2.

Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later, and it is often argued
that these are the best people to talk to teenagers about the dangers of committing a crime.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

It is true that ex-prisoners can become normal, productive members of society. I completely
agree with the idea that allowing such people to speak to teenagers about their experiences is
the best way to discourage them from breaking the law.

In my opinion, teenagers are more likely to accept advice from someone who can speak from
experience. Reformed offenders can tell young people about how they became involved in
crime, the dangers of a criminal lifestyle, and what life in prison is really like. They can also
dispel any ideas (=debunk the myths) that teenagers may have about criminals leading
glamorous lives. While adolescents are often indifferent (bàng quang/ không quan tâm) to
the guidance given by older people, I imagine that most of them would be extremely keen to
hear the stories of an ex-offender. The vivid and perhaps shocking nature of these stories is
likely to have a powerful impact.

Lead a/an + adj + life

Lead to : dẫn

The alternatives to using reformed criminals to educate teenagers about crime would be much
less effective. One option would be for po’lice officers to visit schools and talk to young
people. This could be useful in terms of informing teens about what happens to lawbreakers
when they are caught, but young people are often reluctant to take advice from figures of
authority (người có quyền lực – parents). A second option would be for school teachers to
speak to their students about crime, but I doubt that students would see teachers as credible
sources of information about this topic. Finally, educational films might be informative, but
there would be no opportunity for young people to interact and ask questions.

Would: đề xuất, tình huống trong tương lai nhưng chưa chắc đã làm, may be chưa có ở hiện
tại => Có thể dùng can/ may,

In conclusion, I fully support the view that people who have turned their lives around after
serving a prison sentence could help to deter teenagers from committing crimes.

Turn their lives around = reformed

Deter sb from sth = Discourage sb from sth
3. The older generations tend to have very traditional ideas about how people should live,
think and behave. However, some people believe that these ideas are not helpful in
preparing younger generations for modern life. To what extent do you agree or disagree
with this view?
It is true that many older people believe in traditional ‘values that often seem incompatible
with the needs of younger people. While I agree that some traditional ideas are outdated, I
believe that others are still useful and should not be forgotten.

Compatible with = suitable with

On the one hand, many of the ideas that elderly people have about life are becoming less
relevant for younger people. In the past, for example, people were advised to learn a
profession and find a secure job for life, but today’s workers expect much more variety and
diversity from their careers. At the same time, the ‘rules’ around relationships are being
eroded as young adults make their own choices about who and when to marry. But perhaps
the greatest disparity (gap) between the generations can be seen in their attitudes towards
gender roles. The traditional roles of men and women, as breadwinners and housewives, are
no longer accepted as necessary or appropriate by most younger people.

Expect sth from sth

Many of the ideas = cái lớn => liệt kê ra, rút ra => nhấn mạnh

Relevant to = liên quan; Relavant for = theo như quan điểm như trẻ

Accept/view/consider/deem/regard sb as sth/adj:

On the other hand, some traditional views and values are certainly applicable to the modern
world. For example, older generations attach great importance to working hard, doing one’s
best, and taking pride in one’s work, and these behaviours can surely benefit young people as
they enter today’s competitive job market. Other characteristics that are perhaps seen as
traditional are politeness and good manners (cư xử đúng mực). In our globalised world,
young adults can expect to come into contact with people from a huge variety of
backgrounds, and it is more important than ever to treat others with respect. Finally, I
believe that young people would lead happier lives if they had a more ‘old-fashioned’ (để
trong dấu ngoặc kép => nghĩa ngược lại, tác giả không nghĩ vậy) sense of community and
neighbourliness.

Be applicable to (đạo luật 18 tuổi => these law is not applicable to me)
Attach sth to sb/sth = attach great importance to sth / attach little importance to sth (không
xem trọng)
Attribute sth to sb/sth: quy về (attribute the responsibility/blame to sth)
Take pride in one’s work = be proud of = pride oneself on sth
Competitive job market =
Globalised world =
Come into contact with: tiếp xúc với F0/ F1
Contact sb: liên lạc
Lead
Sense of sth
In conclusion, although the views of older people may sometimes seem unhelpful in today’s
world, we should not dismiss all traditional ideas as irrelevant.

Dismiss sth as N/adj: phớt lờ/ xem nhẹ + tính từ tiêu cực.

4. Wild animals have no place in the 21st century, so protecting them is a waste of
resources. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Some people argue that it is pointless to spend money on the protection of wild animals
because we humans have no need for them. I completely disagree with this point of view.

In my opinion, it is absurd to argue that wild animals have no place in the 21st century. I do
not believe that planet Earth exists only for the benefit of humans, and there is nothing
special about this particular century that means that we suddenly have the right to allow or
encourage the extinction of any species. Furthermore, there is no compelling reason why we
should let animals die out. We do not need to exploit or destroy every last square metre of
land in order to feed or accommodate the world’s population. There is plenty of room for us
to exist side by side with wild animals, and this should be our aim.

I also disagree with the idea that protecting animals is a waste of resources. It is usually the
protection of natural habitats that ensures the survival of wild animals, and most scientists
agree that these habitats are also crucial for human survival. For example, rainforests produce
oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide and stabilise the Earth’s climate. If we destroyed these areas,
the costs of managing the resulting changes to our planet would far outweigh the costs of
conservation. By protecting wild animals and their habitats, we maintain the natural balance
of all life on Earth.

In conclusion, we have no right to decide whether or not wild animals should exist, and I
believe that we should do everything we can to protect them.