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اسئلة ومواضيع هامة خاصة بالنساء ١
اسئلة ومواضيع هامة خاصة بالنساء ١
اسئلة ومواضيع هامة خاصة بالنساء ١
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ
1436ﻩـ
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ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ
ﺁﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻫﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ:
]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ[
ﺱ /1ﻫﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺭﺃﺳﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺀ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﺰﻳﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻄﺔ ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ؟
ﺝ /ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ
ّﻤﺔ.
َ
ﻭﺗﻤﺴﺢ ﺛ
ْﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺟﻠﻬﺎ ﺧﻀﺎﺏ؟
ﺱ /2ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻭﺿﻮﺀ ﻭﺻﻼﺓَﻣ
ﺝ /ﻳﺼﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺀ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺰﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺮﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ.
ﺱ /3ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﺄ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺿﺊ ﺛﻢ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺧﻼﻟﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ؛
ﻓﻬﻞ ﻭﺿﻮﺅﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ؟
ﺝ /ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻇﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺔ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ،
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﻨﺎﺀ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻻ ﺣﺮﺝ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎ.
ﺱ /4ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﺴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ؟
ﺝ /ﺛﻼﺙ ﻏﺴﻼﺕ.
ﺱ /5ﻫﻞ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺴﺎﻟﺔ؟
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ IV
ﺱ /15ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺪﺭﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ
ﺛﻢ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱُﻳﺤﺴﺐ
ًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ؟
ﺣﻴﻀ
ﺝ /ﺍﻟﻜﺪﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺾ ﻻ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﻻ
ﺗﺼﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺣﻴﺾ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ.
َﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻻ ِﻡ ﺍﻟﻴﻮ
ﺱ /16ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺪ
ًﺎ؟ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﻀ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ؟
ِﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ َﺓ ﺍﻷﻳﺎ
ُﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩ
ًﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ،ﻓﺘﺠﻌﻞ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﻀ
ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ.
ًﺎ؟
ًﺎ؟ ﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺎﺳ ﺱ /17ﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻂ ﺣﻴﻀ
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻂ ﺣﻴﺾ ﺃﻡ ﺣﻤﻞ؟ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺣﺎﺭ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻔﺘﺖ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺩﻡ ﺣﻴﺾ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺤﻤﻞ،
ﻭﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﺘﺖ ﺑﻞ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻤﻞ.
ًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ًﺍ ﻃﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﺛﻢ ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋ
ﺱ /18ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﻤﻜﺚ ﺷﻬﺮ
ًﺎ ،ﺛﻢ ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓﺃﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ،ﺛﻢ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺮ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋ
ًﺎ؟
ﻭﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻪ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ،ﻓﺄﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﻀ
IX ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺝ /ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻯ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ،ﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﻊ
ًﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ،ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺋﺤﺘﻪ ﻭ...ﺇﻟﺦ ,ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﻀ
ﺱ /19ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺧﺮﺝ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺩﻡ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺃﺣﻴﺾ ﺃﻡ ﻧﻔﺎﺱ؟ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ
ًﺓ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﻔﺎﺱ،
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺃﻡ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺐ؟
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻠﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ؛
ﻓﺘﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﻡ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﺖ.
ﺱ /20ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﻤﺴﻮﻥ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺗﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ًﻼ ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺮ ﺇﻻ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ
ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﻠﻴ
ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻬﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺣﺎﺋﺾ ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪﺍﻫﺎ
ﻃﺎﻫﺮﺓ؟
ًﺎ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻥ.
ﺝ /ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﻀ
ﺱ /21ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ :ﺇﻧﻲ ﺃﺣﻴﺾ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ،
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ ﻳﻤﻨﻌﻮﻧﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ
ﻲ؟
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠَ
ّ
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ.
ﺱ /22ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ،ﺛﻢ ﺗﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ،ﺛﻢ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ X
ّﻤﺎ
َ
َﻠ
ِﻪَﻓ
ﺕِﺑ
ّﺮْ
َ
َﻤ
ًﻔﺎَﻓ
ِﻔﻴ
ًﻠﺎ َﺧ
ْﻤ
ﺖ َﺣ
َﻠْ
َﻤ
َﺣ
ّﻦ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ﴿ ،[6
َ
ُﻬ
َﻠ
ْﻤ
َﺣ
ﺖ] ﴾...ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ.[189
َﻠْ
َﻘ
ْﺛ
َﺃ
ﺣً ،ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻄﻔﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺃﻥ ﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻤﻼ
ﻭﺇﻥ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺛﻢ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ
ﻻ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺣﺎﺿﺖ،
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻀﻐﺔ -ﺃﻱ :ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻀﻐﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻛﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ -ﻓﺈﻧﻪ
ﻳﺼﺪﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ،
ﺃﻱ :ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻔﻴﻒ ،ﻓﺘﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻝﻣﻀﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ
ﺛًﻼ...ﺛﻢ.....
ًﻼ ﻘﻴ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺼﻴﺮ ﺣﻤ
ًﻼ ،ﺛﻢ ﺧﺮﺝ
ًﺎ ﺃﻡ ﺛﻘﻴ
ًﻼ ﺧﻔﻴﻔ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻤ
ﻋﻘﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺩﻡ -ﻟﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﻋﻘﻴﺐ
ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺩﻡ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻭﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻄﻬﺮ
ﻭﺗﺼﻠﻲ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻏﺴﻞ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺴﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﺂﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ،ﻭﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻟﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ؛ ﻷﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺲ
ﺑﻨﻔﺎﺱ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ.
]ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ؟[
ﺱ /31ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XIV
ًﺎ((.
ًﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺒﻌ
))ﺗﺤﻴﻀﻲ ﺳﺘ
ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺃﻭﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻄﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ًﺎ
ًﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺒﻌ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻬﺎ)) :ﺗﺤﻴﻀﻲ ﺳﺘ
ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﷲ((.
ًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺇﺫ
ًﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺒﻌ
ﻓﻘﺪ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﺤﻴﺾ ﺳﺘ
ﻗﺪ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻻ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ
ًﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺳﻌﻬﺎ.
ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻠﻒ ﷲ ﻧﻔﺴ
ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺍﺋﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ،
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺋﻦ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ.
ًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺗﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺴﺐ ﺳﺒﻌ
ًﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﻀﺖ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺗﺤﻴﻀﺖ ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ.
ﺣﻴﻀ
ﻓﺈﻥ ﻃﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻓﻠﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ
ًﻼ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻛﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﻈﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺋﻦ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺃﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻣﺜ
ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺬﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺘﺠﻌﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻫﻮ ﻭﻗﺖ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ،ﻭ...ﺇﻟﺦ.
ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺭﻛﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺗﺤﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ
ﻭﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ،ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ
ًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﷲ
ًﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺒﻌ
ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﺤﻴﺾ ﺳﺘ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XVI
َﻬﺎ﴾
َﻌ
ّﻟﺎُﻭْ
ﺳ َ
ِﺇ
ﺴﺎ
ْﻔً
َﻧ
ُﻪ
َ
ّﻠ
ﻒ ﺍﻟ
ّﻠُ
ِ
َﻜ
ُﻳ
َﻟﺎ
َﺮ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ﴿ ،[185
ُﻌْ
ﺴ ْﻟ
ُﻢ ﺍ
ُﻜ
ِﺑ
ُﺪ
ِﺮﻳ
ُﻳ
]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ.[286
-3ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ) ،ﻭﻻ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻳﻦ
ﻻ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ(.
ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺿﺄ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻓﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻴﻜﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻏﺴﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ.
ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺪ ﻣﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﺪ
ًﺍ؛ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪ
ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﻼﺝ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ
ًﺎ
ّﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﻀ
َ
ًﺎ ﻏ
ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻫﺐ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺷﻴﺌ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺗﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ .ﺍﻩـ ﻗﺮﺯ ،ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ.
ﺗﻤﺖ ﻗﺮﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ.
ًﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻼﺝ
ﻗﻠﺖ :ﻭﺑﻨﺎ
ًﺍ ﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ
ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ
ﻭﺗﺼﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﺟﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ
ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺩﻡ ﺣﻴﺾ.
ﻭﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ ﺑﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺠﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ
ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XVIII
]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ[
ﺱ /32ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ؟
ﺝ /ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺛﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻛﻌﺎﺕ ﻛﻞ
ﺭﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺘﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ،ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺮ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺭﻛﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻗﺪ
ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﻳﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ.
ﺱ /33ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ؟
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺘﺮﻩ ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻓﻼ ﺣﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻫﻞ.
ﺱ /34ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻭﺷﻜﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﻲ ﺻﻼﺓ
ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ،ﻓﻬﻞ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺭﻛﻌﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻕ؟
ﺝ /ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻕ.
ﺱ /35ﻫﻞ ﺗﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺩﻣﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﺋﺲ؟
ﺝ /ﻳﺠﻮﺯ.
