Acremoniu Trichoderma spp. Chrysosporium Zygomycetes Absidia spp. Mucor spp. Rhizomuco Rhizopus spp.

Syncephalastu
m spp. spp. r spp. m spp.
-found in soil
COLONIES Waxy, 4-5 days: green 6 days: Pink, gray Cottony candy Cottony dirty white; Woolly colonies; white White (mature:
velvety with granular with or tan pigment; texture; white mouncy brown to gray (mature: gray to brown) ; gray)
pink reverse abundance of floccose and flat to gray to with age salt and pepper colony
conidia – yellow brown surface
green
FLAT WHITE
GROWTH
Hyphae Intertwining thin Spiral vegetative Thin Thick walled widest Thin walled Not as wide as
ropes structures walled; others;
branching branching at
at right right angles
angles
Phialophores Slender; Short and erect;
upright; branching at right
long and angle; swells at the
tapering at center and tapers
the tip at the tip
Phialoconidia Egg shaped Subglobose to
in clusters elliptical in clusters

DISEASE Hyalohyphomycosi Adiaspiromycosis Zycomycoses rhinocerebralzygomycosi rhinocerebralmucormycosi

s (pulmonary and (enlargement of and s s
skin infections) conidia in tissue mucormycose
without s (uncommon
replication) and in healthy
hyalohyphomycosi individuals)
s
-fatal with
patient na
may diabetes
with
ketoacidosis
Recovered from Environment Nails and skin
worldwide lesions

Conidia One celled;

clavate; numerous
arthroconidia
conidiophores Spiral vegetative
structures

Rhizoids Tree roots rudimentar ABSENT primitive Well developed rudimentary

(for y
attachment
and
absorption);
for achorage
Sporangiophore 2-5 Long and straight with Arise Light brown; long and Arise
internodal collarette irregularly; straight; nodal; with sympodially;
 DISEASE PREDISPOSITION MACROSCOPIC MICROSCOPIC
group; internodal; apophysis long and erect
apophysis with
remains; collarette;
with without
CULTURING SABHI - 22-30 C : BLOOD AGAR - CORNMEAL AGAR
collarette apophysis
Cream colored Resemble WITH TWEEN 80 -
Columellae Staphylococcus Differentiation of Cone Varying shapes Globose Hemispherical with
spp candida spp shaped; flattened base; upside
hershey’s down umbrella
GERM TUBE Candida albicans kiss
Sporangium – 2-
PRODUCTION and Candida Pyriform; globose Round and Varying size with flattened
3 hrs incubation tropicalis brown or black base
@35-37 C gray with
age
MICROSCOPIC
Merosporangiu Salin wet mounts Resembles
m and gram stain - tubes or
budding yeast fingers

India ink – stain

capsule ng Additional notes:
cryptococcus
neoformans Zygomycetes –
form rhizoids
Carbohydrate -determine aerobic
assimilation test utilizatrion of Hyaline septate –
Fungemia carbohydrates Infection of the blood by fungi sparsely septate
Acquired by -7 and 14 days Inhalation, ingestion, occlusion of that form ribbon
reading blood vessels, allergic reactions, like and thin
-ph indicator: fungemia
bromcresol purple Dome like walled
columella appearance.
-result:
Apophysis Swelling
positive=yellow
Collarette colonies Ring of fragments
Types of rhizoids Nodal; opposite side
Internodal; between
Urease test -identifying
Rudimentary; primitive or poorly
cryptococcus spp
developed
-result; positive=
pink to purple
Negative=yellow
Negative control :
Candida albicans
Chromagars -identification of
different yeast
(violet white
purple yellow and
blue colors)
Candida albicans CANDIDIASIS Burns, wounds, Sheep blood agar, Positive in germ
-trush (oral thrush diabetes mellitus, chocolate agar, tube
in infants; white antimicrobial eosin methylene
patches) therapy, blue agars, tween
-vulvovaginitis pregnancy, 80 (mostly used)
(vagina infection) leukemia, immune
-onychomycosis problem
(nail infection)
-paronychomycosis
Virology -study of viruses Largest DNA- poxviridae

-smallest infectious agent (20nm – 200nm) Smallest DNA – parvoviridae

-electron microscope: 20x20 nm to 250 x 300nm Smallest RNA- enterovirus

-obligate parasite (no enzymes) Largest RNA- paramyxoviridae

-rna or dna