PROJECTIONS

1. Radio Navigation charts (Jeppesen) uses:

a) Lamberts conformal conic projection

b) Mercator's projection

c) IMPP

2. A rhumb line is a straight line. This applies to

a) Mercators b) Lamberts c) IMPP

3. Meridians and parallel intersect at right angles. This applies to

a) Mercators b) Lamberts c) Both.

4. On the Mercator's chart,

a) Distortion increases away from the Equator.

b) Distortion increases away from the Pole

c) Parallels of latitude are not straight lines.

5. The scale on a Lamberts projection is correct only along

a) The standard parallels

b) The equator

c) The end parallels of latitude and 2°on either side of the central meridian.

6. Charts are used only for:

a) Flying over seas b) Dead reckoning navigation c) Polar navigation.

7. In an ortho morphic projection,

a) Meridians and parallels intersect at right angles

b) Meridians and parallels are straight lines

c) Both the above

8. The chart that is generally used for navigation in polar areas is based on a?

a) Lambert's Conformal. b) Transverse Mercator. c) Stereographical projection.

9. On a Lambert conformal conic chart the convergence of the meridians is?

a) The same as earth convergency at the parallel of origin.

b) The same as the scale.

c) Most accurate at the standard parallels.

10. On a Lambert conformal conic projection, with two standard parallels the scale is?

a) Correct only along the parallel of origin.

b) Correct only at the poles.

c) Correct only along the standard parallels.

11. On a Transverse Mercator chart, scale is exactly correct along the?

a) Meridian of tangency b) Prime meridian. c) Standard latitudes

12. On a lamberts conical projection, the given scale is correct at __ and convergence is correct
at

a) Latitude of origin, latitude of origin

b) Latitude of origin, standard Parallels

c) Standard Parallels, latitude of origin.

13. While measuring track at Lambert conical projection protractor is to be placed at

a) Latitude of departure b) Latitude Of arrival c) Mid way longitude

14. The angular difference, on a Lambert conformal conic chart, between the arrival and
departure track is equal to?

a) Departure angle. b) Map convergence c) Secant of ½ latitude.

15. On a Direct Mercator chart, meridians are?

a) Parallel, equally spaced, horizontal straight lines.

b) Converging curved lines.

c) Parallel, equally spaced, vertical straight lines.

16. On which of the following chart projections is it not possible to represent the north or south
poles?

a) Polar Stereographic. b) Direct Mercator c) Lambert's Conical

17. Which one of the following, concerning great circles on a Direct Mercator chart is correct?

a) With the exception of meridians and the equator, they are curves concave to the equator

b) Straight lines

c) Curves concave to the nearest pole.

18. On a Lambert conformal conic chart, the distance between parallels Of spaced between
parallels of latitude spaced the same number Of degrees apart?

a) between and reduces outside Of the Standard parallels.

b) Reduces between and expands outside the standard parallels.

c) Is constant between the standard parallels.

19. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the appearance of great circles.
with the exception of meridians, on a polar stereographic chart whose tangency is at the pole?

a) The higher the latitude the closer they approximate to a straight line.

b) The lower the latitude the closer they approximate to straight line.

c) Never approximate to straight lines.

20. Which one of the following describes the appearance of rhumb lines, except meridians, on a
polar stereographic chart.

a) Straight lines b) Curves concave to the pole c) Approximately straight lines

21. What is the value of the convergence factor on a polar stereographic chart?

a) 2.0. b) 1.5. c) 1.0.

22. On a Direct Mercator, rhumb lines are?

a) Straight lines. b) Curves concave to nearest pole. c) Curves convex to nearest pole.

23. A perfectly straight line on a Lamberts chart is?

a) A parallel of latitude b) A rhumb line c) A meridian of longitude.

24. Which of the following statements best describes how scale varies on a Mercator chart?

a) It is correct on the standard parallels, but expands outside them, and contracts within them.

b) Expands directly with the secant of the latitude.

c) Expands as the secant (1/2 x co-latitude).