ﺱ /36ﻭﻫﻞ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﺅﻫﺎ؟
ﺝ/ﻧﻌﻢ.
ﺱ /37ﻭﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ؟
ﺝ /ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻮﺗﺔ ،ﻭﺛﻤﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺱ /38ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﻰ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺔ ﻭﻟﻢ
XIX ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ.
ﺱ /44ﻧﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺼﻼﺓ ﺭﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ,ﻭﻟﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻊ ﺃﻥ
ﺃﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻨﻲ؟
ﺝ /ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻛﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ.
ﺱ /45ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ» :ﻓﺎﺳﻤﻊ ﻭﺃﺟﺐ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ«؛ ﻷﻥ
ﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ؟
ﷲ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﻛَ
ّ
ٌﺀ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻻ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻰ» :
ﺝ»/ﺍﺳﻤﻊ ﻭﺃﺟﺐ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ« ﺩﻋﺎ
ﺍﺳﻤﻊ« ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ :ﺃﺟﺐ ،ﻣﺜﻞ» :ﺳﻤﻊ ﷲ ﻟﻤﻦ ﺣﻤﺪﻩ«
ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺳﻤﻊ ﻳﺎ ﷲ ﻟﻤﻦ ﺣﻤﺪﻙ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ِﻜﻲ
َﺘ
َﺗْ
ﺸ َﻬﺎَﻭ
ِﺟ
ْﻭ
ﻚِﻓﻲَﺯ
ُﻟَ
ِﺩ
َﺠﺎ
ُﺗ
ِﺘﻲ
َ
ّﻟ
ﻝﺍ
ْﻮَ
ُﻪَﻗ
َ
ّﻠ
َﻊ ﺍﻟ
ِﻤ
ْﺪَ
ﺳ َﻗ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿:
ِﻪ] ﴾...ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﺩﻟﺔ ،[1:ﺃﻱ :ﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﷲ.
َ
ّﻠ
َﻟﻰ ﺍﻟ
ِﺇ
]ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺬﺭ[
ﺱ /46ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺏ
ﻭﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺏ ﻓﻬﻞ ﺗﻀﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺗﺰﻛﻴﻪ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ؟
ﺝ /ﻧﻌﻢ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ًﺎ
ﺱ /47ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻬﺮﻫﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﻧﺼﺎﺑ
ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﻛﺎﺗﻪ؟
ﺝ /ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺴﻠﻤﺘﻪ.
XXI ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺱ /48ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺳﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻫﺐ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺰﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ؟
ًﻼ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻫ
ﻣﻀﻰ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ.
ﺱ /49ﻫﻞ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ» :ﻧﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﺬﺍ« ﻧﺬﺭ؟
ُﻤﻪ
ﺏ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻜ
ُﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎُ
ﺝ /ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﺰﺍ
ِﺭ.
َﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺬ
ﺣﻜ
ًﻼ؟
َﻠﻪ ﻛﺴﺒﻌﻴﻦ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻣﺜ
ﺱ /50ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺬﺭ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻓﻌ
ﺝ /ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ.
ًﻻ ﻭﻟﻪ
ﺱ /51ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﺎ
ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ،ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻣﺘﻨﻌﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻬﺮﻫﺎ
ﻭﻣﻴﺮﺍﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻳﺎﺋﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻬﻞ
ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ؟ ﻭﻫﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ؟
ﺝ /ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ.
ﻝ( ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﻬﺎ،
َﻣﺍٍ
ﺱ /52ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻮﻯ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﻙـ )
ﻓﻤﺎ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ؟
ﺝ /ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ.
]ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ[
ًﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻘﺘﺪﺭ ﻭﻗﺎﻣﺖ
ﺱ /53ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻘﺼﺮ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XXII
ٌﺔ﴾.
َﺟ
َﺭ
ّﻦَﺩ
َ
ِﻬ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
ﻝَﻋ
َِﺟﺍ
ِ
ّﺮ
ِﻟﻠ
ﻑَﻭ
ُﺮﻭِ
ْﻌ
َﻤ
ْﻟ
ِﺑﺍ
َ
ّﻦ
ِﻬ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
ِﺬﻱَﻋ
َ
ّﻟ
ﻞﺍ
ُْﺜ
ّﻦِﻣ
َ
ُﻬ
َﻟ
َﻭ
ُﺨﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﺎ[
]ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳ
ﺱ /62ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺰﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻃﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺪﺕ
ًﺀ ًﺍ ﻓﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﻨﺎ ًﺎ ﻣﺆﻛﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﻬﻞ ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻡ
ﻻ؟
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﺑﻞ
َﻳﺎﺍﻟﻼﺯﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ِﺩ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪﺓ ،[1:ﻭﻧﺤﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ُﻘﻮُﻌ ْﻟُﻓﻮﺍِﺑﺍْﻭ
ُﻨﻮﺍَﺃ
َﻣ َﻦَﺀﺍ ِﺬﻳ َ
ّﻟ
َﻬﺎ ﺍُ
ّﻳ َﺃ
ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺛﻴﻖ ،ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ)) :ﺁﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻖ ﺛﻼﺙ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻛﺬﺏ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺃﺧﻠﻒ،
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺅﺗﻤﻦ ﺧﺎﻥ((.
ْﺮِﻓﻲ ُﻛْﺫ
َﻭﺍ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻣﺪﺡ ﷲ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ ﺇﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ #ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ّﻴﺎ 54 ًِﺒًﻟﺎَﻧ
ﺳﻮَﻥَﺭَُﻛﺎِﺪَﻭْﻋ َﻮْﻟ
ﻕﺍِﺩَ ﺻﺎ
َﻥَ ُﻪَﻛﺎَ
ّﻧ
ﻞِﺇ
ِﻋﻴَ َﻤﺎﺏِﺇْ
ﺳ َﺘﺎِِﻜْﻟ ﺍ
ّﻴﺎ﴾55 ًْﺮِ
ﺿ ِﻪَﻣ
ِ
ّﺑ
َﺪَﺭْﻨَﻥِﻋَﻛﺎِﺓَﻭ َﻛﺎَ
ّﺰ ِﺓَﻭﺍﻟَﻠﺎ
ُﻪِﺑﺍﻟَ
ّ
ﺼ َﻠ
ْﻫ ُﺮَﺃُﻣ ْﺄ
َﻥَﻳ َﻛﺎ َﻭ
]ﻣﺮﻳﻢ[ ،ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻣﺪﺡ ﷲ ﺇﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﺓ ﻣﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ:
ﺻﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺪ ،ﻭﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻞ ﷲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ.
ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
ﻭﻳﻠﻐﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ
ﻒ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻻ َْﻳِ َﻢﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ،ﻓﻠﻮ ﻟ
XXVII ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ :ﻭﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ :ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ
ﻭﺧﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ .ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺷﻲ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ.
ﻗﻠﺖ :ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻟﺐ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺨﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ.
]ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﻫﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮﺍﻥ[
ًﺀ ﺃﻭﺱ /79ﻫﻞ ﺗﺼﺢ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﺣﻴﺎ
ًﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ؛ ﻃﻠﺒ
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ؟
ﺝ /ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺗﻢ؛ ﻷﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﷲ،
ﻓﻠﻴﺘﻮﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﷲ ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ،ﻟﻪ ﻭﻷﺣﺒﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺇﺧﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻨﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ،
ًﺎ.
ًﺀ ﺃﻡ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﺗ
ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﺣﻴﺎ
ّﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﻳﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻼﺓ
ﻓﻠﻴﺒ
ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺣﺞ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺓ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻭ...ﺇﻟﺦ ،ﻭﻳﻨﻮﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ» :ﷲﻡ ﺇﻧﻲ ﺃﺗﻮﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ
ﻭﺃﺗﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺠﺐ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻲ
ﻭﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ ...ﺇﻟﺦ ،ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﺛﻮﺍﺏ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ
ﺣﺴﻨﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻲ«.
ﺱ /80ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺭ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻔﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ
XXXV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻱ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺛﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃُ
ّ
ًﺎ،
ﻣﻼﻋﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻴﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺭﺿﺎﻋ
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻞ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﻑ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ
ًﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ،
ﺛﺪﻳﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺼﻴﺮ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻣ
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﺧﻮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔ.
