Client successes chapter

1. Introduction.

2. Sadan- A historical overview.

3. Early settlement and nature of immigration of Sadan.

4. Origin, Development and phases of Jharkhand movement:- A overview.

5. Development phase of Jharkhand movement (1938-1970) and contribution of Sadan.

6. Mature phase of Jharkhand movement (1971-2000) and contribution of Sadan.

7. Conclusion.

1. Introduction total page no 41

Historical Background of Jharkhand Movement page no 5

Socio-economic Background of Jharkhand Movement page no 6

Situations in Colonial Jharkhand page no 9

Post-Independence Jharkhand Movement page no 10

Political Background of Jharkhand Movement page no 11

Historical Study:

The term "Historical Study" implies an in-depth examination of past events, developments,
and occurrences related to a specific subject. In this case, it refers to a comprehensive
exploration of the history of a particular community or group known as the "Sadan" in the
context of Jharkhand.

The Sadan of Jharkhand:

 - The "Sadan" is likely a reference to a specific community or group of people in the region of
Jharkhand. The study aims to focus on the historical aspects of this community, which could
include its origin, cultural practices, socio-economic conditions, and any significant historical
events related to this group.

Special Reference to the Jharkhand Movement:

- The inclusion of "with special reference to the Jharkhand Movement" indicates that the study
will specifically investigate how the Sadan community was involved or affected by the
Jharkhand Movement. This movement, as discussed earlier, is a political and social movement
advocating for the creation of the state of Jharkhand and addressing the socio-economic issues
faced by tribal communities.

Historical Background of Jharkhand Movement:

The Jharkhand Movement is a political and social movement that emerged in the late 19th and
early 20th centuries, with the goal of creating a separate state for the tribal communities in the
Chotanagpur and Santhal Parganas regions of Bihar (now part of Jharkhand state in India). The
movement gained momentum in the mid-20th century and eventually led to the creation of the
state of Jharkhand on November 15, 2000.

Here is a brief historical background of the Jharkhand Movement:

British Colonial Period (Late 19th to Mid-20th Century):

- The Chotanagpur plateau and Santhal Parganas regions were inhabited by numerous tribal
communities with distinct cultures, languages, and traditions.

- The British colonial administration categorized these regions as 'Scheduled Areas' and
implemented various laws and policies that affected the tribal way of life.

- The introduction of mining and industrial activities also had a significant impact on the tribal
communities, leading to displacement and exploitation.

Formation of Jharkhand Party (1930s):

 - The initial seeds of the Jharkhand Movement were sown in the 1930s with the formation of
the Adivasi Mahasabha by Jaipal Singh, a tribal leader and Olympian.

- In 1952, the Adivasi Mahasabha transformed into the Jharkhand Party, advocating for the
rights and interests of the tribal communities.

Demand for Separate Statehood (1960s-2000):

- The demand for a separate state for the tribal communities gained prominence in the 1960s,
as various tribal leaders and organizations intensified their efforts.

- Economic, social, and political marginalization of the tribal communities fueled the demand
for a separate state, as activists argued that a distinct state would better address their unique
needs and aspirations.

- The movement gained momentum in the 1980s and 1990s, with widespread protests, rallies,
and political mobilization.

Political and Legislative Developments:

- The Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM), a political party formed in 1972, played a crucial role
in advocating for the cause of Jharkhand statehood.

- The demand for a separate state gained political support, and the Jharkhand movement
became a significant electoral issue.

- The creation of Jharkhand as a separate state was realized with the passage of the Bihar
Reorganization Act in the year 2000.

Creation of Jharkhand (November 15, 2000):

- On November 15, 2000, the state of Jharkhand was officially carved out of Bihar, becoming
the 28th state of the Indian Union.

- Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, was chosen to be the administrative headquarters.