
advocating for the sustainable management of freshwater resources. "On this World Day, UNESCO would like to recall
n
the extent to which water, whose cycle is global, is permanently at odds with human boundaries. It is up to us to draw
the necessary conclusions and to see it as what it is: a vital and common good of humanity, which must therefore be
r a
considered on the scale of humanity." A new World Water Development Report is released each year on or near World
Water Day, to provide decision-makers with tools to formulate and implement sustainable water policies. This report
p
is coordinated by UNESCO’s World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) on behalf of UN-Water. The annual theme
for World Water Day is aligned with 4S4R7S
2Q4Othe focus of the report. UNESCO also contributes to the observance of the Day
o
tr-5M7T
through its Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme (IHP), which works all year long to build the scientific
T
knowledge base to help countries manage their water resources in a sustainable way.
World Water Day is an international observance day. The intention is to inspire people around the world to learn more
about water-related issues and to take action to make a difference. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was
an additional focus on hand washing and hygiene. Relevant issues include water scarcity, water pollution, inadequate
water supply, lack of sanitation, and the impacts of climate change (which is the theme of World Water Day 2020). The
day brings to light the inequality of access to WASH services and the need to assure the human right to water and
sanitation. The World Water Day website announces events, activities and volunteer opportunities. In 2020, featured
stories are about adapting to the water effects climate change and using water more efficiently
4S4R7S
Source: https://www.unesco.org/en/days/world-water tr-5M7T2Q4O
126. When is world water day celebrated? 129. World Water Day was first proposed in the year
(a) March 21 (b) March 22 ___________ during the United Nations Conference
(c) March 23 (d) March 24 on Environment and Development , in Rio De
Janerio. 4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
127. Which Sustainable Development Goal aims at water (a) 1991 (b) 1992
and sanitation for all by 2030? (c) 1993 (d) 1994
(a) SDG 5 (b) SDG 6
(c) SDG 7 (d) SDG 8 130. Choose the correct statement:
Statement 1: The global campaign, called Be the
128. What is the theme of World Water Day 2023? change, encourages people to take action in their
(a) Groundwater: making the invisible visible own lives to change the way they use, consume and
(b) Water for Life manage water.
(c) Accelerating Change Statement 2: The promises made by individuals on
(d) Life and Water for all the campaign website will contribute to the Water
Action Agenda - a main outcome of the UN 2023
39
Water Conference, which opens on World Water (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
Day. (c) Both A and B (d) None of above

126. (b) World Water Day is celebrated on 22nd March “accelerating professionalised water supply and
Every Year to highlight the importance of water. sanitation services through capacity building in
The Day aims to support the achievement of regulation for dramatic improvements in water,
Sustainable Development Goal 6: water and sanitation, and hygiene in health care facilities.”
sanitation for all by 2030. the idea for this 129. (b) World Water Day is celebrated on 22nd March
international day goes back to 1992, the year in Every Year to highlight the importance of water.
which the UN Conference on Environment and The Day aims to support the achievement of
Development in Rio de Janeiro took place. Sustainable Development Goal 6: water and
127. (b) World Water Day is celebrated on 22nd March sanitation for all by 2030. the idea for this
Every Year to highlight the importance of water.
The Day aims to support the achievement of
Sustainable Development Goal 6: water and
m
international day goes back to 1992, the year in
o
which the UN Conference on Environment and
c
Development in Rio de Janeiro took place.
.
sanitation for all by 2030. the idea for this 130. (c) The global campaign, called Be the change,
rs
international day goes back to 1992, the year in encourages people to take action in their own
which the UN Conference on Environment and lives to change the way they use, consume and
Development in Rio de Janeiro took place. manage water. The promises made by
128. (c) The theme for World Water Day changes every
year. World Water Day 2023 Theme : This year's
k e individuals on the campaign website will

contribute to the Water Action Agenda - a main
n
World Water Day theme is “accelerating outcome of the UN 2023 Water Conference,
change.” Through the Water Action Agenda, which opens on World Water Day.
WHO claimed that it is committing to
Topci: Russia’s Luna 25

tr-5M7T2Q4O
p
4S
r a 4R7S
o
Passage: Luna 25 was a failed Russian lunar lander mission by Roscosmos in August 2023 that planned to land near the
lunar south pole, in the vicinity of the crater Boguslawsky. Initially called the Luna-Glob lander , it was renamed Luna
T
25 to emphasize continuity with the Soviet Luna programme from the 1970s, though it was still part of what was at one
point conceptualized as the Luna-Glob lunar exploration programme. It was the first lunar lander that the Russian space
agency Roscosmos has sent to the Moon (notwithstanding the ones sent by the Soviet space program) and would have
been the first lander to land on the lunar south pole. The Luna 25 mission lifted off on 10 August 2023, 23:10 UTC, atop
a Soyuz-2.1b rocket from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia's far eastern Amur Region, and on 16 August entered
lunar orbit. On 19 August at 11:57 UTC, the lander crashed on the Moon's surface after a failed orbital manoeuvre. The
previous lunar lander in the series was a Soviet craft, Luna 24, launched in 1976. Nascent plans for what became Luna
25 began in the late 1990s, with the evaluation of two spacecraft designs having taken place by 1998. Attempts to revive
7S
and complete the project continued throughout the 2000s and were 7T2Q4O4S4R by an aborted attempt at international
tr-5Mpunctuated
cooperation via a merger with JAXA's now-cancelled Lunar-A orbiter, and pressure from another attempted cooperative
lunar mission with Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) (which continued without Russia's involvement). Initial
mission plans called for a lander and orbiter, with the latter also deploying impact penetrators. In its final form, Luna
25 was a lander only, with a primary mission of testing the landing technology. The mission carried 30 kg (66 lb) of
scientific instruments, including a robotic arm for soil samples and possible drilling hardware.
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
131. The primary landing site for Luna 25 is near the Statement 2: In contrast, Chandrayaan-3 is built for
____________ a single lunar day due to lack of heating during lunar
(a) lunar south pole (b) lunar north pole nights.
(c) lunar east pole (d) lunar west pole (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Both A and B (d) None of above
132. Choose the correct statement
Statement 1: Luna 25 is designed for a year-long 133. Choose the correct statement:
mission, equipped with heating mechanisms and a Statemnt 1: Luna 25 marks Russia's return to lunar
non-solar power source. exploration after 47 years, aiming to reclaim its
reputation in space exploration.
40
Statement 2: Luna 25 is lighter and lacks a rover, 134. What is the weight of Luna 25?
focusing on studying soil composition, dust (a) 1,750 kg (b) 3900 kg
particles, and detecting surface water. (c) 2250 kg (d) 3000kg
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Both A and B (d) None of above 135. Russian lander will carry_________ experiments
on-board .
(a) Two (b) Three
(c) Four (d) Five

131. (a) Russia's space agency, Roscosmos asserts that panel power for its payloads during the lunar
Luna 25's landing would not impact day (equal to 14 Earth days).
Chandrayaan-3, as their landing regions are 133. (c) Luna 25 marks Russia's return to lunar
distinct. Luna 25's lift-off mass of 1,750 kg is
significantly lighter than Chandrayaan-3's 3,900
kg, facilitating a quicker journey. una 25 is
m
exploration after 47 years, aiming to reclaim its
o
reputation in space exploration. Chandrayaan-3
c
is India's third lunar mission and second
.
designed for a year-long mission, equipped with attempt at achieving a soft landing on the
rs
heating mechanisms and a non-solar power moon's surface Payload Difference: Luna 25 is
source. In contrast, Chandrayaan-3 is built for a lighter and lacks a rover, focusing on studying
single lunar day due to lack of heating during soil composition, dust particles, and detecting
lunar nights. The Russian lander will carry four
experiments on-board (RAMBHA, ChaSTE,
k e surface water. Chandrayaan-3 carries a rover

capable of moving 500 meters, aims to study
n
ILSA, LASER Retroreflector Array (LRA)) . It is lunar soil, and has instruments to detect water-
targeted to the south polar region of the Moon. ice in shadowed craters near the lunar South
132. (c) Luna 25 marks Russia's return to lunar
exploration after 47 years, aiming to reclaim its
reputation in space exploration. Chandrayaan-3
is India's third lunartr-5M 7T2Q4O4S
mission
4R7S
and second
p r a Pole. Lifespan: Luna 25 is designed for a year-

long mission, equipped with heating
mechanisms and a non-solar power source. In
contrast, Chandrayaan-3 is built for a single
To
attempt at achieving a soft landing on the
moon's surface Payload Difference: Luna 25 is
lighter and lacks a rover, focusing on studying
soil composition, dust particles, and detecting
surface water. Chandrayaan-3 carries a rover
capable of moving 500 meters, aims to study
lunar day due to lack of heating during lunar
nights. Despite being launched almost a month
later than Chandrayaan-3, Luna 25 is set to reach
the moon earlier due to its more direct
trajectory. Payload and Fuel Storage: Luna 25's
lift-off mass of 1,750 kg is significantly lighter
lunar soil, and has instruments to detect water- than Chandrayaan-3's 3,900 kg, facilitating a
ice in shadowed craters near the lunar South quicker journey. Circuitous Route for
Pole. Lifespan: Luna 25 is designed for a year- Chandrayaan-3: Chandrayaan-3 took a longer
long mission, equipped with heating route to compensate for its lower fuel reserve,
tr-5M7T2Q 4O4S4R7S
mechanisms and a non-solar power source. In involving maneuvers to gain velocity and
contrast, Chandrayaan-3 is built for a single slingshotting towards the moon. This elongated
lunar day due to lack of heating during lunar its journey to the lunar orbit by 22 days. Lunar
nights. Despite being launched almost a month Dawn Timing: Luna 25 benefits from an earlier
later than Chandrayaan-3, Luna 25 is set to reach lunar dawn at its landing site, ensuring full solar
the moon earlier due to its more direct panel 4Apower
7B for its payloads during the lunar
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
trajectory. Payload and Fuel Storage: Luna 25's day (equal to 14 Earth days).
lift-off mass of 1,750 kg is significantly lighter 134. (a) The landers have a similar mass, with Luna-25
than Chandrayaan-3's 3,900 kg, facilitating a weighing around 3,860 lbs (1,750 kg) at liftoff,
quicker journey. Circuitous Route for with just over half of which is expected to be
Chandrayaan-3: Chandrayaan-3 took a longer propellant
route to compensate for its lower fuel reserve, 135. (c) Russia's space agency, Roscosmos asserts that
involving maneuvers to gain velocity and Luna 25's landing would not impact
slingshotting towards the moon. This elongated Chandrayaan-3, as their landing regions are
its journey to the lunar orbit by 22 days. Lunar distinct. Luna 25's lift-off mass of 1,750 kg is
Dawn Timing: Luna 25 benefits from an earlier significantly lighter than Chandrayaan-3's 3,900
lunar dawn at its landing site, ensuring full solar kg, facilitating a quicker journey. una 25 is
41
designed for a year-long mission, equipped with lunar nights. The Russian lander will carry four
heating mechanisms and a non-solar power experiments on-board (RAMBHA, ChaSTE,
source. In contrast, Chandrayaan-3 is built for a ILSA, LASER Retroreflector Array (LRA)) . It is
single lunar day due to lack of heating during targeted to the south polar region of the Moon.
Topic: India Smart Cities Award Contest 2022

Passage:Smart Cities Mission launched on 25 June 2015, is aimed at providing core infrastructure, clean and sustainable
environment and a decent quality of life to their citizens through the application of ‘smart solutions’.It is a
transformational mission aimed to bring about a paradigm shift in the practice of urban development in the country.
Of the total proposed projects under SCM, 6,041(76%) projects worth ₹1,10,635 crore have been completed and the
remaining 1,894 projects worth ₹60,095 crore will be completed by 30 June 2024. Most notable milestone achieved in
the Mission has been, the Integrated Command and Control Centers (ICCC) which is operational in all 100 Smart Cities.
These ICCCs work as the brain and nervous system for city operations, using technology for urban management. The
urban services have significantly improved in diverse fields like crime tracking, safety & security of citizens, transport
management, solid waste management, water supply, disaster management etc. 100 Smart Cities have taken up projects
o
across diverse sectors related to mobility, energy, water, sanitation, solid waste management, vibrant public spaces,
m
social infrastructure, smart governance, etc. For instance, in smart mobility, 1,174 projects have been completed worth
c
.
₹ 24,047 crore and another 434projects are ongoing worth ₹ 15,940 crore. In smart energy, 573 projects have been
completed and 94 are ongoing. In Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), more than 1,162 projects have been
rs
completed worth ₹ 34,751 crore and another 333projects worth ₹ 18,716 crore are ongoing. 100 Smart cities have already
developed more than 1,063 public spaces worth ₹ 6,403 crore and another 260 projects worth ₹ 5,470 crore are ongoing.
k e
Further, 180 Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects worth ₹ 8,228 crore have been completed and another 27 are
ongoing. 652 projects have been completed related to economic infrastructure such as market redevelopment and start-
up incubation centers and another 267 projects are ongoing. In social infrastructuresector (health, education, housing
136. Which place emerged as top performer in India
r an
etc.), 679 projects have been completed and 153 are ongoing.
139. The fourth edition of the ISAC was launched in April
p
Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022? 2022 during the ‘Smart Cities-Smart Urbanization’
(a) Indore (b)tr-Chandigarh 4R7S event in___________
5M7T2Q4O4S
137.
(c) Mumbai(d)
T
initiatives within its borders.
(a) Tamil Nadu
(c) Madhya Pradesh
o
Delhi
________________ received the state award for its
comprehensive approach to fostering smart city
(b) Rajasthan
(d) Karnataka 140.
(a) Vadodara , gujrat
(b) Surat, Gujarat
(c) Ahmedabad, Gujrat
(d) Bhavnagar, Gujrat
Choose the correct statement:

Statement 1: Smart Cities Mission is a Centrally
138. Choose the correct statement Sponsored Scheme, launched in June 2015 to
Statement 1: The ISAC has witnessed three editions transform 100 cities to provide the necessary core
in 2018, 2019 and 2020. infrastructure and clean and sustainable
7S
Statement 2: The ISAC recognizes and rewards the tr-5M 7T2Q4O4S4R to enable a decent quality of life to
environment
cities, projects and innovative ideas that are their citizens through the application of "Smart
promoting sustainable development across the 100 Solutions".
smart cities, as well as stimulating inclusive, Statement 2: The mission aims to meet the
equitable, safe, healthy and collaborative cities, thus aspirations of India’s population living in cities
enhancing quality of life for all. through various urban development projects.
2I4G4B4A7B
5I7GOnly
tr-(a)
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Both A and B (d) None of above (c) Both A and B (d) None of above

136. (a) Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Madhya Pradesh, and Chandigarh emerged as
Affairs (MoHUA) has announced the India top performers in the ISAC 2022 awards,
Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022 under securing recognition for their excellence in
the Smart Cities Mission (SCM), that felicitated different areas of urban development. Indore
66 winners in various categories. Indore, secured the prestigious national smart city
42
award, reflecting its exceptional progress in award, reflecting its exceptional progress in
urban development strategies, followed by Surat urban development strategies, followed by Surat
and Agra.Madhya Pradesh received the state and Agra.Madhya Pradesh received the state
award for its comprehensive approach to award for its comprehensive approach to
fostering smart city initiatives within its fostering smart city initiatives within its
borders.Chandigarh was honored with the UT borders.Chandigarh was honored with the UT
award, acknowledging its efforts to transform award, acknowledging its efforts to transform
itself into a model smart city.The ISAC itself into a model smart city.The ISAC
recognizes and rewards the cities, projects and recognizes and rewards the cities, projects and
innovative ideas that are promoting sustainable innovative ideas that are promoting sustainable
development across the 100 smart cities, as well development across the 100 smart cities, as well
as stimulating inclusive, equitable, safe, healthy as stimulating inclusive, equitable, safe, healthy
and collaborative cities, thus enhancing quality and collaborative cities, thus enhancing quality
of life for all. The ISAC has witnessed three of life for all. The ISAC has witnessed three
editions in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The fourth
edition of the ISAC was launched in April 2022
during the ‘Smart Cities-Smart Urbanization’
m
editions in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The fourth
o
edition of the ISAC was launched in April 2022
during the ‘Smart Cities-Smart Urbanization’
c
.
event in Surat, Gujarat. event in Surat, Gujarat.
137. (c) Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban 139. (b) Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban
rs
Affairs (MoHUA) has announced the India Affairs (MoHUA) has announced the India
Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022 under Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022 under
the Smart Cities Mission (SCM), that felicitated
66 winners in various categories. Indore,
Madhya Pradesh, and Chandigarh emerged as
k e the Smart Cities Mission (SCM), that felicitated

66 winners in various categories. Indore,
Madhya Pradesh, and Chandigarh emerged as
top performers in the ISAC 2022 awards,
securing recognition for their excellence in
different areas of urban development. Indore
r an top performers in the ISAC 2022 awards,

securing recognition for their excellence in
different areas of urban development. Indore
p
secured the prestigious national smart city secured the prestigious national smart city
award, reflecting its exceptional 4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O progress in award, reflecting its exceptional progress in
To
urban development strategies, followed by Surat
and Agra.Madhya Pradesh received the state
award for its comprehensive approach to
fostering smart city initiatives within its
borders.Chandigarh was honored with the UT
award, acknowledging its efforts to transform
urban development strategies, followed by Surat
and Agra.Madhya Pradesh received the state
award for its comprehensive approach to
fostering smart city initiatives within its
borders.Chandigarh was honored with the UT
award, acknowledging its efforts to transform
itself into a model smart city.The ISAC itself into a model smart city.The ISAC
recognizes and rewards the cities, projects and recognizes and rewards the cities, projects and
innovative ideas that are promoting sustainable innovative ideas that are promoting sustainable
development across the 100 smart cities, as well development across the 100 smart cities, as well
4S4R7S
as stimulating inclusive, equitable, safe, healthy tr-5M7T2Q as4O
stimulating inclusive, equitable, safe, healthy
and collaborative cities, thus enhancing quality and collaborative cities, thus enhancing quality
of life for all. The ISAC has witnessed three of life for all. The ISAC has witnessed three
editions in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The fourth editions in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The fourth
edition of the ISAC was launched in April 2022 edition of the ISAC was launched in April 2022
during the ‘Smart Cities-Smart Urbanization’ during the ‘Smart Cities-Smart Urbanization’
2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I7Gevent
event in Surat, Gujarat. in Surat, Gujarat.
138. (c) Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban 140. (c) Smart Cities Mission It is a Centrally Sponsored
Affairs (MoHUA) has announced the India Scheme, launched in June 2015 to transform 100
Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022 under cities to provide the necessary core
the Smart Cities Mission (SCM), that felicitated infrastructure and clean and sustainable
66 winners in various categories. Indore, environment to enable a decent quality of life to
Madhya Pradesh, and Chandigarh emerged as their citizens through the application of "Smart
top performers in the ISAC 2022 awards, Solutions". The mission aims to meet the
securing recognition for their excellence in aspirations of India’s population living in cities
different areas of urban development. Indore through various urban development projects.
secured the prestigious national smart city
43
Topic: INS Sahyadri and INS Kolkata in MALABAR 2023
Passage: The recent edition of Exercise MALABAR, concluded on the East Coast of Australia off Sydney on 21 Aug 23.
The exercise saw participation of Ships, Submarines and aircraft from the Indian Navy (IN), Royal Australian Navy
(RAN), Japan Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) and the US Navy (USN). Exercise MALABAR 23 was conducted in
two phases, which included a harbour phase from 11-15 August 2023 and a sea phase from 16-21 August 2023. The Indian
Navy was represented by indigenously built Destroyer INS Kolkata, Frigate INS Sahyadri and P8I Maritime Patrol
Aircraft. Other participating units included RAN ships HMAS Choules and HMAS Brisbane, USS Raphael Peralta, JS
Shiranui, along with submarines, fighter aircraft, maritime patrol aircraft and shipborne helicopters. While the ships
sailed out for the sea phase from Sydney harbour, the Air assets operated from RAAF Amberley Brisbane, where the P-
8I Dets involving IN, RAAF and US P-8 crew were stationed. The sea phase of Ex Malabar witnessed complex and high
intensity exercises in air, surface and undersea domains, weapon firings and cross deck helicopter operations. The joint
exercises at sea honed the war-fighting skills and enhanced interoperability between the four navies to undertake
advanced maritime operations. The seamless integration of air assets also showcased the exceptional coordination and
interoperability between the Indian, Australian and US maritime patrol aircraft units. The exercise not only reaffirmed
m
the ability of the four navies to operate together as an integrated force but also highlighted their shared commitment
o
to maritime security and regional stability through collaborative training and mutual understanding. At the culmination
of five days of multifarious exercises, Exercise MALABAR vividly showcased the strong cooperation, shared values and
c
.
the collective ability of the four participating nations to ensure a free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific promoting peace
and security for all.
141. Which edition of Malabar Exercise is conducted in

2023 ?
(a) 25th
(c) 27th
(b) 26th
(d) 28th
k e
144.
rs
The first Malabar Exercise in the Bay of Bengal took
place in ____________
(a) 2006 (b) 2007
142. Who is commanding INS Sahyadri currently?

(a) Capt Rajan Kapoor
r an 145.
(c) 2008 (d) 2009
Choose the correct statement:
p
(b) Capt Sharad Sinsunwal Statement 1: INS Kolkata is the lead ship of the
(c) Capt.Pankaj Shrivastva tr-5M7T2Q4O4S4R7S Kolkata-class stealth guided-missile destroyers of
143.
(d) Capt Nimint Gera
Choose the correct answer:
To
Statement 1: Malabar Exercise is a trilateral naval
exercise. But due to the participation of Australia in
2020 & 2021, it has become a quadrilateral exercise.
the Indian Navy. Named after the Indian city of
Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), she was constructed at
Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) and was handed over
to the navy on 10 July 2014 after completing her sea
trials.
Statement 2: The ship was officially commissioned
Statement 2: It takes place annually in the Indian by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in a ceremony
Ocean and Pacific Oceans alternatively. held on 16 August 2014
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Both A and B (d) None of above (c) Both A and B (d) None of above
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O

141. (c) The 27th edition of Exercise MALABAR, 143. (c) Malabar Exercise: It is a trilateral naval exercise.
concluded on the East Coast of Australia off But due to the participation of Australia in 2020
Sydney on 21 Aug 23. The exercise saw & 2021,4Ait7Bhas become a quadrilateral exercise. It
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
participation of Ships, Submarines and aircraft takes place annually in the Indian Ocean and
from the Indian Navy (IN), Royal Australian Pacific Oceans alternatively. The first Malabar
Navy (RAN), Japan Maritime Self Defence Force Exercise in the Bay of Bengal took place in 2007.
(JMSDF) and the US Navy (USN). Singapore and Australia have been non-
142. (a) INS Sahyadri is the third ship of the permanent members previously. This exercise
indigenously designed and built Project-17 class includes a diverse range of activities such as
multirole stealth frigates and is commanded by fighter combat operations and maritime
Capt Rajan Kapoor. INS Kolkata is the first ship interdiction operations. The aim of the Malabar
of the indigenously designed and built Project- Exercise of India, US, Japan and Australia is to
15A class destroyers and is commanded by Capt coordinate for free, open, and inclusive Indo-
Sharad Sinsunwal. Pacific.
44
144. (b) Malabar Exercise: It is a trilateral naval exercise. coordinate for free, open, and inclusive Indo-
But due to the participation of Australia in 2020 Pacific.
& 2021, it has become a quadrilateral exercise. It 145. (c) INS Kolkata is the lead ship of the Kolkata-class
takes place annually in the Indian Ocean and stealth guided-missile destroyers of the Indian
Pacific Oceans alternatively. The first Malabar Navy. Named after the Indian city of Kolkata
Exercise in the Bay of Bengal took place in 2007. (formerly Calcutta), she was constructed at
Singapore and Australia have been non- Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) and was handed
permanent members previously. This exercise over to the navy on 10 July 2014 after completing
includes a diverse range of activities such as her sea trials. The ship was officially
fighter combat operations and maritime commissioned by Prime Minister Narendra
interdiction operations. The aim of the Malabar Modi in a ceremony held on 16 August 2014.
Exercise of India, US, Japan and Australia is to
Topci: India Sets emission threshold on Green Hydrogen Standard

Passage:In a significant move for the progress of the National Green Hydrogen Mission, the government has notified
the Green Hydrogen Standard for India. The standard issued by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE),
o
Government of India outlines the emission thresholds that must be met in order for hydrogen produced to be classified
c m
.
as ‘Green’, i.e., from renewable sources. The scope of the definition encompasses both electrolysis-based and biomass-
based hydrogen production methods. After discussions with multiple stakeholders, the Ministry of New & Renewable
rs
Energy has decided to define Green Hydrogen as having a well-to-gate emission (i.e., including water treatment,
electrolysis, gas purification, drying and compression of hydrogen) of not more than 2 kg CO2 equivalent / kg H2. The
k e
notification specifies that a detailed methodology for measurement, reporting, monitoring, on-site verification, and
certification of green hydrogen and its derivatives shall be specified by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy. The
notification also specifies that the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), Ministry of Power shall be the Nodal Authority
n
for accreditation of agencies for the monitoring, verification and certification for Green Hydrogen production projects.
a
The notification of the Green Hydrogen Standard brings a lot of clarity to the Green Hydrogen community in India and
r
was widely awaited. With this notification, India becomes one of the first few countries in the world to announce a
p
definition of Green Hydrogen.
4S 4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
146. Choose the correct statement :
To
Statement 1: Green Hydrogen” shall mean Hydrogen
produced using renewable energy, including, but
not limited to, production through electrolysis or
conversion of biomass.
____________________ green hydrogen annually by
2030.
(a) 5 million metric tonnes
(b) 10 million metric tonnes
(c) 15 million metric tonnes
Statement 2: Renewable energy also includes such (d) 20 million metric tonnes
electricity generated from renewable sources which
is stored in an energy storage system or banked with 149. Choose the correct statement
the grid in accordance with applicable regulations. Statement 1: National Green Hydrogen Mission
7T2Q4O4S 4R7S
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 tr-5M mission aligns with a target of about 125 gigawatts of
(c) Both A and B (d) None of above associated renewable energy capacity.
Statement 2: The program offers financial incentives
147. Who is the Union Cabinet Minister for Power, New to promote domestic production of electrolysers and
& Renewable Energy? green hydrogen.
(a) Sh. Puran Sehgal (a) Only 1 7B (b) Only 2
2I4G4B4A
5I7GBoth
tr-(c)
(b) Sh. Raj Kumar Singh A and B (d) None of above
(c) Sh. Dharmendra Pradhan
(d) Sh. Amrinder Shekhawat 150. Green hydrogen is expected to play a significant role
in decarbonizing which industry?
148. India launched the National Green Hydrogen (a) Fertilizer plants (b) Oil refineries
Mission with the objective of producing (c) Steel plants (d) All of the above