ﻭﺇﻥ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﻑ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻴﺮﺍ ﺃﺧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﺎﺯ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ ،ﷲﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺟﺪﺓ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ًﺍ ﻷﻭﻻﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺇﺭﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ
ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻼﻥ ﺃﻭﻻﺩ
ﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﻳﺤﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻷﻥ
ًﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺧﺎﻻ
ً. ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺿﻊ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﻋﻤ
ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺭﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﺼﻐﺮﻯ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ :ﻭﻣﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻃﻔﻠﺔ ﻓﺄﺭﺿﻌﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻦ ﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻧﻔﺴﺦ ﻧﻜﺎﺣﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺤﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ
ًﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻤﺴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻘ
ﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻼ .ﻗﺮﺯ
ًﺎ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ،
ﻗﻠﺖ :ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺃﻣ
ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺭﺑﻴﺒﺔ ﻟﻪ.
ًﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ
ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻦ ﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﺍﻧﻔﺴﺦ ﺃﻳﻀ
XLI ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﺗﺠﺐ ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺑﻌﻬﺎ:
ًﻼ ﺃﻡ ﻻ.
ًﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﺎﻣ
-1ﻟﻠﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺭﺟﻌﻴ
ًﺎ ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺃﻡ ﻛﺒﺮﻯ.
ًﺎ ﺑﺎﺋﻨ
-2ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻃﻼﻗ
-3ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻤﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ.
ًﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺋﻨﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺭﺟﻌﻴ
ﺱ /93ﻋﻦ ﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺑﻤﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ...؟
ِﻪ
ْﻔِ
ﺴ َﻠﻰَﻧ
ُﻥَﻋ
ﺴﺎ
ْﻧَ
ِﺈ
ْﻟ
ﻞﺍ
َﺑِ
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ُﻩ] ﴾15ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ[ ،ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﺫﻭ
َﺮ
ِﺫﻳ
َﻌﺎ
َﻘﻰَﻣ
ْﻟ
ْﻮَﺃ
َﻟ
َﻭ
ٌﺓ 14
َﺮ
ﺼﻴ
َﺑِ
ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ؛ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﻃﻐﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻀﻴﻊ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺗﺘﺸﻮﺵ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ
ّﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻧﻴﻦ ،ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ؛ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ)) :ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺤﺘﻠﻢ ،ﻭﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻨﻮﻥ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻔﻴﻖ((...ﺇﻟﺦ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ
ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ) :ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﻥ ﻓﻨﻮﻥ(.
ﻭﺗﺘﺒﻴﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻭﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ ﻭﺷﺪﺗﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻘﺎﺀ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ،
ﻭﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻩ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ -ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XLIV
ﻃﻼﻗﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲ[
ًﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ
ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻫﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺭﺟﻌﻴ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺛﻢ ﻃﻠﻖ ،ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻦ ،ﻓﻼ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺄﻧﻒ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ .ﺍﻩـ
ﻗﻠﺖ :ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻘﺪ ﻭﻻ
ﻣﺮﺍﺿﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻘﺎﺀ
ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ.
ًﺎ –ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﻮﺽ -ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻘﻄﻊ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺧﻠﻌ
ًﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺗﺠﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺽﺍ
ﺗﻤﺎﻣ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻭﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲ ﻭﺷﺎﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﻬﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ
ًﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩ
ﺱ /94ﺗﺨﺎﺻﻢ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﻦ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻟﺪﻫﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻨﻰ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ؛ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ؟
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ
ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ :ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﺜﻰ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺏﷲ ﻭﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻬﺎﺩﻱ :#ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ
XLV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺑﻬﻤﺎ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻲ ﻓﻤﻊ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺃﻣﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ.
ﻗﻠﺖ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﻡ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﺃﻣﻪ ﺃﺭﺟﺢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﻡ
ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻓﺤﻖ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺷﻔﻖ،
َﻫﺎ﴾
ِﺪ
َﻟ
َﻮ
ٌﺓِﺑ
َﺪ
ِﻟ
ّﺭَﻭﺍ
َ
ﻀﺎ
َﻟﺎُﺗَ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﺼﻖ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ.[233:
ًﺎ ﻓﺸﺮﻍ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ[
]ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﻃﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﺑ
ًﺎ ﻓﺸﺮﻕ )ﺷﺮﻍ(
ﺱ /95ﺃﺧﺬﺕ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻃﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺮﺗﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﺑ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ؛ ﻓﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ؟
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻻ ﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻫﻮ :ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻏﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﺘﻮﺟﺮﻩ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﺮ ﻣﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XLVI
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﺿﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:
َ
ّﻢ
ِﺘ
ْﻥُﻳ
َﺃ
َﺩ
َﺭﺍ
َﺃ
ْﻦ
َﻤ
ِﻦِﻟ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
ِﻣ
ِﻦَﻛﺎ
ْﻴ
َﻟ
ْﻮ
ّﻦَﺣ
َ
ُﻫ
َﺩ
َﻟﺎ
ْﻭ
َﺃ
َﻦ
ْﻌ
ْﺮِ
ﺿ ﺕُﻳ
َﺪﺍُ
ِﻟ
َﻮﺍ
ْﻟ
َﻭﺍ
﴿
َﻤﺎ
ُﻬ
ْﻨ
ﺽِﻣ
َﺮﺍٍ
َﺗ
ْﻦ
ًﻟﺎَﻋ
ﺼﺍ
َﺩﺍِﻓَ
َﺭﺍ
َﺃ
ْﻥ
ِﺈ
َﻓ
َﺔ ﴾...ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :
َﻋ
ﺿﺎ
ّﺮَ
َ
ﺍﻟ
َﻤﺎ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ،[233ﻓﺄﻓﺎﺩﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ
ِﻬ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
َﺡَﻋ
َﻨﺎ
َﻠﺎُﺟ
ٍﺭَﻓ
ُﻭ
ﺸﺎ
َﺗَ
َﻭ
ﺇﺭﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﻦ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻓﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺗﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻴﻊ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺎﻝ .ﻓﺪﻝ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ.
]ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺒﺖ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺭﺿﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﺨﻨﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ[
ﺱ /97ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺭﺿﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﺼﺎﺑﺔ
ﻟﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺩ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﻔﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻏﻄﺖ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ ﻓﺨﻨﻘﺘﻪ؛
ﻓﻬﻞ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻡ ﻛﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻡ ﻻ؟
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ :ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀﻧﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺰﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺐ ،ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﺰﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ،
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ
َﻔ
ِ
ّﺮ.ُﻛ
ﺕ
ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ :ﺑﺄﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭﺓ
ًﻼ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻗﺎﺗ
XLIX ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻕ ﺃﻭﺟﺒﻬﺎ ﷲ
َﺓ ﺣﻘﻮٍ
ﻓﻠﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻸﺧﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﺪ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ÷ ﻻ ﻧﺠﺎﺓ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺄﺩﺍﺀ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ:
ِﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ,ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ِﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍ
1ـ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺣﻖ ﺍﻷﺧﻮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍ
ﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺜَ
ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺎﺕ.
2ـ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺭ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ُﻤﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺪ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ
ْﻟ
3ـ ﺣﻖ ﺍ
ًﺎ ﻭﺣﻜﻢ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ،
ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺣﻘﻮﻗ
ْﻳِﻦ
َﺪ
ِﻟ
َﻮﺍ
ْﻟ
ِﺑﺍ
ًﺌﺎَﻭ
ْﻴ
ِﻪ َ
ﺷ ُﻛﻮﺍِﺑ
ِﺮ
َﻟﺎُﺗْ
ﺸ َﻪَﻭ
َ
ّﻠ
ُﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟ
ُﺒ
ْﻋ
َﻭﺍ
ﻗﺎ ﻝ ﺗ ﻌﺎ ﻟ ﻰ ﴿ :
َﺑﻰ
ْﺮ
ُﻘ
ْﻟ
ِﺭِﺫﻱ ﺍ
َﺠﺎ
ْﻟ
ِﻛﻴِﻦَﻭﺍ
ﺲﺍ
َﻤَ
ْﻟ
َﻣﻰَﻭﺍ
َﺘﺎ
َﻴ
ْﻟ
َﺑﻰَﻭﺍ
ْﺮ
ُﻘ
ْﻟ
ِﺬﻱ ﺍ
ِﺑ
ًﻧﺎَﻭ
ﺴﺎ
ْﺣَ
ِﺇ
ﺐ...ﺍﻵﻳﺔ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ.[36:
ْﻨِ
َﺠ
ْﻟ
ِﺑﺍ
ِﺣِ
ﺐ ﺼﺎ
ﺐَﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ ُﻨِ
ُﺠ
ْﻟ
ِﺭ ﺍ
َﺠﺎ
ْﻟ
َﻭﺍ
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ًﺎ ﻳﺘﻠﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻗﺮﺁﻧ
ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ؟
ّﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﺫﺍﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛ
ﻭﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺩﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ،
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺁﺫﺕ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ
ّﺮﻃﺖ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺿﻪ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﺟﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ؛
َ
ﺑﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓ
LV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ْﻢ
ُﻬ
ْﻨ
ًﺮﺍِﻣ
ْﻴ
ُﻧﻮﺍَﺧ
ُﻜﻮ
ْﻥَﻳ
َﺃ
ﺴﻰٍﻡَﻋَ
ْﻮ
ٌﻡِﻣْﻦَﻗ
ْﺮَﻗﻮ
َﺨ
ُﻨﻮﺍَﻟﺎَﻳْ
ﺴ َﻣ
ِﺬﻳَﻦَﺀﺍ
َ
ّﻟ
ﺍ
ّﻦ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺍﺕ.[11:
َُﻬ
ْﻨ
ًﺮﺍِﻣ
ْﻴ
ّﻦَﺧ
ُﻜَ
َﻳ
ْﻥ
َﺃ
ﺴﻰٍﺀَﻋَ
ﺴﺎ
ِﻧَ
ٌﺀِﻣْﻦ
ﺴﺎ
ِﻧَ
َﻟﺎ
َﻭ
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﻌﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺤﺐ
ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﻜﺮﻩ ﻭﺗﺤﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﻌﻢ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺔ
َﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺨﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻫﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻲ
ﷲ ﻭﺣﻤ
َﺮ ِ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﻟﺖ ﺷﻜ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻇﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﻌﻢ ﷲ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﷲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ.
