Psychodynamic approach

The psychodynamic approach views behaviors as derivatives of internal conflicts, motives and unconscious forces. The
belief is that if behaviors are discontinued without addressing the underlying motives that are driving them, that relapse
will occur. Symptoms are viewed as expressions of the patient's underlying needs and issues and are assumed to disapp
with the completion of working through these issues. The psychodynamic model does not address nutritional issues, foo
related symptoms or behavioral rituals of the eating disorder. Source: A. Natenshon, "When your child has an eating
disorder" (1999).

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is a serious, potentially fatal, brain disorder characterized by a compulsion for self-starvation
and/or excessive exercise, severe weight loss, distorted body image and impaired thinking, particularly around issues of
food, weight and body. The illness can cause severe medical complications such as bone loss and heart dysfunction and
often co-morbid with other psychiatric disorders, includingdepression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, self-
harm and suicidal ideation. Anorexia nervosa has two forms – restricting subtype and binge eating/purging subtype -- an
patients may swing from one subtype to the other during the course of the illness. Source.

Also referred to as AN in eating disorders literature or Ana by sufferers.

Binge eating episodes

Binge eating episodes are associated with: eating much more rapidly than normal, eating until feeling uncomfortably ful
sense of being out of control, dissociation, eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry, eating alone
due to embarrassment about how much one is eating, feeling disgusted, depressed, or guilty following overeating. Binge
can also occur secondary to restrictive eatingand as a result of starvation.

Bulimia nervosa (BN)

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a serious, potentially fatal, brain disorder characterized by frequent binge eatingfollowed by
inappropriate compensatory behaviors, and diagnosed when occurring on average at least twice a week for at least 3
months. BN is classified into two subtypes. The purging subtype is characterized by the use of self-induced vomiting,
laxatives, enemas, or diuretics; in the non-purging subtype, fasting or excessive exercising is used to compensate for bin
eating. Source.

Compensatory Behaviors

Compensatory behaviors are behaviors meant to compensate or "un-do" eating. They are utilized to relieveguilt associa
with eating and consuming more calories than intended or discomfort for a patient; or to relieve anxiety that may not b
directly correlated with food/eating but provides physical and/or emotional relief. Examples include: purging via self-
 induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, enemas, colonics ordiuretics, fasting or restricting intake for a period of time
following consumption, use of diet pills, chewing and spitting, or over-exercising.

Compulsive Overeating

Compulsive Overeating (also see Binge Eating Disorder BED) is the most common eating disorder, affecting men nearly a
often as women, with onset typically in adults. Indicators include: binge eating, eating large amounts even when not
physically hungry, rapid eating, isolating when eating due to shame & embarrassment, preoccupation with food, weight
shape & appearance, guilt, mood swings, history of multiple failed diet/weight loss attempts, typically above average
weight despite chronic dieting. Treatment interventions include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior
Therapy, use of mindful eating &self monitoring, psychotropic medications, interpersonal psychotherapy and dietary
consultation.

Diabulimia

Diabulimia is an eating disorder in which people with Type 1 diabetes deliberately reduce insulin treatment for the purp
of weight loss. The body goes into a starvation state, resulting in breakdown of muscle and fat into ketone bodies and
subsequently ketoacids. The body is unable to process sugars that have been consumed, so the sugars are excreted rath
than being used by the body for energy or stored as fat. This typically results in significant weight loss but also places the
patient at risk of a life-threatening condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Eating disorder

In clinical terms, the American Psychiatric Association's current diagnostic manual, DSM-IV-TR, identifies three categori
of eating disorders: Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS).
Indicators: anxiety around food and eating, disordered eating, body image distortions, apreoccupation with food, all of
which impact on daily functioning. Source.

Food avoidance emotional disorder (FAED)

Food avoidance emotional disorder (FAED) is a childhood emotional disorder in which food avoidance, in quantity and
range, is the prominent feature, resulting in weight loss. This is primarily a mood, rather than food, disturbance. Childre
with FAED tend to be, on average, younger than those with early onset anorexia nervosa. FAED is more common in boy
than girls. Source.