146. (c) The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Hydrogen Standard, which establishes emission
(MNRE) recently defined a clear Green thresholds for hydrogen production categorized
45
as 'green'. This significant development capacity. The program offers financial
positions India at the forefront of global efforts incentives to promote domestic production of
towards sustainable energy solutions. “Green electrolysers and green hydrogen. These
Hydrogen” shall mean Hydrogen produced incentives are designed to facilitate rapid scale-
using renewable energy, including, but not up, technology development, and cost
limited to, production through electrolysis or reduction.
conversion of biomass. Renewable energy also 149. (c) National Green Hydrogen Mission: India
includes such electricity generated from launched the National Green Hydrogen Mission
renewable sources which is stored in an energy with the objective of producing 5 million metric
storage system or banked with the grid in tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030. The
accordance with applicable regulations. mission aligns with a target of about 125
147. (b) The Ministry of Power is an Indian government gigawatts of associated renewable energy
ministry. The current Union Cabinet Minister is capacity. The program offers financial
Raj Kumar Singh. The ministry is charged with incentives to promote domestic production of
overseeing
infrastructure
electricity production
development,
and
including
generation, transmission, and delivery, as well
m
electrolysers and green hydrogen. These
o
incentives are designed to facilitate rapid scale-
up, technology development, and cost
c
.
as maintenance projects. The ministry acts as a reduction.
liaison between the central government and 150. (d) Green hydrogen in particular is one of the
rs
state electricity operations, as well as with the cleanest sources of energy with close to zero
private sector. The ministry also oversees rural emission. It can be used in fuel cells for cars or
148.
electrification projects.
(a) National Green Hydrogen Mission: India
launched the National Green Hydrogen Mission
k e in energy-guzzling industries like fertilizers and

steel manufacturing. Green Hydrogen can aid
the desulfurisation of crude oil, without the
with the objective of producing 5 million metric
tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030. The
mission aligns with a target of about 125
r an output of CO2 into the atmosphere hence it can

provide a clean, on-site green hydrogen supply
which will decarbonise the refining process and
p
gigawatts of associated renewable energy reduce emissions.
4S 4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
To
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
46
IMPORTANT ONE LINERS FOR OLETs
NATIONAL
CM Command Centre’ launched in Uttar Pradesh for evaluating governance
 Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath inaugurated the ‘Chief Minister’s Command Centre’, and also the
‘CM Dashboard’, describing them as effective steps taken to provide timely solutions for the problems of the
common people, and ensuring better implementation of government schemes.
 With the help of the Command Centre and Dashboard, the performance of officials working in the police service,
municipal corporations, and development authorities, and the implementation of various government schemes,
will be evaluated through monthly rankings and grades.
 In line with CM Yogi’s visionary approach focusing on the welfare of 24 crore people of U.P., the performance of
m
officials of the police administration, municipal corporations, development authorities, universities, and various
government schemes will be evaluated through monthly rankings and grading. With the assistance of the CM
Dashboard, real-time monitoring will be carried out.
Om Birla inaugurates new building of Assam Legislative Assembly
 Lok Sabha Speaker, Om Birla inaugurated new building of Assam Legislative Assemble on 30th July in Guhawati in
.c o
rs
the presence of Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma.
 At the inauguration of the new building of Assam Legislative Assembly, Chief Minister expressed his gratitude to
k e
the Speaker of Lok Sabha that he is glittering personality in the democracy of India. He has a source of inspiration
for all the parliamentarians of Assam to raise various questions on people’s welfare in the Parliament.
 The new building of Assam Legislative Assembly is equipped with the facilities of e-Vidhan, audio-visual and
n
information technology. It has office chambers for Speaker, Deputy Speaker, Chief Minister and other ministers,
a
MLAs, conference hall, meeting halls etc. The new building will be a symbol of a developed and confident Assam.
r
The new building constructed using the classical and ethnic arts, epitomises the confluence of modern and
p
traditional design. The different rooms of the building are designed using the rich and diverse art forms of Assam.
4S 4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
o
India to host World Coffee Conference in Bengaluru
 India is set to host the 5th World Coffee Conference (WCC) in Bengaluru from September 25 to 28, where it will
T
present its diverse coffees to buyers from over 80 countries. This is the first time that the event will be held in Asia.
The conference aims to create pathways for innovative opportunities and markets, with a special emphasis on
benefiting coffee farmers who play a crucial role in the coffee production chain.
 The central theme of the event will be “Sustainability through Circular Economy and Regenerative Agriculture” The
event will encompass various activities, including conferences, exhibitions, skill-building workshops, a CEOs &
global leaders forum, and a growers conclave. Participants from over 80 countries are anticipated to take part in
WCC 2023.
 The International Coffee Organization (ICO) organizes World Coffee Conference to discuss on crucial matters
4S4R7S
2Q4Oover
tr-5M7Tand
concerning the global coffee industry. With 77 Member Countries 900 attendees, including coffee growers
and government representatives, the conference serves as a platform for a diverse range of discussions.
President Droupadi Murmu inaugurates International Literature Festival & Festival of Folk & Tribal
Performing Arts in Madhya Pradesh
President Draupadi Murmu inaugurated the national festival of India's folk and tribal expressions "Utkarsh" and the
tr- 5I 7G2I4G4B4A7B
international literature festival "Unmesh" in Bhopal today 3 August. Culture Department of Madhya Pradesh along with
Sangeet Natak Akademi and Sahitya Akademi of the Union Ministry of Culture is organizing this event from 3rd to 5th
August. Governor Mangubhai Patel and Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan were present at the inaugural ceremony.
On this occasion, the President said that literature shows the mirror to humanity and takes it forward. It connects as
well as connecting. He said that it is to be seen from the Amrit Kaal Mein Unmesh program that what is being created
in literature today, which is being read by a large number of people. The President said that Utkarsh means progress
and the progress of the tribal group will lead to the progress of the country. It is the responsibility of all of us to preserve
the tribal tradition, language and culture.
Bhopal 7676564400 | Indore 9109108422 | Jabalpur 9109108423 | Jodhpur 9109108419 | Raipur 9109108417 | Bilaspur 9109108416 | Ranchi 9109108418
Delhi 9891906520 | Gurugram 09717289708 | Kanpur 8576066660 | Prayagraj 6306330553 | w 6390573333
47
Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma launches ‘Amrit Brikshya Andolan’ app
The Assam government has taken a significant step towards enhancing its forest cover and combating climate change
by announcing a massive initiative called ‘Amrit Brikshya Andolan‘. This ambitious project aims to plant 1 crore saplings
in a single day in September, marking a crucial milestone in the state’s efforts to boost its green economy and contribute
to the fight against global warming.
The primary objective of this large-scale initiative is to significantly increase Assam’s forest cover and encourage
collective action in the face of climate change.
While the immediate target of ‘Amrit Brikshya Andolan’ is to plant 1 crore saplings in a single day, the state government
has set its sights on even more ambitious goals. By the year 2025, Assam aims to plant a staggering 5 crore saplings,
further fortifying its commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable growth.
President lays foundation stone of 'Divine Light House' in Odisha
President Draupadi Murmu laid the foundation stone of 'Divine Light House' at Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya
Vishwa Vidyalaya at Dasabatia, Tamando near the Odisha capital.
The occasion marked the launch of the theme for the year "Year of Positive Change", reflecting the emphasis on driving
positive change
o
Recognizing the role of technology as a catalyst of change, President Murmu stressed the importance of both material
and spiritual development for the betterment of humanity.
c m
.
Acknowledging the important role of Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya Vishwavidyalaya in promoting spirituality
through meditation and disciplined lifestyle, leading to inner peace.
rs
The Divine Light House project and focus on positive change exemplify the commitment to promote holistic
development and well-being within society.
and spiritual movement led by women.
k e
Prajapita Brahmakumaris Ishwariya Vishwavidyalaya stands out not only as an organisation but also as a powerful social
New Delhi
r n
Festival of Libraries 2023" to be Inagurated by the President of India Smt. Droupadi Murmu at Pragati Maidan,
a
 The Ministry of Culture is organizing a unique “Festival of Libraries 2023”, held on the 5th - 6th August 2023 at Hall
p
No. 5 Pragati Maidan, New Delhi. President of India Smt. Droupadi Murmu will inaugurate the Two-day festival.
Vice President of India, tr-Sh. 2Q4O4S4R
Jagdeep 7S
Dhankhar will grace the Valedictory Ceremony of the event. The festival will
o
5M7T
also highlight iconic libraries from across the world in order to initiate a conversation on the modernization and
T
digitization of libraries in India.
 This festival is a part of the second phase of the 'Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav' and is in line with the Prime Minister's
vision to foster the development and digitization of libraries and cultivate a culture of reading in India. It aims to
facilitate the formulation of action-oriented policies for the development of Model Libraries in India, right down to
the village and community levels.
Steel Minister unveils new logo of NMDC
 In a special event in New Delhi, Jyotiraditya Scidia, the Union Minister of Steel and Civil Aviation, revealed the new
logo of NMDC. The launch of new logo is a big step for NMDC, showing its commitment to responsible mining and
global standards.
tr-5M7T 2Q4O4S4R7S
 he new logo represents past achievements, present commitment and future aspirations of NMDC. It represents the
scale and strength of the company’s future, driven by innovation and sustainability.
 The new logo unveiled by Union Minister of Steel and Civil Aviation, signifies the company’s future scale and
strength after achieving a record production of 40 million tonnes for two consecutive fiscals. The new logo signifies
the NMDC’s journey of transformation and advancement.
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
Ministry implemented ‘Naya Savera’ or ‘Free Coaching and Allied’ scheme
 The Ministry implemented ‘Naya Savera’ scheme also known as ‘Free Coaching and Allied’ scheme to assist
students/candidates belonging to the six minority communities namely Sikh, Jain, Muslim, Christian, Buddhist and
Parsi by way of special coaching for qualifying examinations.
 The primary objectives of the scheme are to provide specialized coaching to students from the notified minority
communities in the following areas:
 Preparing for qualifying examinations for admission into technical/professional courses like engineering, medical,
law, management, information technology, etc., and language/aptitude examinations required for seeking
admission to foreign universities.
w 6390573333
48
 Assisting with competitive examinations for recruitment to Group ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ services, as well as other equivalent
positions under the Central and State governments, including public sector undertakings, banks, insurance
companies, and autonomous bodies.
NHAI launches a mobile application called 'Rajmargyatra'

 The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) launched a citizen-centric integrated mobile application named
'Rajmargyatra' to enhance the highway user experience. The 'Rajmargyatra' app is available for download on Google
Play Store and iOS App Store and currently supports Hindi and English languages.
 'Rajmargyatra' provides comprehensive information on Indian National Highways, including real-time weather
conditions, broadcast notifications, nearest toll plazas, petrol pumps, hospitals, hotels and other essential services
for safe and seamless travel. The app has an efficient complaint redressal system, which allows users to report
highway-related issues with geo-tagged videos or photos. The complaints are dealt with in a time bound manner,
any delay is reported to the higher authorities. Users can track the status of their complaints for transparency.
 'Rajmargyatra' integrates FASTag services with various bank portals, enabling users to recharge FASTags, avail
monthly passes and access other related banking services within the app. The app also provides over-speed
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notification and voice assistance to promote responsible and safe driving behaviour. ' It aims to create a user-
friendly experience for highway commuters, thereby ensuring a safer and more enjoyable journey on Indian
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National Highways.
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Shri Sarbananda Sonowal Launches Port Health Organisation (PHO) under Sagar Setu
 The Union Minister of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) and Ayush, Shri Sarbananda Sonowal, introduced
the Port Health Organisation (PHO) module as part of the Sagar Setu – National Logistics Portal (Marine). The goal
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is to create a quicker and simpler system that promotes Ease of Doing Business (EODB) in the maritime sector.
 The PHO module will be responsible for monitoring diseases, conducting health inspections, and implementing
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quarantine measures to ensure the safety of citizens and port workers. This digital initiative was launched in the
presence of Shri T K Ramachandra, Secretary, Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways, and other senior officials
of the ministry.
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 This new system aims to streamline health-related processes and enhance efficiency in the maritime industry,
ultimately benefiting businesses and improving the overall logistics ecosystem.
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Prime Minister launches Amrit Bharat Station Scheme in 13 railway stations
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 Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS) via video link to initiate the
rejuvenation of 13 railway stations across the country.
 The Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS) aims to transform and revitalize 1,309 railway stations across the nation,
enhancing the overall passenger experience and making them world-class travel hubs.
 As part of this initiative, work on 508 stations in various States commenced, with an investment of ₹25,000 crore.
In the State, 13 railway stations will receive a modern makeover with an investment of ₹303 crore.
A special art exhibition titled "Together We Art" begins at Bihar Museum, Patna
 On 7 August 2023, a special art exhibition dedicated to the G-20 member countries in Bihar titled "Together We
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Art" will open at the Bihar Museum in Patna.
 The exhibition will run for two months starting today and will end on 7th October 2023. Chief Minister Nitish
Kumar will inaugurated the exhibition.
 The event is organised by the Union Ministry of Art and Culture as part of India's chairmanship of G-20 countries.
A total of 29 countries including India are participating in the exhibition, To mark the foundation day, the Bihar
Museum Biennial 2023 will also begin, which will run for five tr-
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Bihar constitutes 'Rhino Task Force' to revive rhino conservation in Valmiki Tiger Reserve
 The Bihar government set up a 'Rhino Task Force' to propose measures to restart the rhino conservation plan in
'Valmiki Tiger Reserve' (VTR) located in West Champaran district.
 The VTR has seen a significant increase in the tiger population, prompting state wildlife officials to focus on reviving
the rhino population in the region.
 At present, VTR has only one rhino, while Patna Zoo has 14 rhinos. With the formation of a 'rhino task force',
officials aim to bring more rhinos back into the reserve.
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 Valmiki Tiger Reserve has been selected as a potential site under the National Rhino Conservation Plan. This
national level scheme allows rhinos to be introduced into Valmiki Tiger Reserve from other reserves across the
country to boost their conservation.
Number of elephants in Karnataka has gone up by 346

 According to a report on Asian Elephant population and demography 2023, the state of Karnataka has witnessed a
remarkable increase in elephant population.
 The number of elephants in Karnataka has surged from an estimated 6,049 in 2017 to an impressive 6,395, making
it the highest elephant-populated region in the country.
Anantnag’s Mushqbudji rice, Rajouri Chikri woodcraft receive GI Tag

 In a significant recognition of local craftsmanship and agricultural heritage, the Geographical Indication (GI) Tags
have been bestowed upon Rajouri Chikri Wood Craft from Rajouri district and the prized Mushqbudji Rice variety
from Anantnag district.
regions. This achievement is a result of a collaborative effort involving NABARD, the Department of Handicrafts &
Handloom, and the Department of Agriculture, commencing in December 2020.
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 These labels signify the unique nature and exceptional qualities of these products, tracing their origins to specific
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ISB inks MoU with Goa government for knowledge partnership
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 The Bharti Institute of Public Policy, a renowned think tank under the Indian School of Business (ISB), and the
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Government of Goa have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish a knowledge
partnership.
governance in the state of Goa.
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 This strategic alliance is geared towards advancing evidence-based policy formulation and fostering impactful
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 Under the terms of the MoU, the Bharti Institute of Public Policy will join forces with the Goa Institute of Public
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Administration and Rural Development to conduct specialized workshops. These workshops are aimed at
backed policies effectively. 7S

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enhancing the capabilities of state officials, empowering them with the tools to create and implement evidence-
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Meghalaya Launches Rs 500 Crore Chief Minister’s Solar Mission To Bridge Power Deficit
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 In a significant step towards harnessing renewable energy and reducing power deficits, Meghalaya Chief Minister
Conrad K Sangma launched the Chief Minister’s Solar Mission, a pioneering initiative aimed at ushering in a new
era of green progress for the north eastern hill state.
 The mission, backed by an investment of Rs 500 crore from the government over the next five years, is set to
transform the state’s energy landscape and contribute to its sustainable development.
 The state government has allocated an annual investment of Rs 100 crore to kickstart the solar mission. Additionally,
plans are underway to attract diverse funding partners, including contributions from corporate social responsibility,
carbon credits, and international organizations sharing the vision of sustainable energy.
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India Aims to Increase Natural Gas Share to 15% by 2030
 India is embarking on a bold journey to significantly enhance its current 6% share of natural gas within its energy
mix to a robust 15% by the year 2030. This audacious endeavor is being spearheaded by Rameswar Teli, the Minister
of State in the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas. The government is resolutely pursuing an array of far-reaching
strategies to realize this vision, as elaborated by the minister in a written response to the Lok Sabha.
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1. Expansion of National Gas Grid Pipeline: A pivotal step involves the expansion of the National Gas Grid Pipeline,
creating an extensive network for efficient distribution of natural gas across the nation.
2. City Gas Distribution (CGD) Network Enhancement: The expansion of the City Gas Distribution network is another
cornerstone of the strategy. This initiative ensures that urban and suburban areas have accessible and reliable
sources of natural gas.
3. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Terminals Establishment: Setting up LNG Terminals is a crucial aspect, facilitating the
import and storage of liquefied natural gas to meet the growing demand.
4. Domestic Gas Allocation for CNG and PNG: The government is dedicated to ensuring a steady supply of domestic
gas for Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in the transportation sector and Piped Natural Gas (PNG) for domestic
usage. This allocation is classified as “no cut,” ensuring stability.
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5. Market and Pricing Freedom for Specific Gas Sources: The government’s forward-looking stance includes granting
marketing and pricing freedom to gas extracted from high-pressure/high-temperature areas, deep water, ultra-deep
water, and coal seams. This promotes exploration and utilization of diverse gas sources.
6. Promotion of Bio-CNG through SATAT: The Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT)
initiative takes center stage in promoting Bio-CNG, a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for transportation
fuel.
Govt moves to overhaul British-era criminal laws

 Union Home Minister Amit Shah introduced three new bills in Lok Sabha to reform the criminal justice system in
India. Among these bills is the Bharatiya Sakshya Bill, which aims to replace the outdated Indian Evidence Act of
1872. This move is in response to the need for legal reforms that align with technological advancements and societal
changes.
 The Bharatiya Sakshya Bill, 2023, seeks to consolidate and establish general rules and principles of evidence to
ensure a fair trial in criminal cases. The current Indian Evidence Act is outdated and lacks provisions that cater to
the modern landscape. The new bill aims to rectify this by modernizing the laws surrounding evidence and aligning
them with the current needs and aspirations of the populace.
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 In addition to the Bharatiya Sakshya Bill, two other bills have been introduced: the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023,
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which will replace the Indian Penal Code (IPC), and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, which will
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replace the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC). These bills collectively aim to revamp the legal framework pertaining
to criminal justice.
Skill ministry launches DBT in NAPS to strengthen apprenticeship ecosystem
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 Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, Union Minister for Education and Skill Development & Entrepreneurship, inaugurated
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the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) to strengthen
apprenticeship training and encouraging the involvement of both industries and young individuals.
official commencement of DBT in NAPS.
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 During the launch event, an approximate sum of Rs. 15 crores was disbursed to one lakh apprentices, signifying the
 Since its inception in 2016 until July 31, 2023, the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme has engaged a total
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of 25 lakh youths as apprentices. The scheme has witnessed remarkable progress, with around 2.6 lakh apprentices
successfully completing their training in the fiscal year 2023-24.
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 A notable achievement attributed to the Government of India’s proactive efforts is the exponential growth in the
number of active establishments participating in apprenticeship training. The count has surged from 6,755 in 2018-
19 to an impressive 40,655 in 2023-24.
Railway Ministry to establish Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendras at railway stations across India
 The Railways Ministry is embarking on a significant endeavor aimed at establishing Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya
Janaushadhi Kendras (PMBJKs) at railway stations throughout the country. This initiative holds the primary
objective of ensuring the availability of top-notch medicines to the public, all while maintaining an affordable price
point. 4S4R7S
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 As part of this progressive initiative, the Ministry has meticulously curated a list of fifty railway stations that will
serve as the launching grounds for the pilot project. This strategic selection aims to lay the groundwork for greater
accessibility to Janaushadhi products for both passengers and visitors frequenting these bustling stations.
 The establishment of PMBJKs addresses the pressing healthcare requirements of passengers while fostering an
improved overall experience.
 In summary, the Railways Ministry’s groundbreaking movetr-to establish
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Kendras at railway stations heralds a new era of accessible and affordable healthcare solutions. Beyond its core
mission of dispensing quality medicines, this initiative envisions a holistic transformation that encompasses
enhanced accessibility, economic empowerment, and entrepreneurial growth.
DPIIT, Ministry of Rural Development jointly launch ‘One District One Product’ Wall at SARAS Ajeevika Store
 In a significant stride towards showcasing the rich heritage of Indian craftsmanship and fostering self-reliance, the
One District One Product (ODOP) program has joined hands with the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National
Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) to launch the captivating and innovative ‘ODOP Wall‘.
 This initiative not only celebrates India’s artistic diversity but also amplifies the voices of rural artisans and women
entrepreneurs, providing them with a platform to showcase their exceptional skills and craftsmanship to the world.
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 The ‘ODOP Wall’ launch event marked a significant step towards the realization of Prime Minister Shri Narendra
Modi’s vision to exhibit the unparalleled uniqueness of Indian crafts to the world. This collaboration between the
ODOP program and DAY-NRLM aims to highlight the exceptional craftsmanship and cultural significance
embedded within the products that originate from various districts across India.
NCERT Constitutes 19-Member Panel for Textbook Revision in India

 The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has formed a 19-member committee
responsible for aligning school syllabi, textbooks, teaching materials, and learning resources with the National
Curriculum Framework (NCF).
 The committee’s mandate covers Classes 3 to 12, and it also aims to ensure a seamless transition from Classes 1 and
2 to subsequent grades.
 With a diverse range of expertise spanning mathematics, arts, economics, sports, policy, and administration, this
committee aims to create an educational framework that aligns with contemporary needs while embracing cultural
and regional diversity. Each member contributes their valuable insights, driving the transformation of India’s school
education system.
President to launch advanced frigate Vindhyagiri in Kolkata on 17 Aug
 President Droupadi Murmu will launch Vindhyagiri, a Project 17A Frigate, on 17 August 2023 in Kolkata.
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 Vindhyagiri is the sixth ship of the Project 17A Frigates, which are follow-ons of the Project 17 Class Frigates.
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 Under the Project 17A program, the first five ships of the project have been launched by MDL and GRSE between
2019-2022.
CSIR-NBRI launches improved lotus variety ‘Namoh 108’
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 In a momentous celebration, the CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI) launched an
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extraordinary variety of the national flower, Lotus, named ‘Namoh 108‘. This unique flower boasts an astonishing
108 petals and was dedicated to the nation on the eve of Independence Day, underscoring its significance in the
cultural and religious tapestry of India.
CSIR Director General N Kalaiselvi leading

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 The unveiling took place during the NBRI’s week-long festival ‘One Week One Lab Programme‘ in Lucknow, with
the ceremony.
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 The ‘Namoh 108’ lotus variety has been meticulously developed by NBRI scientists, who brought the original plant
from Manipur for comprehensive research. It became the first Lotus variety to have its entire genome sequenced,
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ensuring its longevity and protection from potential extinction.
 Unlike its counterparts, the ‘Namoh 108’ lotus variety has exhibited exceptional resilience to varying weather
conditions, showcasing its ability to bloom magnificently from March to December.
 This prolonged flowering period significantly surpasses other lotus varieties that typically flourish for only 4-5
months.
Goa becomes first state to provide IVF free at govt hospital

 In a significant stride towards accessible and affordable healthcare, Goa has emerged as the trailblazer among Indian
states by introducing free In vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.
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 This groundbreaking initiative, coupled with assisted reproductive technology (ART) and intrauterine insemination
(IUI), was officially inaugurated by Chief Minister Pramod Sawant at the Goa Medical College (GMC) in Bambolim.
 With this momentous development, Goa establishes itself as a trailblazer in healthcare services. Goa Medical
College’s super-speciality block is now equipped to offer IVF treatment, responding to the needs of the community
with compassion and innovation. Approximately 100 hopeful parents have already registered with GMC, eager to
avail the IVF facility. 4A7B
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 In India, the cost of IVF treatment has often been a significant deterrent for couples seeking fertility solutions.
Depending on the hospital and the complexity of the IVF procedure, the expenses can range from Rs 70,000 to Rs
3 lakh per cycle. The financial burden often leaves many individuals and families grappling with limited options.
The Goa government’s decision to offer free IVF treatment directly addresses this pressing concern, easing the
financial strain on couples and expanding access to reproductive healthcare.
Crafting a Better Future: PM Vishwakarma Yojana's Impact on Artisans - INVC

 Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent announcement of the Vishwakarma Yojana in his Independence Day
address has paved the way for a new scheme aimed at bolstering the livelihood prospects of traditional artisans and
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craftspeople. Following this announcement, the Union Cabinet swiftly approved the scheme, demonstrating its
commitment to promoting and preserving traditional skills and crafts.
 The Vishwakarma Yojana is a visionary initiative by the Indian government designed to extend financial assistance
to individuals engaged in traditional crafts and skills. This scheme seeks to provide a strong support system to
artisans, enabling them to flourish in their crafts while also contributing to the preservation of India’s rich cultural
heritage.
 Under the umbrella of the Vishwakarma Yojana, a dedicated allocation of Rs 13,000 crore has been earmarked to
empower artisans across the country. The scheme offers subsidized loans of up to Rs 2 lakh to craftsmen, aiming to
alleviate financial constraints that might impede their artistic pursuits.
PM-eBus Sewa scheme will significantly boost landscape of cleaner public transport: SMEV
 In a significant move towards enhancing urban transportation and promoting electric mobility, the Union Cabinet
has given its nod to the “PM-eBus Sewa” scheme. This initiative is aimed at expanding city bus operations by
deploying 10,000 electric buses through a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model.
1. Scheme Cost and Support: The PM-eBus Sewa scheme is projected to incur a total cost of Rs 57,613 crore. To
facilitate its implementation, the Central government will provide financial support of Rs 20,000 crore.
2. Coverage Criteria: The scheme will encompass cities with a population of three lakh and above as per the 2011
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census, including capital cities of Union Territories, the North Eastern Region, and Hill States.
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3. Direct Job Creation: Implementation of the scheme is projected to result in the creation of 45,000 to 55,000 direct
job opportunities.
4. Segment A: Augmenting City Bus Services: One segment of the scheme, labeled Segment A, is dedicated to
enhancing city bus services across 169 cities.
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5. Segment B: Green Urban Mobility Initiatives (GUMI): The second segment, Segment B, targets 181 cities and
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revolves around green mobility initiatives.
6. Operational Framework: The responsibility of operating the bus services and making payments to bus operators
will rest with the respective states and cities.
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7. Promoting E-Mobility: The scheme places a strong emphasis on promoting electric mobility.
8. Environmental Benefits: The transition to electric mobility will yield positive environmental outcomes.
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Built in 43 days: India’s first 3D-printed post office inaugurated in Bengaluru
 Bengaluru, often hailed as nation’s tech capital, has welcomed the India’s first 3D-printed post office. Located in
Cambridge Layout near Ulsoor, this post office has set a new benchmark for efficiency, sustainability, and design.
 Inaugurating the post office, Ashwini Vaishnaw, the Union Minister for Railways, Communications, Electronics &
Information Technology, commended Bengaluru’s innovative spirit. The post office, encompassing an area of 1,021
square feet, was swiftly completed in just 43 days – a remarkable departure from the conventional construction
period of around 10 months.
 Employing quick-setting materials and a specially engineered robotic arm extruder, the technique known as
contour crafting was utilized to construct the building’s intricate design. This method allowed for precise layering,
resulting in a unique and visually captivating structure. 4O4S4R7S tr-5M7T2Q
Chairman, Central Water Commission Launches Mobile App

 The Chairman, Central Water Commission (CWC), Shri Kushvinder Vohra, has taken a groundbreaking step
towards enhancing flood preparedness and response by unveiling the “FloodWatch” mobile application.
 This revolutionary app is designed to harness the power of mobile phones to disseminate real-time flood-related
information and forecasts to the public, up to 7 days in advance. The app,
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broadcasts, is available in two languages, English and Hindi, making it accessible to a wider audience.
 The core functionality of the “FloodWatch” app revolves around providing real-time flood monitoring. Users can
conveniently access up-to-date flood situation reports from across the country. Drawing from near real-time river
flow data from various reliable sources, the app empowers users with accurate and current flood-related
information.
 One of the key features that set the “FloodWatch” app apart is its flood forecasting capabilities. Users can receive
flood fosrecast for their nearest locations, enabling them to stay informed about potential flood threats. The app’s
Home Page offers easy access to flood advisories at the station closest to the user, simplifying the process of
obtaining crucial information.
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G20 Film Festival kicks off in Delhi with Pather Panchali screening
 The first G20 film festival, organized by the Ministry of External Affairs and India International Centre, commenced
in Delhi with the screening of the renowned drama film “Pather Panchali” by Satyajit Ray.
 The distinguished veteran actor Victor Banerjee and G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant graced the festival’s grand opening,
symbolizing a significant stride towards nurturing cross-cultural comprehension through the medium of cinema.
 The festival unfolded against the backdrop of the Indian classic, “Pather Panchali“, directed by the visionary Satyajit
Ray in 1955. This cinematic masterpiece, celebrated for its emotional depth and timeless relevance, set the stage for
a cinematic extravaganza that will span 17 days, culminating on September 3rd. The captivating journey will
encompass 15 more exceptional films that have left an indelible mark on the global cinematic landscape.
Tulip Garden of Srinagar Entered Record Books With 1.5mn Flowers

 Nestled amidst the picturesque foothills of the Zabarwan range, the Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden has
etched its name in the annals of the World Book of Records as Asia’s largest and most spectacular park of its kind.
The garden, adorned with a enchanting variety of 1.5 million blooming flowers, stands as a living testament to the
beauty and diversity of nature.
 The World Book President and CEO, Santosh Shukla, bestowed the esteemed certification upon Fayaz Sheikh, the
Secretary of Floriculture, Gardens, and Parks.
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 With an enchanting collection of 68 distinctive tulip varieties, the Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden is a
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captivating tapestry of colors and shapes. Each tulip variety presents a unique personality, painting the landscape
with hues that range from the most delicate pastels to the most vibrant and striking shades. The garden’s
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meticulously curated collection showcases the tireless efforts of horticulturists and botanists in cultivating a
breathtaking array of nature’s wonders.
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Bhagwan Birsa Munda Jodaraste Scheme: Maharashtra govt to link all tribal villages in state with main roads
 The Maharashtra government has taken a significant step towards enhancing connectivity and improving the lives
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of tribal communities in the state. The Bhagwan Birsa Munda Jodaraste Scheme aims to link all tribal villages in 17
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districts of Maharashtra with main roads, effectively addressing the challenges faced by these communities in
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accessing essential services. The project, estimated at a cost of Rs 5,000 crore, will involve the construction of
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approximately 6,838 kilometers roads.
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President Droupadi Murmu gives assent to Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Bill and Integrated
Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Bill
 President Droupadi Murmu has officially granted her assent to two crucial pieces of legislation, namely the Central
Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Bill, 2023, and the Integrated Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Bill,
2023. Both of these bills, which had recently received approval from the Parliament, have now become law with the
President’s endorsement.
 The Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Bill, 2023, is designed to introduce amendments to the existing
Central Goods and Services Tax Act of 2017. This bill encompasses adjustments to key definitions and provisions to
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 Defining Online Gaming and Virtual Digital Assets: The bill adds definitions for crucial terms such as “online
gaming,” “online money gaming,” and “virtual digital assets.” It clarifies that online gaming refers to the offering of
games over the internet or electronic networks, encompassing money gaming as well.
President launched 'My Bengal, Addiction Free Bengal'