ْﻢ
ُﺗ
ْﺮ
َﻜ
ْﻦ َ
ﺷ ِﺌ
ْﻢَﻟ
ُﻜ
ُ
ّﺑ
َﻥَﺭ
َ
ّﺫ
َﺄ
ْﺫَﺗ
ِﺇ
َﻭ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ﴿ :
ٌﺪ] ﴾7ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ[.ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ
ِﺪﻳ
ِﺑﻲَﻟَ
ﺸ َﺬﺍ
ّﻥَﻋ
َ
ْﻢِﺇ
ُﺗ
ْﺮ
َﻔ
ِﺌْﻦَﻛ
َﻟ
ْﻢَﻭ
ُﻜ
َ
ّﻧ
َﺪ
ِﺯﻳ
َﺄ
َﻟ
َﺝ
ُ
ّﺮ
َﺒ
ْﺟَﻦَﺗ
َ
ّﺮ
َﺒ
َﻟﺎَﺗ
ّﻦَﻭ
ُﻜَ
ِﺗ
ُﻴﻮ
َﻥِﻓﻲُﺑ
ْﺮ
َﻗ
َﻭ
ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ ÷﴿ :
َﻪ
َ
ّﻠ
ْﻌَﻦ ﺍﻟ
ِﻃ
َﺃ
َﺓَﻭ
َﻛﺎ
َ
ّﺰ
َﻦ ﺍﻟِﺗﻴ
َﺀﺍ
َﺓَﻭ
َﻠﺎ
ْﻤَﻦ ﺍﻟَ
ّ
ﺼ ِﻗ
َﺃ
َﻟﻰَﻭ
ُﺄﻭ
ْﻟ
ِﺔ ﺍ
َ
ّﻴ
ِﻠ
ِﻫ
َﺠﺎ
ْﻟ
ﺍ
ُﻪ﴾ ]ﺍﻻﺣﺰﺍﺏ.[33:
َﻟ
ﺳﻮ
َﺭُ
َﻭ
َﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﷲ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺬﺍﺑﻪ
ُﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻧﻘﻤﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﻪ ﻓﻠﺘﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻫﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ .ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ
ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺤﻀﺮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻼﻙ.
ّﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ[
ُ
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺁﺧﺮ ]ﺗﻜ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LX
ﻱ ﺣﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻱ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺃِ
ّ ﺃِ
ّ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻟﺘﺤﺮﺹ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻫﻢ
ًﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ
ُﻫﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌ
َ
ّﺪ
َﺓ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺷ
َﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮ
ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻌ
ﺖ ﺫﻟﻚ،
َﻠْ
َﻌ
ﺗﺼﻴﺮ ﻛﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﻃﻠﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﺎﺕَ-ﻓ
ِﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﻌﻠﺖ
ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺃﺯﻛﻰ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﻭﺃﻃﻬﺮ ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻭﺃﺟﻤﻞ؛ ﻓ
ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺴﺒﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻊ
ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﻉ ،ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺧﻼﺹ
ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ.
ِﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻗﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ِﺭ ﺣﺬﺍ
ﻭﺣﺬﺍ
ﻃﻠﺐ ﺭﻓﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﺎﻫﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺩﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﻏﺮﺽ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ
ًﺎ ﻟﻠﻪ
َﻠَ
ﺼ ْﺨ
ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥُﻣ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ.
ﺳﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺳﻼﺡ ﻓﺘﺎﻙ ﺗﻐﺘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮ
ّﻴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺳﻴﻒ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻜﺸﻮﻑ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﺪ ،ﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﺳﻼﺣﺎﻥ ﺧﻔ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﻓﻠﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﷲ
ّﺮﻡ ﺩﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺍﺿﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻬﻢ ،ﻓﻔﻲ
َ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺪ ﺣ
ٌﻡ
ُﻜﻢ ﺣﺮﺍ
َﺮﺍَ
ﺿ ْﻋ
َﺃ
ُﻜﻢ ﻭ
َﻟ
َﻮﺍ
ْﻣ
َﺃ
ُﻛﻢ ﻭ
َﺀ
َﻣﺎ
ّﻥِﺩ
َ
َﻟﺎِﺇ
َﺃ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮﺭ)) :
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXII
ُﻛﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ.((...
ِﺮ
ْﻬ
َﺬﺍ ﻓﻲَ
ﺷ ُﻜﻢَﻫ
ِﻣ
ْﻮ
َﻳ
ِﺔ
َﻣ
ْﺮ
ُﺤ
َﻛ
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ))ﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﺴﻮﻕ ﻭﻗﺘﺎﻟﻪ ﻛﻔﺮ((,
َﻨﺎِ
ﺕ ِﻣ
ْﺆ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻦَﻭﺍِﻨﻴ
ِﻣ
ْﺆ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻥ ﺍ
ُﺫﻭ
ْﺆ
َﻦُﻳ
ِﺬﻳ
َ
ّﻟ
َﻭﺍ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ًﻨﺎ﴾58
ِﺒﻴ
ًﻤﺎ ُﻣ
ْﺛ
ِﺇ
ًﻧﺎ َﻭ
َﺘﺎ
ْﻬ
ُﻠﻮﺍُﺑ
َﻤ
َﺘ
ْﺣ
ِﺪ ﺍ
َﻘ
ُﺒﻮﺍ َﻓ
َﺘَ
ﺴ ْﻛ
ِﺮ َﻣﺎ ﺍ
ْﻴ
َﻐ
ِﺑ
َﺣﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ،
َ ﺳﻼ
ّﻪ
َﺟ
ُِﻮ
]ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺑﺔ ،[58:ﻓﻠﺘﺤﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗ
َﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ
ِﻠ
ْﻦَ
ﺳ ُﻢَﻣ
ﺚ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ))ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳٍ
ِﺪﻩ((.
َﻳ
ِﻪ ﻭ
ِﻧ
ﻟ ﺴﺎ
ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ :ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﷲ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ؛
ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻋﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ،ﻭﻧﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻦ
ﺕ﴾
َﺌﺎِ
ِ
ّﻴ
ْﺒَﻦ ﺍﻟَ
ّ
ﺴ ِﻫ
ْﺬ
ﺕُﻳ
َﻨﺎِ
َﺤَ
ﺴ ْﻟ
ّﻥ ﺍ
َ
ِﺇ
ﷲ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﻮﺍﻥ﴿ :
]ﻫﻮﺩ.[114:
َﺩ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺇﺫﺍ
ِ
ّﻮ
َﻌ
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥُﺗ
ًﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
َﻘ
ُﻠ
ﺖ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺻﺎﺭُﺧ
ﺴِْﻧَ
َﺃ
ُﻪَﻭ
ْﺘ
َﻔ
ِﻟ
َﺃ
ٍﺀ
ﺗﻌﻮﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲ
ﻭﻟﺘﺤﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮ
ﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻠﻪ؛ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻻ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﺎﺓ ﻭﻛِ
ّ
ﺃﻋﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺩﻩ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ
ﻭﻳﻨﻬﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻴﻦ
LXIII ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
َﻥَﻋِﻦ
ْﻮ
َﻬ
ْﻨ
َﻳ
ِﺮَﻭ
َﻜ
ْﻨ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻥِﺑﺍ
ُﺮﻭ
ُﻣ
ْﺄ
ﺾَﻳ
ْﻌٍ
ْﻢِﻣْﻦَﺑ
ُﻬ
ْﻌُ
ﻀ َﺑ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﺎﺕ﴿ :
ﻑ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ , [67:ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺎﺕ﴿ :
ُﺮﻭِ
ْﻌ
َﻤ
ْﻟ
ﺍ
ِﺮ﴾
َﻜ
ْﻨ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻥَﻋِﻦ ﺍ
ْﻮ
َﻬ
ْﻨ
َﻳ
ﻑَﻭ
ُﺮﻭِ
ْﻌ
َﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻥِﺑﺍ
ُﺮﻭ
ُﻣ
ْﺄ
ﺾَﻳ
ْﻌٍ
ُﺀَﺑ
َﻴﺎ
ِﻟ
ْﻭ
ْﻢَﺃ
ُﻬ
ْﻌُ
ﻀ َﺑ
]ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ.[71:
ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻋﺎﻧﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﷲ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻧﻬﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺛﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﺍﻥ -ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺃﺛﻨﻰ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ
ﻭﻣﺪﺣﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺮﻗﺎﻧﻪ ,ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ
ّﺒﺢ
َ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺫﻣﻬﻢ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﻗ
ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺣﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻟﻌﻨﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ.
