GeM Comminution Index 2m core intervals

• GeM Comminution Index (JKCi) is a first-

pass index of comminution behaviour • Comparative comminution
• An adjunct to assay prep; quick turnaround Crush core at
testing of energy foot print of
(<11 min/test) 2.5:1 reduction ratio
& individual rock type textures
Measure Size Distribution
100.0
EH512_236 CI=1.61

• Estimates of comparative plant

EH512_290 CI=3.17

Percent Retained on Sieve (%)

• Able to be applied to drill core with a range
CE107_364 CI=4.29
10.0
CE107_176 CI=5.88

of sizes and geometries 1.0

throughput possible
0.1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Size Fraction (mm)

• The Ci is being routinely used for • Most effective at mine

‘production’ samples and has undergone
Prediction of Ball mill behaviour
feasibility phase
preliminary commercial trials Prediction of SAG mill behaviour JKCi CRU JKCi GRD

• Minimal sample loss and adds value to a Approximate estimate of A*b

process already being carried out. Comminution footprint domaining

In rock type context
Good estimate of BMWI

Ernest Henry Core 6.0

Test requirements
6
5.5
Experimental Replica Measurement

Cu/Au Ore (Magnetite Rich)

• Lab Crusher sieves
Cadia East Core
5.0
5 Marble
Marble 4.5
Diorite
JK C i C R U

4.0 Basalt
4 Diorite 3.5
3 Granite
3.0
Cu/Au Ore
• Constant Feed Geometry
2.5
JKTech Calibration 2.0
2 2.6% CoV for same core feed size and shape
(e.g. NQ ½ core)
Basalt
Phyllite
1.5
1.0
• Feed Method
1
PQ Q uarter

N Q Q uarter

PQ Q uarter
N Q H alf

N Q H alf

N Q H alf

PQ H alf
PQ W hole

N Q W hole

N Q W hole

N Q W hole
N Q H alf (long)
-31.5+26.5m m

-31.5+26.5m m

-53 +45m m

-22.4 +19m m
+31.5m m frag
AQ H alf

hus k
AQ W hole

(s hort)

(s hort)
1 2 3 4 5 6

• Gap Control

(s hort)

(s hort)

(s hort)
(s hort)
(long)

Crushing from
Index Measurement

frag
-37.5
JKCi CRU calculation crushed product

F rag

frag
frag
Very repeatable and robust, multiple core sizes,
shapes and natural fragments can be used as feed
•CAMSIZER can be used

Very encouraging; integration • Testing procedure can be modified to Clearly deficient as it stands and
with support information critical more work is planned in P843A
at some sites suit varying core and particle feed
300
30 geometries. Ernest Henry
Aqqaluk
250 Boddington

25 • Orientation study required to determine Cadia East

ideal
200

20
feasibility of standard protocol on

Pred A*b
Pred BMWi (kWh/t)

150
samples.
15
100

10
• Methodology in place for customization
Boddington
Sudbury 50
Cadia East
Ernest Henry
Aqqaluk
of test protocols to match results to
5 Resolution
0
orientation study.
KUC
Develop1
Develop2 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
ideal
0
Meas A*b
0 5 10 15
Meas BMWI (kWh/t)
20 25 30
• Potential for integration with loggers to

GeM Ci GRD Grinding increase the accuracy of models GeM Ci CRU Crushing
190 points, Rel. error 8.7% 422 points, Rel. error 16.2%

GeM Ci as a Comminution Domaining tool

Drill Hole UE 007 silicified monzonite dyke Hole #1- Cadia East
Drill Hole UE 022
(Cadia East Underground) 2000 9.0 (Cadia East Underground)

4.4 1900 8.0

Crus Index

Brecciated Mixed
JKCi -Crushing/Grindingx10

Intense Chlorite/ Magnetite/

Inner 4.5 Zone Alteration
Potassic 1800 7.0 Sericite zone
Mill Throughput (t/h)

Propolytic highly
Alteration Carbonate/
Crushing

Alteration brecciated
Clays 1700 6.0
JKCi CRD Crush

3.9
1600 5.0 4.0
JKCi
JKCi CRU

1500 4.0
3.4
1400 3.0 3.5
Medium Grained t/hr
Sericite/ equigranular rock Propylitic Magnetite
1300 JKCi Cr 2.0
Biotite alteration zone
JKCi Grx10
2.9
Fault 1200 1.0 3.0
450 500 550 600 Zone 650 700 750 800
696 716 736 756 778 798 818 838 858 878 898 918 938 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Depth Down Hole Depth (m)
Depth (m)

A large scale GeM JKCi laboratory trial (~13 000) has been conducted by ALS Chemex at Cadia East deposit

GeM Ci is comparative tool to supplement ore deposit database

Simon Michaux, JKMRC

Circumstances where Test Protocol doesn’t perform as well Orientation study at each deposit critical

•Friable core (pieces not the same size in each sample) •Select 10-120 end member rock types

•High clay content in rock •BMWi and RBT A*b on each

•Variable feeding (choke vs single piece at a time) •Examine GeM Ci prediction model to determine if further site

•Crusher gap CSS is left to drift specific data is required to tighten correlation

•Natural fragments that have large variation in shape