 At an occasion held at the Raj Bhavan, President Droupadi Murmu tr-5I7Glaunched the ‘My Bengal, Addiction-Free Bengal‘
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campaign, a vital undertaking organised by the Brahma Kumaris, aimed at tackling the prevalent issue of drug usage
among the youth.
 Acknowledging the joint endeavors of both the central and state governments in confronting this concern, the
president underscored the pressing need to urgently discover viable solutions to eradicate this threat from society.
 President Droupadi Murmu outlined a multi-faceted approach to tackling the issue of drug abuse, advocating for
solutions that involve spiritual awakening, medical intervention, social unity, and determined political will. She
emphasized that addiction often stems from mental stress and peer pressure, resulting in harmful consequences
for both the individuals involved and their families. She also applauded organizations such as the Brahma Kumaris
for engaging in discussions around these critical matters and actively working to find resolutions.
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The Matti banana variety native to Kanniyakumari district has been granted a Geographical Indication (GI)
tag.
 The Matti banana variety native to Kanniyakumari district has been granted a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.
These bananas thrive uniquely in the district’s climate and soil, resulting in a larger-than-human finger-sized fruit
with a sweet aroma and honey-like taste.
Distinctive Attributes:
1. Size and Taste: Matti bananas are slightly larger-than-human finger-sized fruits with a sweet fragrance and honey-
like taste that remains unmatched outside their native region.
2. Variety Diversity: There are six distinct types of Matti bananas, each boasting unique qualities in terms of color,
aroma, and flav
TN CM Stalin Lays Foundation Stone For South-East Asia’s Largest Desalination Plant
 In a significant stride towards resolving the water crisis gripping Chennai city, Tamil Nadu’s Chief Minister, M K
Stalin, has laid the foundation stone for what is set to become South East Asia’s largest water desalination project.
 Spearheaded by VA Tech Wabag, a renowned pure-play water technology Indian Multinational Group based in
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Chennai, this project is poised to revolutionize the region’s water supply. With an ambitious investment of Rs 4,400
crore, this initiative holds the potential to alleviate Chennai’s water scarcity concerns and elevate the city’s status
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as a water-sustainable urban center.
 The goal of the project is to establish a Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination facility with the capacity to
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generate an impressive 400 million liters per day (MLD) of clean, drinkable water. The financial backing for this
project is being extended by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), exemplifying a collaborative
endeavor aimed at tackling a critical regional concern.
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Bharat NCAP: New vehicle safety norms set for launch
 The Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (Bharat NCAP) was launched by Union Minister of Road Transport
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manufacture safer vehicles. 4S4R7S
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and Highways Shri Nitin Gadkari on August 22, 2023, in New Delhi. The program aims to enhance road safety by
elevating vehicle safety standards for up to 3.5-tonne vehicles in India. Bharat NCAP will also greatly push the safety
and quality of the vehicles in India, while simultaneously promoting a healthy competition among OEMs to
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New Car Assessment Programme Details-
• The program is applicable to type approved motor vehicles of M1 category less than 3.5T GVW.
• This is a voluntary program in which the base variants of a given model shall be tested.
• The program will commence from October 1, 2023, and will be based on Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) 197.
• The program aims to create an ecosystem of competitive safety enhancements leading to increased awareness
among consumers.
• Consumers can take an informed decision by making a comparative assessment on vehicle performance under crash
test conditions.
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 India has announced the definition of Green Hydrogen. Thetr-Green Hydrogen Standard for India sets a criterion of
2 kg CO2 equivalent per kg H2 as a 12-month average emission threshold. It is a significant move for the progress
of the National Green Hydrogen Mission. The guidelines established by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Government of India, delineate the emission benchmarks that must be fulfilled for hydrogen production
to qualify as ‘Green’, signifying its origin from renewable sources.
 The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has characterized Green Hydrogen
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(encompassing processes like water treatment, electrolysis, gas purification, hydrogen drying, and compression)
that does not exceed 2 kg CO2 equivalent per kg H2.
 The scope of the definition encompasses both electrolysis-based and biomass-based hydrogen production methods.
The notification explicitly states that the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy will define a comprehensive
methodology for measuring, reporting, monitoring, on-site verification, and certifying green hydrogen and its
derivatives. Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), Ministry of Power shall be the Nodal Authority for accreditation of
agencies for the monitoring, verification and certification for Green Hydrogen production projects.
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FM Nirmala Sitharaman launched HSBC India’s Green Hydrogen partnerships
 In a significant step towards fostering innovation in the field of green hydrogen, Finance Minister Nirmala
Sitharaman has launched strategic partnerships between HSBC India and prominent institutions, namely the Indian
Institute of Technology, Bombay, and the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (SSEF).
 The collaboration, which comes with a substantial grant support totaling ₹15 crore ($2 million), marks a pivotal
moment in advancing projects that prioritize green hydrogen as a strategic alternative fuel. These initiatives are
poised to play a crucial role in building a resilient green-hydrogen economy.
 The partnerships forged by HSBC India underline the nation’s commitment to accelerating innovation in the realm
of green hydrogen. As India strives to reduce its carbon footprint and make significant strides in the fight against
climate change, green hydrogen has emerged as a game-changing solution that aligns perfectly with these goals.
The strategic partnerships aim to channel resources and expertise into projects that will drive the adoption of green
hydrogen across various sectors.
First ABDM Microsite Under NHA '100 Microsites Project' Launched in Mizoram
 Under the “100 Microsites” initiative, the National Health Authority (NHA) of India has unveiled the first Ayushman
Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) Microsite in the capital city of Mizoram. This achievement is poised to transform
the healthcare sector by propelling the advantages of digitalization to the forefront.
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 The ABDM Microsite project represents a pivotal shift in healthcare digitization efforts across India. The concept
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revolves around establishing defined geographical regions where targeted outreach efforts are concentrated to
onboard small and medium-scale private healthcare providers into the digital healthcare ecosystem.
 With a robust support framework in place, these providers will play a vital role in offering digital health services to
reaching even the smallest healthcare facilities across the country.
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patients. The project’s origin can be traced to the vision of providing a significant push to healthcare digitization,
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Nagaland shawl to Gond painting: PM Modi's special gifts for BRICS leaders
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 Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who was on a three-day visit to South Africa to attend the 15th BRICS summit,
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presented special gifts to the organization’s leaders including South African president Cyril Ramaphosa, First Lady
Nagaland Shawl, and Gond
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of South Africa Tshepo Motsepe, and Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. PM Modi gifts Bidri Surahi,
to BRICS leaders.
 PM Modi gifted Bidri a pair of ‘Surahi’ from Telangana to South African President Cyril Ramaphosa. Bidrivase is a
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purely Indian innovation of 500-year-old Persian, exclusive to Bidar. Bidrivase is cast with an alloy of Zinc, Copper,
and other non-ferrous metals with pretty patterns engraved on the casting and inlaid with pure Silver wire. The
casting is then soaked in a solution mixed with the special soil of Bidar Fort which has special oxidizing properties.
This causes the Zinc alloy to turn into a lustrous black leaving the silver inlay intact to contrast stunningly with the
black background.
 The Prime Minister also gifted a Nagaland shawl to the First Lady of South Africa Tshepo Motsepe. Naga shawls are
an exquisite form of textile art that has been woven for centuries by the tribes in the state of Nagaland. These shawls
are known for their vibrant colors, intricate designs, and the use of traditional weaving techniques which have been
passed down from generation to generation. 7T2Q4O4S4R
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NCGG completes training of 27th batch of civil servants

 The 2-week Capacity Building Programme (CBP) for civil servants of Maldives organised by the National Centre for
Good Governance (NCGG) in partnership with the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) concluded on 25th August,
2023 today at New Delhi. NCGG has signed MoU with the Government of Maldives to enhance the skills and
capabilities of 1,000 civil servants in the field of public administration
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and
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agreement, NCGG has already imparted training to 858 officers from Maldives which includes 29 officers of ACC,
Maldives.
 NCGG's efforts are aligned with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's philosophy of “Vasudhaiv Kutumbkam” and
“Neighbourhood First” policy and keeping citizens at the forefront while designing developmental strategies and
implementing public policies. It is in this context that these programmes reinforce the principles of citizen centric
governance and promote the exchange of knowledge, information and innovations and promote the adoption of
best practices and digital governance. It is also an effort in the direction of strengthening bilateral ties and fostering
regional cooperation with neighbouring countries.
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Assam Issues Notification Banning Plastic Water Bottles Below 1000 ml
 In a decisive move towards environmental conservation, the Assam Environment and Forest Department has taken
a significant step by announcing the ban on the use and production of plastic water bottles below 1000 ml capacity
within the state. This transformative initiative, set to be enforced from October 2 this year, reflects Assam’s
commitment to combat plastic pollution and promote sustainable practices.
 Recognizing the environmental hazards posed by such smaller plastic bottles, the Assam government’s decision
aligns with its commitment to safeguard the state’s natural beauty and biodiversity.
 The Assam government made headlines by declaring its intent to prohibit the production and use of drinking water
bottles made from Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a volume of less than 1 litre. This commendable decision
has now materialized into official action, with the Assam Environment and Forest Department issuing a resolute
notification on August 23. The notification effectively puts an end to the manufacturing, import, stocking,
distribution, and sale of plastic water bottles below the specified capacity.
INTERNATIONAL
India imposes anti-dumping duty on optical fibre imports from China, Korea and Indonesia
 Based on the recommendations of the Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), the revenue department has
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imposed an anti-dumping duty on Dispersion Unshifted Single-Mode Optical Fiber (SMOF) imports from China,
South Korea and Indonesia.
 As reported by the Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), the domestic optical fiber industry has
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experienced detrimental consequences due to the surge of inexpensive and substandard imports from these nations.
In response to these challenges, the Finance Ministry has introduced anti-dumping duties on specific optical fiber
from the influx of such dumped imports.
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imports originating from these countries, aiming to address the adverse impacts on the domestic industry resulting
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Pakistan parliament dissolved to set stage for national election
 In a significant political development, Pakistan’s President took the step of dissolving the country’s parliament as
per the recommendation of 7T Prime 4S
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Minister
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Shehbaz Sharif.
 The lower house of the Parliament’s five-year term is due to end on August 12. This move comes at a critical juncture
as Pakistan grapples with both political and economic challenges.
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 The decision to dissolve the parliament was executed just three days prior to the culmination of the current
parliamentary term. As part of the process, a caretaker administration will be established, jointly chosen by Prime
Minister Shehbaz Sharif and a representative from the outgoing parliament’s opposition leadership.
Canada to Starts Accepting PTE Scores For Student Direct Stream Applications
 In a significant development for international students aspiring to study in Canada, the country’s Immigration,
Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has officially sanctioned the use of Pearson’s PTE Academic test as an
English language proficiency assessment.
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 Earlier this year, the IRCC made a momentous decision by 7T2Q4O4S4R
endorsing
tr-5M Pearson’s PTE Academic test as a valid
measure of English language proficiency. This move acknowledges the rigorous standards and accuracy of the PTE
Academic assessment, further enhancing the credibility and global recognition of this language proficiency test.
 Students who have taken the PTE Academic test before August 10 are eligible to benefit from this new directive. As
long as these scores are submitted within the stipulated expiry period set by the IRCC, they can be used for Student
Direct Stream (SDS) applications.
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Chinese economy slips into deflation as recovery falters and demand slows
 Deflation, the inverse of inflation, signifies a persistent decline in the general price levels of goods and services
within an economy. The recent occurrence of deflation in China, the world’s second-largest economy, has triggered
concerns about its economic prospects and the need for robust policy responses from Beijing.
 Deflation can be succinctly described as a continuous reduction in overall price levels across an economy. This
situation contrasts with inflation, where prices increase over time. In China’s case, both the consumer price index
(CPI) and producer price index (PPI) reported declines in July.
1. Consumer Price Index (CPI) Decline: China’s CPI dipped by 0.3 percent year-on-year in July, marking its first
decrease since February 2021.
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2. Producer Price Index (PPI) Decline: The PPI experienced its tenth consecutive monthly decline, falling by 4.4
percent, surpassing the predicted 4.1 percent decrease.
Bahrain: INS Visakhapatnam and Deepak reach Port Mina Salman

 Indian Navy ships INS Visakhapatnam and Deepak are visiting Port Mina Salman, Bahrain from August 14 to 17.
 The visit is aimed at strengthening ties between the Indian and Bahraini navies.
 The visit includes sharing best practices to enhance cooperation between the two navies.
 INS Visakhapatnam and INS Trikand recently conducted a bilateral exercise ‘Zayed Talwar’ with the UAE Navy.
Pakistan: Anwarul Haq Kakar Sworn In As Caretaker Prime Minister

 Anwarul Haq Kakar, a prominent ethnic Pushtun leader with close ties to the influential military, has taken the
oath as the country’s caretaker prime minister. With this appointment, Kakar is entrusted with the responsibility
of heading an impartial administration, supervising the forthcoming general elections, and addressing the economic
hurdles confronting the country.
 Kakar is distinguished as the youngest interim Prime Minister in the history of Pakistan.
 In a modest ceremony held at the President House, President Arif Alvi administered the oath to Anwarul Haq Kakar.
The event was attended by outgoing Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and several prominent leaders. This moment
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marked Kakar’s elevation to the role of the 8th interim prime minister of Pakistan.
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 Kakar formally resigned from the Senate and the Balochistan Awami Party (BAP), solidifying his commitment to
the neutrality demanded by his current position. The Senate chairman acknowledged Kakar’s resignation in
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accordance with the provisions outlined in clause (1) of Article 64 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of
Pakistan.
China's Inner Mongolia reports two cases of bubonic plague
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 China’s Inner Mongolia region has reported two cases of bubonic plague, causing concerns amid previous infections
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and highlighting the need for vigilant containment efforts. The new cases involve close relatives of a previously
infected individual. Bubonic plague is a highly infectious disease, primarily transmitted through rodents, and can
be fatal if not treated promptly. The region’s
spread of the disease. tr-5M7T2Q
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health authorities are taking proactive measures to prevent the further
 Following a prior bubonic plague infection detected on August 7, China’s northern region of Inner Mongolia has
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once again encountered two cases of the disease. These new cases involve the husband and daughter of the previous
infected person, as confirmed by the local government’s official statement.
 To curb the potential spread of the disease, authorities have taken swift action by quarantining all close contacts of
the newly infected individuals. It is reassuring to note that as of now, none of the quarantined contacts have
exhibited any abnormal symptoms related to bubonic plague. This proactive approach emphasizes the region’s
commitment to preventing a wider outbreak.
Typhoon Lan: mass power cuts hit western Japan as storm makes landfall
 Typhoon Lan made landfall in Japan, August 15, bringing heavy rain and
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strong winds. The typhoon has caused
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flooding and power outages in several areas, and authorities have issued evacuation warnings for some residents.
The typhoon made landfall near Shionomisaki in Wakayama prefecture, about 400 kilometers southwest of Tokyo.
It had maximum sustained winds of 160 kilometers per hour (100 miles per hour), equivalent to a Category 2
hurricane.
 The typhoon has since weakened slightly, but it is still bringing heavy rain and strong winds to Japan. The Japan
Meteorological Agency has warned that the typhoon could cause flooding 7B landslides in some areas. Evacuation
and
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warnings have been issued for residents in several areas, including Wakayama, Osaka, and Kyoto prefectures. More
than 237,000 people have been advised to evacuate their homes. The typhoon has also caused power outages in
some areas. More than 100,000 households are without power in Wakayama prefecture. Authorities are urging
residents to stay safe and follow the instructions of local officials.
Typhoon Lan has caused widespread damage in Japan. The typhoon has caused flooding and landslides, and has
knocked down trees and power lines. More than 237,000 people have been evacuated from their homes, and more than
100,000 households are without power.
India accounts for 35% of cargo handled by Russia’s Arctic Murmansk port this year
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 India’s collaboration with Russia’s Arctic region is on the rise, evidenced by its substantial contribution to cargo
handled at Murmansk port. This strategic port, positioned about 2,000 km northwest of Moscow, serves as a key
northern gateway for Russia, and in the first seven months of 2023, it handled a total of eight million tonnes of
cargo. Notably, India’s share accounted for 35% of this cargo, primarily consisting of coal destined for the eastern
coast of India.
 India emerges as a significant player in the cargo operations of Murmansk port, responsible for 35% of the handled
cargo. This impressive figure underscores India’s economic and trade connections with the Arctic region.
 India’s engagement extends to the Northern Sea Route (NSR), a crucial shipping pathway connecting the Asia-
Pacific region and western Eurasia. The NSR offers a shorter route than traditional alternatives, enhancing the
efficiency and safety of maritime transport.
Russia's first robotic moon mission in nearly 50 years ends in failure

 Russia’s eagerly anticipated lunar mission, the Luna-25, has suffered a significant setback as the spacecraft veered
out of control and crashed onto the Moon surface. The failure is a poignant reminder of the unpredictable
challenges inherent in space exploration, emphasizing that even the most advanced technology is susceptible to
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failure. This article delves into the details of the mission, the implications of its failure, and Russia’s unwavering
commitment to lunar exploration.
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 The Luna-25 mission was an ambitious undertaking by Russia, aimed at landing a spacecraft on the Moon’s South
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Pole. This region garnered intense scientific interest due to its potential to contain water ice, a precious resource
for future lunar endeavors. Beyond its scientific objectives, the Luna-25 also served as a preliminary step towards
more advanced lunar missions, setting the stage for future missions that would gather and return lunar soil samples
to Earth.
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Srettha Thavisin elected Thailand PM as Thaksin returns from exile
 Thai property tycoon Srettha Thavisin has been elected as the new prime minister of Thailand following a decisive
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win in a parliamentary vote. The 60-year-old Thavisin’s victory in the parliamentary vote, with the support of two-
thirds of the assembly, ends weeks of political uncertainty that followed an election held 100 days ago.
 Srettha Thavisin after completing his studies in 1986, embarked on his professional path, assuming the role of an
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assistant product manager at7TProcter
tr-5M & Gamble. This initial chapter of his career spanned a duration of four years,
during which he gained valuable insights and experience. However, it was in the year 1988 that he embarked on a
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transformative journey, co-founding Sansiri. This enterprise would go on to establish itself as one of Thailand’s
foremost real estate development companies, leaving an indelible mark on the industry.
 Srettha Thavisin’s election as prime minister ushers in a new era of coalition politics. He faces the challenging task
of holding together a potentially fragile coalition government, which includes parties affiliated with the royalist
military. The military, notorious for orchestrating coups in 2006 and 2014 that toppled Pheu Thai (a major Thai
political party) governments, holds a significant stake in this coalition. Thavisin’s ability to navigate the intricacies
of this coalition will play a pivotal role in determining the stability and direction of Thailand’s government.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

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Centre launches ULLAS mobile application to promote basic literacy

 The Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Samagam 2023 witnessed its inauguration at Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New
Delhi, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi gracing the event.
 The occasion also saw the Union Minister of Education and Minister of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship,
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Dharmendra Pradhan, introducing the logo, slogan - "Jan Jantr-Sakshar", mobile application of the ULLAS: Nav
Bharat Saksharta Karyakram. The occasion coincided with the third anniversary of NEP 2020.
 The ULLAS initiative aims to revolutionise education and literacy across the nation by fostering a comprehensive
learning ecosystem that caters to every individual, bridging gaps in basic literacy and critical life skills. Its focus
extends to promoting functional literacy, vocational skills and essential life skills such as financial literacy, legal
literacy, digital literacy and empowerment of citizens to participate in nation-building.
Indian Defence Ministry Set To Use Locally Developed OS Maya To Prevent Cyberattacks
 The Defence Ministry has said that they are going to switch to Operating System Maya in all their computers in
place of the Microsoft OS to prevent cyber and malware attacks. OS Maya was built locally based on open-source
Ubuntu.
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 With the increase of cyberattacks on defence and the critical infrastructure of the country has led the Defence
Ministry to take this step.
 An official involved in this process told The Hindu, “Maya has the interface and all functionality like Windows and
users will not feel much difference as they transition to it. To begin with, the direction is to install Maya on all
computers connected to the Internet in South Block before August 15."
 Reportedly, a Chakravyuh will also be installed in the systems to avail an ‘end point detection and protection
system’.
 The OS Maya is being installed on the computers of the Defence Ministry only and not on the rest of the Services.
But the report says that the three other Services will soon adopt the operating system as the Navy has already cleared
it and currently it is being evaluated by the Army and the Air Force
Indian Air Force Inducts Heron Mark 2 Drones That Can Cover Borders With
 The Indian Air Force has inducted its latest Heron Mark 2 drones, which have strike capability and can carry out
surveillance along the borders with both China and Pakistan in a single sortie itself. The four new Heron Mark-2

drones, which can be equipped with long-range missiles and other weapons systems, have been deployed at a
forward air base in the northern sector.
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The induction of the Heron Mark-2 is a major boost for the IAF’s surveillance capabilities. The drone will be used
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for a variety of missions, including intelligence gathering, border patrol, and counter-insurgency operations. It will
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also be used to support the IAF’s combat aircraft, providing them with real-time imagery and targeting data.
 The Heron Mark-2 is an upgraded version of the Heron Mark-1, which has been in service with the IAF since 2009.
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The new drone has a longer range and endurance, and is equipped with more advanced sensors.
India's first long-range revolver 'Prabal' to be launched this week on August 18
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 In a significant stride towards indigenous manufacturing and innovation, the state-owned company Advanced
Weapons and Equipment India Limited (AWEIL), based in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is all set to unveil ‘Prabal‘, India’s
a
first long-range revolver. The launch date is marked for August 18, ushering in a new era of personal defense
firearms.
 Designed and manufactured by AWEIL,
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this lightweight 32 bore revolver boasts an exceptional range, capable of
to2Q50 meters away. This remarkable range is more than double that of other revolvers
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accurately hitting targets
currently in production, establishing Prabal as a frontrunner in the field of long-range handguns.
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 A remarkable feature that sets Prabal apart from its counterparts is the incorporation of a side swing cylinder. This
innovative design element eliminates the need to fold the firearm for cartridge insertion, simplifying the reloading
process and enhancing user convenience.
 With a mere weight of 700 grams (excluding cartridges), a barrel length of 76 mm, and an overall length of 177.6
mm, Prabal is ergonomically designed for ease of use. Its trigger pull is designed to be effortless, enabling a wide
range of individuals, including women, to handle it confidently.
ISRO plans to launch Aditya L1 satellite in August

 The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is launchingtr-its first solar4Rmission,
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7S Aditya-L1, to study the Sun. The
mission will be placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange point 1 (L1), which is about 1.5 million kilometers from
Earth. From this vantage point, Aditya-L1 will be able to study the Sun’s atmosphere, magnetic fields, and space
weather impacts.
 Halo Orbit Placement: Aditya-L1 is designed to be positioned in a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrange point, ensuring
a stable vantage point for continuous solar observations.
 Launch and Deployment: The mission will be launched using the tr-5IISRO 4B4A7B
7G2I4GPSLV rocket from the Sathish Dhawan Space
Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR) in Sriharikota. The spacecraft will initially be placed in a low Earth orbit, which will
then be transformed into an elliptical orbit before reaching L1 using on-board propulsion.
 Cruise Phase and Halo Orbit: As the spacecraft journeys towards L1, it will exit Earth’s gravitational sphere of
influence, marking the commencement of the cruise phase. Once at L1, it will enter a vast halo orbit around the
Lagrange point.
INS Kulish participates in celebration of 77th Independence Day in Singapore

 In a notable display of maritime cooperation, the guided missile corvette INS Kulish made its presence felt during
Singapore’s 77th Independence Day festivities. As part of its ongoing engagement in the multinational SEACAT
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2023 exercise, the crew and officers of INS Kulish celebrated the occasion at the High Commission of India in
Singapore.
 Currently embarked on a four-day tour, INS Kulish is participating in the multinational SEACAT 2023 exercise.
Hailing from the Andaman and Nicobar Command’s Port Blair, the corvette’s primary mission is to contribute to
the Harbour Phase of SEACAT 2023.
 This initiative aims to bolster interoperability and collective action on various maritime security challenges. The
exercise, which commenced on August 14 and is scheduled until August 17, will transition to the sea phase,
continuing until August 25.
 SEACAT, an acronym for Southeast Asia Cooperation and Training, aims to amplify Maritime Domain Awareness.
This comprehensive exercise delves into a wide array of geopolitical concerns, illicit activities, and potential
contingencies.
Government clears Rs 20,000 cr deal to build five warships for Indian Navy
 In a significant development aimed at enhancing the operational capabilities of the Indian Navy, the Central
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Government has granted its final approval for a pivotal project to construct five fleet support ships. These vessels,
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designed to serve as vital logistical lifelines, will play a crucial role in replenishing warships with essential supplies
including fuel, food, and ammunition during missions.
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 The responsibility for constructing these crucial fleet support ships has been entrusted to the Visakhapatnam-based
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Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL), a flagship enterprise under the defense ministry.
 By opting for indigenous construction, the Indian Navy is not only reinforcing its operational capabilities but also
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contributing significantly to the government’s vision of self-reliance. This decision aligns with the broader goal of
reducing dependence on foreign imports and bolstering domestic industries.
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 Beyond its military significance, the project is set to deliver substantial economic benefits. The creation of
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thousands of new jobs over an extended period will inject fresh energy into the workforce, fostering growth and
prosperity. The ripple effect of this venture will extend to industries aligned with the project, further solidifying
India’s position as a strategic maritime player.
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 In a significant stride towards
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President Murmu launches INS Vindhyagiri, 6th stealth frigate in Navy's arsenal
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bolstering India’s maritime prowess, President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the
latest addition to the Indian Navy’s fleet, INS Vindhyagiri. The launch event was held at the Kolkata-based Garden
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Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE).
 Following the launch of INS Vindhyagiri, the vessel will join its sister ships, INS Himgiri and INS Dunagiri, at the
Outfitting Jetty at GRSE.
 The vessel derives its name from the mighty Vindhya mountain range, symbolizing strength, determination, and
unwavering resolve. As INS Vindhyagiri touches the waters of the River Hooghly for the first time, it embarks on a
journey that mirrors the resilience of the mountains after which it is named, upholding the cherished values that
define our nation.
 One of the cornerstones of the launch of INS Vindhyagiri is the profound impact it has on bolstering India’s defense
industrial base. 5M7T2Q4O4S
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India becomes 4th country to successfully land spacecraft on moon

 India successfully landed its Chandrayaan-3 mission on the lunar surface on August 23, 2023, making it the fourth
country to do so after the United States, Russia, and China. The lander Vikram touched down on the south pole of
the moon, a region that has never been explored before. The rover Pragyan is expected to roll out of the lander and
begin its exploration of the lunar surface in the coming days. tr-5I7G2I4G4B4A7B
 The successful landing of Chandrayaan-3 is a major achievement for India’s space program and a testament to the
hard work and dedication of the scientists and engineers who made it possible. It also puts India in a select group
of spacefaring nations and furthers its ambition to become a leading player in the global space race.
 The Chandrayaan-3 mission is expected to collect valuable data about the lunar south pole, which is thought to be
rich in water ice. This information could be used to support future human exploration of the moon. The mission is
also expected to help scientists to better understand the formation and evolution of the moon.
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Telangana, Unesco join hands to implement UN recommendation on ethics of AI
 The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Information Technology,
Electronics and Communications (ITE&C) Department of the Government of Telangana have forged a pioneering
partnership to infuse the Ethics of AI into the very essence of artificial intelligence systems.
 This partnership is designed to cultivate a profound impact on how AI is developed and utilized, ensuring that the
benefits are shared across all segments of society. The collaboration encompasses multiple dimensions.
 Ethical Development and Use of AI: The alliance is focused on advocating for the ethical development and
deployment of AI systems. This encompasses establishing guidelines and principles that prioritize the well-being
of humanity, privacy, accountability, and fairness in AI technologies.
 Awareness Raising: UNESCO and the Telangana Government recognize the importance of raising awareness about
the ethical implications of AI. They aim to educate individuals, organizations, and governments about the ethical
challenges and opportunities presented by AI, fostering a deeper understanding of its potential impacts.
 Capacity Building: To ensure that AI ethics are integrated into every level of society, the collaboration will work
towards building the necessary capacity among professionals, policymakers, and educators. By providing training
and resources, they aspire to empower individuals to make informed decisions regarding AI.
APPOINTMENT & RESIGNATIONS
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Indian American Shohini Sinha becomes FBI special agent
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Indian-American Shohini Sinha has assumed the role of special agent in charge of the Salt Lake City Field Office, as
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appointed by FBI Director Christopher Wray. Her appointment marks a momentous milestone in her career, as she
becomes the fortieth sovereign to undergo the prestigious coronation ceremony at the renowned Westminster Abbey.
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dedication to the United States’ national security. Here are five things to know:
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Shohini Sinha's ascendancy to the position of special agent in charge underscores her exceptional capabilities and
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Cabinet secretary Rajiv Gauba gets another one-year-extension
 Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba was given one-year extension, beyond August 30, 2023, in service by the government,
according to a Personnel Ministry
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order.
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4S4R7S This is his third extension on the post.
 Gauba, a former Union home secretary, was in 2019 appointed to the country's top bureaucratic post for two years.
He was given one-year extension in 2021 and then in August last year.
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 The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved the extension in service to Gauba, a 1982-batch
Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of the Jharkhand cadre, for a further period of one year beyond
30.08.2023, in relaxation of the All India Services (Death-cum-Retirement Benefits) Rules, 1958, and and Rule 56(d)
of the Fundamental Rules, it said.
SBI Life gets IRDAI approval for appointment of Amit Jhingran as MD & CEO
 Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) approved the appointment of Amit Jhingran as
the new Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer for SBI Life Insurance Company Limited.
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 Amit Jhingran has over three decades of experience in thetr-insurance
5M7T2Q4O4Ssector and serves as the Assistant General
Manager of the Hyderabad Circle.
 He joined the company in 1991 as a probationary officer and has been with SBI Life since then. Amit Jhingran had
also held the post of CEO of SBI, Chicago.
Centre clears appointment of R. Doraiswamy as LIC MD

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 Government of India had appointed R. Doraiswamy as the Life tr-5I7G
Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) managing
director. He is currently executive director at the central office in Mumbai. He has been appointed as managing
director of LIC in place of Mini Ipe with effect from the date of assumption of charge of office on or after September
1, 2023, and up to the date of his superannuation August 31, 2026, or until further orders, whichever is earlier, the
national insurer said in a regulatory filing.
 The Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB), the headhunter for directors of state-owned banks and financial
institutions, had in June recommended the name of Mr. Doraiswamy as MD. The FSIB is headed by Bhanu Pratap
Sharma, former secretary, Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT). Other members of the headhunter are
the Secretary, Department of Financial Services; Secretary, Department of Public Enterprises; IRDAI Chairman
Debasish Panda, former LIC managing director Usha Sangwan, and former Oriental Insurance managing director
A.V. Girija Kumar.
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 Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is an Indian multinational public sector life insurance company
headquartered in Mumbai. It is India’s largest insurance company as well as the largest institutional investor with
total assets under management worth ₹45.7 trillion (US$570 billion) as of March 2023. It is under the ownership of
Government of India and administrative control of the Ministry of Finance.
Government appoints two whole time members to Sebi board

