ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS: PROBLEM SET 12

Easy
1. C

The question asks for the area of a circle in the xy-plane. Because the circle is tangent to
the y-axis, the radius that intersects the y-axis is perpendicular to the y-axis, and thus
parallel to the x-axis. Since the radius is parallel to the x-axis, the y-coordinate is
constant. To find the length of the radius, find the difference between the x-coordinates of
the end points. On the y-axis, the x-coordinate is 0. Since the center at K has an x-
coordinate of 2, the length of the radius is 2 – 0 = 2. Then use the formula for area of a
circle: πr2 = π(22) = 4π. The correct answer is (C).

2. B

The question asks for the relationship between the circumferences of two circles.
Circumference can be found with either the formula 2πr or πd. You have the radius of one
circle and the diameter of the other, so use both. The circumference of Circle P is 2πr =
2π(7) = 14π. The circumference of Circle R is πd = 8π. Now just subtract. The correct
answer is (B). If you picked (D), you calculated area instead of circumference.

3. D

The question asks how many squares with a side of 1 cm can fit inside a rectangle.
Drawing on the diagram could help. How many sides of 1 cm can fit along the long edge
of the rectangle? 6. And how many rows will fit along the short edge? 2. Now just multiply
6 × 2 = 12. Or draw them in and count them up. The correct answer is (D).

Medium
4. B

The question asks for the area of the circle with center O. Write in 6 by the radius of the

bigger circle. That makes the diameter of the bigger circle 12. If LM (the diameter of the

smaller circle) is the length of LN, the equation is (12 + x) = x. 4 = x – , and x = 6.

(You don’t have to write an equation. You could estimate and try some numbers.

Doesn’t LM look like it’s about half of MN? It is.) If the diameter of the smaller circle is 6,

then its radius is 3 and its area is 9π. The correct answer is (B).

5. C

The question asks for the measure of the marked angle on the figure. Estimate first. The
marked angle is way more than 180—in fact, it’s not that far from 360. Cross out (A). You
know AC = AB because they’re both radii. That means BC = AB = AC, and the triangle is
equilateral. So angle BAC is 60°. Subtract that from 360 and you’re in business. (Even if
all you could do was estimate, go ahead and take a guess.) The correct answer is (C).
6. D

The question asks for the volume of a cylinder. If the radius is half the height, then the
radius is 3. To get the volume of a cylinder, multiply the area of the base times the height
—in this case, π(32) × 6 = 54π, which is approximately 170. The correct answer is (D).

7. B

The question asks for the measure of arc BD on the circle. If the square has an area of 16,

then the side of the square is 4. Write that on your diagram. Now you know the radius of

the circle is also 4, so the circumference is 8π. Angle BAD has 90°, since it’s a corner of

the square. And since 90 is of 360, arc BD is of the circumference. So arc BD is

(8π), or 2π. The correct answer is (A). If you estimated first, you could have crossed out

(D), and maybe even (C). The correct answer is (B).

8. B

The question asks for the cost of the bricks that would fill the crate. According to the
question, brick has a cost of $1.20 per cubic foot, so multiply the cost per cubic foot by the
number of cubic feet of brick in the crate. The volume of a right rectangular prism can be
found using the formula V = lwh. The dimensions of the crate are 8 feet by 4 feet by 3
feet, so substitute these in for l, w, and h to get V = (8)(4)(3) = 96 cubic feet. Now,
multiply 96 by $1.20 to get $115.20. The correct answer is (B).

Hard
9. C

The question asks for the circumference of the circle. Write the info on your diagram.
If OF bisects CD, it also bisects angle COD, making two 60° angles. Now there are two
30:60:90 triangles. If the shortest leg of one of those triangles is 1.5, then the hypotenuse
is 2 × 1.5, or 3. Aha! That distance is also the radius of the circle, so the circumference is
6π. The correct answer is (C).

10. C

The question asks for the radius of the circle. The ratio of the length of an arc to the
circumference of the circle is the same as the ratio of the degree measure of the arc to the
360 degrees of the circle. As 120° is one-third of the circle, the length of the arc is one-
third of the circumference. Thus, the circumference of the circle is 12π. As Circumference
= 2πr, the radius is 6. The correct answer is (C).

11. B

The question asks for the number of packages that Jeremy will need to fill the crate. Start
by finding the number of tiles needed. To do so, you must divide the dimensions of the
crate by all three dimensions of the tiles:
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But don’t select 90 as your answer! The question asks how many packages of 8 tiles are
needed. So, divide 90 by 8, which equals 11 plus a remainder. As 11 packages will contain
only 88 of the 90 tiles needed, Jeremy must buy a 12th package. The correct answer is
(B).
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