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ًﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ،
ّﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻗﻴﻤ
َ
ّﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻜ
َ
ْﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺃ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃ
ٍﺔ ﺗﻜﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻠﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ:
ﻞ ﻛﻠﻤ
ﻭﺃﻥ ﻛَ
ّ
ﻣﻠﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻳﻤﻴﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ
َﻊ
ﻗﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺿﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺒﺤﻬﺎ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻧﻔ
َ
ّﺮ
َﻢ ,ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﺿ
َﺮ ﻭﺃﻋﻈ
ُﺘﻪ ﺃﻛﺜ
َﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﻭﺃﺣﺴ
َﻢ ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻓﻘﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺃﻗﻞ،
ُﺘﻪ ﺃﻋﻈ
َﺢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤ
َﺒ
ﻭﺃﻗ
ﻭﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﻣﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXIV
َﻣﻦ
ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﺣﺎﻃﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺌﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ،ﻭ
ﻛﺎﻥِﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﻴﻦ
ًﺎ.
َﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﺭﻓﻴﻘ
َﺣُ
ﺴ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺪﺍﺀ ﻭ
ًﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺹ ،ﻭﻻ
ﻓﻠﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺣﺮﻳﺼ
ﺗﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻫﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ؟ ﻭﻫﻞ ﺿﺎﺭ ﺃﻡ
ﻧﺎﻓﻊ؟ ﻭﻫﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ؟ ﻭﻫﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺫﻯ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ,
ﻭ....ﺇﻟﺦ.
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺣﻖ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺣﻖ,
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ÷ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﺑﻨﺘﻪ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ & ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ
ًﺎ
ّﻠﻒ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴ
َ
ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻛﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ,ﻭﻛ
ًﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ،
#ﺑﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ,ﻭﺗﻤﺎﻣ
ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﻭﻳﺤﺼﺪ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ؛ ﻟﻴﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ
ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻒ ﻭ...
ﺇﻟﺦ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ ﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻖُﺫﻭ
ِﻔْ
ْﻨ
ُﻴ
ِﻟ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ُﻪَﻟﺎ
َ
ّﻠ
ُﻩ ﺍﻟ
َﺗﺎ
ّﻤﺎَﺀﺍ
َ
ﻖِﻣ
ِﻔْ
ْﻨ
ُﻴ
ْﻠ
ُﻪَﻓ
ُﻗ
ْﺯ
ِﻪِﺭ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
َﺭَﻋ
ِﺪ
َﻣْﻦُﻗ
ِﻪَﻭ
ِﺘ
َﻌ
ٍﺔِﻣْﻦَ
ﺳ َﻌ
َ
ﺳ
ًﺮﺍ﴾7
ٍﺭُﻳْ
ﺴ ﺲـ
َﺪُﻋْ
ْﻌ
ُﻪَﺑ
َ
ّﻠ
ﻞ ﺍﻟ
َﻌُ
ْﺠ
َﻴ
َﻫﺎَ
ﺳ َﺗﺎ
ّﻟﺎَﻣﺎَﺀﺍ
َ
ﺴﺎِﺇ
ْﻔً
ُﻪَﻧ
َ
ّﻠ
ﻒ ﺍﻟ
ّﻠُ
ِ
َﻜ
ُﻳ
LXV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
]ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ[.
َﺭ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﻰ
ًﺍ ﻓﻠﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺴﻮ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ
َﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ
َﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻋ
َﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭ
ِﻬ
ﻞ ,ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥُﺗْ
ﻈ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻴِ
ِﺮ
ّﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻘ
ِ
ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻊَﻩ
ِﻪ
ﻒ ﺑﺤﺎﻟﺘ
ِﺪﻩ ,ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨَ
ّ ِﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻳ
َ
ّﻠ
ِﻗ
ِﻩ ﻭ
ُﻩ ﺑﻔﻘﺮ
َﺮ
ِ
ّﻴ
َﻌ
ًﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻛﺄﻥُﺗ
ﻫﻤﻮﻣ
ِﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻃﻠﺐ
ِﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻴﺮ
ِﺰ ،ﻭﻋﺪ
ُﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺠ
َﻤ
ﺉ ﺑﻨﻔﻘﺘﻪ ﻭﺗﺘﻬ
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻬﺰَ
ٍﻥ
ٍﻥ ﻭﻓﻼ
ٌﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﻞﺍ
ٌﺮ ﻭﺑﺼﻴﺮ
ٌﺔ ﻭﺑﺼ
ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ,ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻤ
ﻟﺤﺼﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻟﻬﻢ.
َﺔ
ٍﺔ ﻻ ﻗﻴﻤ
ُﺮ ﺻﺎﻟﺤ
ٌﺔ ﻭﻏﻴ
ٌﺔ ﻣﺸﺆﻭﻣ
ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺯﻭﺟ
ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺮﺽ ﺑﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﻭﻗﺴﻤﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻢ ﺗﺼﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻼﺋﻪ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺴﻢ
ﻗً ,ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺳﻲ:
ِﺟﻬﺎ ﻠﻴﻼ
َﻢ ﺯﻭ
ﺍﻷﺭﺯﺍﻕ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﻗﺴ
َﻮﺍﻱ((.
ًﺎِ
ﺳ َ
ّﺑ
ْﺬ ﺭ
ِﺨ
َ
ّﺘ
َﻴ
ْﻠ
ِﺋﻲَﻓ
َﻠﺎ
َﺑ
َﻠﻰ
ْﺮَﻋ
ِﺒ
َﻳْ
ﺼ ﻲَﻭ
ِﺋْ
ﻀﺎ
َﻘَ
ِﺑ
ْﺮَ
ﺽ َﻳ
ْﻢ
َﻟ
ْﻦ
َﻣ
))
ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺴﻠﻄﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻀﺎﻋﻒ
ًﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ
ًﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺛﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺬﺍﺑ
ﺑﻪ ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺇﺛﻤ
ًﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﺨﻂ ,ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻋﺬﺍﺏ ,ﻭﺳﺨﻄ
ِﻪ
ِﺘ
َ
ّﻤ
ِﺮ ﻫ
َﻛْ
ﺴ ِﻢ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻭ
َﻫﺎ؛ ﻹﺳﺎﺀﺗﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺤﻄﻴ
ْﻮ
ُ
ّﻣ
َﻫﺎَﻭﺫ
ْﻮ
ُﺘ
َﻘ
َﻣ
ُﺮ
ٌﺓ ﺣﻤﻘﺎﺀ ﻏﻴ
ِﺀ ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﺃ
ِﻪ ,ﻭﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺴﻮ
ِﺘ
ِﻊ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳ
ﻭﺗﻀﻴﻴ
ٍﺔ.
ﺻﺎﻟﺤ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ،ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXVI
ُﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ
َﺒ
َﺘ
ْﻌ
ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎُﺗ
ِﺔ
َ
ّﺒ
ًﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺣ
ّﺮﻗ
ِ
ًﺔ ﻟﻸﺭﺣﺎﻡ ﻣﻔ
ﻄﻌ
ًﺔ ،ﻣﻘِ
ّ ًﺔ ﻧﻤﺎﻣ
ًﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺣﻨ
ﻣﺠﺮﻣ
ًﺔ ﺷﻴﻄﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ
َ
ّﻠ
ًﺔُﻣِ
ﻀ َ
ّﻟ
ﺷﺮﻳﺮﺓ ،ﺿﺎ
َﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ÷.
ِﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ
ﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ
ﺩﺧﻮِ
2ـ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ :ﻫﻮ ﺃﻧﻬﻦ ﻳﻜﻔﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ :ﺃﻥ
ُﺪﻩ ﻭﻻ
ِﺟﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺠﺤ
َﻥ ﺯﻭ
ُﺮ ﺇﺣﺴﺎ
ِﻜ
ْﻨ
ﺐُﺗ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﺳﺒٍ
ﷲ ﺗ ﻌﺎ ﻟ ﻰ
َﻫﺎ ُ
ُﺮ
ٌﺔُﻳﻨﻜ
ِﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﻤ
ﻞ ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎ
ُﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴِ
ﻑ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺇﻧﻜﺎ
ﺕﻋﺘﺮُ
ﺏ ،ﻭﻛﻔﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ّﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎَ
َ
ُﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺬ
ُﻟﻪ ÷ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺻﺎﺣ
ﻭﺭﺳﻮ
ﺐ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ.
ﺭﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺳﺒٌ
ٌﺔ
ٌﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤ
َﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﻤ
َ
ّﻨ
ﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱُﻳﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺟﻬ
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤَ
َﺪ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ
ْﻥ ﺗﺒﺘﻌ
َﺃ
ِﺭ ﻭ
َﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺬ
َﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﺎﻳ
َ
ّﺬ
َﺤ
َﺘ
ْﻥَﺗ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓَﺃ
ِﺈﻥ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ
ِﺪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﻔﻆ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ؛ ﻓ
َﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌ
ﻏﺎ ﻳ
َﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﻦ.
َﻬﺎ ﺟﻬﻨ
ِﻟ
ﺐ ﺩﺧﻮ
ﺗﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺒَ
ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ
ﻻ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻰ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺈﻥ
ًﺍ،
ﺫﻟﻚ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺑﺪ
َﻫﺎ
َﺪ
ِﻫ
َﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺠﺎ
َﻌ
ْﻥ ﺗﺤﺎﺭﺏ ﻃﺒﻴ
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎَﺍ
ِﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻴﻄﺮ
ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌ
َﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋ
ﻭﺗﻨﻬﻰ ﻧﻔَ
ﺴ
ُﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺫﻯ
َﻌ
َﻨ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻤ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXX
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺘﺎﻥ.
ﻆ ﻣﺎ
َﻤْﻦ ﺣﻔَ
َﺔِﻟ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻨ
ُﻩ ﷲ
ُ َﻗﺎ
ْﻦَﻭ
َﻣ
ِﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﻌﻨﻲ :ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ )
ْﻴ
َﻴ
ْﺤ
ﺑﻴﻦِﻟ
ِﻪ( ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
ْﺟ
َﻦِﺭْﻴ
َﻣﺎَﺑ
ِﻪَﻭ
ْﻴ
َﻴ
ْﺤ
ْﻴَﻦِﻟ
َﺔَ،ﻣﺎَﺑ
َ
ّﻨ
َﺠ
ْﻟ
َﺞ ﺍ
ِﻟ
ِﻦَﻭْﻴ
ِﻨ
ْﺛ
ّﺮ ﺍ
َ
َ
ﺷ
ﻞ ﻳﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺣﺼﺎﺋﺪ
َﻫْ
َﻭ
))
ًﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ
ِﺔ ﺣﺮﻣ
ّﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨ
َ
ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺘﻬﻢ(( .ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓَﺃ
َﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﻱ ))ﻟﻬﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ
ُﻛ
ًﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ
ﻋﻈﻴﻤ
ًﺍ ﺃﻫﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ((.
ًﺍ ﺣﺠﺮ
ﺣﺠﺮ
ُﻢَﻣْﻦ ﺳﻠﻢ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ÷ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ)) :ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺪﻩ((.
ًﺔ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﻛَ
ّ
ﻞ ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﻠﻒ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻼﺋﻜ
ٍﺔ ﺗﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ﻛﻠﻤ
ِﻔُ
ﻆ ْﻠ
َﻣﺎَﻳ
ٌﺪ 17
ِﻌﻴ
ﻝَﻗ
َﻤﺍِ
َﻋِﻦ ﺍﻟِ
ّ
ﺸ ِﻤﻴِﻦَﻭ
َﻴ
ْﻟ
ِﻦ ﺍِﻥَﻋ
َﻴﺎ
ِ
ّﻘ
َﻠ
َﺘ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
ّﻘﻰ ﺍ
َ
َﻠ
َﺘ
ْﺫَﻳ
ِﺇ
ْﻢ
ُﻜ
ْﻴ
َﻠ
ّﻥَﻋ
َ
ِﺇ
َﻭ
ٌﺪ] ﴾18ﻕ[ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﴿
ِﺘﻴ
ﺐَﻋ
ِﻗﻴٌ
ِﻪَﺭ
ْﻳ
َﺪ
ّﻟﺎَﻟ
َ
ِﺇ
ْﻮٍ
ﻝ ْﻦَﻗِﻣ
َﻥ] ﴾12ﺍﻻﻧﻔﻄﺎﺭ[.
ُﻠﻮ
َﻌ
ْﻔ
َﺗ
َﻥَﻣﺎ
ُﻤﻮ
َﻠ
ْﻌ
َﻳ
ِﺒﻴَﻦ11
ِﺗ
ًﻣﺎَﻛﺎ
َﺮﺍ
ِﻛ
ﻈﻴَﻦ 10
ِﻓِ
َﺤﺎ
َﻟ
╝
]ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ[
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ:
ّﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ.
ُ
ــ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ ,ﺗﻌ
LXXI ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ِﺭ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ.[145:
ّﻨﺎ
َ
َﻦ ﺍﻟ
ﻞِﻣ
َﻔِ
َﺄْ
ﺳ ْﻟ
ﻙﺍ
ْﺭِ
َ
ّﺪ
ِﻘﻴَﻦِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ
ِﻓ
َﻨﺎ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
ّﻥ ﺍ
َ
ِﺇ
ﺗ ﻌﺎ ﻟ ﻰ ﴿ :
َﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ:
ﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎ
ِﺧُ
ْﺪ
ُﻳ
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
1ـ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ.
2ـ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ.
3ـ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ.
ﻓﻠﺘﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﺫﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ,
ﻭﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺣﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﺷﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮﺍﻥ
ٌﻡ ﺧﺒﻴﺚ،
ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ ,ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻼ
ًﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ـ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﻲ
ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﻴﺜﺔ ـ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺧﻔﻴﻔ
ﺑﺼﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﻭﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺨﻂ ﷲ ﻭﻏﻀﺒﻪ.
ٌﻭ ﻟﻬﺎ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﺬﺍَ
ﺏ ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺪ
ِﺭ،
َﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬ
ِﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺏﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﻠﺘﺘﺤﺬﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻏﺎﻳ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠ
َﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺨﻴﺮ ،ﻭﻟﺘﺴﺄﻝ ﺭﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤَﻦ ﺃﻥ
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﻨﻌ
َﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ.
ﻳﻌﻴ
ﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺘﻬﺎ
ّﺮﺵ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃَ
ّ ِ
َﺤ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓُﺗ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺣﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻥ
ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐﻀﺎﺀ.
ٌﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ
ٌﺓ ﺷﻴﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻌﺼﻴ
ٌﺔ ﻣﻨﻜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻋﺎﺩ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﻤ
َﻤﻰ
ْﻋ
َﺃ
ْﻢ َﻭ
ُﻬ
َ
ّﻤ
َﺄَ
ﺻ ُﻪ َﻓ
َ
ّﻠ
ُﻢ ﺍﻟ
ُﻬ
َﻨ
َﻌ
ِﺬﻳَﻦ َﻟ
َ
ّﻟ
ﻚ ﺍ
ِﺌَ
َﻟ
ُﺃﻭ
ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ﴿ :
ْﻢ] ﴾23ﻣﺤﻤﺪ[.
ُﻫ
َﺭ
ﺼﺎ
ْﺑَ
َﺃ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXXIV
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ،ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎُﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺀ ﻳﻮﻡ
ًﺔ ﻭﺇﻻ ﺯﺝ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ؛ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ
ْﻥ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﺎﻣ
ِﺈ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ،ﻓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺴﻞ.
ًﺎ
ّﺪﺓ ﺳﻮﺭ ﺻﻐﺎﺭ ﺣﻔﻈ
َ
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﻔﻆ ﻓﺎﺗﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻋ
ًﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ ،ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺮﻛﻊ ﻭﺗﺴﺠﺪ؛ ﻷﻥ ﷲ
ﻣﺘﻘﻨ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﻴﻌﺖ ﺻﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺿﻴﻌﺖ ﺩﻳﻨﻬﺎ
ُﻦ] ﴾11ﺍﻟﺤﺞ[.