 The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved the appointment of Kamlesh Varshney and
Amarjeet Singh as SEBI Whole-Time Members. While Varshney, a 1990-batch officer of the Indian Revenue Service,
is a joint secretary at the revenue department in the Finance Ministry, Singh is an executive director at the Securities
and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
 Both Varshney and Singh have been appointed for three years from the date of assumption of charge or until further
orders, whichever is earlier, according to an order issued by the Secretariat of the ACC. At SEBI, Varshney and Singh
will fill in the vacancies created by the retirement of S K Mohanty and Ananta Barua.
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator of the securities market in India. It was
o
development of, and to regulate, the securities market and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto.
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established in 1992 by the Government of India to protect the interests of investors in securities and to promote the
.
Parminder Chopra takes over as CMD of PFC
 Power Finance Corporation (PFC) has appointed Parminder Chopra as Chairman and Managing Director (CMD);
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she becomes the first woman to lead India’s largest NBFC. Chopra assumed the top job at the power sector lender
with effect from August 14, 2023. She earlier held additional charge as CMD from June 1, and was Director (Finance)
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from July 1, 2020. She also played a key role in the successful implementation of a Rs 1.12 lakh crore Liquidity Infusion
Scheme (LIS) for the power distribution sector, which was rolled out as part of the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
 Chopra has over 35 years of experience in the power and financial sector. At PFC, she has headed key finance
management and stressed asset resolution.
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functions, including resource mobilisation (domestic and international markets), banking, treasury, asset liability
a
 Her prior experience includes stints in power sector majors such as NHPC and Power Grid Corporation of India.
 Under her leadership, PFC has increased
o
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bio-fuels, hybrid renewables 2Q4O4S4R7S
like
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funding to clean energy projects, including funding of electric vehicles,
Round The Clock, renewable equipment manufacturing, and recently signed MoUs
with clean energy developers worth Rs 2.40 lakh crore, to emerge a principal financier of clean energy projects.
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RBI appoints P R Seshadri as South Indian Bank MD & CEO; stock zooms 11%
 The Reserve Bank of India has approved the appointment of PR Seshadri as Managing Director & CEO of the South
Indian Bank for a period of three years with effect from October 1, 2023
 PR Seshadri is an accomplished banker with experiences spanning multiple businesses, functional lines and
geographies. He has significant experiences in enterprise level management and in the management of all key
commercial banking business lines and he has substantial experience in successfully managing investors, boards
and regulatory relationships in multiple geographies.
 PR Seshadri is a respected business leader with a proven track 5M
record of4S
building
4R7S and leading large teams to execute
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and deliver complex business objectives. He demonstrated his ability in creating new businesses as well as in
problem solving. He is successful in scaling businesses – both existing and new – taking advantage of new
technologies and new market opportunities.
Rahul Dravid becomes new Bharat Petroleum brand ambassador

 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL) has announced cricketertr-5I7G2IRahul
4G4B4ADravid
7B as its new brand ambassador. He
will endorse BPCL’s Pure for Sure initiative and range of MAK lubricants. This exciting partnership highlights Bharat
Petroleum’s strong dedication to quality, authenticity, and excellence. Rahul Dravid embodies exceptional
sportsmanship, serves as a role model, and possesses qualities such as integrity, dependability, and trustworthiness
that align perfectly with our values at BPCL. Rahul Dravid will endorse BPCL’s well-known Pure for Sure initiative
and their range of MAK lubricants.
 As an icon who elevated Indian cricket to new heights, Rahul truly represents our values of trust, ethics, service,
and consistency. His association with BPCL will further emphasize our commitment to delivering quality products
consumers can rely on throughout the country.
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Google's Kiran Mani joins Viacom18 as CEO of Digital Business
 In a strategic move to bolster its digital business operations, Viacom18 has welcomed Kiran Mani, a seasoned
executive from Google, as the new CEO. Mani’s impressive track record and extensive experience position him well
to lead Viacom18’s digital endeavors. Currently serving as the General Manager and MD for Android and Google
Play in the Asia Pacific region, Mani’s 13-year tenure at Google underscores his deep understanding of digital
markets.
 Kiran Mani’s longstanding association with Google speaks volumes about his ability to navigate the dynamic
landscape of digital platforms. His role as the head of Android and Google Play in the Asia Pacific region has
equipped him with valuable insights into user behaviors, content consumption patterns, and market trends. This
expertise will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in his new role as CEO of Viacom18’s digital business.
 One of the significant responsibilities that Mani will shoulder is spearheading the expansion of JioCinema. This task
aligns with Viacom18’s strategic vision to enhance its digital offerings and tap into the burgeoning digital content
market. JioCinema, under Mani’s guidance, is poised to reach new heights, benefiting from his strategic acumen
and digital industry insights.
Axis Bank’s Neelkanth Mishra appointed part-time chairperson of UIDAI

 The Centre has announced the appointment of Neelkanth Mishra as the part-time Chairperson of the Unique
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Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). Mr. Mishra, known for his expertise in economics and research, currently
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serves as the Chief Economist of Axis Bank and also holds the position of Head of Global Research at Axis Capital.
 Neelkanth Mishra boasts an impressive professional journey that spans several decades, during which he has made
significant contributions to the world of finance and research. Prior to his association with Axis Bank, he spent
twenty years at Credit Suisse, a prominent financial institution based in Zurich.
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 Throughout his tenure, Mishra held various crucial roles, such as co-head of APAC Strategy, India Equity Strategy
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Head, and Head of Research in India. This diverse range of responsibilities allowed him to gain an in-depth
understanding of the intricacies of financial markets, strategic planning, and economic analysis.
Tribunal
 Justice Prakash Shrivastava 4O4S4R7S
7T2Qbeen
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Former CJ Of Calcutta High Court Justice Prakash Shrivastava Appointed As Chairperson of National Green
p
o
tr-5Mhas appointed as Chairperson of National Green Tribunal (NGT). After the former
Chairperson Justice A.K Goel retired. After the former Chairperson Justice A.K Goel retired in July, Justice Sheo
T
Kumar Singh was appointed as the Acting Chairperson. Justice Srivastav Enrolled as Advocate on February 2, 1987.
He Practised on Tax, Civil and Constitutional sides in the Supreme Court of India at New Delhi. He was later
appointed as a Judge of the High Court of Madhya Pradesh on January 18, 2008 and became a permanent Judge on
January 15, 2010.
 Justice Shrivastava was born on March 31, 1961.In the year 1987, he was enrolled as an advocate and practiced in tax,
civil, and constitutional law, at the Supreme Court. Later, he was appointed as an additional judge at the Madhya
Pradesh High Court on January 18, 2008 before being made permanent on January 15, 2010. Subsequently, Justice
Shrivastava served as the Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court from October 11, 2021 till his retirement on March 30,
2023. 2Q4O4S4R7S tr-5M7T
Sachin Tendulkar recognised as 'national icon' of Election Commission of India

 Former Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar will become a “national icon” of the Election Commission (EC) and
spread awareness regarding the need for greater voter participation in the electoral process. The poll body will sign
a Memorandum of Understanding with Mr. Tendulkar in the national capital on Wednesday. It will be a three-year
agreement as part of which the cricketing legend will spread voter awareness.
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 The EC’s decision to appoint Tendulkar as its national icon is a significant step towards encouraging greater voter
participation in India. Tendulkar’s popularity and influence among the youth make him a powerful force for good,
and he is sure to make a positive impact on the electoral process.
 This collaboration will mark a significant step towards leveraging Mr. Tendulkar’s unparalleled impact with the
youth for increasing voters’ participation in the forthcoming elections, especially in General Elections 2024, the EC
said in a statement. Through this partnership, the EC aims to bridge the gap between citizens, especially youth and
urban populations, and the electoral process thereby, trying to address the challenges of urban and youth apathy,
it said.
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Infosys onboards tennis player Iga Świątek as global brand ambassador
 In a groundbreaking move that further bridges the worlds of sports and technology, Infosys, a global leader in
consulting and digital services, has announced a multi-year partnership with women’s tennis World No. 1, Iga
Swiatek. The collaboration establishes Swiatek as the global brand ambassador for Infosys, with a key focus on
promoting Digital Innovation and inspiring women worldwide.
 This announcement comes on the heels of Infosys signing tennis legend Rafael Nadal for the same prestigious role,
solidifying the company’s commitment to both tennis excellence and technological advancement.
 Central to this partnership is the strategic alignment between Infosys and Swiatek’s team to create a cutting-edge
data analytics and video dashboard powered by artificial intelligence (AI). The ultimate goal is to enhance Swiatek’s
training regimen by leveraging AI insights, amplifying her strengths, and devising precise match strategies. Drawing
parallels between the data-driven approach in tennis and the strategies adopted by Infosys’ clients, the partnership
signifies a mutual commitment to harnessing digital technologies for optimal performance.
Infosys signs tennis legend Rafael Nadal as brand ambassador

 Infosys announces a three-year partnership with global tennis icon Rafael Nadal, appointing him as the brand
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ambassador and the face of Infosys’ Digital Innovation.This partnership not only marks a milestone for Nadal but
also signifies Infosys’ dedication to transforming the tennis landscape through cutting-edge technologies.
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.
 At the heart of this collaboration lies the creation of a match analysis tool infused with the power of artificial
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intelligence. This personalized tool is set to offer real-time insights to Nadal’s coaching team, enabling them to
simultaneously track data from his live matches during his return to the tour. The tool will merge this live data with
historical match information, facilitating a comprehensive analysis that will undoubtedly enhance Nadal’s
performance strategy.
AWARDS & RECOGNITION

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Industrialist Ratan Tata To Be Conferred With Maharashtra’s First ‘Udyog Ratna’
 The Maharashtra government has decided to celebrate Ratan Tata, the Tata group’s former Chairman, with the
inaugural Maharashtra Udyog Ratna
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Award.
4S4R 7S
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Uday Samant, the state industries minister, revealed this significant
honour during a session of the State Legislative Assembly
 Following in the footsteps of the Maharashtra Bhushan award, the highest state honour bestowed upon remarkable
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persons, the Maharashtra government has decided to institute the renowned Udyog Ratna Award beginning this
year. Tata will be the first recipient of this honour.
 About: The Maharashtra Udyog Ratna Award - The ‘Udyog Ratna’ award is a state-level award given to individuals
who have made outstanding contributions to the industrial sector of Maharashtra. Ratan Tata is being awarded the
award for his contributions to the growth and development of the Tata Group, which is one of the largest
conglomerates in India.
PM Narendra Modi to be conferred with Lokmanya Tilak National Award in Pune
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi will be on a day-long visit to Pune in Maharashtra today. He will flag off Metro trains
marking inauguration of services on completed sections of thetr-5M two
7T2Q 4O4S4R7S of Pune Metro Phase I. Mr. Modi will
corridors
also be conferred the Lokmanya Tilak National Award for his outstanding contributions towards the progress of the
country. Prime Minister will begin his Pune visit by performing Darshan and Pooja at Dagdusheth Mandir.
 Prime Minister will be honored with the Lokmanya Tilak award by Deepak Tilak, President of Tilak Smarak Mandir
Trust. The Award was instituted in 1983 by the Tilak Smarak Mandir Trust and is given every year on 1st August ,
the death anniversary of Lokmanya Tilak, to persons who have made remarkable contributions, for development of
4B4A7B
the nation. Prime Minister will offer floral tributes at the statue of4GLokmanya
tr-5I7G2I Tilak. Mr. Modi will also flag off
Metro trains marking inauguration of services on completed sections of the two corridors of Pune Metro. The
foundation of this project was laid by the Prime Minister himself in 2016.
Indian real estate entrepreneur Subhash Runwal receives the Lifetime Achievement Award at the RICS South
Asia Awards
 Subhash Runwal, Chairman of Runwal, a leading real estate developer with a legacy of over four decades, has been
recognized with the Lifetime Achievement Award at the first-ever RICS South Asia Awards. RICS (Royal Institution
of Chartered Surveyors) is a global industry body representing professionals across the country.
 Hosting its first-ever awards, it aimed to recognize global and Indian industry-leading achievements and
demonstrate the upholding of the highest standards of professionalism and ethics by individuals and teams across
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built and natural environments. This recognition is a testimony to Runwal’s exceptional contributions, outstanding
achievements, and unwavering dedication to the real estate sector.
IFFM 2023 full winners list: Pathaan, Rani Mukerji, Sita Ramam win top honours
 The Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM) Awards once again took center stage, honouring the finest cinematic
gems from the Indian film industry. The 14th Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM) Awards were held in
Melbourne, Australia, on 11 August, honouring the best of film and OTT content from India globally.
 Filmmaker Karan Johar was honoured for completing 25 years in the Indian film industry as a Filmmaker. He
received a huge round of applause for his immense contributions in the field of entertainment.
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Union Home Minister Amit Shah hails the team of NAFIS of NCRB for winning Gold Award
 Union Home Minister Amit Shah congratulated the team of National Automated
tr-5I7G2I4G 4B4A7B Fingerprint Identification System
(NAFIS) of the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for securing the Gold Award in the Excellence in
Government Process Re-engineering for Digital Transformation Category-1.
 The accolade, conferred by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), stands as
a testament to the exceptional efforts of the NAFIS team in achieving a new standard of efficient governance. The
Gold Award recognizes NAFIS for its commitment to crafting an impregnable fingerprint identification system,
aligning with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision for a secure India.
 The Ministry of Home Affairs underscored NAFIS’s pivotal role in revolutionizing the landscape of fingerprint
identification systems within crime control. The establishment of a central database containing fingerprints of
criminals accessible to users across all States, Union Territories, and Central Agencies has significantly augmented
the efficiency and effectiveness of criminal detection and investigation processes.
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President approves 76 Gallantry awards including four Kirti Chakras, 11 Shaurya Chakras to Armed Forces and
CAPF personnel
 President Smt Droupadi Murmu has given her approval for 76 Gallantry awards to members of the Armed Forces
and Central Armed Police Forces on the occasion of Independence Day 2023. Among these honors are four Kirti
Chakra awards (awarded posthumously), 11 Shaurya Chakra awards (including five posthumous), two Bar to Sena
Medals (Gallantry), 52 Sena Medals (Gallantry), three Nao Sena Medals (Gallantry), and four Vayu Sena Medals
(Gallantry).
 Additionally, the President has sanctioned 30 Mention-in-Despatches awards to Army personnel, including a
posthumous award for Army dog Madhu, and one for an Air Force member. These recognitions acknowledge their
significant contributions in various military operations, such as Operation Rakshak, Operation Snow Leopard,
Operation Casualty Evacuation, Operation Mount Chomo, Operation Pangsau Pass, Operation Meghdoot,
Operation Orchid, Operation Kalisham Valley, Rescue Operation, and Operation Evacuation.
Following is the list of Gallantry awards approved by the President:
KIRTI CHAKRA
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S No Name and Rank Service Award
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1 Late Shri Dilip Kumar Das Insp/GD CRPF (Posthumous)
2 Late Shri Raj Kumar Yadava HC/GD CRPF (Posthumous)
3
4
Late Shri Bablu Rabha
Late Shri Sambhu Roy
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Constable/GD
Constable C/GD
CRPF (Posthumous)
CRPF (Posthumous)
SHAURYA CHAKRA
S No Name and Rank
r an Service Award
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5M7T2Q4O
IC-76052K Major Vijaytr-Verma
IC-76877P Major Vikas Bhambhu, Sena Medal p 4S4R7S The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The Rashtriya
Rifles
Army
3
4
2
5
(Posthumous)
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IC-79120X Major Sachin Negi
SC-00905H Major Rajendra Prasad Jat

252 Army Aviation Squadron
IC-81741P Major Mustafa Bohara (Posthumous) 252 Army Aviation Squadron

The Grenadiers, 55th Battalion, The Rashtriya Rifles
The Dogra Regiment, 62nd Battalion, The Rashtriya
Rifles
Army
Army
Army
Army
The Armoured Corps, 44th Battalion, The Rashtriya

6 SC-00971L Major Ravinder Singh Rawat Army
Rifles
16013482F Hav Vivek Singh Tomar 4S4R7S
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7 5th Battalion, The Rajputana Rifles Army
(Posthumous)
The Rajputana Rifles, 9th Battalion, The Rashtriya
8 16022160H Naik Bhim Singh Army
Rifles
13779235X Rifleman Kulbushan Manta The Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, 52nd Battalion, The
9 Army
(Posthumous) Rashtriya Rifles 4A7B
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Late Shri Saifullah Qadri, Sg. Constable (Now
10 J&K Police MHA
Posthumous)
11 Shri Gamit Mukesh Kumar, Constable 61 CRPF – MHA
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BAR TO SENA MEDAL (GALLANTRY)
12th Battalion, The Parachute Regiment (Special
1 IC-76180F Major Nitish Tyagi, Sena Medal Army
Forces)
IC-80201K Major A Ranjith Kumar, Sena
2 The Parachute Regiment, High Altitude Warfare School Army
Medal
SENA MEDAL (GALLANTRY)

IC-64244P Lieutenant Colonel
1 523 Intelligence and Field Security Unit Army
Yogesh Kumar Sati
IC-71048X Lieutenant Colonel The Grenadiers, 29th Battalion, The
2 Army
m
Dhruv Rajan Rashtriya Rifles
o
IC-74633H Major Abhimanyu The Armoured Corps, 22nd Battalion, The
3 Army
Repswal Rashtriya Rifles
5
IC-75393H Major Neikhotso Secu
Angami
IC-76219H Major Vikas Giri

3rd Battalion, The 8th Gorkha Rifles
The Parachute Regiment, 50th Battalion,
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Army
e
The Rashtriya Rifles
The Grenadiers, 55th Battalion, The
k
6 IC-77779F Major Abhishek Tyagi Army
Rashtriya Rifles
8
IC-78013K Major Borawake Apoorv
Suhas
IC-78151L Major Aashish Dhonchak
r an The Corps of Engineers, 3rd Battalion, The

Rashtriya Rifles
The Sikh Light Infantry, 19th Battalion,
Army
Army
p
4O4S4R 7S
9 IC-78779N Major Navdeep Goswami
tr-5M7T2Q 6th Battalion, The Jat Regiment Army
10
11
12
Jamwal
To
IC-79029F Major Rishabh Negi
IC-80202M Major Sanjay Singh
IC-80568K Major Abhishek Katoch

The Corps of Engineers, 3rd Battalion, The
Rashtriya Rifles
4th Battalion, The Parachute Regiment
(Special Forces)
5th Battalion, The Rajput Regiment
Army
Army
Army
13 IC-81592M Major Saurabh Kumar 15th Battalion, The Kumaon Regiment Army
The Brigade of the Guards, 50th Battalion,
14 IC-81775H Major Ranjit Kumar Army
15 IC-83008H Major Santosh Kumar 11 Gorkha Rifles, 1 Sikkim Scouts Battalion
4O4S4R7S
Army
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IC-83108N Major Rishabh Kumar
16 9th Battalion, The Dogra Regiment Army
Nashine
17 IC-85077X Major Ronish Kumar 19th Battalion, The Punjab Regiment Army
SC-00943Y Major Dhumal Rohan The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The
18 Army
Shahaji Rashtriya Rifles
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The Corps of Engineers, 30 (Independent)
19 SS-46282H Major Maanas Narla Army
Reconnaissance and Observation Flight
20 SS-46286Y Major Jaiveer Yadav 2nd Battalion, The Bihar Regiment Army
SS-48532X Major Thakre Akash
21 61 Engineer Regiment Army
Ashok
22 SS-48926W Major Vikas Lamba 12th Battalion, The Mahar Regiment Army
The Rajputana Rifles, 9th Battalion, The
23 IC-82947Y Captain Aayush Chauhan Army
Rashtriya Rifles
24 IC-85483X Captain Saurabh Gupta Army
(Special Forces)
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The Corps of Signals, 34th Battalion, The
25 SS-50195M Captain Chetan Singh Army
Rashtriya Rifles
26 JC-247925L Risaldar Sanjay Kumar 55 Armoured Regiment Army
JC-551984N Naib Subedar Dipti
27 5th Battalion, The Assam Regiment Army
Kumar Hazwari
The Jat Regiment, 34th Battalion, The
28 3202898H Havildar Manoj Kumar Army
Rashtriya Rifles
The Dogra Regiment, 62nd Battalion, The
29 4008286N Havildar Arun Kumar Army
Rashtriya Rifles
The Kumaon Regiment, 50th Battalion,
30 4193965P Havildar Ranveer Singh Army
4199936W Havildar Pradeep Kumar
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31 15th Battalion, The Kumaon Regiment Army
Singh
32 13630562K Naik Sovindra Kumar

(Special Forces)
The Corps of Engineers, 3rd Battalion, The
.c o Army
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33 18005135A Naik Dharmvir Army
Rashtriya Rifles
34 19002538L Naik Hardeep Singh 24th Battalion, The Sikh Regiment Army
35 2706631X Naik Munish Kumar

Rashtriya Rifles
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The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The
36 3012008F Naik Satyendra Singh Army
Rashtriya Rifles
37
38
3012377Y Naik Khemchand
4486359P Naik Harjinder Singh

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5th Battalion, The Rajput Regiment
The Sikh Light Infantry, 19th Battalion,
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Army
Army
39
40
41
To
9114169H Naik Rafiq Ahmad Mir
20004865Y Lance Naik Abhishek
3018169A Lance
Choudhary
The Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry,
50th Battalion, The Rashtriya Rifles
Rashtriya Rifles
Naik Sanwra The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The
Rashtriya Rifles
Army
Army
Army

42 20007762L Sepoy Yashwant Singh Army
Rashtriya Rifles
43 2518207X Sepoy Akashdeep Singh 18th Battalion, The Punjab Regiment Army
The Rajput Regiment, 44th 4S4R7S
2Q4OBattalion, The
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44 3016460N Sepoy Sateram Army
Rashtriya Rifles
3018182K Sepoy Lakshmi Narayan The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The
45 Army
Adhana Rashtriya Rifles
The Rajput Regiment, 44th Battalion, The
46 3018252X Sepoy Dhan Singh Gurjar Army
Rashtriya Rifles 4A7B
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The Jat Regiment, 34th Battalion, The
47 3211310X Sepoy Vikash Army
Rashtriya Rifles
12975042N Rifleman Shaheen Husain
48 162 Infantry Battalion (Territorial Army) Army
Gan
The Armoured Corps, 22nd Battalion, The
49 15511217Y Sowar Ravi Sharma Army
Rashtriya Rifles
The Corps of Engineers, 44th Battalion,
50 16123961L Sapper Vishal Yadav Army
51 2713315F Grenadier Salim Khan Army
Rashtriya Rifles
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The Regiment of Artillery, 19th Battalion,
52 15251500W Gunner Ramalingam K Army
NAO SENA MEDAL (GALLANTRY)

S No Name and Rank Service
1 Lieutenant Commander Paneerselvam Vishnu Prasanna (08495-F) Navy
2 Commander Kaustab Banerjee (06158-W) Navy
3 Commander Hanish Singh Karki (05093-Z) Navy
VAYU SENA MEDAL (GALLANTRY)

S No Name and Rank Service
1 Wing Commander Shiv Kumar Chauhan (28472) Flying (Pilot) Air Force
2
3
Wing Commander Shrey Tomar (30170) Flying (Pilot)
Squadron Leader GL Vineeth (31529) Flying (Pilot)
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Air Force
.
4 Flight Lieutenant Pradeep Murugan (36071) MET/GARUD Air Force
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Raj Chetty an Indian-American economist awarded top Harvard University prize
 Raj Chetty, an Indian-American economist, and Michael Springer, a biologist, have been awarded Harvard
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University’s George Ledlie Prize for their groundbreaking work in their respective fields.
 Chetty, a professor of economics at Harvard University, is known for his work on economic mobility. He has used
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big data to study the factors that influence a person’s ability to move up the economic ladder. His research has
shown that the American Dream is not as attainable as many people believe, and that there are significant obstacles
that prevent people from achieving upward mobility.
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 Springer, a professor of systems biology at Harvard Medical School, is known for his work on developing new
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diagnostic tests. He was instrumental in developing a faster and more accurate COVID-19 test, which has helped to
2Q4O4S4R7SHe also helped to design and operate the new Harvard University Clinical
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improve the fight against the7Tpandemic.
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Laboratory (HUCL), which has managed testing and samples for the university community.
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Ratan Tata conferred Maharashtra's first Udyog Ratna award
 Eminent industrialist Ratan Tata was conferred with the first ever ‘Udyog Ratna’ award instituted by the
Maharashtra government. The award was presented to the 85-year-old chairman emeritus of Tata Sons by Chief
Minister Eknath Shinde and Deputy Cheif Ministers Devendra Fadnavis and Ajit Pawar at the industrialist’s home
in Colaba in south Mumbai.
 The contribution of the Tata group in all sectors is immense. The steel-to-salt group operates in more than 100
countries across six continents. In 2021-22, the collective revenue of Tata companies stood at $128 billion. The
honour comprised a shawl, a citation and a memento from the Maharashtra 4R7S Industrial Development Corporation
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(MIDC). The award comprises a shawl, a citation, and atr-memento. It is presented by the Chief Minister of
Maharashtra.
BOOK & AUTHOR

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Kargil: Ek Yatri Ki Jubani” a book by Rishi Raj tr-5I7G2I4G4B
 Ajay Bhatt, Minister of State (MoS), Ministry of Defence (MoD), released the book and illustrations titled “Kargil:
Ek Yatri Ki Jubani” (Hindi Edition) authored by Rishi Raj at the Constitution Club of India, New Delhi, Delhi. The
book which pays tribute to the Martyrs of Kargil War was published by Prabhat Prakashan.
 About: Rishi Raj - Rishi Raj has authored as many as 21 books, out of which four bagged the Rahul The event was
graced by Subedar Major (Then Rifleman) Sanjay Kumar, who was awarded Param Vir Chakra in the Kargil War.
Sankrityayan Award from the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India (GoI).
 Kargil War also refered as “Operation Vijay” was fought between India and Pakistan from May to July 1999 to 26th
July 1999 in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir(J&K). July 26th has been observed as ‘Kargil Vijay Diwas’,
which annually commemorates the sacrifices made by soldiers in this war.
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A new book “How Prime Ministers Decide”, by veteran journalist Neerja Chowdhury released
A new book, titled How Prime Ministers Decide, by veteran journalist Neerja Chowdhury recalls the drama that led to
Sonia’s announcement, prompted by Rahul’s “fear for his mother’s life”. A new book also claimed that former Prime
Minister Indira Gandhi had good relations with several RSS leaders but carefully kept a distance between the
organisation and herself.
The author analyses the operating styles of the country’s prime ministers through the prism of six decisions of historic
significance. These are as follows: the strategy that Indira Gandhi devised to return to power in 1980, after her
humiliating defeat post the Emergency in 1977; the errors of judgment that led Rajiv Gandhi to undo the Supreme
Court’s judgment in the Shah Bano case; V. P. Singh’s implementation of the Mandal Commission Report to save his
government which forever changed the face of contemporary politics;
How Prime Ministers Decide is an unparalleled book about modern Indian politics which will change the way we view
how prime ministers govern the country.
Indian Poet-Diplomat Abhay Kumar Unveils "Monsoon

 Indian ¬poet ¬diplomat Abhay Kumar (Abhay K), Deputy Director General of Indian Council of Cultural Relations
(ICCR), launched his new book titled “Monsoon: A Poem of Love and Longing”, a book¬length poem running across
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150 fourline stanzas, at Kathika Culture Centre in Old Delhi, Delhi. The book was published by Sahitya Akademi on
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the occasion of its 68th anniversary (13th March 2022). The book is a poem that follows the monsoon which
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originates from Madagascar and travels to the Srinagar in the Himalayas and back to Madagascar.
 In the preface to Monsoon: A Poem of Love and Longing, the poet traces how he came to write a love poem that
connects India and Madagascar. One of Abhay K’s books is a translation of Kalidasa’s Meghaduta into English. So,
Goa governor Sreedharan Pillai releases three books on trees, nature, geopolitics
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this preoccupation with topos – topography, so to say – remains firmly in the poet’s oeuvre.
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 Goa governor PS Sreedharan Pillai released three books at a function held at the Raj Bhavan. His recently authored
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three new books namely ‘Heritage Trees of Goa’, ‘When Parallel Lines Meet’, and ‘Ente Priya Kavithakal‘ (‘My Dear
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Poems’ a collection of poems). Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant inaugurated the event in Panaji, Goa. West Bengal
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governor CV Ananda Bose unveiled the book ‘Heritage Trees of Goa’, while Goa chief minister Pramod Sawant
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inaugurated the event. Goa tr-
state
5M7Tminister tourism Rohan Khaunte and Jnanpith winner Damodar Mauzo released
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two other books: ‘When Parallel Lines Meet’ and ‘Ente Priya Kavitakal’.
India Tamil monsoon festival 'Aadi Perukku'

IMPORTANT DAY
Aadi Perukku is celebrated on August 3rd, coinciding with the 18th day of the Tamil month of Aadi. Traditionally
observed in late July or early August, this festivity centers around expressing gratitude to water bodies, as the entire
month of Aadi is considered to herald the onset of the monsoon season.
The Tamil Cultural community celebrates Aadi Perukku, also known as Pathinettam Perukku, as an auspicious festival
to honor the monsoon season and the fertility of the soil. tr-5M7T2Q4O
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Aadi Perukku is a monsoon festival celebrated in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, that occurs on the 18th day
of the Tamil month of Aadi. This joyous event revolves around promoting water sustainability and encompasses a
variety of rituals and customs. Families unite to prepare special delicacies and partake in a lavish feast, expressing
gratitude to the water deities for a prosperous year ahead.
An intriguing facet of the Aadi Perukku celebration is the veneration of Goddess Parvati, with women offering prayers
to both her and the divine.The festivities also showcase an arraytr-of 2I4G4B4A7Bdishes, including traditional favorites
rice-based
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such as tamarind rice and curd rice, complemented by the delightful sweetness of Pongal.
Ninth edition of Malabar River Festival opens in Kerala

