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Tutorial 1 - Data Acquisition - 2024 - 01 - 18 - 20240118
Tutorial 1 - Data Acquisition - 2024 - 01 - 18 - 20240118
XML: creating custom tags and defining the structure of the document according to
the specific data.
Structure KML: a predefined structure with specific elements and attributes tailored for
representing geographic features (points, lines, polygons, and overlays).
XML VS KML
XML: domains like web services, data storage, configuration files, and data exchange
Usage between systems.
KML: visualizing geographic data and creating interactive maps.
XML: defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and has a wide range of
tools and libraries available for processing.
Standard KML: created by Keyhole, Inc. (later acquired by Google) for their mapping products,
supported by Google Earth and related applications.
Esri Open Data Hub
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> XML declaration;
<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2"> root element ;
<Document> the main container element for the KML data;
<name>My Example KML Document</name> name of the document or feature;
<open>1</open> whether the document is open or closed by default;
<Placemark> a point or set of points on the Earth's surface;
<name>Location 1</name> the name of the placemark ("Location 1" and "Location 2".
<Point> element that represents a point on the Earth's surface;
An example <coordinates>-118.4045,34.0551</coordinates> coordinates of the point;
of XML </Point>
</Placemark>
<Placemark>
<name>Location 2</name>
<Point>
<coordinates>-117.1574,34.0702</coordinates>
</Point>
</Placemark>
</Document>
</kml>
Esri Open Data Hub
https://pypi.org/project/simplekml/ https://pythonhosted.org/pykml/tutorial.html
Esri Open Data Hub
OGC WMS stands for Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service. It is a standard protocol
for serving geospatial map images over the internet. WMS services allow users to access and
visualize geospatial data in the form of maps through a standardized interface.
Interoperability: adhere to a standard protocol, easier for different systems and software to communicate with each
other, can be accessed and displayed consistently across different platforms.
Integration: be easily integrated into various applications and websites, allow users to incorporate maps into their
own projects without extensive coding or data acquisition.
Customization: flexibility to customize the appearance and content of the map (specific layers, adjusting
transparency, and applying different styles and symbology).
benefits
Data Access: provide access to large amounts of geospatial data that may be stored on remote servers. Users can
access and visualize this data without the need to download or store it locally.
Collaboration: allow users to share maps and geospatial data with others. multiple users view and interact with the
same map simultaneously, promoting teamwork and information sharing.
Scalability: handle large amounts of geospatial data and can serve maps to a large number of users simultaneously,
suitable for applications with high traffic and large user bases.
Esri Open Data Hub
• JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format that is used to store and
transmit data between a server and a web application. It is a text-based format that uses simple and
familiar syntax from JavaScript to define data structures.
• GeoJSON is a subset of JSON specifically designed to represent geographic data. GeoJSON includes
additional properties and structures to represent geographic features such as points, lines, and
polygons, along with their associated attributes. It provides a standardized way to encode geographic
information.
Natural Earth Data
• Natural Earth Data is number 2 on the list because it best suits the needs of
cartographers. By and large, all the key cultural and physical vector GIS datasets are
on a global scale conveniently for you to use. The raster datasets also provide
beautiful hill shade relief for your map.
• The best part is Natural Earth Data is in public domain. So, this means that you
have the right to use, modify, and disseminate the data in any manner.
Natural Earth Data
USGS Earth Explorer
✓ For satellite and aerial imagery, the USGS Earth Explorer is one of the
largest free sources of data.
✓ A friendly user interface makes accessing remote sensing data simple.
✓ In fact, it even has a bulk download application if you need to download
more than one data set.
✓ Registration is free.
USGS Earth Explorer
Categories
• Aerial Photography
• Digitized Maps
• Elevation Products
• Land Cover
• Satellite Imagery
• Image Gallery
https://eros.usgs.gov
One of the advantages of OSM is its flexibility to store any type of feature, given the
many tags that already exist and the community-based tag proposal and voting
process. In some cases, specialized thematic maps have been created around a
subset of feature types. Examples of these include:
❑ OpenCycleMap, specializing in drawing bicycle trails that people have submitted
to OSM
❑ OpenSkiMap, showing ski lifts and trails
❑ Wheelmap, allowing the browsing and marking of wheelchair-accessible
locations
UNEP Environmental Data Explorer
Data Type
✓ Atmosphere
✓ Biosphere
✓ Cryosphere
✓ Human Dimensions
✓ Land Surface
✓ Ocean Earth Data Home page
✓ Solid Earth
✓ Sun-Earth Interactions
✓ Terrestrial Hydrosphere
Downloading Data from Earth Data
Data Searching Link
https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search
▪ Should create an account to download data
▪ Select your area of interest
▪ Find your desired data in the search box
https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/getting-started/about-twitter-api
Useful Spatial Data Sources
Data Competitions
• Kaggle
• IEEE GRSS
• ISPRS
• ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS Cup
Two useful coding tools
• R studio
- Accessing data through API
- Data processing and analysis
• Python
- Accessing data through API
- Data processing and analysis