ِﺒﻴ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
ُﻥ ﺍ
َﺮﺍ
ُﺨْ
ﺴ ْﻟ
َﻮ ﺍ
ﻚُﻫ
ِﻟَ
َﺫ
ﻭﺧﺴﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ﴿ :
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﻘﻦ ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺼﻼﺓ ،ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺷﺮﻭﻃﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﺿﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﺴﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻠﺤﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﺘﺜﻠﺔ
ﻄﻰ
ﺳَُﻮْ
ْﻟ
ِﺓ ﺍ
َﻠﺎ
ﺕَﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ
ﺼ َﻮﺍِ
َﻠ
َﻠﻰ ﺍﻟَ
ّ
ﺼ ﻈﻮﺍَﻋ
ِﻓُ
َﺣﺎ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ِﺘﻴَﻦ] ﴾238ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ[.
ِﻧ
ِﻪَﻗﺎ
َ
ّﻠ
ِﻟ
ُﻣﻮﺍ
ُﻗﻮ
َﻭ
ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺻﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺘﺴﺎﻫﻞ
ّﺒﺮﺕ،
َ
ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ,ﻭﻻ ﺗﻬﺘﻢ ﺑﺼﻼﺗﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺗﻜ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻗﺪ ﺳﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ،
َﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺰﺑﻪ.
ْﺮ
ﻭِ
ﺻ
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻄﺮﺗﻪ،
ﻭﺗﻬﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ،ﻭﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻥ،
ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺰﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻧﻀﻤﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻬﺎ
LXXV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺐ ,ﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﻒ ﺑﻪ ,ﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﺰﺉ ﺑﻪ ,ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ
ُﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘﺮ.
َﺮ
ِ
ّﻴ
ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌ
12ـ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺯﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ
ﺭﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭ
ًﺍ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺘﻘﺮ
ًﺎ ﻳﺴﻴﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺌ
ِﺘﻪ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺆﺫﻳﻪ.
َ
ّﻠ
ِﻗ
ﻣﺎ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕِ
ﻝ
ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ]ﺗﺴﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ[
ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﺴﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﺫﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﺗﺮﻓﻊ
ﺻﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺳﺒﺐ ,ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ
ٍﺔ
َﺜ
ِﺒﻴ
ٍﺔَﺧ
َﻤ
ِﻠ
ﻞَﻛ
َُﺜ
َﻣ
َﻭ
ﻗﺒﻴﺤﺔ ﻭﺳﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺫﻣﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿:
ٍﺭ] ﴾26ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ[،
َﺮﺍ
ْﻦَﻗ
َﻬﺎِﻣ
ﺽَﻣﺎَﻟ
ْﺭِ
َﺄ
ْﻟ
ﻕﺍ
ْﻮِ
ْﻦَﻓ
ﺖِﻣ
ّﺜْ
َ
ُﺘ
ْﺟ
ٍﺔ ﺍ
َﺜ
ِﺒﻴ
ٍﺓَﺧ
َﺮ
َﺠ
َﻛَ
ﺸ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻯ ﻣﻠﻌﻮﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ.
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻂ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ٍﺔ ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ،ﺑﻞ ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺫﻯ
ﻱ ﻣﻨﻔﻌ
ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻯ ﺃَ
ّ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺳﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻀﺐ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺳﺨﻄﻪ.
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺫﻯ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﻳﻘﻞ ﺣﺒﻪ ﻟﻬﺎ
ﻭﻳﺨﻒ ﺗﻌﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﻬﺎ ,ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﺃﺫﺍﻩ ،ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ
ﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺫﻳﺔ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXXVIII
ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻟﻸﺑﻮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻨﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺣﻖ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ،ﻭﺣﻖ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻖ
ﺍﻷﺏ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ:
1ـ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻄﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻨﻬﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﺕ ﺃﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺻﻮﺕ
2ـ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺻﻮِ
ﺃﺑﻴﻬﺎ.
3ـ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻘﺬﺭﻫﻤﺎ
ﻭﺗﺘﺄﻓﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﺎﺧﺘﻬﻤﺎ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺆﺫﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ.
4ـ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ
ًﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ.
ﻀﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ
َﻔِ
ّ ُﺗ
ﺃﺣﺪ ﻓﻠﺘﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻻ
5ـ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﺸﻔﻖ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺭﺣﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ.
ّﻠﻤﺎﻫﺎ
َ
6ـ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻠﺘﻜﻠﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻜﻼﻡ ﺟﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﻟﻄﻴﻒ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛ
ﻖ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ.
َﻠَ
ّ َﺘ
َﺘ
ْﻠ
ﻓ
ًﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺑﻮﻳﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ
َﺟ
َ
ّﻭ
َﺰ
ﺖﻣ7ـ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻨُ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺟﺮﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻫﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﺗﻌﻴﻦ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮ ﺑﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻔﻘﺔ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ,ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ÷ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ:
))ﻛﻠﻜﻢ ﺭﺍﻉ ﻭﻛﻠﻜﻢ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺭﻋﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ.((...
LXXIX ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻀَﻦِﻣْﻦ
ﻀْْﻐُ
ﺕَﻳ
َﻨﺎِ
ِﻣ
ْﺆ
ُﻤ
ْﻠ
ﻞِﻟ
ُﻗْ
َﻭ
ْﻢ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ،[30:ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ﴿:
ُﻬ
َﻟ
ّﻦ﴾ ]ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ.[31:
ُﻬَ
َﺟ
ُﺮﻭ
ﻈَﻦُﻓ
َﻔْ
ْﺤ
َﻳ
ّﻦَﻭ
ِﻫَ
ِﺭ
ﺼﺎ
ْﺑَ
َﺃ
ّﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻻ
َ
َﻘ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻥَﺗ
ﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻓﻠﺘﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻟﺘﺒﺘﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ,
ّﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺤﺎﺩﺛﻬﻢ ,ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ ÷﴿ :
ِ
ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﻞ
َﻟﻰ﴾ ]ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ.[33:
ُﺄﻭ
ْﻟ
ِﺔ ﺍ
َ
ّﻴ
ِﻠ
ِﻫ
َﺠﺎ
ْﻟ
َﺝ ﺍ
ُ
ّﺮ
َﺒ
َﺗ
َﻦ
ْﺟ
َ
ّﺮ
َﺒ
َﺗ
َﻟﺎ
ّﻦَﻭ
َ
ُﻜ
ِﺗ
ُﻴﻮ
ُﺑ
َﻥِﻓﻲ
ْﺮ
َﻗ
َﻭ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ,
ُﺓ ﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭ
ﺴﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻀﻊ
َﺤِ
ّ ﺣﺠﺎﺏ ,ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﻓﻼُﺗ
ﻇﻬﺮ ﻛﻔﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻤﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ.
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺔ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ
ٌﺔ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﻟﺮﺳﻮﻟﻪ ÷ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺥ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﺻﻴ
ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﷲ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﻟﺬﻧﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺮ
ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ..
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻡ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﺗﻬﺎ ,ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺃﻗﻌﺪﺗﻬﺎ ,ﻭﻫﺬﻩ
ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺮ.
ﻭﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ,
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXXXII
ًﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺸﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻫﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺰﻳﺪﻫﻢ ﻧﻌﻤ
ًﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻌﻴﻤﻬﻢ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ
ﻧﻌﻤﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﻌﻴﻤ
ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻨﺴﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﺼﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻌﺬﺑﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻛﻔﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﻪ ﻭﻋﺼﻴﺎﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻪ.