 In Kerala, the ninth edition of the Malabar River Festival opens at Thusharagiri in Kozhikode this morning August
4 . The three-day event, organised by the Kerala Adventure Tourism Promotion Society and the Kozhikode District
Tourism Promotion Council will be held at Iruvanjhipuzha and Chalipuzha rivers at Thusharagiri.
 Besides Indian Kayakers, paddlers from ten countries including the US, UK, Israel, Kazakhstan and South Africa are
participating in the event. The competition will be held in Kayak Slalom, Boardercross and Down River events. The
National Whitewater Kayaking Championship will also be held as part of the Malabar River Festival this year.
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National Handloom Day: India
 National Handloom Day is observed across India on August 7 every year. The primary goal of celebrating Handloom
Day is to promote the handloom and to recognise the efforts as well as skills of the community of weavers engaged
in the sector.
 History - The National Handloom Day was first observed in 2015 which was inaugurated by the Prime Minister
Narendra Modi. The day was initiated with the objective of spreading awareness about the importance of the
handloom sector.
 August 7 was chosen for celebrating National Handloom Day to commemorate the launch of the Swadeshi
Movement on the same day in 1905 in Calcutta (now Kolkata). The movement was then led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak,
Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai.
 The Swadeshi Movement was initiated to improve the usage of India-made goods which prominently involved
handlooms. This movement also played a major role in Independence of the country during British Rule.
National Javelin Day: India
 August 7 is celebrated as National Javelin Day in India. The Athletics Federation of India, the apex body for the
athletics in India, took the decision to celebrate August 7 as the National Javelin Day to commemorate Neeraj
Chopra's historic gold medal during the Tokyo Olympics.
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 It was on August 7 2021, that Chopra hurled javelin at a distance of 87.58m during the men's Javelin Throw final of
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the Tokyo Games to win the gold medal. Chopra scripted history as it was India's first-ever gold medal in Track and
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Field events in Olympics. With the gold medal at Tokyo, Chopra also became the second individual gold medalist
from India after Abhinav Bindra's gold-medal winning performance at the 2008 Beijing Games.
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PM Narendra Modi participated in 9th National Handloom Day celebration today in New Delhi
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi participated in the 9th National Handloom Day celebration today Bharat
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Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, Delhi. During the programme, Mr Modi also launch the e-portal of 'Bhartiya Vastra
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evam Shilp Kosh'- a Repository of Textiles and Crafts that has been developed by the National Institute of Fashion
Technology NIFT.
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 In a tweet, Mr Modi underlined the significance of the occasion in reinforcing the nation's dedication to promote
 The programmel was attended by over

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indigenous textiles and handlooms in line with the 'Vocal For Local' initiative
handloom and khadi weavers, artisans and stakeholders from the textile
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and MSME sectors. It bring handloom clusters across India, NIFT campuses,
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World Nagasaki Day
 Nagasaki Day, observed annually on August 9th, holds a somber significance in global history. It marks the day
when the Japanese city of Nagasaki was devastated by an atomic bomb during World War II. This day serves as a
reminder of the immense destructive power of nuclear weapons and the need for lasting peace. Japan’s Nagasaki on
Wednesday marked the 78th anniversary of the US atomic bombing.
 As World War II raged on, the United States, along with its allies, sought to end the conflict with Japan. The decision
to use atomic bombs was driven by the desire to expedite Japan’s surrender and avoid a protracted, costly invasion.
 The First Atomic Bomb: Hiroshima, another Japanese city, became the first target of an atomic bomb on August 6,
1945. The destruction caused by the bomb prompted global shock and horror,
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4S4R7S leading to calls for Japan’s surrender.
 The Fateful Day: On August 9, 1945, a second atomic bomb, codenamed “Fat Man,” was dropped on Nagasaki. The
bomb detonated above the city, causing widespread devastation and loss of life.
International Day Of The World’s Indigenous Peoples

 Annually, on August 9th, the world observes World Tribal Day, dedicated to advocating for and safeguarding the
rights of indigenous populations. 4A7B
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 It's a day to recognize their valuable contributions and accomplishments that have enhanced global living
conditions.
 Also referred to as World Indigenous Day or International Day of World's Indigenous People, this occasion offers a
prime opportunity to actively work towards safeguarding the fundamental rights of tribal communities worldwide.
 History - In December 1994, the United Nations General Assembly decided that the International Day of the World’s
Indigenous Peoples should be observed on August 9th each year. The date was chosen in recognition of the first
meeting of the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations of the Sub-Commission on the Promotion and
Protection of Human Rights held in Geneva in 1982.
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World Elephant Day 2023: 12th August
 World Elephant Day, observed globally on August 12, is a significant event dedicated to raising awareness about the
pressing challenges faced by elephants and advocating for their protection and conservation. This observance serves
as a vital platform to highlight issues such as habitat loss, ivory poaching, human-elephant conflicts, and the urgent
need for improved conservation efforts.
 This occasion aims to promote the importance of safeguarding these magnificent creatures for future generations
and to encourage actions that contribute to their welfare and survival. It’s a day to appreciate the vital role elephants
play in maintaining ecosystems, as well as to support organizations and initiatives that work towards their
preservation. From date to history here is everything you need to know about this day.
International Youth Day 2023: 12th August

 Every year, on the 12th of August, the global community comes together to celebrate International Youth Day. This
annual occasion serves as a dedicated day of awareness and action, recognized by the United Nations (UN), to
address pertinent issues affecting the world’s youth population.
 The roots of International Youth Day can be traced back to 1965 when the United Nations General Assembly
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initiated a deliberate focus on the younger generation. By endorsing the Declaration on the Promotion among Youth
of the Ideals of Peace, Mutual Respect, and Understanding between Peoples, the UN marked the inception of its
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commitment to empowering youth.
 This effort involved allocating time and resources to nurture emerging leaders and equip them to meet the evolving
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needs of the global community.
Partition Horrors Remembrance Day 2023
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 India observed Partition Horrors Remembrance Day to remember the victims of the 1947 violence that accompanied
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the country’s partition. The day was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2021 to commemorate the
sufferings of millions of people who were displaced and lost their loved ones during the partition. The day was
 In a speech on Sunday, tr-Modi

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observed with a number of events across India. In New Delhi, a candlelight vigil was held at the India Gate war
memorial. In Punjab, a special exhibition was organized to showcase the stories of partition survivors. And in
Kolkata, a blood donation camp was organized to mark the day.
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said that the partition was a “dark chapter” in India’s history and that the country
must never forget the “horrors” that were inflicted on its people. He urged Indians to “remove the poison of social
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divisions” and to “strengthen the spirit of oneness” in order to prevent such a tragedy from happening again.
 Partition Horrors Remembrance Day is a reminder of the dark side of history. But it is also a day to remember the
resilience and courage of the people who survived the violence. It is a day to reflect on the importance of peace and
harmony, and to rededicate ourselves to building a better future for all.
Pakistan Independence Day 2023:14th August

 Pakistan’s Independence Day, observed annually on August 14th, marks a significant milestone in history. On this
day in 1947, the British Indian Empire underwent a division, leading to the emergence of two independent states,
India and Pakistan. Pakistan’s journey to sovereignty, under the7Tastute leadership
4S4R 7S of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad
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Ali Jinnah, culminated after seven years of determined struggle. As the 14th of August aligns with a Monday this
year, the celebrations take on added significance, offering an extended weekend for enthusiastic participation in
various festive events and activities.
 The Indian subcontinent, once a single vast region encompassing present-day Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh,
witnessed conflicts and Hindu-Muslim tensions following the introduction of Islam. The aftermath of the War of
Independence in 1857 gave rise to ideologies aimed at safeguarding the rights
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4A7B of the Muslim minority.
 In 1906, the All-India Muslim League was established, advocating for a separate state for Muslims. Notably, on
October 1 of the same year, a committee of 36 Muslim leaders presented this demand to the viceroy of India in
Simla. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, a prominent lawyer and politician, later emerged as the driving force behind
Pakistan’s creation. He led the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan’s eventual independence.
International Left-Handers Day 2023:13th August

 International Left-Handers Day, observed annually on August 13th, is a global celebration that recognizes and
appreciates the diverse skills, talents, and viewpoints of left-handed individuals. The day highlights the distinctive
contributions left-handers make across various domains, from art and science to sports and daily life, emphasizing
the value of diversity.
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 International Left-Handers Day 2023 is dedicated to commemorating the uniqueness of left-handed people
worldwide. It raises awareness about the achievements and challenges faced by left-handers, fostering inclusiveness
and empathy in a predominantly right-handed world. With only around 10% of the global population being left-
handed, this occasion serves as an opportunity to honor and celebrate our left-handed friends and family members.
 The theme for International Left-Handers Day 2023 revolves around “Left-Handers in Sports.” This theme
acknowledges and pays tribute to the numerous left-handed sports icons who have excelled in their respective
fields. Renowned figures like Diego Maradona, Pele, and Lionel Messi exemplify exceptional left-handed athletes in
the realm of football.
World Organ Donation Day 2023: 13th August

 World Organ Donation Day 2023 is observed on August 13, 2023. It is a global event that is observed to raise
awareness about the importance of organ donation and to encourage people to become organ donors.
 Organ donation is the process of giving an organ or tissue to someone else who needs it to survive or improve their
quality of life. Organs that can be donated include kidneys, livers, hearts, lungs, pancreases, and intestines. Tissues
that can be donated include corneas, skin, bone, heart valves, and tendons.
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 There are currently over 100,000 people in the United States waiting for an organ transplant. Every day, 22 people
die while waiting for a transplant. In India, there are over 5 lakh people waiting for an organ transplant.
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 The theme for World Organ Donation Day 2023 is “Step up to volunteer; need more organ donors to fill the lacunae”.
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 By becoming an organ donor, you can save the lives of others. Please consider becoming an organ donor today.
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Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s Death Anniversary:16th August
 As the nation observed the solemn occasion of the death anniversary of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee,
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leaders from various political backgrounds and affiliations converged at the ‘Sadaiv Atal’ memorial in Delhi. Vice
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President Jagdeep Dhankhar, Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Nitin Gadkari, Rajya Sabha Deputy
Chairman Harivansh, Praful Patel, Arjun Ram Meghwal, Union Minister, Anupriya Patel and HAM’s Jitan Ram also
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paid tribute to the Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Former PM Atal Bihari’s foster daughter Namita Kaur Bhattacharya pays
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floral tribute at ‘Saidav Atal’ on his death anniversary.
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Parsi New Year 2023: 16th August
 The Parsi New Year, also referred to as Navroz or Nowruz, is a joyous occasion celebrated between July and August,
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this year Parsi New Year marked on 16th August. Rooted in the Persian words ‘Nav and ‘Roz’, which means ‘new
day’, this cherished festival has a rich history spanning over 3,000 years.
 While the global celebration of Navroz aligns with the Spring Equinox on March 21, the Parsi community in India
follows the Shahenshahi calendar. This unique calendar doesn’t consider leap years, resulting in a shift of
celebration by 200 days from the original date.
 The festival roots are linked to Zorostrianism, which is among the world’s oldest beliefs in one god. It started more
than 3,500 years ago in ancient Iran when a wise person named Prophet Zarathustra shared this faith. The happiness
of Zorostrianism lasted until 1,400 years ago when a religion called Islam started spreading in the 7th century.
Because of this change, many Zorostrianism left their homes in Iran and went
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places, a group called Parsis formed and found safety.
World Photography Day 2023: 19th August

 World Photography Day, observed annually on August 19, marks the celebration of photography’s rich history and
its role as both an art form and a scientific achievement. This day commemorates the invention of the
daguerreotype, an early photographic process developed by Louis Daguerre
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7B1837, which paved the way for modern
photography.
 World Photography Day highlights photography as a legitimate form of art, encouraging photographers to
experiment with different techniques, compositions and styles. It encourages people to appreciate the power of
photography in telling stories, capturing emotions and preserving memories.
 It is a day to discuss the technical aspects of photography, advancements in equipment and the evolution of
photographic techniques when photographers and enthusiasts often share their favourite photos, stories behind
the images and insights into their creative process.
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Sadbhavana Diwas 2023: 20th August
 Sadbhavana Diwas, also known as Harmony Day, is an annual celebration observed on 20th August in India. 20th
August 2023 marks the 79th birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. This day commemorates the
birthday of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, a visionary leader who championed the cause of national
integration, peace and public harmony among the diverse population of India.
 The term “Sadbhavana” in English refers to “goodwill and bonafide”. Being the youngest Prime Minister, Rajiv
Gandhi’s thought process was modern and different from others. He had the vision of a developed nation via many
national as well as international projects that he pioneered. The main theme of Sadbhavana Diwas is to promote
national integration and communal harmony among people of all religions and languages.
 Rajiv Gandhi, born on 20th August 1944, is the former Prime Minister of India. He held office from 1984-1989 and
made significant contributions to the development of the country. He introduced several progressive policies aimed
at modernizing India’s education system and economy. Some of his notable achievements include:
World Mosquito Day 2023: 20th August

 Every year, World Mosquito Day is celebrated on August 20. This is done to commemorate the contributions of
British doctor Sir Ronald Ross who was the first person to discover the connection between malaria and female
anopheline mosquitoes. Every year, World Mosquito Day is celebrated to create awareness about the dangers of
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mosquitoes, the ways by which we can protect ourselves from these diseases, and to rise together to combat these
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insects. As we gear up to celebrate this day, here are a few facts to keep in mind.
 This day is also observed by raising awareness about the dangers of these diseases. Fundraising is done to explore
the cure for malaria. The works of scientists such as Ronald Ross and others are also applauded on this day.
International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism 2023:21st August
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 The International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism is observed annually on August 21.
Terrorism, on 21 August 2023.
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This is the sixth commemoration of the International Day of Remembrance of and Tribute to the Victims of
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 The International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism was established by the United
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Nations General Assembly in its resolution 72/165 of 20 December 2017. The resolution was adopted by consensus,
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tr-5M7T2Q4Ocommitment to combating terrorism and supporting its victims.
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reflecting the strong international
 The day was chosen to commemorate the bombing of the United Nations headquarters in Baghdad, Iraq, on August
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21, 2003, which killed 22 people, including Sergio Vieira de Mello, the United Nations High Commissioner for
Human Rights.
 The International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism is a day to remember and honor
the victims and survivors of terrorism. It is also a day to reaffirm the international community’s commitment to
combating terrorism and to promoting and protecting the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all people.
World Water Week 2023: 20 to 24 August

 World Water Week is a global event which is organised by the Stockholm International Water Institute every year
since 1991. The programme will be held from August 20 to 24 at 7T the Waterfront
4S4R7S Congress Center. It is a non-profit
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event which aims to develop solutions for the international water crisis (alongside several other problems). Water
is one of the most essential gifts of nature that we require in our daily lives. From drinking to cleaning, water serves
multiple purposes in our lives. Hence, it becomes equally important for us to conserve it.
 The theme, Seeds of Change: Innovative Solutions for a Water-Wise World, invites a rethink of how water is
managed, and urges consideration of the ideas, innovations, and governance systems that are needed in an
increasingly unstable and water scarce world. tr-5I7G2I4G4B
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International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition 23rd August 2023
 International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition is observed on August 23. It
commemorates the day when an uprising began in Saint Domingue, now called Haiti, on August 23, 1791, against
the slave trade. Haiti was a French settlement and a centre of the slave trade across Europe. The uprising led to a
revolution against the rulers of the country.
 2023 Theme: “Fighting slavery’s legacy of racism through transformative education”
 The International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition is an important day to remember
the victims of the slave trade and to reaffirm our commitment to fighting racism and discrimination. It is also a day
to celebrate the progress that has been made and to recommit ourselves to building a more just and equitable world.
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International Dog Day 2023: 26th August
 International Dog Day, observed on August 26th every year, is a heartwarming tribute to our furry companions who
enrich our lives with their unwavering devotion and boundless affection. This day holds a special place in the hearts
of animal lovers worldwide, as it acknowledges the profound impact that dogs have on our lives, from their
incredible abilities to their role in rescue operations, and, most importantly, their capacity for unconditional love.
 Dogs, often referred to as “man’s best friend,” occupy a unique place in our hearts and homes. Their unwavering
loyalty and boundless love create an unbreakable bond that transcends words. Beyond companionship, dogs play
pivotal roles in various aspects of human life. Some are trained to provide essential support to people with
disabilities, enhancing their independence and quality of life. Others showcase their exceptional olfactory senses in
search and rescue operations, saving lives with their remarkable ability to locate individuals in dire circumstances.
After Chandrayaan-3: India to celebrate August 23 as ‘National Space Day

 Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 26 announced to celebrate August 23, when India’s Chandrayaan-3 landed
on the Moon, as National Space Day. He also announced that the spot where the lander landed on the Moon will
be known as ‘Shivashakti’ and where Chandrayaan-2 touched down will be called as ‘Tiranga Point’.
 The Prime Minister was addressing the scientists at the ISRO Telemetry Tracking and Command Network Mission
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Control Complex in Bengaluru, Karnataka. PM Modi said that experts suggest that in a few years, India’s space
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industry will become $16 billion from $8 billion.
 To congratulate ISRO team for the successful touchdown of Chandrayaan-3 lander on August 23, PM Modi visited
to Bengaluru, immediately after returning from his two-nation visit to Greece and South Africa. He was accorded a
warm reception as he arrived at the ISRO headquarters in Bengaluru on Saturday morning.
OBITUARY
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Senior Congress leader and former Speaker Vakkom Purushothaman passes away
 Former two-time Kerala Assembly Speaker Vakkom Purushothaman, 96, passed away. Mr. Purushothaman
commenced his political life7T
as a Revolutionary
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Socialist Party (RSP) activist in 1952. He won a seat in the Vakkom
panchayat council on the party ticket. When practising as lawyer at the Thiruvananthapuram Bar, former Chief
Minister R.Shankar spotted Mr. Purushothaman’s flair for politics and persuaded him to quit the RSP and join the
Congress.
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 He served as Minister for Agriculture and Labour in the Achutha Menon government (1971-77) and drMr.
Purushothaman retained Attingal for Congress in the 1977, 1980 and 1982 State elections. After the ‘A’ group split
from the Congress, he joined as Health and Tourism Minister in the 1980 E.K. Nayanar government. He aligned
himself with the Left Democratic Front (LDF) government.
 In 1984, he bagged the Alappuzha Lok Sabha constituency for the Congress by defeating CPI(M) leader Susheela
Gopalan.
 Mr. Purushothaman bid farewell to electoral politics and assumed charge as Lieutenant Governor in Andaman
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4O4Sensuring
Nicobar. He later served as Mizoram and Meghalaya Governor.afted
tr-5M7T2Qlaws the welfare of farm and headload
workers.
Noted Marathi poet Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor, Passes away at 81

 Noted Marathi poet and lyricist Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor, popularly known as Na Dho Mahanor, died at a hospital
in Maharashtra’s Pune on Thursday morning, He was 81.
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 Mahanor was undergoing treatment at Ruby Hospital in Punetr-and
5I7Gwas life support systems for the last few days,
his grandson Shashikant Manohar said.Mahanor was best known for his poems and lyrics for Marathi movies.
 Born in 1942, Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor was awarded Padma Shri in 1991.He had also been a member of the state
legislative council.
 Mahanor penned several popular poems and songs, including ‘Jagala Prem Arpave’, ‘Ganga Wahu De Nirmal’ and
‘Divelaganichi Vel’, and also wrote songs for Marathi movies like ‘Ek Hota Vidushak’, ‘Jait Re Jait’, ‘Sarja’ and
others.He is survived by two sons and three daughters.
N Vittal, architect of India’s IT sector passes away

 The Padma Bhushan awardee and IAS officer of the Gujarat cadre, 1960 batch, N Vittal passed away in Chennai.
With the passing of N Vittal, 85, former Telecom Secretary and Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC) on Thursday,
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the country has lost the person who had sown the seeds for the growth of the information technology sector four
decades ago
 His experience of more than 40 years covered a wide spectrum with focus on industrial administration, science and
technology and security. As Secretary of the Department of Electronics (1990-1996), he initiated policies for boosting
software, setting up software technology parks and strategic alliance with the industry. This eventually led to the
formation of the Software Technology Parks of India (STPI).
 As Chairman of the Telecom Commission, he also initiated the process of liberalisation in the telecom sector and
played a major role in getting the National Telecom Policy 1994 approved.
Nitin Desai a renowned art director passes away
 Art director Nitin Chandrakant Desai was found dead at his ND Studio in Karjat. He was known for his work in
films such as Lagaan and Jodhaa Akbar.
 Postmortem of Bollywood art director Nitin Chandrakant Desai was conducted by a team of four doctors on
Wednesday. As per preliminary findings, the cause of death is due to hanging,
Telangana folk singer Gaddar passes away at 77,

 Renowned folk singer and activist Gaddar, who had been battling severe heart disease, passed away at the age of
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74. He had been undergoing treatment at the Apollo Hospital in Hyderabad for the past 10 days following a cardiac
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arrest.
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 Gaddar, also known as Gummadi Vittal Rao, gained popularity primarily through his stage name. He earned the
title of the people’s singer due to his songs that brought attention to various issues faced by the common people.
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Additionally, he showcased his acting skills in a few films, including “Maa Bhoomi” and “Rangula Kala”.
William Friedkin, director of ‘The Exorcist’ and 'The French Connection' passes away at 87
French Connection," has passed away at the age of 87.
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 Renowned American filmmaker William Friedkin, known for directing iconic movies like "The Exorcist" and "The
 Friedkin had been residing in Los Angeles and had been facing various undisclosed health challenges in the past
 AFP reported that director Guillermo4Rdel

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few years, according to Stephen Galloway, a former executive editor at the Hollywood Reporter.
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Toro took the forefront in honouring William Friedkin, by hailing him as
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"one of the Gods of Cinema."
Renowned Malayalam director, screenwriter Siddique Ismail passes away
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 Renowned Malayalam director and screenwriter Siddique Ismail has passed away at 63. He was known for making
movies like Friends (2001), Engal Anna (2004), Sadhu Miranda (2008), Kaalavan (2011), and Bhaskar Oru Rascal
(2018). His final directorial venture was the 2020 action thriller film Big Brother, which starred Mohanlal, Arbaaz
Khan, Anoop Menon, and Honey Rose.
 Starting their directorial journey as the ‘Siddique-Lal’ duo, they marked their debut with the timeless comedy Ramji
Rao Speaking (1989), which was funded by Fazil. This kickstarted a series of remarkable successes in Malayalam
cinema history, including iconic films like In Harihar Nagar (1990), Godfather (1991), Vietnam Colony (1992),
Kabooliwala (1993), and Hitler (1996).
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Eminent scientist Padma Shri MRS Rao passes away in Bengaluru at 75
 Padma Shri awardee and former President of Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR),
Prof. M.R. Satyanarayana Rao passed away at his residence in Tata Nagar in Bengaluru on August 13 night. He was
75. Born in Mysuru, Prof Rao obtained his undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from Bangalore University. He
got his PhD from the Indian Institute of Science and did his Postdoctoral Research at Baylor College of Medicine,
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Britain's 'Chat Show King' Michael Parkinson Dies At 88

 Michael Parkinson, the seasoned British chat show host renowned for his conversations with notable personalities,
has passed away at the age of 88. His family said that he peacefully departed at his residence after a brief period of
illness.
 Hailing from the coalmining village of Cudworth in northern England, Michael Parkinson took his initial steps into
the professional world after leaving school at the age of 16.
 He ventured into the realm of journalism, starting his journey at local newspapers and eventually establishing
himself at esteemed publications such as the Manchester Guardian and the Daily Express.
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 Beginning in June 1971, television presenter Michael Parkinson hosted his talk show named ‘Parkinson‘ captivating
viewers with his distinctive interview approach, characterized by his amiable charm. The show enjoyed a prosperous
run until 1982, later making a comeback in 1998, further solidifying Parkinson’s status as a true chat show maestro.
Academician, rights activist Deven Dutta passes away

 Consumer rights activist and former vice-principal of Cotton University, Deven Dutta passed away at the age of 81.
Born on April 5, 1944 at Nazira in Sivasagar, Deven Dutta was residing in Guwahati’s Sundarpur area. He completed
his post-graduation in English in the year 1965 and started his career as a professor of English at Cotton College. He
was also a renowned litterateur and columnist.
 Prof Dutta was a prolific writer and had published several books and articles on a variety of topics, including
literature, education, and social issues. He was also a regular columnist in several newspapers and magazines.
 In addition to his academic and literary achievements, Prof Dutta was also a social activist. He was involved in
several social organizations and campaigns, including the fight for consumer rights and the protection of the
environment.
Dr John Warnock, Adobe Co-Founder, dies At 82

 Adobe co-founder Dr. John Warnock passed away at the age of 82, Adobe announces. He founded the revolutionary
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software company Adobe with his partner, the now-late Dr. Charles Geschke, in 1982. Marva Warnock designed the
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company’s original logo, and Adobe released its first program, the desktop publishing software Adobe PostScript,
two years later. Warnock served mostly as the company’s CEO until 2000 and was co-chairman of the board along
with Geschke until 2017. Warnock remained on the company board of directors afterward.
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 Adobe is widely-associated with Adobe Acrobat and Adobe Photoshop, but the company has maintained an
impressively broad portfolio of well-regarded staple applications in multiple industries. During Warnock’s tenure
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as its CEO, Adobe created industry-standard software for business, graphic design, photography, video editing,
audio recording, and more. Warnock co-founded Adobe in 1982. He retired as CEO in 2000 and was chairman of
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the board, a position he shared with Geschke, until 2017.
'RIP superstar,' tributes pour in after WWE Superstar Bray Wyatt dies of heart attack
 Windham Rotunda, also 7T2Q4O 4S4R7S
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known as Bray Wyatt, passed away at age 36. Rotunda was an American professional
wrestler. He was best known for his tenure in WWE, where he performed under the ring name Bray Wyatt.
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 Windham Lawrence Rotunda was born in Brooksville, Florida, on May 23, 1987. He attended Hernando High School,
where he won a state wrestling championship at 275 pounds (125 kg) in 2005. He graduated in 2005. He also played
football as a defensive tackle and guard. Rotunda played at the College of the Sequoias for two seasons, earning
second-team All-American honors as a sophomore offensive guard. He earned a football scholarship to Troy
University, where he played collegiate football for two years. He left Troy 27 credit hours short of earning a
bachelor’s degree after deciding to become a professional wrestler.
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Srinagar Tops In Implementing JJM Among Har Ghar Jal Certified Districts In India
 The Srinagar district has become the highest-performing district under the Jal Jeevan Survekshan (JJS-2023),
outshining 114 Har Ghar Jal certified villages across India.
 The district’s achievements include Har Ghar Jal certification, meticulous water quality testing through laboratories
and Field Test Kits (FTKs), specialized training for women to effectively utilize FTKs, and comprehensive skill
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 The Jal Jeevan Mission was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 15, 2019. Its goal is to provide
adequate quantities of clean, safe, and pressurized drinking water on a consistent basis.
Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu top 3 states with maximum Jan Dhan
 In the fiscal year 2022-23, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu emerged as the leading three states in terms of the
most number of beneficiaries under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana.
 The aim of the “Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is to ensure equitable access to a range of financial
services, including the availability of fundamental savings accounts, access to customized credit, seamless
remittance capabilities, insurance coverage, and pension benefits for underserved segments, notably weaker
sections and low-income groups.
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India Trails Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh On Internet Resilience: Report
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 India, a rapidly developing nation in the realm of technology and connectivity, has achieved an overall score of 43
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South Asian region.
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percent in the Internet Resilience Index (IRI). This achievement positions India as the sixth-ranked country in the
 The IRI, developed by the global non-profit organization Internet Society, provides a comprehensive assessment of
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a country’s internet ecosystem, taking into account factors such as security, performance, infrastructure, and
market readiness.
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Maharashtra tops fiscal heath report
 In a recent development, Maharashtra has emerged as the front-runner in the Fiscal Health Report, showcasing
commendable financial stability. Surprisingly, Chhattisgarh, a state often associated with economic challenges,
secured an unexpected second position in the rankings.
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The Fiscal Health Report’s assessment is based on four crucial fiscal parameters:
1. Fiscal Deficit: This indicator evaluates the gap between a state’s total expenditures and its total revenue. A lower
fiscal deficit indicates better financial management.
2. Own Tax Revenue: The proportion of revenue generated by a state through its internal taxation system reflects its
self-sufficiency in funding its operations.
3. State Debt Levels: The extent of a state’s indebtedness relative to its economic
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State Domestic Product (GSDP), gauges its ability to manage financial obligations.
4. Interest Payment to Revenue Receipts: This parameter underscores the ratio of interest payments on debts to the
overall revenue earned by the state, revealing its debt servicing capability.
MP: Indore secures 1st position, Bhopal 5th in Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan-2023
 The city of Indore has clinched the top spot in the Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan -2023 conducted by the Central
Pollution Control Board, in the category of cities with a population exceeding 10 lakhs. The results of the survey
reflect not only the city’s dedicated efforts but also highlight the overall progress made by several cities in Madhya
Pradesh.
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 The Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan -2023 witnessed a remarkable display of dominance by Madhya Pradesh, particularly
in the category of cities with a population of more than 10 lakhs. Out of the top five positions, two were secured by
cities from the state. While Indore claimed the prestigious first position, Bhopal secured a commendable fifth rank.
This achievement reinforces Madhya Pradesh’s proactive approach to tackling pollution and promoting cleaner air
quality.
SPORTS
Indian women's hockey team wins 100th Anniversary Spanish Hockey Federation tournament
 The Indian Women's Hockey Team reigned supreme in the 100th Anniversary Spanish Hockey Federation
International tournament, beating hosts Spain 3-0 in a one-sided contest in Barcelona. Goals from Vandana Katariya
(22'), Monika (48'), and Udita (58') helped the Indian Women's Team stand tall in the end and remain unbeaten in
the tournament.
Stuart Broad announces retirement from all forms of cricket after the Ashes
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 England pacer Stuart Broad has announced his retirement from cricket. He will call it quits from the game after the
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ongoing Ashes series. Broad announced the decision at the end of the third day of the fifth Ashes Test at the Oval.
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The 37-year-old has played 167 Test matches, picking 602 wickets. He has also featured in 121 ODIs and 56 T20Is.
 Broad, who made his Test debut against Sri Lanka in 2007, will go down as one of the great pacers in the sport – he
sits at fifth on the all-time list of wicket-takers, and is one of only two fast bowlers to take over 600 wickets,
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alongside long-time bowling partner Jimmy Anderson.
 He is the only English player with two hat-tricks to his name in Test cricket. His finest hour in Test cricket came
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against his arch-rivals Australia when put himself in cricketing folklore with a stunning 8/15 at Trent Bridge in 2015.
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Broad was still firing at all cylinders even at 37 years of age but decided to call time on his career while he was still
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at the top of his game, informing his decision to the captain last night.
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 Career: Broad made his Test debut for England in 2007 and went on to play 167 matches, taking 604 wickets at an
average of 27.68. He also played 121 ODIs, taking 178 wickets at an average of 30.13, and 56 T20Is, taking 65 wickets
at an average of 22.94.
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 Retirement: Broad announced his retirement from cricket on July 29, 2023, at the end of the 5th Ashes Test against
Australia. He said that he wanted to “finish at the top of the game”.
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India beat West Indies by massive 200 runs in the 3rd ODI, to win the 3 match series 2 – 1
 Team India defeated West Indies by a massive 200 runs in the third and final ODI to clinch the three-match series
2-1 on Tuesday. West Indies struggled during their chase, allowing India to dominate the game.
 The West Indies openers fell quickly, followed by their captain, who was caught out by Mukesh Kumar. Unadkat
took out another batsman, leaving the West Indies in a difficult position at 35/4. Thakur then took two more wickets
in quick succession. Some lower-order players tried to save the situation, but it wasn't enough.
 Thakur's four wickets and Mukesh Kumar's impressive bowling denied West Indies the chance to win their first
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ODI series against India since 2006. India's strong batting performance
players scoring half-centuries to help them reach a total of 351.
Moeen Ali confirms his Retirement from Test Cricket and more
 England all-rounder Moeen Ali confirms his test cricket retirement after the end of the Ashes series and he will play
in other formats of cricket. On the request of England Test captain BenStokes, he played the Ashes series. But he
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 He played for England in 68 test matches taking 204 wickets and scored 3094 runs. He was awarded the Order of
the British Empire(OBE) in June 2023 for his services to cricket.
 Australia cricket team retained the 5 match test series ‘Ashes 2023’ after the 2-2 draw against England.It was held
from 16th June to 31st July in the United Kingdom(UK). This marks Australia’s 4th consecutive win in the series. So
far in the Ashes series, Australia won 34 Ashes and England won 33 Ashes, 5 series were drawn.
World Archery Championships 2023: Indian women’s compound team wins historic gold medal
 The Indian women's compound team of Jyothi Surekha Vennam, Parneet Kaur and Aditi Gopichand Swami won
the gold medal at the World Archery Championships 2023 in Berlin, Germany. It was India’s first-ever gold at the
archery world championships in any category.
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 The triumphant team comprised Jyothi Surekha Vennam, Parneet Kaur, and Aditi Gopichand Swami. In the final
round, they showcased an exceptional performance against the Mexican team, consisting of Dafne Quintero, Ana
Sofia Hernandez Jeon, and Andrea Becerra. The Indian trio emerged victorious with a score of 235-229,
demonstrating their prowess and precision in the sport.
 In the semi-finals, the Indian trio, seeded second in the qualification round, had knocked out defending champions
Colombia 220-216 to enter the title clash. Earlier, the Indian women’s compound team defeated Chinese Taipei and
Turkey in the quarter-finals and the pre-quarterfinals, respectively after receiving a bye in the first round. Heading
into the Berlin meet, India had won 11 medals – nine silvers and two bronze – at the World Archery Championships.
Prarthana Thombare clinches women's tennis doubles title in Barcelona, Spain

