Solution

CLASS TEST CHEMISTRY

Class 12 - Chemistry
Section A
1. Osmotic pressure (π ) = W ×R×T

M×V

W = 5 gm, R = 0·0821 L atm K-1 mol-1

V(Volume in litres) = 100

1000

= 0.1 litres, M = 60 gm/mole, T = 300 K

5×0.0821×300
π = 60×0.1

Osmotic pressure at 300K = 20.525 atm

2. PH = -Log[H+]
The cell reaction is-
+ −
H + e → H2 (g)

According to Nearest Equation

0 0.059 1
E = E − log +
n
[H ]

l
0.03 V = 0 + 0.059

1
(−log
1

+
)

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[H ]

= 0 + 0.059PH
PH = 0.03V

0.059
= 5.07 V
hri OR
Given, Λ m( CH3 COOH) = 11.7 cm2mol-1
Λ
∘

m( CH3 coo
−
)
= 40.9 S cm2mol-1
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Λ
∘

m(H
+
)
= 349.1S cm2mol-1
Λm
Degree of dissociation, α = ∘
Λm

= +Λ
.P

∘ ∘ − ∘
Λm (CH3 COOH) Λm (CH3 CO O ) m
( H+ )

∘
Λm (CH3 COOH) = (40.9 + 349.1) = 390S cm2mol-1
Λm 11.7 −2
α = ∘ = = 30 × 10
Λ 390
C

3. Order of reaction = 1

2
+ 2

1
= 2
2
or 2.5
V.

4. i. 2M nO + 5S2- + 16H+ ⟶ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5S

−

ii. C r 2 O7
2−
+ 2OH- ⟶ 2C rO
2−
4
+ H2O

5. i.

Tetraamminediaquacobalt (III) chloride

ii.

Tetraamineplatinum (II) tetrachloronickelate (II)

6. Following product is form

i.

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 ii. C H 3 − C H2 − C H − C H3
|

Cl

iii.

7. Williamson's ether Synthesis:

− +
′ ′
R − X + R O N a → R − O − R + N aX
Alkyl Sodium Ether
alkox ide
halide

− +

For e.g. C H 3I + C2 H5 O N a → C H3 O C2 H5 + N aI
Methyl Sodium Methoxyethane
iodide ethox ide

OR
i. Propan-2-ol to propanone:
CrO3 −P CC

H3 C − C H − C H3 −−−−−−−→ H3 C − C − C H3
| Oxidation ||
OH O

P ropan−2−ol P ropanone

ii. Phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol:

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8. a. A= CH3COCH3 B = CH3CH2CH3
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b. A = C6H5COCl B = C6H5CHO
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9.
.P

10. Monosaccharide Disaccharides Polysaccharides

Glucose Sucrose Glycogen

C

Fructose Maltose

Ribose Lactose
V.

Section B
11. Molar mass of urea N H C ON H = 2(1 × 14 + 2 × 1) + 1 × 12 + 1 × 16 = 60gmol
2 2
−1

1000 g of water contains 0.25 mol = (0.25 × 60) g of urea

= 15 g of urea
That is,
(1000 + 15) g of solution contains 15 g of urea
Therefore, 2.5 kg (2500 g) of solution contains = 15×2500

1000+15
g

= 36.95 g
= 37 g of urea (approximately)
Hence, mass of urea required = 37 g

12.

applying nernst equation

2+
[Mg ]
0 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell 2 [Ag 2+ ]

0 + 0 2+ 0.0591 0.2
E (Ag /Ag) − E (M g /M g) − log
2 2
−3
(10 )

0.0591 5
= +0.80V − (−2.37V ) − log(2 × 10 )
2

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 0.0591 5
= +3.17V − [log 2 + log 10 ]
2
0.0591
= +3.17V − × 5.3010
2

= +3.17V - 0.1566V
= 3.0134 V
13. i. The chemical reaction which look like higher order reaction but in real they follow lower order kinetics.
For example,
+
H

CH3 COOC2 H5 + H2 O ⟶ CH5 COOH + C2 H5 OH

Rate = K[CH3COOC2H5]
Order = 1
Ea
ii. Slope =
2.303R
= −4250K

So, Ea = -2.303 × R × Slope

= -2.303 × 8.314 J K-1 mol-1 × 4250

= 81375.3 J mol-1
= 81.375 KJ mol-1
14. The fourteen elements after actinium (89) i.e., from thorium (atomic number 90) to lawrencium (atomic number 103) are called
actinoids. The last electrons in these elements enter the f-orbitals. Their physical and chemical properties are as follows:

al
i. All actinoids are radioactive.
ii. They show +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 oxidation state.
iii. They form oxocations.

y
iv. They are paramagnetic in nature.
hri OR
i. Ti 4+

no unpaired electrons in d-orbital / no d-d transition / d configuration.