25. On a Lambert Conformal chart the distance between meridians 5° apart along latitude 37°
North is 9 cm. The scale of the chart at that parallel approximates?

a) 1:3500000 b) I :5000000 c) 1:4000000.

26. Where is the convergency correct on a Transverse Mercator chart?

a) At the datum meridian and the Equator.

b) Only at the Equator and poles.

c) Only at the datum meridian.

27. In which of the following projections will a plane surface touch the reduced earth at one of
the poles?

a) Stereographic b) Direct Mercator c) Transverse Mercator

28. The scale on a Lambert's conformal conic chart?

a) Is constant b) Is constant along a parallel of latitude

c) Is constant along a meridian of longitude.

29. The scale is correct on a transverse Mercator chart.

a) Along the datum meridian and meridians at 90° to it.

b) At the prime meridian.

c) Along the great circle of tangency.

30. The nominal scale of a Lambert conformal conic chart is the?

a) Scale at the standard parallels.

b) Scale at the parallel of origin.

c) Scale at the poles.

31. What type of projection is generally used for charts used for navigation in North and south
polar areas?

a) Lambert's conformal b) Polar stereographical projection c) Direct Mercator.

32. On a Lambert Conformal conic chart great circle that are not meridians are?

a) Curves concave to pole of projection

b) Straight lines within the standard parallels.

c) Curves concave to the parallel of origin.

33. Parallels Of latitude, except the equator, are?

a) Rhumb lines b) Complex curves c) Great circle

SCALE

34. On Jeppesen charts scale is given in the following manner:

a) Representative fraction.

b) Graduated scale and statement in words

c) All of the above

35. Nautical mile is more than a statute mile. Statue mile is more than a kilometer.

a) Both statements are correct.

b) Only kilometre is more than a nautical mile

c) Only statute mile is more than a nautical mile.

36. 1000 meters equals:

a)1 nm b) 0.545 nm c) 0.545 km

37. Contours are lines drawn on a map or chart joining

a) Places of equal elevation b) Equal pressure c) Equal variation.

38. Maps indicate the details of the topography. Pilots can use this for:

a) Contact navigation b) Instrument flying c) Dead reckoning navigation

39. Graticule is the network of meridians and parallels on:

a) Earth b) Maps c) Both

40. The scale of a chart is shown as 1: 1 million. This means that

a) 1" on the chart equals 1 million inches on the Earth

b) 1 cm on the chart represents 1 million centimeters on the Earth

c) Both.

41. Representation of high ground on a projection can be in the form of:

a) Contours and form lines b) Spot heights and Layer tinting c) All the above
42. Map Distance = 10" ; Earth Distance = 120 nm. Find scale.

a) Scale = 1/ 8,755,200 b) scale = 8,755,200

43. Map Distance = 13.2", ED = 350 nm. Find scale

a) scale = 1934545 b) Scale = 1/ 1934545

44. On a map 3 cm represent earth Distance of 200 statute mile. Find scale of map.

Scale = 1/10728960

45. On a map scale of 1: 2x106. How many km are represented by a line 4.2" long?

Scale = 213.36 km

46. On a map scale of 1: 1X106. How many inches are represented by ground Distance of 400km.

Scale = 15.74 inches

47. On a mercator chart scale at 57°N = 1: 1X106. Find Scale at

(i) Equator (ii) 35° S (iii) 25° N

(i)Scale at Equator = 1/ 838235
(ii) Scale at 35° = 1/ 505794
(iii) Scale at 25°N = 1/ 1666006
48. On a direct Mercator projection, the distance measured between two meridians spaced 5°
apart at latitude 60° N is 8 cm. The scale of this chart at latitude 60°N is approximately?

a) 1: 3 500 000. b) 1: 5 000 000 c) 1:2 000 000.

49. On a direct Mercator projection, at a certain length represents 70 NM. At latitude 30° North,
the same length represents approximately?

a) 86 nm b) 75 nm c) 45 nm.

50. At 60° N the scale of a direct Mercator chart is 1 :3000 000. What is the scale at Equator?

a) 1:5000 000. b)1: 6 000 000. c) 1: 12 000 000.