 Prarthana Thombare has clinched the doubles title at the women's tennis hardcourt event in Barcelona, Spain. The
Asian Games bronze medallist, combined with Russian Anastasia Tikhonova, edged out France’s Estelle Cascino
and Latvia’s Diana Marcinkevica 3-6, 6-1, 10-7 in the final. It is the second title of the year and 26th overall for
Prarthana, who bagged bronze with Sania Mirza in 2014 at Incheon.
 Siddhant Banthia and Sai Karteek Reddy won their second title this season in ITF men’s event in Astana,
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Kazakhstan. They defeated Estonia’s Daniil Glinka and Karl Kiur Saar 7-5, 6-7, 10-4 to lift the trophy in the hard-
court event. It is the first crown for both the players who had triumphed in their first appearance as a team in an
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event in Jakarta in June.
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SAI launched short movie series ‘Halla Bol’ Under ‘Cheer4India’ Campaign
 Sports Authority of India (SAI) under the Umbrella Campaign ‘Cheer4India’ has launched a short movie series ‘Halla
awareness about the upcoming Asian Games.
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Bol’ on the journey of Asian Games bound athletes to motivate them for Hangzhou Asian Games and spread
 In the upcoming weeks, SAI has ambitious plans to release a total of 12 short films. This initiative aims to not only
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motivate athletes participating in the Asian Games 2023 but also to encourage the youth of the nation to embrace
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sports and pursue a career in the field. The first episode in the series was also unveiled which gave a glimpse onto
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the life of star Indian athlete Neeraj Chopra. The first video featuring Neeraj Chopra instantly became a hit on social
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successful journey of athletes.
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media and has amassed massive views. The series is expected to rake in huge popularity as it focusses on the
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India defeats Malaysia 4-3 to win Asian Champions Trophy 2023 Final
 India beat Malaysia 4-3 and clinch a record fourth Asian Champions Trophy title at the Mayor Radhakrishnan
Stadium in Chennai. Malaysia were aggressive in the first half as the Indians found it difficult to restrict their
opponent. With four Asian Champions Trophy titles, India is the most successful team in the history of the
tournament. Pakistan, with three titles, are at the second spot now. Akashdeep led the attack scoring the opening
goal and overall, India had five different goal scorers in the semi-finals of which four of them scored field goals –
Karthi Selvam, Mandeep Singh, Akashdeep Singh, and Sumit.
 Japan take 3rd spot after beating South Korea 5-3. Japan finished behind Malaysia in the Asian Champions Trophy
tournament after the beat defending champion South Korea 5-3 in2Q the third-place
4O4S4R7S playoff tie in Chennai.
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Neymar quits PSG to sign for Saudi Arabias Al-Hilal on two-year deal
 Brazil forward Neymar Jr has signed for Saudi Arabia’s Al-Hilal from Paris Saint-Germain (PSG), the clubs
announced, joining Cristiano Ronaldo and Karim Benzema. Neymar, 31, scored 118 goals in 173 matches for PSG in
six injury-plagued seasons. He won five Ligue 1 titles and three French Cups, but was on the losing side as PSG were
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 Neymar joined PSG from Barcelona in 2017 for a world record fee of 222 million euros ($242 million), a few weeks
before they recruited Kylian Mbappe. The Brazilian scored 118 goals in 173 matches for PSG, winning five Ligue 1
titles and three French Cups, but his time at PSG was blighted by a catalogue of injuries. Although he helped the
club to the 2020 Champions League final, which they lost 1-0 to Bayern Munich, he was sidelined for key games.
Last month Al-Hilal made a 300-million-euro bid for Mbappe, though the striker reportedly refused to meet with
officials from the team.
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Australia's Ashleigh Gardner and England’s Chris Woakes Named ICC Players of the Month for July 2023
 The International Cricket Council (ICC) has revealed the latest set of international stars to be named ICC Players
of the Month for July 2023. Australia’s spin bowling all-rounder Ashleigh Gardner and England’s seamer Chris
Woakes have been honored as the International Cricket Council (ICC) Players of the Month for July 2023.
 Australia’s prolific all-rounder Ashleigh Gardner becomes the first player to win back-to-back awards, claiming her
fourth ICC Women’s Player of the Month prize following another scintillating set of performances against England
and Ireland in July.
 Gardner scored 232 runs and took 15 wickets in eight ODI and T20I matches during the month, including a Player
of the Match performance in the second ODI against England, where she scored 65 runs and took three wickets.
She was also named Player of the Series in the ODI series against Ireland.
 England seamer Chris Woakes wins the ICC Men’s Player of the Month award for his fruitful contributions with the
ball, helping his side claw back a two-nil deficit to close out their Ashes series on level terms.
 Woakes took 19 wickets in three Tests against Australia, including a Player of the Match performance in the final
Test at The Oval, where he took seven wickets and scored a vital 36 runs in the first innings. He was also named
Player of the Series.
Wahab Riaz announces international retirement to focus on franchise cricket
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 Pakistan fast bowler Wahab Riaz has announced his retirement from international cricket, bringing an end to a 15-
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year career. The 38-year-old made his international debut in 2008 and went on to play 27 Tests, 91 ODIs and 36
T20Is, taking 237 wickets in total.
 Riaz was a key member of the Pakistan team that reached the semi-finals of the 2011 Cricket World Cup, where he
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took five wickets against India. He was also a regular in the ODI and T20I teams, and was known for his fiery
bowling and aggressive approach. However, Riaz’s Test career was less successful. He struggled to find consistency
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with his line and length, and was often guilty of bowling too many loose deliveries. He retired from Test cricket in
2019.
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Dutee Chand Receives Four-Year Ban From NADA For Failing Out-Of-Competition Doping Test
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as India’s fastest female athlete and holder of the national 100m record,
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has been handed a significant blow with a four-year ban following her failure in an out-of-competition dope test.
The test revealed the presence of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), leading to the decision to
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suspend her from competitive sports. Chand’s remarkable athletic career has now been marred by this doping
incident.
 Chand’s ban, which commences from January 3, 2023, stems from her failed out-of-competition dope test for
SARMs, which occurred on December 5, 2022. As a consequence of her violation, all competitive outcomes she
achieved from the date of sample collection will be annulled. This includes the forfeiture of any medals, points, and
prizes she earned during this period. The verdict, delivered by the National Anti Doping Agency (NADA), found
Chand in breach of “article 2.1 and 2.2 of the NADA,” resulting in a four-year ineligibility period under “article 10.2.1.1
of the NADA ADR 2021.”
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AFI chief Adille Sumariwalla elected to World Athletics Executive Board
 Adille Sumariwalla has been elected as one of the four vice presidents of World Athletics, the highest post ever held
by an Indian in the global track and field governing body. The 65-year-old Sumariwalla, who is the president of the
Athletics Federation of India (AFI), received the third-highest number of votes cast during the WA elections held
on Thursday in Budapest, Hungary. He will serve a four-year term.
 In his new role as vice president, Sumariwalla will be responsible for
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global level. He will also be involved in decision-making on a range of issues, including the development of the
sport, anti-doping, and the World Championships. The other three vice presidents elected were Ximena Restrepo
(Colombia), Raul Chapado (Spain), and Jackson Tuwei (Kenya).
 Sumariwalla is a former Olympian who competed in the 100 meters at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. He
has been president of the AFI since 2012 and has been a member of the WA Council since 2015.
Women's World Cup final: England lose to Spain in Sydney

 Spain secured their first ever Women’s World Cup title with a 1-0 win over England at the 2023 FIFA Women’s
World Cup final in Sydney. The win marks a historic FIFA Women’s World Cup campaign for Spain who previously
failed to make it past the Round of 16. Making it to the final after knockout wins over Switzerland, the Netherlands
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and Sweden, was already a first for Spain with the victory in the final cause for an even bigger celebration. Captain
Olga Carmona smashed the decisive goal as Spain defeated England 1-0 to lift the FIFA Women’s World Cup title.
 Spain’s first major international trophy made it the first European team to win the Women’s World Cup since
Germany in 2007.In addition, Spain’s victory makes them only the second nation to have won both the men’s and
the women’s World Cups. The other nation is Germany, who won the men’s World Cup in 1974 and 1990, and the
women’s World Cup in 2003 and 2007. Spain’s victory is a historic moment for the team, for the country, and for
the women’s game. It is a moment that will be remembered for many years to come.
ICC unveils two mascots for ODI World Cup 2023

 The International Cricket Council (ICC) has enthusiastically introduced a captivating pair of brand mascots for the
upcoming World Cups. These mascots, unveiled at an event in Gurugram, India, in the presence of U19 World Cup
Champions’ captains Yash Dhull and Shafali Verma, embody the unity and spirit that cricket promotes worldwide.
Representing gender equality and diversity, the mascots, a male and a female, originate from a distant cricket
paradise called the Crictoverse.
 The male and female mascots from the Crictoverse symbolize unique traits that stand for gender equality and
diversity. The ICC has also launched a naming competition for the mascots, allowing fans to leave their mark on
the World Cup until August 27.
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U-20 Wrestling World Championships 2023: Priya Malik wins gold, only second Indian to become junior world
champion
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 Indian wrestler Priya Malik has achieved a remarkable feat by securing the gold medal at the U20 World Wrestling
Championships held in Jordan. This victory marks a significant milestone in her career.
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 Competing in the 76 kg category, Priya Malik showcased her prowess on the mat. In the gold medal match, she
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triumphed over Germany’s Laura Kuehn with a resounding score of 5-0.
 Priya Malik’s victory makes her only the second Indian woman to attain a gold medal in the prestigious U20 World
secured a gold medal in the same competition.

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Wrestling Championships. She joins the ranks of Antim Panghal, another Indian wrestler who had previously
 Priya’s success is not only a personal triumph but also a contribution to India’s outstanding performance at the U20
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World Wrestling Championships,
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India’s Anahat Singh clinches gold in Asian Junior Squash
 Anahat Singh secured the gold medal in the U-17 category of the prestigious Asian Junior Squash Individual
Championships, a remarkable achievement that adds another jewel to her growing crown of accomplishments. The
championship, held from August 16 to 20, showcased Anahat’s exceptional talent and determination as she emerged
victorious on the court.
 The 15-year-old prodigy from India exhibited her prowess by defeating Hong Kong’s Ena Kwong with a resounding
3-1 victory in the finals. In the quarterfinals and semifinals, she showcased her skill and determination by
overcoming Malaysian players Doyce Lee and Whitney Isabelle Wilson, respectively.
 Last year, Anahat made her mark in the Asian Junior Squash Individual Championships
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secured her first gold medal in this prestigious event.
TN CM lays foundation stone for Rs 4,276 cr 400 MLD desalination plant

 In a remarkable feat of intellectual prowess, Raja Anirudh Sriram, a fourth-standard student hailing from Tirupati,
has clinched a silver medal at the prestigious Singapore International Math Olympiad Challenge (SIMOC). This
prodigious achievement has not only brought honor to his family and
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state of Andhra Pradesh.
 Among the 23 Indians representing the nation at the SIMOC, Raja Anirudh stood out as the sole participant from
Andhra Pradesh. The event, which saw the participation of over 2000 students from 32 different countries, was a
platform for young mathematical minds to showcase their skills and knowledge.
 Raja Anirudh’s affinity for mathematics has been evident since an early age. His journey of success has been marked
by numerous national and international awards that highlight his extraordinary capabilities.
Khelo India Women’s League to be renamed as Asmita Women’s League

 Anurag Singh Thakur, the Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports, has unveiled that the esteemed Khelo India
Women’s League will be recognized as the “Asmita Women’s League” from now on. This purposeful transformation
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underscores the government’s commitment to advancing gender equality and nurturing the vibrant engagement of
women in the realm of sports.
 The new name, “Asmita Women’s League,” carries a profound meaning. ASMITA stands for “Achieving Sports
Milestone by Inspiring Women Through Action”, encapsulating the spirit of resilience, determination, and
achievement that defines women athletes across the nation. This change not only offers a new identity but also
embodies the aspirations of countless women who strive to make their mark in the sporting arena.
 Mr. Thakur took to social media to commend the entire Khelo India team for their visionary concept of the Asmita
Women’s League. He also expressed his appreciation for the development of the Asmita Portal and its new logo,
recognizing these advancements as significant steps towards the digital transformation of Indian sports. This
demonstrates the government’s commitment to leveraging technology to enhance the overall sports experience and
engagement.
World Athletics Championships 2023: Neeraj Chopra Qualifies for Final

 Neeraj Chopra, the Olympic gold medalist in javelin throw, continues to make waves in the world of athletics. His
recent performance at the World Athletics Championships has not only secured his place in the finals but has also
guaranteed his participation in the Paris Olympics 2024.
 Neeraj Chopra’s remarkable throw of 88.77 meters in the men’s javelin throw event during the World Athletics
c o m
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Championships is an evident to his dedication and skill. This throw not only secured his spot in the finals of the
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championships but also surpassed the minimum qualification distance of 85.50 meters for Paris Olympics 2024. As
the only athlete to achieve this qualification mark in the championship, Neeraj Chopra has showcased his
consistence excellence.
Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports sanctions 634 athletes to take part in Asian Games
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 Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports sanctioned 634 athletes across 38 sporting disciplines for participation in the
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upcoming Asian Games. Neeraj Chopra, Praggnanandhaa Ramesh Babu, Lovlina Borgohain, Nikhat Zareen, Lakshay
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Sen and Mirabai Chanu Saikhom are among the others who met the set selection criteria. The selection was made
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against the 850 athletes recommended by the Indian Olympic Association.
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 A total of 572 athletes participated in the last edition of Asian Games in 2018 where India returned with 70 medals
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Indian women bag free pistol gold in World Championship
 The women’s free pistol team helped India sign off from the World shooting championship on a golden note in
Baku, Azerbaijan, on Friday.
 Even though the running target events would continue for the next few days, the regular shooting was done, as
India wound up second on the medals’ table with six gold and eight bronze medals.
 China was on top with 15 gold, seven silver and six bronze. USA was third with five gold, two silver and a bronze.
 Tiyana Phogat, Sakshi Suryavanshi and Kirandeep Kaur won the 50-metre free pistol team gold with a total of 1573,
six points ahead of China. Tiyana also won the individual bronze with 533 as she missed silver by one point.
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SUMMIT’S & MOU’S
TRAI and C-DoT sign MoU for cooperation in telecommunications sector
 Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) and the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DoT) have signed
a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on Monday to establish mechanism of technical and institutional
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 The Ministry of Communications informed in a press release that the Trai Centre of Studies and Research (Trai
CSR) was established as an entity within Trai with a mandate to conceptualise, coordinate, and enable technological
studies in the telecom and broadcasting sectors.
 Its task is to enable technology-driven growth in India by combining the energies of different industries and sectors.
The MoU has brought the two parties, Trai CSR and C-DoT together to reach the common goal of establishing a
mechanism of technical and institutional cooperation in the field of telecommunications. The partnership aims to
promote cooperation for research on regulatory practices and bridge gaps in our understanding.
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G20 EMPOWER Summit begin today - 1 August in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
 The two-day long G20 EMPOWER Summit begin in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Union Minister for Women and Child
Development Smriti Zubin Irani inaugurated the summit. The inaugural session saw the launch of key outcomes
under the G20 EMPOWER agenda this year including the G20 EMPOWER Tech Equity Digital Inclusion Platform,
the Best Practices Playbook, the KPI Dashboard, and the adoption of the G20 EMPOWER Communique 2023.
 The summit, organized around the theme- ‘Women-Led Development: ensuring a sustainable, inclusive, and
equitable global economic growth’, will witness the participation of delegates from across G20 nations, invited guest
countries and international organizations in addition to many global experts, policymakers and stakeholders.
Besides, a host of esteemed speakers, including Minister of State for Women and Child Development Dr Munjpara
Mahendrabhai, Secretary in Ministry of Women and Child Development Indevar Pandey, Vice-President of World
Bank Lakshmi Shyam Sunder, Executive Director of UN Women Sima Bahous will also address the inaugural
session.
G20 Ministerial Conference on Women’s Empowerment to begin today at Gandhinagar in Gujarat

 G20 Ministerial Conference on Women’s Empowerment will begin in Gandhinagar, Gujarat today – August 2 . Prime
Minister Narendra Modi will deliver a special video address at the beginning of the Conference. The three-day
conference will be chaired by Union Minister of Women and Child Development, Smriti Irani. The theme of the
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conference is ‘Women-led Inclusive Development as Cusp of Inter-Generational Transformation’.
 AIR correspondent reports that the deliberations and discussions during the conference will focus on priority areas
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such as Education; Women’s Entrepreneurship, Creating a Partnership for Promoting Women’s Leadership at all
Levels; Women and Girls as Change-makers in Climate Resilience Action, and Digital Skilling for Women’s
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Empowerment. The three-day Ministerial meeting will witness the participation of more than 150 delegates led by
their respective Heads of Delegations from G20 members, invitee countries, and International Organisations.
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NHPC and ALIMCO sign MoU for providing aids and assistive devices to Divyangjans
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 NHPC Limited and Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India (ALIMCO) have signed a Memorandum of
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Understanding, under which NHPC will provide CSR support for distribution of aids and assistive devices to around
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1,000 Divyangjans (Persons with Disabilities) in the vicinity of NHPC Projects located in North and North Eastern
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states. tr-5M7T2Q4O
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 The MoU was signed at NHPC Corporate Office, Faridabad, today, August 1st 2023, under the CSR initiative of
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NHPC. The MoU was signed by Group Deputy General Manager (HR), CSR & SD, NHPC and General Manager -
Marketing, ALIMCO in the presence of Shri Uttam Lal, Director (Personnel), NHPC; Executive Director (CSR &
SD), NHPC, and other senior officers from NHPC CSR&SD Division and ALIMCO.
Indian Railways & IIT-Madras ink MoU for 5G testbed

The Ministry of Railways and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) signed a memorandum of
understanding ((MoU) to establish the India 5G testbed at the Indian Railway Institute of Signal Engineering and
Telecommunications (IRISET) in Secunderabad; the facility would be dedicated to the testing and development of 5G
use cases for Indian Railways. 4S4R7S
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The MoU between IRISET and IIT-Madras aims to accelerate the indigenisation efforts of Indian Railways in the field
of communications and create a testing facility for Indian Railways. The Indian Railways aims to leverage the potential
of 5G technology to enhance its operational efficiency, passenger experience and overall safety. By simulating real-world
scenarios, researchers and industry experts will explore innovative solutions to modernise various aspects of Railway
communication and services.
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Subroto Mukherjee Sports Education Society sign MoU with AIFF to promote football
For the first time ever, Subroto Mukherjee Sports Education Society (SMSES) today signed MoU with the All India
Football Federation (AIFF) to promote football at the grassroots level.
SMSES, which has been conducting the Subroto Cup International Football Tournament since 1960, will form a Subroto
XI (eleven) team under Junior Boys (Under-17) from this edition onwards. Addressing media in New Delhi,
Air Vice Marshal and SMSES member Alok Sharma announced that the team will also participate in AIFF Youth
Competition from the 2023-24 season. He said that an education workshop will also be undertaken by AIFF for coaches
of final-round teams to update and educate them. Clubs from the Indian Super League, Indian Women's League, and I-
League will also pick up players from the Subroto Cup.
PNGRB partners with World Bank to chalk out roadmap for hydrogen blending in natural gas
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 The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) and the World Bank have joined forces to develop a
comprehensive roadmap for integrating hydrogen blending in natural gas and establishing the infrastructure for
their transmission through gas pipelines in the country.
 The primary objective of the study is to develop a comprehensive roadmap for the rapid implementation of
hydrogen blending in India. The study covers the following aspects:
1 Analysis of hydrogen demand and supply.
2 Technical assessment of the current pipeline network’s compatibility for hydrogen blending.
3 Evaluation of the commercial potential of the pipeline sector.
4 Identification of policy and regulatory bottlenecks.
 The study’s recommendations include proposing amendments to the regulatory frameworks to align with the
national objective of achieving a hydrogen consumption target of 5 million metric tonnes per annum by 2030. The
study is scheduled to be completed within 16 weeks.
UP government inks MoU with Mexican state for investment in tourism, infra sectors
 The Uttar Pradesh government signed an MoU with Mexican state of Nuevo Leon for investments in tourism,
infrastructure and pharma and medical sectors in the state.
 The MoU was signed in the presence of UP Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath and Nuevo Leon's Governor Samuel
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Garcia Cefalveda.
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 As the delegation of Nuevo Leon is exploring possibilities of industrial investment in UP, the state has positioned
itself as a key destination for various sectors including the logistics and tourism sectors, led by modern
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infrastructure, expressways, interstate connectivity, air connectivity, rail network, inland waterway and a dedicated
freight corridor junction.
extended to investors, as stated by UP Chief Minister.
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India,Vietnam holds 5th Joint Trade Sub-Commission meeting in New Delhi k
 As many as 25 sectoral policies are in place to attract industrial investment, and facilities for investment are being
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was co-chaired by the Additional Secretary,
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 The 5th meeting of India-Vietnam Joint Trade Sub-Commission JTSC was held in New Delhi today. The meeting
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Department of Commerce Rajesh Agrawal from the Indian side, and
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Deputy Minister, Ministry 7TIndustry
tr-5Mof and Trade, Ms. Phan Thi Thang from the Vietnam side. This meeting was
held after a gap of more than four years since 4th JTSC meeting held in January 2019, on account of COVID-19
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pandemic and other factors.
 Vietnam is the 23rd largest global trade partner of India and the 5th largest among ASEAN countries with bilateral
trade of 14.70 Billion dollars during 2022-23. Vietnam accounts for 11.2 percent of India’s total trade with ASEAN.
Vietnam is an important destination for India’s iron and steel and agricultural and animal products mainly meat
products, animal fodder, cereals, and marine products.
The First WHO Traditional Medicine Global Summit

 The first WHO Traditional Medicine Global Summit is set to unfold on August 17 and 18, 2023, in the city of
Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. 4S4R7S
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 This event will intertwine with the G20 health ministerial meeting, creating a dynamic platform aimed at
galvanizing both political commitment and evidence-based actions in the realm of traditional medicine. This age-
old practice serves as the initial recourse for millions across the globe, catering to their diverse health and well-
being requisites.
 The Global Summit will be jointly orchestrated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Government of
India, which presently holds the esteemed presidency of the G20 for
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 As an inclusive stage, the Summit will convene an array of stakeholders encompassing traditional medicine
practitioners, users, communities, national policymakers, international organizations, academia, private sector
representatives, and civil society entities.
 Together, they will share pearls of wisdom, groundbreaking evidence, transformative data, and pioneering
innovations that underscore the indispensable role of traditional medicine in both health and sustainable
development.
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India, Vietnam holds 5th joint Trade Sub-Commission meeting
 The 5th meeting of India-Vietnam Joint Trade Sub-Commission JTSC was held in New Delhi today. The meeting
was co-chaired by the Additional Secretary, Department of Commerce Rajesh Agrawal from the Indian side, and
Deputy Minister, Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ms. Phan Thi Thang from the Vietnam side. This meeting was
held after a gap of more than four years since 4th JTSC meeting held in January 2019, on account of COVID-19
pandemic and other factors.
 Vietnam is the 23rd largest global trade partner of India and the 5th largest among ASEAN countries with bilateral
trade of 14.70 Billion dollars during 2022-23. Vietnam accounts for 11.2 percent of India’s total trade with ASEAN.
Vietnam is an important destination for India’s iron and steel and agricultural and animal products mainly meat
products, animal fodder, cereals, and marine products.
Lakhpati Didi Scheme: Centre Plans To Train Over Two Crore Women With Skill Development Courses
 In a significant move to empower women and foster economic growth, the Indian government has announced the
‘Lakhpati Didi’ scheme, aiming to provide skill training to two crore women across the nation. The scheme,
previously implemented in select states, now seeks to expand its reach and impact on a national scale.
 During his recent Independence Day address, Prime Minister Narendra Modi outlined his ambitious vision of
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cultivating two crore ‘lakhpati didis’ (women millionaires) in rural areas. Drawing attention to the vital roles played
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by women such as ‘bank-wali didi’ (banking sisters), ‘Anganwadi didi’ (childcare sisters), and ‘dawai-wali didi’
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(medical sisters), he underscored the need to elevate women’s economic standing.
 The ‘Lakhpati Didi’ scheme is designed to empower women by equipping them with essential skills that pave the
way for the establishment of micro-enterprises. A senior official shared that the scheme’s core objective is to train
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two crore women, thereby encouraging them to initiate and manage small-scale businesses effectively.
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BRICS summit: China's Xi visits South Africa in second trip
 Leaders from the BRICS economic alliance, consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, are
 The summit is set to witness
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converging in the bustling financial district of Sandton, Johannesburg, for a highly anticipated three-day summit.
This gathering marks a pivotal moment in international diplomacy as discussions unfold regarding the
consolidation of political and economic influence within the developing world.
2Q4O4S4R7Sdeliberations on strategies aimed at bolstering the collective political and
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economic clout of the BRICS alliance. Notably, China’s President Xi Jinping’s active participation reaffirms China’s
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deep-rooted commitment to the BRICS alliance as a crucial instrument for advancing its strategic ambitions on the
global stage.
India to get $25 million grant for strengthening animal health system
 The G20 Pandemic Fund has recently granted a significant sum of $25 million to India’s Department of Animal
Husbandry & Dairying. This funding is aimed at bolstering the country’s animal health system, which is a crucial
component of the comprehensive One Health strategy for preventing and responding to pandemics. The ongoing
global pandemic has emphasized the necessity of integrated One Health frameworks in tackling emerging
infectious diseases, often originating from animals. 4S4R7S
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 Notably, a substantial majority of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) declared international health
emergencies in recent times have been of animal origin. This reinforces the significance of addressing animal health
as a pivotal facet of pandemic readiness and reaction.
 Under the guidance of Indonesia’s G20 Presidency, the Pandemic Fund has greenlit a proposal submitted by India’s
Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying (DAHD). This
proposal, titled “Animal Health Security Strengthening in India for Pandemic
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4A7B Preparedness and Response,” has
been allocated the $25 million grant.
Om Birla inaugurates 9th C'wealth Parliamentary Conference in Udaipur