ًﺔ
َﻨ
ِﻣ
ﺖَﺀﺍ
َﻧْ
ًﺔَﻛﺎ
َﻳ
ْﺮ
ًﻠﺎَﻗ
َﺜ
ُﻪَﻣ
َ
ّﻠ
ﺏ ﺍﻟ
َﺮَ
َﻭَ
ﺿ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
َﻬﺎ
َﻗ
َﺫﺍ
َﺄ
ِﻪَﻓ
َ
ّﻠ
ِﻢ ﺍﻟ
ُﻌ
ْﻧ
َﺄ
ﺕِﺑ
َﺮْ
َﻔ
َﻜ
ٍﻥَﻓ
َﻜﺎ
ﻞَﻣ
ِ
ّْﻦُﻛ
ًﺪﺍِﻣ
َﻏ
َﻬﺎَﺭ
ُﻗ
ْﺯ
َﻬﺎِﺭ
ِﺗﻴ
ْﺄ
ًﺔَﻳ
َ
ّﻨ
ِﺌ
َﻤ
ْ
ﻄُﻣ
َﻥ] ﴾112ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ.[112:
ُﻌﻮ
َﻨ
َﻳْ
ﺼ ُﻧﻮﺍ
َﻤﺎَﻛﺎ
ِﺑ
ْﻮِ
ﻑ َﺨ
ْﻟ
ِﻉَﻭﺍ
ُﺠﻮ
ْﻟ
ﺱﺍ
َﺒﺎَ
ِﻟ
ُﻪ
َ
ّﻠ
ﺍﻟ
ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ
ﺗﻌﻤﺪ ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻷﺧﻄﺎﺭ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻳﻌﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ,
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ:
1ـ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻓﺈﻥ ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺨﺮﻡ ﺃﺟﻞ
ًﺀ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻧﻪ ,ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻃﺎﻋﻪ ﻭﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻭﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﺟﺰﺍ
ﻳﻌﺼﻪ ﻷﻃﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ.
2ـ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻫﻲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ
ّﻟﺔ،
َ
ِ
ّﺬ
ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻟﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻮﻑ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟ
ﻭﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﻷﺣﺒﺔ ,ﻭﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺄﺓ ،ﻭﺗﻨﻐﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺓ ,ﻭﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ
ًﺎ ,ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:
ّﻤ
َﻏ
ًﺎ ﻭ
ّﻣ
َﻩ
ًﺎ ﻭ
ًﺎ ﻭﺣﺮﺟ
ًﺎ ﻭﺿﻴﻘ
ﻧﻘﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻣﺘﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﻠﻘ
ُﻔﻮَﻋْﻦ
ْﻌ
َﻳ
ْﻢَﻭ
ُﻜ
ِﺪﻳ
ْﻳ
ﺖَﺃ
َﺒْ
َﻤﺎَﻛَ
ﺴ ِﺒ
ٍﺔَﻓ
َﺒ
ﺼﻴ
ْﻦُﻣِ
ْﻢِﻣ
ُﻜ
َﺑ
ﺻﺎ
َﻣﺎَﺃَ
َﻭ
﴿
ُﻪ
ّﻥَﻟ
َ
ِﺈ
ِﺮﻱَﻓ
ْﻛ
ﺽَﻋْﻦِﺫ
َﺮَ
ْﻋ
َﺃ
َﻣْﻦ
َﻭ
ٍﺮ] ﴾30ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ[ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ﴿ :
ِﺜﻴ
َﻛ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXXXIV
َﻤﻰ] ﴾124ﻃﻪ[.
ْﻋ
َﺃ
ِﺔ
َﻣ
َﻴﺎ
ِﻘ
ْﻟ
َﻡ ﺍ
ْﻮ
َﻳ
ُﻩ
ُﺮ
ْﺤُ
ﺸ َﻧ
ًﻜﺎَﻭ
ْﻨ
ًﺔَ
ﺿ ِﻌﻴَ
ﺸ َﻣ
3ـ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﻞ ﺟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ،
ﻓﻴﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺒﺎﺣﺔ.
4ـ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﻞ ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻭﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﻮﺩﺗﻬﻢ ﻟﻪ,
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﷲ ﻧﻔﺮﺕ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ,
ّﺯﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ,ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ُ
ﻭﺍﺷﻤﺄ
ْﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻴﺮﺓ ,ﻭﺗﺒﻌﺪ
ُﺗ
ﺐﻭ
ُﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻠَ
ِ
ّﻮ
5ـ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﺗﺴ
ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪﺕ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻄﺎﻑ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ
ﻓﺤﻞ ﺑﻮﺳﺎﻭﺳﻪ ﻭﺇﻏﻮﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺎﺩﻩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻬﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺋﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ.
ﺃﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺎﺕ
ِﻨﻴَﻦ
ِﻣ
ْﺆ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
ﺕَﻭﺍ
َﻤﺎِ
ِﻠ
ُﻤْ
ﺴ ْﻟ
َﻦَﻭﺍ
ِﻤﻴ
ِﻠ
ُﻤْ
ﺴ ْﻟ
ّﻥ ﺍ
َ
ِﺇ
ﻗﺎ ﻝ ﷲ ﺗ ﻌﺎ ﻟ ﻰ ﴿ :
َﻗﺎِ
ﺕ ِﺩ
ﺼﺎ
ِﻗﻴَﻦ َﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ ِﺩ
ﺼﺎ
ﺕ َﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ َﺘﺎِ
ِﻧ
َﻘﺎ
ْﻟ
ِﺘﻴَﻦ َﻭﺍ
ِﻧ
َﻘﺎ
ْﻟ
ﺕ َﻭﺍ
َﻨﺎِ
ِﻣ
ْﺆ
ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻭﺍ
ِﻗﻴَﻦ
ِ
ّﺪ
َﺘَ
ﺼ ُﻤ
ْﻟ
ﺕَﻭﺍ
َﻌﺎِ
َﺨﺎِ
ﺷ ْﻟ
ِﻌﻴَﻦَﻭﺍ
َﺨﺎِ
ﺷ ْﻟ
ﺕَﻭﺍ
َﺮﺍِ
ِﺑ
ﺼﺎ
َﻦَﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ ِﺮﻳ
ِﺑ
ﺼﺎ
َﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ
ْﻢ
ُﻬ
َﺟ
ُﺮﻭ
ﻈﻴَﻦ ُﻓ
ِﻓِ
َﺤﺎ
ْﻟ
ﺕ َﻭﺍ
َﻤﺎِ
ِﺋ
ﺼﺎ
َﻦ َﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ ِﻤﻴ
ِﺋ
ﺼﺎ
ﺕ َﻭﺍﻟَ
ّ َﻗﺎِ
ِ
ّﺪ
َﺘَ
ﺼ ُﻤ
ْﻟ
َﻭﺍ
ًﺓ
َﺮ
ِﻔ
ْﻐ
ْﻢَﻣ
ُﻬ
ُﻪَﻟ
َ
ّﻠ
ّﺪ ﺍﻟ
َ
َﻋ
َﺃ
َﺮﺍِ
ﺕ ِﻛ
ّﺬﺍ
َ
ًﺮﺍَﻭﺍﻟ
ِﺜﻴ
َﻪَﻛ
َ
ّﻠ
َﻦ ﺍﻟِﺮﻳ
ِﻛ
ّﺬﺍ
َ
ﺕَﻭﺍﻟ
ﻈﺎِ
ِﻓَ
َﺤﺎ
ْﻟ
َﻭﺍ
ًﻤﺎ] ﴾35ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ[.
ﻈﻴ
ًﺮﺍَﻋِ
ْﺟ
َﺃ
َﻭ
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻌﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﻜﺴﺐ
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﷲ ﻭﺗﺤﻈﻰ ﺑﺄﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ ﺃﻥ
LXXXV ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﻭﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﻡ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ
ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ.
ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻭﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺗﺮﻛﺖ
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ
ﻭﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺃﻡ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ.
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ
ّﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﺍﺀ.
َ
ِ
ّﻠ
ِﺒ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﻋﺎﺩﺓِﺟ
ًﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻬﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋ
ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ.
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻼﺝ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﺘﺨﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻪ
ﺣﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﻭﻃﻬﺮﻫﺎ ,ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﻡ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺤﻴﺾ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﺿﺔ.
ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺗﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻣﺠﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺍﻏﺘﺴﻠﺖ
ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ
ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻋﻪ ﻭﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ
ﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺄﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﻭﺃﺗﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ LXXXVIII
۞۞۞۞۞
۞۞۞
۞
XCIII ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
۞۞۞
۞
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
XCVII ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ
3 ]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ[
3 ]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ[
4 ]ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﺐ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﷲ[
5 ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ[
6 ]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ[
12 ]ﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱ؟[
13 ]ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ؟[
17 ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﻼﺝ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ
17 ]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ[
20 ]ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺬﺭ[
21 ]ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ[
23 ]ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ[
24 ]ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ[
25 ]ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ[
25 ُﻳﺨﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﺎ[
]ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻻ
27 ]ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ[
27 ]ﺣﻜﻢ ﻧﺘﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻭﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ[
28 ]ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻬﻴﺎﺕ[
30 ]ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﻊ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺮﻡ[
31 ]ﻋﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﻣﺤﺎﺭﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ[
ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ XCVIII
78 ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺏ
80 ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺮ
80 ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ]ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﻗﺔ[
81 ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ
82 ﺃﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺎﺕ
84 ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺔ
84 ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱ
85 ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ
86 ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ:
87 ]ﺃﺫﻛﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ[
89 ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺬﻳﺮ
90 ﻧﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢ:
91 ]ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ[
95 ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