0
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ii. Mn2+ is d5 and is more stable than Mn3+ (d4) whereas Fe3+(d5) is more stable than Fe2+(d4).
iii. Because fluorine and oxygen are highly electronegative / both are strong oxidising agents.
15. When ligands approach a transition metal ion in a definite geometry, the degenerated-d-orbitals split into two sets, one with lower
.P

energy and the other with higher energy. The difference of energy between the two sets of d-orbitals is called crystal field splitting
energy. It is denoted by Δ (for octahedral complexes) and Δ (for tetrahedral complexes). It is actually, measures the crystal field
0 t

strength of the ligands.

C

i. Δ 0 > P , (pairing energy), the 4th electron pair up in one of the t2g orbitals giving the configuration t 4
2g
0
eg . Ligands which
produce this effect are known as strong field ligands and form low spin complexes.
ii. If Δ < P , the 4th electron enters one of the eg orbitals giving the configuration t 3 1
eg . Ligands for which Δ < P are
V.

o 2g o

known as weak ligands and form high spin complexes.

OR
i. [Co(NH3)5(SCN)]2+exhibit linkage isomerism due to the presence of SCN which is an ambidentate ligand and can link with
metal either through N or S.
[Co(NH3)5SCN]2+ and [Co(NH3)5NCS]2+
ii. The complex in which one or more unpaired electrons are present is a paramagnetic while, those which does not contain any
unpaired electron is diamagnetic.

Ni atom (Z = 28)

Oxidation state of Ni is +2in both the complexes i.e. [NiCl4]2- and [Ni(CN)4]2-

Ni
2+
=

In the case of [NiCl4]2-, Cl- is a weak field ligand so the pairing of electrons in 3d-orbital does not occur, hence compound is

paramagnetic with two unpaired electrons. In [Ni(CN)4]2-, CN- is a strong field ligand, hence pairing occurs and
2−
[Ni(CN)4 ] is diamagnetic.

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 iii. For tetrahedral complexes, the crystal field stabilization energy is lower than pairing energy, so they are rarely formed in the
low spin state.
16. i. Conversion of Sodium phenoxide to o-hydroxybenzoic acid involve following step:

ii. Conversion of Acetone to propene involve following step:

iii. Conversion of Phenol to chlorobenzene involve following steps:

17. The major project are:

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i.

y
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ii.
.P

C H3

Cu |

iii. (C H 3 )3 C − OH −−−→ C H3 − C = C H2
T ert. Bu tan ol 573K 2−Methylpropene

18. The following steps are involved in the conversions:

C

i. Propanal to butanone
V.

ii. Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone

iii. Benzoyl Chloride to Benzonitrile

N H3 P2 O5

C6 H5 C OC l −−−→ C6 H5 C ON H2 −−−→ C6 H5 C ≡ N
Benzoyl chloride Heat Benzamide heat Benzonitrile

OR

i.

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 ii.

iii.

19. An aromatic compound ‘A’ on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound.

where R = C6H6 .
Here, IUPAC name of A is Benzamide and its structure is

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Molecular formula of B is C6H7N. Here, IUPAC name of B is Aniline and its structure is

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B on reacting with CHCl3 and alcoholic KOH produces a foul-smelling compound ‘C’. The reaction is,
alc.KOH

RN H2 + C HC l3 −−−−−→ R − NC
.P

where R = C6H6 . Here, IUPAC name of C is Phenyl isocyanide and structure is

C

OR
V.

The aromatic compound A is benzoic acid C6H5COOH.

On treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating forms compound B, which is benzamide C6H5CONH2.
Benzamide on heating with bromine and KOH forms a compound C of molecular formula C6H7N, which is aniline C6H5NH2.
The reaction is called Hoffmann bromamide degradation.

20. a. Hydrolysis of maltose gives 2 molecules of Glucose.

b. Hydrogen bonding provides stability to α -helix structure of a protein
c. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes pernicious anaemia.

OR
a. Anomers: These are the hemi-acetal forms of glucose which differ in the configuration at C1 of hydroxyl group.
e.g.- α -glucose and β-glucose.

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b. Denaturation of proteins: When native protein is subjected to change in temperature and pH, then it loses its biological
activity.
e.g.- Curdling of milk.
c. Essential amino acids: The amino acid which do not get synthesised by our body are called essential amino acid.
e.g.-Valine.

y al
hri
ok
C .P
V.

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