 The eagerly awaited Ninth India Region Conference of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) took
place in the historic city of Udaipur, located in the state of Rajasthan. Stretched across a duration of two days, the
event received its inauguration from the distinguished Lok Sabha Speaker, Om Birla. With the core objective of
exploring the theme “Enhancing Democracy and Effective Governance in the Digital Era,” the conference aimed to
facilitate insightful discussions and exchange of ideas among its participants.
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 The event witnessed the presence of esteemed personalities from the political and parliamentary spectrum.
Rajasthan Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot, Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman Harivansh, Rajasthan Assembly Speaker CP
Joshi, and CPA Chairperson Ian Liddell-Grainger, among others, graced the occasion with their presence.
Defence Ministry Inks Rs 19,000 Cr Deal with HSL

 The defence ministry has signed a contract with Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL), Visakhapatnam, to acquire five
Fleet Support Ships (FSS) for the Indian Navy at a total cost of approximately Rs 19,000 crore. These FSS ships will
be designed and constructed indigenously by HSL, Visakhapatnam. The Cabinet Committee on Security approved
this acquisition during its meeting on August 16.
 The primary role of the FSS ships will be to replenish other naval vessels at sea with fuel, water, ammunition, and
stores, allowing the Indian Naval Fleet to operate for extended periods without returning to harbour. This
acquisition will enhance the strategic reach and mobility of the fleet and significantly boost the Indian Navy's blue-
water capability. Additionally, these ships can be deployed for evacuation and humanitarian assistance and disaster
relief (HADR) operations.
BANKING & ECONOMY
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India and ADB sign $200 mn loan agreement for expanding urban services in Rajasthan
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 The central government and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a $200 million loan as additional financing
for the ongoing Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project to expand water supply and sanitation
.
e
systems and enhance urban resilience and heritage living in selected towns,
 The signatories to the loan agreement were Vumlunmang Vualnam, additional secretary, department of economic
Mission for ADB
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affairs, ministry of finance, for the Indian government, and Takeo Konishi, country director of ADB’s India Resident
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 The project will incorporate various innovative and climate-resilient solutions for expanding basic urban services
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and incorporate nature-based solutions to rehabilitate heritage structures besides piloting public-private
partnerships in the state’s water and sanitation sector to deepen private sector engagement,
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Record number of over six crore 77 lakh Income Tax Returns filed for financial year 2023-24
 A record over six crore 77 lakh Income Tax Returns, ITRs have been filed for 2023-24. The Central Board of Direct
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Taxes, CBDT said, the total number of ITRs filed till yesterday is 16 per cent more in comparison to the previous
financial year of five crore 83 lakh. On the last day, that is 31st July, over 64 lakh ITRs were filed on a single day. It
said, the department also received over 53 lakh ITRs from first time filers. The CBDT said, over 46 per cent of these
ITRs have been filed using the online ITR utility available on the e-filing portal,
CRED launches RuPay credit card-based UPI payments

Fintech firm CRED introduced RuPay credit card-based Unified Payments Interface (UPI) payments for its members,
in collaboration with the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
The company now supports RuPay credit cards issued by banks including 4S4R7S
HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Yes Bank, Axis Bank,
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BOB Financial Solutions, Canara Bank, Indian Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Punjab National Bank, and Union Bank.
The launch of credit-on-UPI will empower CRED’s members to utilise their RuPay credit cards for making payments
via UPI. Accordingly, users can pay businesses or merchants by scanning any UPI QR code, using their RuPay credit
card linked to their UPI.
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Axis Bank partners with Kiwi to bolster ‘Credit on UPI’ accessibility RuPay credit cards
 Axis Bank, one of the largest private sector banks in India partners with Kiwi, the revolutionary credit on UPI
platform to bolster ‘Credit on UPI’ accessibility on RuPay credit cards.
 The partnership enables Kiwi users to seamlessly access the RuPay lifetime free virtual Axis Bank KWIK credit card
through the app. With its innovative features, users can make merchant payments within the Kiwi app using their
credit cards via UPI, offering a virtual payment experience eliminating the need for physical cards.
 The end-to-end digital payment solution aims at enhancing the payment experience for customers. With this
partnership, customers can enjoy the benefits of credit card rewards, while experiencing the convenience of UPI’s
fast and secure payment.
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SIDBI as part of its initiative of “India of Tomorrow”, has been collaborating with CIIE at IIM, Ahmedabad
 Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), as part of its initiative of “India of Tomorrow”, has been
collaborating with various leading Incubation Centres in the country to promote Deep Tech and science led
Innovation by facilitating access to seed capital. In this regard, a formal contribution/ collaboration agreement for
setting up of “SIDBI Accelerator Fund at IIMA’s CIIE.CO” with an initial corpus of `20 cr. was signed between SIDBI
and CIIE.Co, IIM, Ahmedabad in the august presence of Shri S. Ramann, CMD, SIDBI on July 27, 2023. The
collaboration agreement was signed by Prof Chitra Singla, IIM (Ahmedabad)-Faculty Chairperson, CIIE.Co and Sh.
S. P. Singh, CGM, SIDBI. The arrangement would facilitate institutional seed investment in early stage viable and
scalable ventures in future.
 The agreement is an outcome of SIDBI’s new initiative to support the India of Tomorrow by augmenting the
developmental and funding ecosystem for ideation/ early-stage startups and offering equity/ equity like capital to
such startups through partnership with leasing incubators. Focus shall be on supporting startups having new and
meritorious ideas, innovations, and technologies important for India’s goals for 2047/ which shall help India become
self-reliant as well as a dominant player in high quality/ high entry barrier products/ services. Sectors aimed to be
supported include deep tech, hardware/ product startups, energy, clean tech,
NABARD sanctions Rs 1974 crore to Rajasthan government
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 The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has sanctioned a total amount of Rs 1,974.07
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crore to the Rajasthan government under the Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) for the financial year
2023-24.
 This substantial funding aims to uplift the living conditions of rural communities and drive economic growth in the
region, This includes -
1. Rural Drinking Water Supply Projects
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n
2. Improvement of Rural Roads
3. Expansion of Veterinary Healthcare Facilities
4. Micro-Irrigation Support
5. Infrastructure Development Assistance for Canals
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 About: NABARD - The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) serves as the apex
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for4Soverseeing the functioning of regional rural banks and apex cooperative banks
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regulatory authority responsible
o
across India. It operates under the Ministry of Finance, Government of India. NABARD’s core responsibilities
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encompass policy formulation, planning, and implementation of credit facilities for agriculture and various
economic endeavors in rural regions of India.
IndusInd Bank partners with Tiger Fintech to launch co-branded credit card
 IndusInd Bank and Tiger Fintech a Bajaj Capital Group company, announced the launch of the IndusInd Bank Tiger
Credit Card, a co-branded credit card powered by Visa. With this launch, customers will get access to best-in-class
credit card to meet their lifestyle needs, IndusInd Bank said in a statement.
 The credit card comes with benefits including ‘Magnificent Rewards Program’ where customers earn up-to 6X
accelerated rewards. Cardholders will also be able to convert their rewards
4S4Rpoints
7S to air miles and enjoy discounted
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foreign currency mark-up of 1.5 percent on international spends.
 This co-branded credit card offers access to complimentary benefits like 24x7 concierge facility, domestic and
international lounge access at the airports, games/lessons of golf, assured movie tickets and many other
entertainment benefits
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Bajaj Finance partners with new partner ICICI Lombard General Insurance to offer motor insurance policies
 Bajaj Finance has partnered with ICICI Lombard General Insurance
(https://www.bajajfinserv.in/insurance/icicilombard) along with other partners to provide car and two-wheeler
insurance plans (/topic/two-wheeler-insurance-plans) on the platform Bajaj Finance Insurance Mall. These
policies can be bought instantly on the platform through an all-digital and seamless customer experience journey.
 The ICICI Lombard Car and Two-wheeler Insurance policies offer comprehensive damage coverage, including third-
party cover and various add-on benefits to vehicle owners. These policies provide extensive coverage against various
risks and damages to vehicles.
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Airtel Payments Bank Launches Eco-Friendly Debit Card
 India’s first payment bank, Airtel Payment Bank also became the first Indian Bank to launch an eco-friendly debit
card for its new and existing customers with a savings bank account.
 The debit cards will be crafted from recycle- Poly Vinyl Chloride (r-PVC) material, a certified eco-friendly material,
against normal PVC cards.
 The introduction coincides with the Bank’s dedication to sustainability and its drive to advocate for environmentally
conscious practices within the financial industry.
Pentagon considers Australia as testing ground for advanced weapons

 Australia’s involvement in the AUKUS (Australia, United Kingdom, United States) pact has gained attention due to
its potential role as a testing ground for advanced hypersonic and long-range precision weapons.
 The agreement, initially focused on supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines, has evolved to address
the growing influence of China in the Asia-Pacific region. U.S. Secretary of the Army Christine Wormuth
highlighted Australia’s unique contributions and the collaborative nature of the pact.
Indian economy to grow at 6% in FY24 : NIPFP researchers

 In a recent mid-year macroeconomic review, the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (NIPFP) has
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forecasted that India’s economic growth will likely decelerate to 6% in the financial year 2023-24 (FY24), down from
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the 7.2% recorded in FY23. This projected slowdown is attributed to prevailing headwinds in the global economy.
The NIPFP analysis takes into consideration various economic indicators and trends, offering valuable insights into
e
the potential trajectory of India’s economy.
 The review highlights a robust industrial sector performance in the first quarter (Q1), particularly in the
construction and consumer non-durables segments.
n k
 However, the agricultural sector’s growth remained subdued, and the services sector experienced sluggish growth
during the same period.
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 The National Company Law Tribunal4R(NCLT)
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NCLT clears Zee-Sony deal, paves way for creation of $10-billion entertainment giant
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has given the green light to the merger between India’s prominent
o
5M7TEntertainment
entertainment company,tr-Zee Enterprises, and Culver Max Entertainment (formerly known as Sony
Pictures Networks India or SPNI).
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 The favorable verdict paves the way for an exciting phase of integration and transformation in the Indian
entertainment industry. (Securities and Exchange Board of India) SEBI is expected to deliver its final decision on
the matter on 14th of August.
 The decision was handed down by the panel led by Justice HV Subba Rao alongside member Madhu Sinha. With
this approval in hand, Zee Entertainment Enterprises and Culver Max Entertainment are ready to kickstart the
integration process in the upcoming week.
 A crucial step in this journey involves ZEE filing with the registrar of companies within a 30-day window. While an
official timeline for completion has yet to be announced, seasoned mergers and acquisitions experts anticipate a
potential conclusion around mid-November. tr-5M7T2Q4O
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RBI Partners With McKinsey and Accenture On Using AI/ML

 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is taking a significant step towards bolstering its regulatory supervision over banks
and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning (ML) technologies. To achieve this, the RBI has partnered with two prominent global consultancy firms,
McKinsey and Company India LLP, and Accenture Solutions tr- Pvt Ltd
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India.
2I4G This move aligns with the RBI’s aim to
harness the potential of advanced analytics to strengthen its supervisory functions.
 In a strategic move, the RBI initiated a process to identify consultants proficient in advanced analytics, AI, and ML.
The central bank, following a meticulous evaluation, chose McKinsey and Company India LLP and Accenture
Solutions Private Limited India for the pivotal task. These firms will be instrumental in designing and developing
systems that leverage AI and ML capabilities for regulatory supervision.
 While the RBI is already employing AI and ML in its supervisory processes, the institution is now poised to take
this implementation to a higher level. By embracing advanced analytics, the RBI intends to unlock the full spectrum
of benefits these technologies offer.
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RBI to bring framework to make reset of floating rate loan EMIs transparent
 In a significant move aimed at enhancing transparency and consumer protection in the home loan sector, the
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced a comprehensive set of reforms pertaining to floating rate home loans.
These reforms are designed to bring more clarity to the process of resetting interest rates, offer borrowers the option
to switch to fixed interest rates, and prevent banks from unilaterally changing the loan tenure without proper
consent.
 The RBI’s reforms emphasize the need for banks to establish a transparent framework for resetting interest rates on
floating rate home loans. Regulated Entities, including banks, are now required-
1. Clearly communicate with borrowers about potential changes in tenor and Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs).
2. Provide borrowers the flexibility to switch from floating to fixed interest rate loans or foreclose their loans.
3. Disclose all charges associated with exercising these options.
4. Ensure effective communication of essential information to borrowers.
NPCI Launches UPI Chalega 3.0 Campaign to Drive UPI Adoption and Safety Awareness
 The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has introduced the third edition of its UPI Safety Awareness
Campaign named “UPI Chalega.” Collaborating with key stakeholders in the payments ecosystem, the campaign
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aims to emphasize the ease, safety, and swiftness of using the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) for transactions.
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 With the launch of UPI Chalega 3.0, the campaign continues its mission to encourage the adoption of UPI while
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prioritizing user safety. Through captivating initiatives, the campaign aims to achieve its objectives.
 The overarching objective of the campaign is to enhance overall brand awareness of UPI, enhance understanding
of its distinctive features, and drive increased adoption among new users. By using relatable and heartwarming
UPI and its role in transforming digital transactions.
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scenarios, the campaign provides an engaging platform to enlighten the audience about the innovative aspects of
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Viacom18 completes merger of JioCinema and Voot OTT platforms, majority subscribers transitioned
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 Viacom18, a prominent player in the Indian media and entertainment industry, has made significant strides in
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merging its two Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms, JioCinema and Voot. The integration process has reached an
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transitioning to JioCinema.
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advanced stage, with technology backends fully aligned and a majority of Voot Select subscribers smoothly
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 A simple Google search for Voot redirects users to the JioCinema website, consolidating Viacom18’s OTT presence
under a single brand.
 The transition is also evident on app platforms, where only the JioCinema app is now available, marking a cohesive
and streamlined user experience.
 The merger process gained significant momentum in April 2023, when Viacom18 completed a complex merger
scheme involving Reliance Industries, Bodhi Tree Systems, and Paramount Global.
 This strategic move facilitated the integration of JioCinema into Viacom18, making it the primary platform for
marquee content.
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India's Per Capita Income To Rise 7.5 Times To Nearly Rs 15 Lakh Per Annum By FY47: SBI Research
 India’s journey towards becoming a developed economy by 2047 has gained momentum, with a recent study
conducted by SBI Research economists projecting a remarkable increase in per capita income. The study suggests
that India’s per capita income is poised to surge by 7.5 times, from Rs 2 lakh ($2,500) in FY23 to Rs 14.9 lakh ($12,400)
per annum by FY47. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasized this objective, aiming to turn the vision of a
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 The study by SBI Research underscores the immense growth potential in India’s economy in the coming decades.
This growth is attributed to several factors, including the country’s transition from a lower-income group to an
upper-income group economy and the positive impact of tax buoyancy. Notably, the formalization of the economy
through initiatives like the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and the UDYAM portal for Micro, Small, and Medium
Enterprises (MSMEs) has played a pivotal role in enhancing income tax returns.
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Govt hikes windfall tax on crude petroleum to Rs 7100 per tonne
 In a recent development, the Indian government has decided to enhance the windfall profit tax on domestically
produced crude oil and exported diesel. This decision is accompanied by the reintroduction of the tax on aviation
turbine fuel (ATF) shipments abroad. These changes are being implemented through a special additional excise
duty (SAED) mechanism, aimed at regulating profits derived from these energy sources.
Crude Oil Windfall Tax Raised-

1. Tax Hike Details: The government has made the decision to increase the special additional excise duty (SAED) on
domestically produced crude oil. This tax, formerly set at ₹4,250 per tonne, has been raised to ₹7,100 per tonne, as
per an official notification.
2. Implementation Date: The new tax rates have taken effect from August 15, as indicated by the official order dated
August 14.
Export of Diesel and ATF Subject to Higher Tax Rates-
to ₹5.50 per litre, marking a notable change in taxation policy for this energy product.
2. Introduction of ATF Levy: A new development in the taxation framework involves the imposition of a ₹2 per litre
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1. Diesel Export Tax Increase: The SAED on exported diesel has seen a significant surge. It has risen from ₹1 per litre
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duty on the export of aviation turbine fuel (ATF), also known as jet fuel. This marks a departure from the absence
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of such a levy in the past.
3. Tax Trigger Points: These enhanced taxes on diesel and ATF exports are activated when the product cracks (or
margins) exceed $20 per barrel.
India's July wholesale price index falls less than expected on food prices
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 In July, the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) continued to exhibit deflationary trends for the fourth consecutive month,
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although the decline was notably mitigated by a substantial increase in food and primary article prices. While the
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overall WPI deflation shrank from June’s 92-month low of -4.1% to -1.36%, a surge of over 7.5% in food and primary
article prices played a pivotal role in this shift.
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 Primary food article inflation reached an impressive 14.3% in July, marking its highest level in nearly a decade. The
surge in vegetable pricestr-was 2Q4O4S4R7S striking, with an 81.1% spike compared to June and a 62.1% increase from
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8% to 9%.
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the previous year. Other staples like milk, wheat, cereals, pulses, and paddy saw year-on-year price hikes of over
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 While several food items experienced substantial price escalations, potatoes and fruits saw declines of 24.4% and
8.9%, respectively, in comparison to last July. However, the price of potatoes did increase by 8% from June. Onions,
too, witnessed a notable price increase of nearly 28% since June 2023 and 7.13% from July 2022.
Wipro Launched Center Of Excellence On Generative AI at IIT Delhi

 Wipro Limited has announced the establishment of a groundbreaking Center of Excellence (CoE) on Generative
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in partnership with the esteemed Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi. This
collaboration manifests Wipro’s commitment to drive continuous innovation 4S4R7S
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 The CoE’s launch resonates as a significant milestone within Wipro’s larger strategic vision, the Wipro ai360
ecosystem, which earmarks a staggering $1 billion investment toward catalyzing AI-led innovation.
 The Wipro CoE on Generative AI is strategically nested within the Yardi School of Artificial Intelligence (ScAI) at
IIT Delhi.
 With its roots embedded within the vibrant academic ecosystem of IIT4A
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foundational and applied research.
 Its overarching objectives encompass the nurturing of exceptional talent, forging new horizons of innovation, and
propelling the state of the art in this pivotal field of Generative AI.
Digital India expansion gets ₹14903 crore outlay
 In a significant development, the cabinet has given its nod to the extension of the Digital India project, allocating a
substantial budget of ₹14,903 crore. Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced this decision, highlighting that
the extended initiative will build upon the achievements of its previous iteration.
 Under the ambit of this extended Digital India project, several crucial objectives have been outlined, each aimed at
bolstering India’s technological capabilities:
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1. IT Professional Upskilling: A substantial portion of the allocated funds will be directed towards the reskilling and
upskilling of approximately 5.25 lakh IT professionals. This effort is intended to enhance the digital proficiency of
the workforce.
2. IT Training: An equally important focus area is the training of around 2.65 lakh individuals in the field of
information technology, equipping them with valuable skills for the digital age.
3. Expansion of Supercomputing Infrastructure: As a part of the National Supercomputing Mission, the extension plan
includes the addition of nine more supercomputers. This move is set to amplify India’s computational capabilities,
contributing to scientific research and innovation.
4. Digital Empowerment for Enterprises: The Digital India project aims to extend the benefits of the Digilocker app
to micro, small, and medium enterprises. By leveraging this app, these enterprises can conveniently access credit
and other services, with their documents securely stored and verified.
5. Information Security Training: Around 2.65 lakh individuals will receive training in information security through
the Information Security and Education Awareness Phase (ISEA) Programme. This initiative is crucial in the age of
increasing cyber threats.
6.
staggering 12 crore college students. This educational effort aims to equip the younger generation with the
knowledge and skills to navigate the digital world safely.
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Cyber Awareness for Students: A significant stride in the project involves conducting cyber awareness courses for a
.
7. Enhancement of Cyber Forensics: The expansion of CertIn, which specializes in cyber forensics, emergency
response, and cyber diagnosis, is also on the cards. This expansion will bolster India’s capabilities in handling cyber
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threats effectively.
8. Strengthening National Knowledge Network: The National Knowledge Network, currently connecting 1,787
9.
collaboration and information exchange among academia and research.
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universities and research institutes, will be elevated to the status of Digital India Infoways. This move will foster
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AI Center of Excellence: Acknowledging the significance of artificial intelligence, a center of excellence in this field
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sustainability.
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will be established. This center will explore AI applications in critical sectors such as agriculture, health, and
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Cyber Security Advancements: The extended project includes initiatives to enhance cyber security, including tool
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development and integration of over 200 sites with the National Cyber Coordination Centre.
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CRISIL forecasts India’s GDP growth at 6% next fiscal
 Crisil, a prominent rating agency, anticipates India’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth to reach 6% in the fiscal
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year 2024. This projection is lower than the 7% estimated by the National Statistical Organisation (NSO) for the
fiscal year 2023.
 Crisil offers an optimistic medium-term outlook for the Indian economy. The agency foresees the economy
maintaining an average growth rate of 6.8% over the next five fiscal years. This projection is driven by factors such
as increased capital investment and productivity enhancements.
 The global economic environment is currently clouded by complex geopolitical events and persistently high
inflation. As a result, central banks have resorted to sharp interest rate hikes to counter inflationary pressures,
leading to a more challenging global landscape.
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 Crisil identifies the peak effect of interest rate hikes as a crucial factor for the Indian economy in fiscal year 2024.
The agency notes that the cumulative increase of 250 basis points in interest rates since May 2022 has elevated rates
above pre-Covid-19 levels. This impact is expected to unfold in the coming fiscal year.
Axis Bank partners with RBI innovation hub to launch KCCs

 In a significant partnership, Axis Bank has joined forces with the Reserve Bank
4A7B Innovation Hub (RBIH), a subsidiary
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of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), to introduce two groundbreaking lending products. These products are powered
by the Public Tech Platform for Frictionless Credit (PTPFC), a pioneering initiative launched by RBIH.
 Digital Agricultural Financing: Axis Bank is set to revolutionize agricultural financing by launching the Kisan Credit
Card (KCC) through the PTPFC platform.
 Initial Rollout: As a pilot project, the KCC will be initially offered in Madhya Pradesh, catering to the agricultural
community in the region.
 Limit and Accessibility: Eligible customers will be able to access KCCs with a credit limit of up to Rs 1.6 lakh,
empowering them to invest in their agricultural endeavors.
 Streamlined Application Process: The entire application process for KCC will be conducted digitally, eliminating
the need for customers to submit physical documents.
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RBI launched UDGAM portal: You can get unclaimed bank deposits with ease now
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has unveiled a groundbreaking solution for individuals seeking their unclaimed
deposits. Named the UDGAM (Unclaimed Deposits – Gateway to Access Information) portal, this centralized web
platform is designed to simplify the process of locating unclaimed deposits across various banks. Here’s a
comprehensive breakdown of the key features and steps involved:
 The RBI’s UDGAM portal serves as a user-friendly tool for individuals to track down their unclaimed deposits
seamlessly, consolidating information from multiple banks into a single accessible location. With the growing
prevalence of unclaimed deposits, RBI has been proactively promoting awareness campaigns to educate the public
about this issue. Through UDGAM, RBI aims to empower citizens to identify their unclaimed deposits and engage
with their respective banks to initiate claims.
 The UDGAM portal simplifies the process of identifying and claiming unclaimed deposits by streamlining the steps
involved. RBI collaborated with Reserve Bank Information Technology Pvt Ltd (ReBIT), Indian Financial
Technology & Allied Services (IFTAS), and select banks to develop this platform.
RBI allows IDF-NBFCs to raise money via external commercial borrowings

 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recently introduced updated guidelines for Infrastructure Debt Fund-Non-
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Banking Financial Companies (IDF-NBFCs). These revisions aim to enhance the role of IDF-NBFCs in financing the
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infrastructure sector and to align the regulations governing infrastructure sector financing by Non-Banking
Financial Companies (NBFCs). The review of these guidelines has been carried out in collaboration with the
Government of India.
Enhanced Capital Requirements
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1. Net Owned Fund (NOF) Requirement: Under the new guidelines, IDF-NBFCs are mandated to maintain a minimum
Net Owned Fund (NOF) of Rs 300 crore. This measure ensures that these entities possess adequate financial
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strength to engage significantly in infrastructure financing.
2. Capital Adequacy (CRAR): The revised norms stipulate a Capital-to-Risk Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) of at least
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15%, with a minimum Tier 1 capital of 10%. This capital adequacy requirement safeguards the financial stability of
IDF-NBFCs as they channel funds 4S4R7S
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Canara Bank introduces UPI interoperable digital rupee mobile app
 Canara Bank, a leading player in the Indian banking sector, has taken a monumental step by introducing the UPI
interoperable digital rupee mobile application. This move places Canara Bank at the forefront of innovation,
becoming the first bank across both the public and commercial sectors to offer this pioneering feature. The app,
named the Canara Digital Rupee app, marks a significant milestone as a part of the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI)
Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) pilot project.
 This forward-thinking initiative empowers customers to seamlessly complete transactions through their
smartphones. With the Canara Digital Rupee app, customers can effortlessly scan merchant UPI QR codes,
facilitating payments using the digital currency. This streamlined process
4S4R7Sbrings a new level of convenience to
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digital payments, enhancing the overall transaction experience for users.
LIC gets 6.66% stake in Jio Financial Services through demerger process
 Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) has announced its acquisition of a 6.7% stake in Jio Financial Services (JFSL), a
non-banking financial services unit that emerged from the conglomerate helmed by Mukesh Ambani – Reliance
Industries. The acquisition, carried out through a demerger action7Gby Reliance
4A7B Industries, is poised to have a notable
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impact on both entities and the broader financial markets.
 Jio Financial Services made its debut on the stock exchanges on August 21, entering the financial markets with a
promising trajectory. The company, post-listing, boasted a market capitalization of approximately Rs 1.60 lakh
crore, indicative of the investor interest and confidence in its potential. Despite its strong market capitalization,
the stock faced challenges in its initial trading sessions.
 The stock experienced a downward trajectory for the second consecutive session, hitting the lower circuit limit – a
threshold set by the stock exchanges to curb excessive volatility – for both BSE and NSE. The stock’s price declined
by 4.99% to Rs 239.20 on BSE and by 5% to Rs 236.45 on NSE. This phenomenon has led to discussions regarding
the market’s reaction to the demerger and the implications of this volatility on the company’s valuation.
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BHEL manufactures first set of indigenous SCR Catalysts to limit NOx emission
 In a significant stride towards environmental responsibility, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL), a prominent
state-owned engineering company, has successfully developed the first set of indigenous Selective Catalyst Reactors
(SCR) Catalysts. These catalysts play a crucial role in mitigating nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from thermal power
plants. Previously reliant on imports, this achievement underscores the ‘Make in India’ initiative championed by
the government.
 Underlining their commitment to self-reliance and national innovation, BHEL has crafted a monumental milestone
by producing homegrown SCR Catalysts. The catalysts are integral to tackling NOx emissions, a prevalent pollutant
resulting from coal combustion in thermal power plants. This development aligns perfectly with the ‘Make in India’
campaign, boosting indigenous manufacturing and self-sufficiency.
First time in 4 years, MFIs overtake banks in microlending with 40% share
 After a four-year interval, standalone Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) have reclaimed their dominant position in
microlending, surpassing banks. This resurgence is attributed to their recovery from pandemic-induced setbacks
and strategic efforts, with standalone MFIs now holding a 40% share of microfinance loans in the country.
 The pandemic had severely impacted MFIs, causing a significant drop in collections and disbursals.
 Standalone MFIs have shown remarkable growth, rebounding from a 32% share in FY20 to 40% in FY23.
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 Banks, on the other hand, saw a decline in their microlending share from 44% in FY21 to 34% in FY23.
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 The microfinance industry witnessed a robust 37% growth in FY23, driven by a favorable macroeconomic climate
and renewed demand.
 This growth translated into higher disbursements and expansion of the microfinancing landscape.
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LEGAL CURRENT AFFAIRS
put it simply, it cannot be classified as murder as it
1. Current Legal Set – August 2023Recently, the Lok
has not been included in the Indian Penal Code. In
Sabha and Rajya Sabha passed the Cinematograph
July 2017, the Supreme Court in the case of Tahseen
(Amendment) Bill, 2023. The bill expands the scope
s. Poonawala v. UOI said that it was the “sacrosanct
of the law from censorship to also cover copyright
duty” of the state to protect the lives of its citizens.
and introduces stringent anti-piracy provisions. The
The Supreme Court in this case aptly referred to mob
bill aims to amend the existing Cinematograph Act
lynching as a ‘horrendous act of mobocracy.’
of 1952. The bill aims to deter piracy of films by
Source: https://www.thehindu.com/specials/text-
imposing strict penalties on individuals involved in
and-context/states-lax-response-to-
unauthorized audio-visual recording and
lynching/article67138604.ece
distribution of copyrighted content. The provisions
m
include: Imprisonment from 3 months to 3 years and
Fines from Rs. 3 lakhs to 5% of the audited gross 3. The Geographical Indications Registry in Chennai
production cost. The amendment bill introduces a
new age rating system for films that require adult
supervision. The current U/A rating, which covers a
o
has awarded Geographical Indication (GI) tags to
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seven products from different regions of India,
.
showcasing the country's diverse craftsmanship.
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broad age range, will be split into three distinct New GI Tags for Indian Crafts:
categories: U/A 7+: Films suitable for children above  'Jalesar Dhatu Shilp' - a metal craft from Jalesar,
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the age of 7 with parental guidance. U/A 13+: Films Uttar Pradesh, known for decorative metal
suitable for children above the age of 13 with crafts and brassware.
parental guidance. U/A 16+: Films suitable for
children above the age of 16 with parental guidance.
This new classification system aligns with the
an k  Goa's 'Mankurad Mango', also called

'Malcorada', represents a unique variety of
mangoes.
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graded-age classifications implemented for  'Goan Bebinca' - the traditional Indo-Portuguese
streaming platforms under the IT Rules, 2021 and pudding, known as the 'queen of Goan desserts'.
Shyam Benegal Committee recommendations
(2017).
Source:
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o
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p  Rajasthan's four GI tags:

 Udaipur Koftgari Metal Craft
 Bikaner Kashidakari Craft
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https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rajya-
sabha-passes-cinematograph-amendment-bill-
2023-aimed-at-curbing-film-
piracy/article67127843.ece#:~:text=The%20Rajya%2
0Sabha%20on%20July,censorship%20to%20also%2
0cover%20copyright.
 Jodhpur Bandhej Craft
 Bikaner Usta Kala Craft
The GIs are given under the Geographical
Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999. The Geographical Indications of Goods
(Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 (GI Act) is a
sui generis Act of the Parliament of India for
2. The National Federation of Indian Women (NFIW) protection of geographical indications in India.
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has filed a petition in the Supreme Court. The tr-5M 7T2Q4O4Shttps://affairscloud.com/7-products-from-
Source:
Supreme court seeks an explanation for the rajasthan-goa-up-get-geographical-indication-tag/
consistent failure of the Ministry of Home Affairs
and six state governments (Maharashtra, Odisha,
Rajasthan, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Haryana) to
4. Recently the Union Home Minister introduced three
new Bills in the Lok Sabha that propose a complete
act against lynching and mob violence on Muslims overhaul of the country’s criminal justice system.
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by cow vigilantes. Mob lynching is an act of tr-5I7G2I4G4B
The three Bills are: The Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita Bill,
collective violence perpetrated by a large group of 2023, which will replace the IPC, 1860, The Bhartiya
individuals, involving attacks on either a person's Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita Bill, 2023, which will
body or property, whether in public or private replace the CrPC, 1898 and The Bharatiya Sakshya
settings. Mob lynching is a violation of human Bill, 2023, which will replace the Evidence Act, 1872.
dignity, Article 21 of the Constitution, and a gross
infringement of the Universal Declaration of Human Proposed Changes in the Bharatiya Nyay
Rights. Such incidents violate the Right to Sanhita Bill, 2023:
Equality(Articles 14) and Prohibition of  The bill defines terrorism and offenses such as
discrimination, (Article 15). Mob Lynching is separatism, armed rebellion against the
nowhere mentioned in the law of the land and is to
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government, challenging the sovereignty of the  The bill makes video-recording of statement of
country, which were earlier mentioned under survivors of sexual violence compulsory, which
different provisions of law. can help in preserving evidence and preventing
 It repeals the offense of sedition, which was coercion or manipulation.
widely criticized as a colonial relic that curbed  The bill mandates that police must inform about
free speech and dissent. the status of a complaint in 90 days, which can
 It prescribes capital punishment as the enhance accountability and transparency.
maximum sentence for mob lynching, which
has been a menace in recent years. Proposed Changes in Bharatiya Sakshya Bill,
 The bill introduces community service as a form 2023:
of punishment for specific crimes, which can  The bill defines electronic evidence as any
help in reforming offenders and reducing information generated or transmitted by any
overcrowding in prisons. device or system that is capable of being stored
 The bill fixes a maximum limit of 180 days to file or retrieved by any means.
a charge sheet, which can speed up the trial
process and prevent indefinite delays.
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 It lays down specific criteria for admissibility of
electronic evidence such as authenticity,
integrity, reliability etc., which can prevent
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.
Proposed Changes in the Bhartiya Nagrik misuse or tampering of digital data.
 It provides for special provisions for
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Suraksha Sanhita Bill, 2023:
 It promotes the use of technology for trials, admissibility of DNA evidence such as consent,
appeals, and recording depositions, allowing chain of custody etc., which can enhance
video-conferencing for proceedings.
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5. SUPREME COURT DIRECTS HIGH COURTS, STATE DGPS TO

ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH ARNESH KUMAR GUIDELINES TO
AVOID UNNECESSARY ARRESTS
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The Court directed all thetr-High
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Courts
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instructions regarding these guidelines and to ensure strict compliance with the same.
T The Supreme Court on Monday ordered

the issue of circulars, notifications and
instructions to ensure that police
authorities and criminal courts strictly
adhere to the guidelines on arrest laid
down in the 2014 Arnesh
Kumar case. [Md. Asfak Alam v. State of
Jharkhand and Another].
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tr-5M7T2Q4O In the 2014 Arnesh Kumar case, the
Supreme Court had take note of the
misuse of Section 498A (cruelty to
woman) of the Indian Penal Code,
especially in connection with dowry
demands. In view of how this law is
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to ensure that arrests are avoided unless
necessary.
A division bench of Justices S Ravindra Bhat and Aravind Kumar has now ordered High Courts to frame the directions
issued in the Arnesh Kumar case in the form of notifications and guidelines to be followed by Sessions Courts and other
criminal courts.
Likewise, the Directors General of Police in all States were directed to ensure strict compliance with such guidelines.
The issue of such directives, guidelines and departmental circulars are to be issued within eight weeks, the Court added.
Further, the concerned authorities are to file an affidavit of compliance before the Supreme Court in ten weeks’ time,
the bench added.
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The Court issued these directions while granting bail to a man accused of various offences in a matrimonial dispute,
including dowry harassment, cruelty and criminal intimidation.
The bench found that the High Court, in this case, had mechanically rejected an anticipatory bail plea moved by the
accused and, instead, ordered the accused to surrender before the trial court and seek regular bail.
After the accused moved an appeal before the Supreme Court, the top court reiterated that bail should ordinarily be
granted, considering an individual's right to personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution.
The bench acknowledged that in serious cases, the Court may use its discretion to grant or reject bail depending on the
gravity of the alleged offence, the ability of the accused to influence the investigation, the likelihood of the accused
absconding etc.
However, in the present case, the Court found that the accused had cooperated with the investigation and that were
no startling features or elements to disentitle the accused from being granted pre-arrest bail.
The Supreme Court further opined that since the chargesheet was also filed, the High Court ought to have granted bail
as a matter of course.
"However, the court did not do so but mechanically rejected and, virtually, to rub salt in the wound directed the appellant
error in adopting such a casual approach,” the Supreme Court found.

Therefore, the bench set aside the order of the High Court and allowed the bail plea.
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to surrender and seek regular bail before the Trial Court. Therefore, in the opinion of this court, the High Court fell into
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6. MEDIATION BILL, 2021 PASSED IN RAJYA SABHA
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The Bill requires individuals to try and resolve civil or commercial disputes through mediation before resorting to any
court or tribunal.
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The Mediation Bill, 2021, which aims to promote and facilitate mediation, was passed by the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday.
Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and

Justice headed by Sushil Kumar
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The Bill was introduced on December 20, 2021 before being referred to a Parliamentary Standing Committee on
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Modi.
The committee submitted its report to4S4R7S
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the Rajya Sabha chairperson on July 13,
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2022.
According to the text, the Bill aims
to "promote and facilitate
mediation, especially institutional
mediation, for resolution of
disputes, commercial or otherwise,
enforce mediated settlement
agreements, provide for a body for
registration of mediators, to
4S4R7S
encourage community mediation tr-5M7T2Q4O
and to make online mediation as
acceptable and cost effective
process and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto."
The Bill requires individuals to try and resolve civil or commercial disputes through mediation before resorting to any
court or tribunal.
2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I7Gthe
After two mediation sessions, a party will be allowed to withdraw from process. The mediation process itself should
be completed within 180 days, with the possibility of extending it by another 180 days if the parties agree.
To oversee the mediation process, the Mediation Council of India will be established. Its responsibilities include
registering mediators and recognizing mediation service providers and mediation institutes, which are involved in
training and certifying mediators.
Certain disputes are deemed inappropriate for mediation such as those involving criminal prosecution or impacting the
rights of third parties. The Central government has the authority to amend this list if needed.
In cases where the parties agree, they can appoint any individual as a mediator. If an agreement cannot be reached on
the mediator, they can seek the assistance of a mediation service provider which will appoint a mediator from its panel
of qualified mediators.
w 6390573333
98
The agreements resulting from successful mediation will be legally binding and enforceable in the same manner as court
judgments.
The Bill has received criticism for making participation in pre-litigation mediation mandatory, which goes against the
traditional voluntary nature of mediation.
Another major concern is that the Mediation Council, tasked with regulating mediators' profession, lacks adequate
representation of experienced practitioners unlike other professional regulators like the Bar Council of India (BCI).
Additionally, the Council requires prior approval from the Central government for its regulations, raising questions
about the government's potential involvement as a party to mediations.
Moreover, the Bill doesn't provide for enforcement of settlement agreements from international mediations conducted
outside India.
7. SUPREME COURT STAYS CONVICTION OF RAHUL GANDHI IN

DEFAMATION CASE FOR REMARK ON MODI SURNAME
m
Gandhi's Lok Sabha membership will stand restored with the stay on his conviction.
The Supreme Court on Friday stayed the conviction and two-year jail term imposed on Congress leader Rahul Gandhi
by a Gujarat court in a criminal defamation case for his remark "All thieves have Modi surname" [Rahul Gandhi vs
Purnesh Ishwarbhai Modi and anr].
.c o
rs
A bench of Justices BR Gavai, PS Narasimha and PV
Sanjay Kumar said that the trial court did not give any
e
specific reasons for imposing the maximum
punishment of two years' imprisonment prescribed
an k
under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) for the offence of
defamation though the offence is a non-cognizable
one.
r
The apex court further noted that that the
ramifications of the ruling (of conviction) are wide and
tr-5M7T2Q4O
o
4S4R7S
p affect the rights of electorate of Wayanad, the

constituency which Gandhi was representing as a
member of parliament (MP) in the Lok Sabha.
T He had been disqualified from parliament after his

conviction in the case.
"We are of the considered view that the ramification of subsection (3) of Section 8 of the [Representation of People] Act
are wide-ranging. They not only affect the right of the appellant to continue in public life but also affect the right of the
electorate, who have elected him, to represent their constituency. We are of the considered view, taking into consideration
the aforesaid aspects and particularly that no reasons have been given by the learned Trial Judge for imposing the
maximum sentence which has the effect of incurring disqualification under Section 8(3) of the Act, the order of conviction
needs to be stayed, pending hearing of the present appeal," the top court ordered.
With this order, Gandhi's membership to Lok Sabha from Wayanad tr-5Mwould stand
7T2Q4O4S 4R7S restored.
Pendency of appeal would not come in way of appellate court in deciding appeal in accordance with law, the Court
added.
The Court in its order underscored that the trial judge was expected to give reasons for imposing maximum punishment
for a non-cognizable offence.
"Except the admonition given to the appellant by this Court in contempt proceedings ... no other reason has been assigned
by the learned Trial Judge while imposing the maximum sentence oftr-two 7B the sentence been even a day lesser,
5I7Gyears 4AHad
2I4G4B...
the provisions of subsection (3) of Section 8 of the Act would not have been attracted. Particularly, when an offence is non-
cognizable, bailable and compoundable, the least that the Trial Judge was expected to do was to give some reasons as to
why, in the facts and circumstances, he found it necessary to impose the maximum sentence of two years," the Court said.
The Court also noted that the Sessions Court and the Gujarat High Court too did not go into that aspect.
"Though the learned Appellate Court and the learned High Court have spent voluminous pages while rejecting the
application for stay of conviction, these aspects have not even been touched," the order noted.
At the same time, the Court also said that persons in public life should exercise caution while making statements.
"No doubt that the alleged utterances by the appellant are not in good taste. A person in public life is expected to exercise
a degree of restraint while making public speeches. However, as has been observed by this Court while accepting affidavit
w 6390573333
99
of the appellant herein in aforementioned contempt proceedings, the appellant herein ought to have been more careful
while making the public speech."
Gandhi moved the top court after a Magistrate court convicted him and a Sessions Court as well as the Gujarat High
Court refused to stay the conviction.
The Supreme Court had last month issued notice on the plea by Congress leader.
Gandhi's plea before the apex court was limited to a prayer for stay on conviction and two-year sentence imposed by
the Magistrate court.
The Congress leader was convicted by a Magistrate court in Surat on March 23 for his remark that he had made at an
election rally in Karnataka's Kolar constituency, in 2019.
Gandhi had, in his speech linked Prime Minister Narendra Modi with fugitives like Nirav Modi and Lalit Modi.
He had said,
"Nirav Modi, Lalit Modi, Narendra Modi. How come all the thieves have 'Modi' as a common surname?"
The proceedings in the instant case arose after Purnesh Modi, a former BJP Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA), had
taken exception to the the remarks in question, claiming that Gandhi humiliated and defamed persons with the Modi
surname.
o
The magistrate court accepted the contention of Modi that by his speech, Gandhi has intentionally insulted the people
with a 'Modi' surname.
c m
.
In his 168-page judgment, Judge Hadirash Varma said that since Gandhi is a Member of Parliament (MP), whatever he
says will have a greater impact. Thus, he should have exercised restraint, the Magistrate ruled.
rs
A sessions court in Surat had, on April 20, dismissed Gandhi's plea seeking suspension of his conviction by the
Magistrate court.
top court.
k e
Gandhi then moved the High Court, which too refused to extend relief to him leading to the present appeal before the
Purnesh Modi in his counter-affidavit before the Supreme Court contended that Gandhi has remained arrogant
and refused to apologise.
an
In response, the Congress leader remained steadfast in his stance that he is not guilty of the offence of criminal
defamation.
r
p
He said that if he wanted to apologise and compound the offence, he could have done it much earlier.
4S 4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
To
During the hearing today, Senior Advocate Abhishek Manu Singhvi, appearing for Gandhi, said that 'Modi' is not a
homogenous community and hence, the offence of defamation will not lie.
"There is no uniformity, homogeneity. Then he (complainant) himself says he adopted the Modi surname later on," Singhvi
said.
He also emphasised that for the offence of criminal defamation to be made out, there should be an intention to harm
the reputation of the
"There is an explanation 4 in Section 499 IPC (which defines defamation). There needs to be intention to cause harm
to reputation," he said.
It was further pointed out that it is a non-cognisable offence and Gandhi was handed down the maximum punishment
prescribed for the offence.
7T2Q4O 4S4R7S
"In democracy we have dissent, in democracy we have disagreement. tr-5M What we call 'shaleen' bhasha'," Singhvi argued.
On the claims that Gandhi has criminal antecedents, it was pointed out that most of the case against have been filed by
BJP office bearers or workers.
Pertinently, there has been no conviction yet in any case, it was highlighted.
"Everybody aggrieved is a BJP office bearer or a karyakarta. But we are not on that. In the list of criminal cases, these are
no conviction ones," Singhvi said.
2I4G4B4A7B
tr-5I7GGandhi
He also highlighted how the Magistrate Court cited a new case against in its judgment though the complainant
himself had not alleged that in his plea.
"A new offence not alleged by complainant is found against me in para 43," Singhvi stated.
Singhvi also alleged non-compliance with evidentiary law.
"Complainant says he got a WhatsApp of a newspaper cutting. That is the case. He does not say who gave it. Under 313 he
records statement. The actual speech is not proved as per provisions of (Indian) Evidence Act," he said.
There was no evidence of the speech until a witness named Ganesh Ghyanchi appeared on the scene, Singhvi elaborated.
"For 21 months he was not there, he is a BJP karyakarta who was invented," Singhvi said.
"Not a karyakarta, he is an important functionary he says," Justice Gavai said.
"He came just to validate," replied Singhvi.
w 6390573333
100
Senior Advocate Mahesh Jethmalani, appearing for Purnesh Modi, said that Gandhi's intention was to defame
everyone with Modi surname.
"His intention was to defame every person with the surname Modi just because it is the same as that of a Prime Minister.
You have defamed an entire class out of malice," Jethmalani said.
"How many politicians would remember what they spoke after addressing 10-15 gatherings a day," asked Justice Gavai.
"You (Rahul Gandhi) are facing a trial and there is evidence against you. This is an entire class defamed. It is an identifiable
community," Jethmalani said.
"At this stage we are not on the merits," the Court said.
"Law is well settled. You must have a very strong point to negate the sentence without reassessing evidence. Appeal is
pending before sessions court. What is the tearing hurry," Jethmalani responded.
"One of the factors is .. if a constituency in parliament goes unrepresented, is it not a ground? There is no whisper by
the trial judge for the need to impose the maximum sentence. You are not only affecting the right of one individual but
an entire electorate of a constituency. Has he (Magistrate) touched on this? He says merely because one is MP it can't
be grounds for special concession," Justice Gavai responded.
Justice Gavai also said that the trial court has "preached" a lot.
o m
"He gives quite a lot of preachings as to what is expected, makes an interesting reading. Some of the judgments coming
from the Ld Solicitor General's State makes for interesting reading," Justice Gavai further remarked.
c
.
Had Gandhi been given a sentence of 1 year 11 months he would not have been disqualified as an MP, the bench said.
"He has said Prime Minister was indicted by the Supreme Court in Rafale case. He said that the Court said 'Chowkidaar
rs
Chor hain'. He said if you go looking you will find more chors (thieves) named Modi. It is the right of a constituency to
elect someone who is not a convict," argued Jethmalani.
"What was the need for the maximum period of sentence," asked Justice Narasimha.
k e
Besides Senior Counsel Abhishek Manu Singhvi, Senior Advocates Rajinder Cheema, Prashanto Chandra Sen,
and Harin Raval, and advocates Tarannum Cheema and Prasanna appeared for Gandhi.
and Mugdha Pande.
r an
Purnesh Modi was represented by Senior Advocate Mahesh Jethmalani along with advocates PS Sudheer, Harsh Tolia
8. PRESIDENT GIVES
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4S4R7S
o
CAPITAL TERRITORY OF DELHI (AMENDMENT) ACT 2023
p
ASSENT TO GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL
T
The Rajya Sabha had passed the Bill on August 7. The Bill will replace the Delhi Services Ordinance promulgated by the
President of India on May 19.
The President of India Droupadi Murmu on

Friday granted assent to the Government of
National Capital Territory of Delhi
(Amendment) Act 2023.
The Delhi Services Bill, now named
the 4S
Government of National Capital Territory of
tr-5M7T2Q 4O 4R7S
Delhi (Amendment) Act, 2023, would be
deemed to have been in effect since May 19,
2023, as per the notification.
The Rajya Sabha had passed the bill on August
7 to replace the Delhi Services Ordinance that
was earlier
4A7B promulgated by the President of
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
India on May 19.
131 Members of Parliament (MPs) voted in
favour of the passage of the bill while 102 MPs voted against it.
Before this, the Lok Sabha passed the bill through a voice vote on August 3.
The bill provides for the formation of a National Capital Civil Service Authority (Authority).
The Delhi Chief Minister shall be the ex-officio chairperson whereas the Chief Secretary will be an ex-officio member of
this body. The Principal Home Secretary of the Delhi government will be the ex-officio Member Secretary of the
Authority.
All matters before the Authority will be decided by voting of the members.
“All recommendations of the authority shall be authenticated by the member secretary,” states sub-clause 4 of Section
45E.
w 6390573333
101
The nature and categories of officers and other employees meant to assist the Authority in discharging its functions will
be determined by the Central government in consultation with the Authority.
Under Section 45C, the Central government may make rules on the tenure, salaries, allowances, etc., of officers
appointed to various services in Delhi, and the powers, functions, duties, transfers, penalty procedures, etc. of such
officers and employees.
According to Section 45H(1), the Authority shall have the responsibility to recommend the transfers and postings of all
Group ‘A’ (IAS) officers and officers of Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Daman and Diu and Dadra and
Nagar Haveli Civil Services (DANICS) serving in the Delhi government.
The Authority can also recommend to the Lieutenant Governor (LG) matters of vigilance or otherwise for disciplinary
proceedings against public servants working in the Delhi government. The LG may then pass appropriate orders.
Besides, policy decisions will be undertaken by the LG on the recommendations of the Authority.
The ordinance replaced by this bill, titled the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment)
Ordinance, was promulgated on May 19.
It amended the 1991 Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act to give overriding powers to the Lieutenant
Governor (LG) of Delhi when it came to the transfer, posting, and control over officers in Delhi.
o m
The Ordinance stated that it is in the larger national interest that the people of the entire country have some role in the
administration of the national capital through the democratically elected Central government.
c
.
This move came after the Supreme Court restored power over the services to the Delhi government on May 11.
The apex court had held that the Delhi government would have control over all services in the national capital, including
rs
the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), except those pertaining to land, police, and law and order.
In a unanimous judgment, a Constitution Bench of Chief Justice of India (CJI) DY Chandrachud and Justices MR
Shah, Krishna Murari, Hima Kohli and PS Narasimha had held,
k e
"The legislative power of NCT Delhi under Entry 41 would extend to IAS and it shall control them even if they are not
recruited by the NCT Delhi. However, it would not extend to the services which comes under land, law and order and
police and law and order."
r an
police. Lieutenant Governor (LG) shall be bound by the decision of NCT Delhi over services apart from land,
9. ACCUSATIONS MADE
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4S4R7S
o
GOOD FAITH CANNOT ATTRACT OFFENCE OF DEFAMATION:
p
IN COMPLAINT TO LAWFUL AUTHORITY IN
T
SUPREME COURT
The Court relied on Exception 8 to Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code to note that allegations made in a complaint
addressed to the SDM will constitute the offence of defamation.
The Supreme Court recently reiterated that accusations made in a complaint against a person, in good faith, to those
who have lawful authority over such person, will not constitute the offence of defamation [Kishore Balkrishna Nand
v. State of Maharashtra and Another].
A Division Bench of Justices JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra was hearing an appeal against a 2009 decision of the
Bombay High Court which had refused to quash the issue of process 4O4S4R7S
tr-5Mby the
7T2Q magistrate in an alleged case of defamation.
"Exception 8 to Section 499 clearly indicates that it is not a defamation to prefer in good faith an accusation against any
person to any of those who have lawful authority over that person with regard to the subject-matter of accusation," the
order stated.
The appellant before the Court had filed a written complaint with the Sub-
Divisional Magistrate alleging that the respondent had set up a shop by
4A7B
encroaching on some land. On the basis tr-5I7G2I4G4B of this complaint, the respondent filed
a defamation case in which a magistrate issued summons to the appellant.
On an application by the appellant, the magistrate recalled the summons. In
review, the sessions court overturned the 'recall' order. The appellant
appealled this decision before the Bombay High Court, which dismissed
the same.
Aggrieved, the appellant moved the apex court.
In its analysis, the top court referred to Exception 8 to Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), and observed that
no case is made out to put the appellant to trial for the alleged offence of defamation.
The Court was also of the view that on perusing the allegations made in the complaint by the appellant, no case for
defamation has been made out against the appellant.
w 6390573333
102
While allowing the appeal, the Court set aside the High Court order and quashed the summons issued to the appellant
by the magistrate.
Advocate Anshuman Ashok appeared for the appellant. Advocate Aaditya Aniruddha Pande represented the State.
10. "IF YOU DON'T LIKE THEM, DON'T WATCH THEM": SUPREME
COURT DISMISSES PILS FOR GUIDELINES TO REGULATE TV NEWS
CHANNELS
While hearing another set of pleas earlier, a different bench of the Court had stated that news channels often give space
for hate speech and then escape without any sanctions.
The Supreme Court on Tuesday refused to entertain two petitions seeking guidelines for regulation of television news
channels and an independent board or media tribunal for grievance redressal related to content on such channels.
m
A Bench of Justices Abhay S Oka and Sanjay
Karol said that viewers were free to not watch
o
such channels, and that the freedom of
c
speech and expression of those in the
.
industry would have be to kept in mind.
rs
"Who compels you to watch all these
channels? If you do not like them, then do not
k e
watch them. When some wrong thing is
shown, it is also about perception. Is there not
freedom of expression? Even if we say no media
r an trials, how can we stop things on the internet

and all? How can we grant such prayers? Who
takes it seriously, tell us? There is freedom not
p
to press the TV button," Justice Oka
tr-5M7T2Q 4O 4S 4R 7S remarked.
To He added that those who are offended by

content on TV have legal remedies available.
"In a lighter vein, what all is said about judges on social media, Twitter; we do not take it seriously. Who will lay down
guidelines? Tell your clients not to watch these news channels, and do something better with their time."
The top court was hearing two public interest litigation (PILs), one filed by Delhi-based lawyer Reepak Kansal. He
sought the formation of an independent regulatory authority for news broadcasters to address “sensational reporting”.
As per the Economic Times, Kansal alleged that scandalous coverage of critical issues “just for the sake of viewership
and notoriety” often results in “tarnishing” of the image of an individual, a community, or a religious or political
organisation.
The charged level of content on these channels has resulted in violence among the public, the petitioner alleged.
Particularly, he prayed that the top court restrict the “assassination
tr-5M7T 4O4S4R7Sof individuals, communities, religious
of2Qdignity”
saints and religious and political organisations by these broadcasting channels in the name of “freedom of press”.
The other PIL, filed by filmmaker Nilesh Navalakha and activist Nitin Memane, prayed that a 'media tribunal' be
constituted to hear and expeditiously adjudicate complaints against media networks and television channels.
That plea claimed that the Union Ministry for Information and Broadcasting had totally failed in the discharge of its
duties and in the enforcement of the Programme Code to which television channels are expected to adhere.
4B4A
4Gthe 7B
The petitioners submitted that self-regulation of such channels cannottr-5I7G2I
be answer.
The top court had issued notice in that matter in January 2021. Notice in the lead petition was issued in August 2021.
While dismissing the lead plea, the Bench today noted that the prayers were too wide, and that a committee consisting
of a retired judge was already in place.
For the plea concerning the formation of a media tribunal, the Bench gave liberty to the counsel to move the
jurisdictional High Court and also permitted him to file representations.
"Why can't you go to the High Court, why [Article] 32 petition? Why should every matter be dealt with by the Supreme
Court? Do you think the High Courts are incompetent to hear these matters? Do not forget we are all products of the High
Courts," Justice Oka remarked.
w 6390573333
103
A different bench of the top court had taken a very dim view of the functioning of mainstream television news channels
in the country. A Bench led by Justice (retired) KM Joseph had in September stated that they often give space for hate
speech and then escape without any sanctions.
The Court earlier this flagged the fact that television channels in India are creating divisions in the society since such
channels are driven by agenda and compete to sensationalise news.
c o m
rs .
k e
r an
o
tr-5M7T2Q4O
p
4S 4R7S
T
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
w 6390573333
104
LEGAL CROSSWORD
COMPLETE THE CROSSWORD PUZZLE BELOW
c o m
rs .
k e
r an
o
tr-5M7T2Q4O
p
4S 4R7S
T
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4A7B
Across tr-5I7G2I4G4B Down
Across 2. Spoken words which are defamatory because they have a
1. Transaction in which a new contact is agreed by all parties to double meaning.
replace an existing contract. 3. the theory or philosophy of law
6. in readiness 4. An order of a court to a person to appear and give evidence
8. prevented from denying before it.
10. a body 5. Ban or order not to allow something to become law, even if it
12. Confinement to a state correctional institute or prison. has been passed by a parliament
16. A wrong or inaccurate name or term. 7. writ by which orders passed by an inferior court is quashed
17. Tort of wrongfully holding goods which belong to someone else 9. retired after long service
18. having two chambers 11. The Manner in which a case is settled or resolved
19. elsewhere 13. Voluntarily giving up or removing the conditions
20. compensation made by one member of an unmarried couple to 14. warning
the other after separation 15. the country that a person treats as their permanent home
w 6390573333
105
CROSSWORD ANSWER KEY
1. Novation 5. Veto 9. Emeritus 13. Waiver 17. Detinue
2. Innuendo 6. Impromptu 10. Corpus 14. Caveat 18. Bicameral
3. Jurisprudence 7. Certiorari 11. Disposition 15. Domicile 19. Alibi
4. Subpoena 8. Estoppel 12. Incarceration 16. Misnomer 20. Palimony
c o m
rs .
k e
r an
o
tr-5M7T2Q4O
p
4S 4R7S
T
4S4R7S
tr-5M7T2Q4O
4A7B
tr-5I7G2I4G4B
w 6390573333

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1

4. Gyanvapi Mosque Issue 9

5. Cauvery Water Dispute And Important Water Disputes In India 11

Takeaways From 15th August Speech Of Pm And Independence Day Celebration

10. Urea Gold Fertilizer

16. Current affairs practice sheet (caps) 27

19. Science & Technology tr-5M7T2Q4O

20. Appointmens & Resignations 61

21. Awards & Recognition 64

22. Books & Author 69

27. Summit's & MoU's 83

28. Banking And Economy 87

What is Mercury used for?

World Health Organisation

3. In which of the following does Mercury find a use?

ANSWER KEY &EXPLANATIONS

k e at 7 a.m. on the morning of Saturday, 19

More about Agnibaan

Distinguished from ISRO:

Indian Space Policy 2023: Towards greater private sector participation

Which of the following companies is all set to 8.

k e The Indian Space sector is expected to reach USD 50

is on track to become the country's first private

(b) The Indian space sector is predicted to reach

About the act

What is a Pattern of Racketeering Activity?

Penalty for a RICO Conviction 2Q4O4S4R

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA), 1999.

ANSWER KEY &EXPLANATIONS

k e of the convention is to promote cooperation to

p r a Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and

GYANVAPI MOSQUE ISSUE

Survey Committee's Report Submitted

Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act

16. Who is the founder of Archeological Survey of India?

k (d) Ram Jananbhoomi v. Radha Krishan

r an 19. Places of Worship (Special Provisions)

Which of the following relates to Ram Janambhoomi

Vishweshwara temple was first destroyed in the 12th

ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

CAUVERY WATER DISPUTE AND IMPORTANT WATER DISPUTES

Cauvery Water Dispute

Mahadayi Water Disputes tr-5M7T2Q4O4S4R

ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

r an 23. (a) Bhagwant Singh Mann is an Indian politician,

15TH BRICS SUMMIT

How does BRICS Operate?

26. Who coined the acronym of BRICS?

ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

About BharatNet Project

31. Who is current Minister of Communication in India?

Which of the following was renamed as Bharat Net

33. The satellite component of Phase II is being

33. (a) The satellite component of Phase II is being

How did the conflict arise?

ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

k e self-determination and a separate state.

INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATION

Focus on ‘amrit kaal’

Emphasis on yuva shakti and building an aspirational India tr-5I7G2I4G4B

Nari Shakti: Empowering women as a key element in nation building